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24 August 2014 Books

I jog around the park I still have arthritis in my left knee, but I manage to get round the park. A wettish day. I sort out thirty books from Marcus

Scrabble: I win, but get under 400. perhaps Mary will win tomorrow.

110 Games Mary win 58 John 53

Obituary:

Jean Redpath – obituary

Jean Redpath was a Scottish folk singer who shared an apartment with Bob Dylan and recorded the ballads of Robbie Burns

Jean Redpath performing at the Newport Folk Festival in July 1963

Jean Redpath performing at the Newport Folk Festival in July 1963 Photo: GETTY IMAGES

6:18PM BST 22 Aug 2014

CommentsComments

Jean Redpath, who has died aged 77, was considered one of the finest folk singers to emerge in the early British folk revival.

Revered as a Scottish musical treasure for her knowledge, understanding and research into traditional music, and her uniquely sensitive interpretations of some of the great ballads, she made more than 50 records, including seven LPs of Robbie Burns’s songs, and was an authority on traditional song. In the early Sixties she shared an apartment with Bob Dylan at the epicentre of the American folk revival in Greenwich Village.

Jean Redpath later in her career

Jean Redpath disliked the term “folk singer”, insisting: “I avoid it like the plague. In fact, I avoid putting a label on anything. I just like to sing – it’s an easier form of communication to me than talking.”

She had no formal training and said the best advice she ever received was when she sought the help of a singing coach, to be told that if she wanted to improve, the best thing she could do was go away and sing for 20 years the way she was doing already.

Born in Edinburgh on April 28 1937, Jean Redpath was brought up at Leven, Fife. Her childhood was surrounded by music: her mother sang traditional songs around the house, and her father, whose grandfather had made hammered dulcimers, later played that instrument on some of his daughter’s records.

Her mentor was the great Scottish folklorist Hamish Henderson, from the School of Scottish Studies, who visited the literary society at her school to give a talk on traditional song. “That was epiphany for me,” she said, and she was particularly moved when Henderson played the great travelling singer Jeannie Robertson’s version of The Overgate, a variant on a song her mother sang. Henderson was to become a firm friend and inspiration.

Jean started performing songs like Sir Patrick Spens and Willie’s Drooned in Yarrow in a four-piece group with Dolina MacLennan. She won a place at Edinburgh University, but dropped out after a year and in 1961 flew to San Francisco to sing at a friend’s wedding. She had no plans to stay or pursue a career in music, taking “a dollar an hour” jobs cleaning houses, minding children and driving cars. But the half-promise of a singing engagement at a club in Philadelphia lured her east, and when that failed to materialise she moved on to New York.

It was fortuitous timing. Becoming a “professional house guest”, she found herself sharing lodgings with Rambling Jack Elliott and Bob Dylan (also newly arrived in New York) just as the Greenwich Village folk boom was taking off.

Singing at famous clubs such as Gerdes Folk City, Jean Redpath became a leading light on that scene and, following an ecstatic review in The New York Times, was signed by Elektra to record her first album, Skipping Barefoot Through The Heather (1962). Primarily unaccompanied, the gentle quality of her delivery quickly established her as a true voice of the song tradition at a time when authenticity was greatly prized. She went on to put many more little-known traditional songs into wider circulation with her subsequent LPs Scottish Ballad Book (1962), Laddie Lie Near Me (1963) and Lilt And Laughter (1963).

Asked once at which point she had decided to become a professional singer, she replied: “About 10 years after I started doing it.” She toured the States regularly and also became an unlikely radio star with appearances singing (and revealing an unexpected flair for comedy) in a double act with Garrison Keillor on the APM show A Prairie Home Companion, and with Robert J Lurtsema on Morning Pro Musica for WGBH in Boston. She took great joy in sharing her passion for Scottish music, giving folklore talks in schools and spending four years (1972-76) as artist-in-residence at Wesleyan University in Middletown, Connecticut.

In 1979 she returned to Scotland, taking up residence as a lecturer at the University of Stirling; but she continued to record and perform concerts around the world.

Among her most important work was a collaboration with the American composer and ethnomusicologist Serge Hovey, in which they planned a 22-volume campaign to record every song ever written by Robbie Burns with the original tunes used by the poet himself. In the event, they recorded only seven albums of Burns material over 20 years before Hovey’s death from Lou Gehrig’s Disease; but those records still stand as definitive interpretations of Burns.

The Scottish tradition was Jean Redpath’s first and greatest love, although she was not averse to embracing contemporary material. She performed with the cellist Abby Newton and fiddle player David Gusakov, most significantly on Lady Nairne (1986), a collection of songs – including Will Ye No Come Back Again and The Rowan Tree – which focused attention on the previously relatively obscure writings of Carolina Oliphant, Lady Nairne (1766-1845).

She also focused on women’s issues, helping to popularise songs like Judy Small’s Women Of Our Time, Glasgow Lullaby, Blue Bleezin’ Blind Drunk and The Jute Mill Song.

Jean Redpath, who was appointed MBE, championed Scottish culture at every opportunity, yet was contemptuous of some of the populist images it evoked, loathing songs such as Scotland The Brave.

“Most well-known Scottish songs subscribe to an image of Scotland I won’t touch with a barge pole,” she said.

Jean Redpath, born April 28 1937, died August 21 2014

Guardian:

The most sensible and useful thing would simply be to abolish school uniforms (“Schools are still out for summer, but it’s time to count the cost of uniforms“, News). Hated and subverted by pupils, generator of considerable time-wasting “discipline” problems or hassles for schools and teachers, often impractical (or at least useless as everyday clothes) and, of course, often wildly expensive.

If that is too much and the school must have the “correct” logo or coat of arms to brand its pupils, it could sell the badge separately as a brooch or a patch to attach to ordinary garments.

Children are conscripted to attend school (and mostly for their own good), but I can see no good reason to insist on quasi-military uniforms to brand them as attending this or that school. If it is a good one, they and their friends will feel part of it anyway. If it is a bad one, imposed uniforms will not make any difference.

Yes, the kids will invent their own group “uniforms” instead, which may or may not be school differentiated. The key point here is “their own”. In adults, it is called “choice” or “fashion”. And anyone who thinks a uniform protects the poorer kids from looking different has forgotten their own school days and the myriad cues to affluence and status that can be displayed in allegedly identical garb. Accept that schools are for learning for real life and clothes are mostly irrelevant. Remove one significant problem from school days.

Dr HM Gee

Grange-over-Sands, Cumbria

Lisa Bachelor deserves praise for citing a pawnbroker capitalising on low-income parents struggling to pay for their children’s school uniforms, amid cuts in council grants. However, another human cost is the harsh reality that many workers in Bangladesh, who are making UK brands’ school uniforms for poverty wages, cannot afford to educate their children.

We call on the government to ensure a living wage in Britain, so that all parents have enough money for uniforms, but also a living wage for workers producing them overseas for UK outlets, so they can send their own children to school.

Martin Gemzell

Senior international programmes officer

War on Want

London N1

Our family has been designing and manufacturing school uniforms for more than a century. We have been urging schools to avoid specific shops with hugely inflated margins on uniforms for decades. There are many new ways of distributing school uniforms and reducing costs, including a personal online service.

But to quote Aldi’s basic £4 school uniform without referencing it in terms of the provenance and quality of such garments is hardly fair. Schools are increasingly asking questions such as: “Who made these garments and whereabouts?”, “What quality can we expect from this garment?” and: “Does our school stand out in terms of a sense of belonging and identity?”

One has to ask oneself how much the people who have sewn these garments together have been paid and how long will these garments last when worn. As highlighted on recent television programmes such as Panorama, the conditions and wages of poorly paid workers in garment factories in less developed countries are shameful. Furthermore, recent studies by the Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs have highlighted the growing garment waste pile accumulating from low-quality clothing retailers.

We believe a more balanced view is needed when reporting on the schoolwear market, which includes ethics, overall cost in use and quality. What is pertinent to this debate is the adult uniform market – businesses that care about their appearance do not send staff down to Aldi or a local uniform shop, but source their garments themselves; something schools are increasingly embracing.

Dr Mark Southcott

School Colours

Knaresborough

Staff at Hills Road Sixth Form College in Cambridge have faith in their pupils’ abilities. Photograph: Graham Turner for the Guardian

Will Hutton says that “the Sutton Trust reports that four private schools and one sixth form college in Cambridge send as many students to Oxbridge as nearly 2,000 state schools”. (“If Britain wants a smarter society, it must favour poorer students”, Comment) It seems odd to me that people use this fact to point out where the state system is going wrong, rather than asking the question: “What is this particular state sixth form college in Cambridge doing right?” Hills Road college assumes that many of its students are capable of getting to Oxbridge. It has high academic standards. It trains the Oxbridge hopefuls in interview techniques. Why can’t other schools and sixth form colleges do the same?

Jo Edkins

Cambridge

The press and Robin Williams

Peter Preston appears to suggests (Media) that the [mere] existence of the internet removes the duty of newspaper editors to behave responsibly and in line with agreed guidelines when reporting sensitive matters such as the suicide of the actor Robin Williams.

It is bizarre to suggest that because “bad things” can be found on the internet, there should not be standards and guidelines for the British press. The editors’ code of practice is drawn up by editors – hence its name – and most have agreed to be bound by it. Arguing that the speed of the internet should allow for “bending of guidelines” once a story gains international attention is a transparent attempt to allow media outlets to wriggle out of not only their claimed accountability to self-regulation (and I would agree that is a bit of a joke anyway), but also out of their duty of care to readers.

The failure of those who ignored their own code demonstrates the urgent necessity of creating a truly independent and effective self-regulator, which will protect both the press and readers.

Joan Smith

Executive director, Hacked Off

Proper mince and tatties

I’m sorry, Fergus [Henderson, chef], I tried your recipe for mince and tatties and while delicious, it is actually mince ragout and tatties (Observer Food Monthly). Any Scottish laddie of a certain age knows that to make proper mince and tatties, one needs:

1. A pound of the best possible quality minced beef.

2. One chopped onion (unsweated).

Place the mince and the onion in a little water together with one or two crumbled red Oxo cubes (I am prepared to countenance the addition of some pinhead oatmeal if I must). Simmer for 2-3 hours and thicken if necessary. Serve with floury potatoes that can be mashed into the mince.

Enjoy being taken back to childhood!

Professor Bill Grant

University of Leicester

Education, not inspection

In the 1970s, enlightened local education authorities appointed advisers rather than inspectors – both subject and general advisers. These were friends of their schools, visiting often, able to drop in and out of classrooms, aware of achievements and individual teaching performance. In the 1980s, enlightened industry moved away from inspection to understanding that process control was much more effective, relegating tick-boxes and targets to history, understanding that continued process improvement backed by process measurement would produce so much more.

Your article “Academies run by ‘superhead’ received advance notice of Ofsted checks” (News) demonstrated why both these movements worked better than Ofsted. Could it be that the real problems within our education system stem from its politicisation and the creation of a money-making marketplace? Oh for Tony Blair’s mantra “education, education, education” to be implemented by someone – unlike Blair – who understands what this really means.

Jon Choppin

Blandford Forum, Dorset

Not quite the first annexation

Oliver Bullough writes: “The fact that Putin stole Crimea [odd use of "fact"!] … was the first annexation in Europe since the Second World War” (Ukraine Diaries: Dispatches From Kiev, New Review). Well, Khrushchev “stole” Crimea in 1954 and annexed it to Ukraine without consulting its people; wasn’t that the first?

Of course Monmouthshire was annexed to Wales in 1974, so far luckily without disastrous consequences.

Professor Robin Milner-Gulland

Pulborough

West Sussex

Open spaces are for everyone

The proposal to impose a local levy for those living near parks may work in San Francisco, but any similar scheme in Britain would simply create a divide between the “haves” and “have nots” (“Would you pay ‘park tax’ to keep the grass cut, crime down – and your house price up?”, News).

Parks and open spaces are an essential part of any community. Access and enjoyment is open to all and is as much a part of health and wellbeing as a doctor’s surgery.

The risk of creating a parks levy is that those who pay it may well think they “own” the park, and not the community.

Clarence Barrett

Upminster, Essex

Series: Family life

Previous | Index

Family life: Postwar wedding joy, the Supremes, and Mum’s red spaghetti

Readers’ favourite photographs, songs and recipes

Snapshot Graham Sheath

Snapshot … Graham Sheath’s parents, Geoffrey and Ruth, just married in 1946.

Snapshot: Smiles on a postwar wedding day

It is a cold, rather wet, day in February 1946 a few months after the end of the second world war, and my parents, Ruth and Geoffrey, have just been married at Sandal Magna church near Wakefield, West Yorkshire. Behind them are some of the small wedding party: my maternal grandparents, Dad’s sister, the little boy who is my eldest cousin, and, almost hidden from view, an army friend, their best man. No doubt they are all heading home for a modest family celebration.

Early in the war, my grandparents’ home close by had been part-requisitioned for army use and it was there that my father, a young army officer, met my mother. Not long afterwards, he was posted to Burma and India, where he spent four years before returning home after VJ day: meanwhile, Mum joined the Auxiliary Territorial Service, among other things driving ambulances. But the die was cast and they kept in touch.

Looking at the photo, I think of them bringing up my brother, sister and me in the difficult postwar years. Dad, like many of his generation, spoke little about the war. He died in 1983 and Mum survived him by more than 25 years until just short of her 91st birthday.

I delight at the smiles on their faces, which not only say so much about their personal happiness at being reunited, but also reflect the joy and relief that so many of their generation must have been feeling with the war behind them and the prospect of peace ahead.

Graham Sheath

Playlist: Mr F and my love supreme

Where Did Our Love Go by the Supremes

“Baby, baby / Baby don’t leave me / Ooh, please don’t leave me / All by myself”

Where Did Our Love Go.

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I grew up in a multi-storey block of flats in Birmingham, where my parents had trained me to walk quietly and keep my music down, so living the student life with my new “family” was exciting and liberating. They loved my parents too, who lived closest to college, so Mum and Dad often found at weekends that they had replaced one noisy daughter with a gaggle of them.

I played this Supremes single incessantly on my Dansette, to the delight of all except one seriously studious neighbour in my halls of residence. She asked to be transferred to another room when she returned in September. Her replacement loved the Supremes, so the students of J-block continued to bop along to their music.

One night, when I was rehearsing for a play at college, the record player was unplugged and removed from my room by a lecturer who lived on campus. She had clearly had enough. (How my mother would have sympathised.) I returned from rehearsal to find it gone, but my records left behind.

My vinyl collection has since moved home with me many times, and somewhere in the loft there still lies a finger-printed, scratched, beer-stained Supremes 45, waiting to be born again.

I’d always loved the Supremes but never got to see them live. During the 80s, my husband, remembering this story from my student days, secretly bought tickets for Diana Ross at the Royal Albert Hall. He didn’t let on who would be performing at the concert until we got there. Our daughter and dog had been sworn to secrecy.

I was thrilled that he had thought to organise such a fantastic surprise, particularly as his tastes were more Dylan than Diana. It was a wonderful night.

However, Mr F probably wished he hadn’t organised it when I turned into a groupie at the end and went forward with others to shake Miss Ross’s hand.

Barbara Fisher

We love to eat: Mum’s red spaghetti

Ingredients

Two handfuls of wholemeal spaghetti
A jar of tomato pasta sauce
Handful of ground almonds
Grated cheese

WLTE Sam Lunney Sam Lunney’s red spaghetti.

Cook the spaghetti and drain. Chop it up a little, so the spaghetti strands aren’t too long. Stir in the jar of tomato sauce, and then add in the ground almonds and grated cheese. All the amounts are rough, just add what you need to make it look balanced. It should be served with a green salad on the side.

Looking at the ingredients of this dish as an adult, it seems so simple. But as a child, this wasn’t just spaghetti and tomato sauce. It seemed to me that red spaghetti was tastier and more exciting than other kinds of spaghetti, and I used to often ask my mum to make it for dinner.

My mum had become a vegetarian several years before I was born, and she has always been interested in healthy eating. As I child I didn’t always want to eat things that were good for me, so she would sneak healthy things into my dinner whenever she could. This dish is a perfect example of that; brown pasta instead of white and some secret almonds I never knew were in there!

Sam Lunney

Independent:

Newmarket is a dump (“Tory minister lines up with racing royalty against new homes”, 17 August). The High Street is dominated by betting shops and seedy nightclubs. Traffic is snarled up all morning while the trainers’ horses take priority.

Rather than recognise the reality of the modern world, and moving the horses out of town, the racing fraternity instead uses a supposed threat to the industry to oppose any development that might support growth and a rebalancing of the local economy to a broader and more productive base.

The billionaire stud-owners who oppose development in the town, and donate to Matthew Hancock’s local party, do not live in Newmarket, use its services, nor spend money there.

Hancock’s request to Eric Pickles to call in the Hatchfield Farm development is cynical and hypocritical, and clearly not in the best interests of those who live in Newmarket and the surrounding area. Still, the stable lad’s vote is worth as much as Kirsten Rausing’s. I hope come next May he will use it.

Rachael Padman

Newmarket, Suffolk

Laurence Phelan writes in “The acid test” (17 August) that LSD’s status as a Schedule I, Class A drug is not “an accurate reflection of the dangers it poses”. This is a big claim. We are often told the same thing about cannabis and yet anyone who has experience of mental-health units, drug rehabs, and other such hidden places, will tell you of the irreversible mental damage that psychoactive drugs often cause.

Also disturbing is Dr Robin Carhart-Harris on addiction: “Depression and addictions rest on reinforced patterns of brain activity, and a psychedelic will reintroduce a relative chaos.” I have met thousands of alcoholics and addicts. I cannot imagine that any would have benefited from the sort of treatment he proposes.

Addiction is deep disorder despite the “patterns” he mentions. Introducing further disorder is likely to be harmful, particularly for those in the early stages of recovery, which is when the “patterns” will still be most detectable.

Daniel De Simone

Ashtead, Surrey

General Sir Richard Shirreff’s observations (“A spineless lack of leadership”, 17 August) about absence of strategy don’t just apply to Iraq. Government has lost the art of statecraft. The Prime Minister is incapable of articulating our national interests in a form suitable for action.

The first thing David Cameron has to do in September, is come to the House and show leadership. Articulate our national interests, give his analysis of the nature of the problem of the Eastern Mediterranean and spell out how all government departments will strategically interact to achieve the desired outcome.

And he needs to do that with words which carry meaning, and plans that can be translated into actions. Our armed forces and our voters have a right to expect strategy and leadership from their Prime Minister.

Gisela Stuart

MP Birmingham Edgbaston, Defence Select Committee

Sarah Kane appears to have been under intolerable stress as a person unqualified to deal with high-risk offenders (“Chris Grayling accused of ‘murdering the probation service'” 17 August). A friend is experiencing the other side of these reforms. In his fifties with 30 years’ experience, he is one of several, similarly aged colleagues being given the sack. He would be pleased to be offered Sarah Kane’s job but, as a qualified professional at the top of his grade, he is probably too expensive. When considered with the simmering unrest in our jails, the falseness of these “economies” becomes alarming.

Sue Organ,

Chichester, West Sussex

King Richard III ate and drank in line with the times in which he lived. Many books and his coronation records state these facts, and are confirmed by this study. The headline “The Richard III diet revealed” (17 August) sounds more of a new Paleo diet rather than revealing the diet of King Richard III.

Joe Ann Ricca

Chief executive/president

The Richard III Foundation

Times:

Deirdre Kelly — ‘White Dee’ from the Channel 4 series Benefits Street — is to speak at the Tory party conference Deirdre Kelly — ‘White Dee’ from the Channel 4 series Benefits Street — is to speak at the Tory party conference

Reward marriage or face being divorced from social harmony

THE revelation of the scale of Britain’s underclass is only the tip of an iceberg that is lurking to shipwreck society (“Rise of new underclass costs £30bn”, News, last week).The impact of family failure is greater than is estimated by Louise Casey, the director-general of the government’s troubled families programme, and could mean every taxpayer paying more than £1,500 each year to pick up the pieces.

The problem can be traced to decades of dilution and dismantling of the value of marriage as the ideal family structure. Research shows that children deprived of their fathers have poorer life outcomes. Even where there is significant conflict in the marriage — except in extreme cases such as domestic violence — family life in a married household is better for the welfare and development of children.

However, the popular wisdom is that divorce in such situations is good for children. The prime minister has fallen for this myth when he says “divorce can sometimes be the best outcome for children”. Such a doctrine is a convenient excuse for parents to get what they want and absolves them of any guilt.

Couples intending to marry should consider a prenuptial agreement that they will seek counselling if they get into difficulty and that divorce will be only for the most serious reasons. The tax system could give real recognition to marriage. We should take measures to guard against the tsunami of social disintegration that is waiting to happen.
Bishop Michael Nazir-Ali Christian Concern,
London W1

WELFARE CULTURE

The underclass problem stems from politicians buying votes with welfare or following a left-liberal agenda. There are howls of protest when there is any attempt to change or reduce welfare.

When I was a child it was a disgrace to go on to welfare — the shame encouraged people to work. Now there is no shame and some are feted as reality TV stars. Are not the Tories having “White Dee” (Deirdre Kelly from Channel 4’s Benefits Street) as a speaker at their party conference?

Those who find work are caught up in the race to the bottom, on minimum wages and zero-hours contracts with yet more welfare.
Graham Thoburn
Nottingham

BROKEN PROMISES

I seem to recall that the Tory promise was for every family to have contact with a family case worker. The issue is not confined to the underclass.
Peter Copping
Manchester

POVERTY TRAP

Presumably the word underclass is only used to describe poor dysfunctional families. There are plenty of rich dysfunctional ones too. This is another attempt to demonise the have-nots.
Barbara Devaney
Nottingham

We must unite to stop the march of Isis

WE ABHOR and reject the ideology and tactics of Isis, the so-called Islamic State. As British citizens we believe its message of hate, violence and evil should not divide us, nor should we allow it to create tensions in UK communities. Britain has a long and proud tradition of peaceful co-existence between people of different racial and religious backgrounds — a tradition that needs to be defended and upheld in these testing times.

We also believe mere condemnation of the actions of this group is not enough. We should all seek to do much more to challenge and discredit its poisonous narrative as well as undermine its propaganda efforts. We should also continue to work with the authorities in order to safeguard our national security and ensure the image of British Muslims, who are by and large upstanding members of society, is not adversely affected by the actions of Isis.

We need to confront the ideology of Isis head on and not be cowed by fears of being deemed politically incorrect or culturally insensitive. Let’s all stand up and be counted in this struggle.
Majid Nawaz, chairman of Quilliam and prospective parliamentary candidate for Hampstead and Kilburn,
Khalid Mahmood MP, Perry Barr, Hafiz Yacoob al-Naqshbandi, Sara Khan,
co-director of Inspire, imam and Labour councillor (Luton), Dr Sheikh Irfan Allawi, executive director of Islamic Heritage Foundation, Zafar Choudary, the Azad Society, Fiyaz Mugha
l, director of Faith Matters, Paul Salahuddin Armstrong, director of the Association of British Muslims, Iram Ramzan, women’s rights activist, Tehmina Kazi, director of British Muslims for Secular Democracy, Gita Sahgal, executive director of Centre for Secular Space, Azhar Ali, prospective parliamentary candidate for Pendle, Saif Rehman, founder of Humanist Muslim and Cultural Muslim Association, Sheikh Musa Admani, imam of City University, Iram Ramzan, women’s rights activist, Hazel Blears MP, former secretary of state for communities and local government, Peter Tatchell, human rights campaigner

MILITARY FORCE

I differ from Tom Holland (“Eternal empire of the sword”, News Review, last week) in his opinion that ultimate victory over Isis cannot be secured militarily. This may be so but I cannot see how it can be done by an appeal to reason. One is dealing with an entity brainwashed into a medieval mindset by an extreme ideology.

If Isis is allowed to propagate itself, the consequences could be dire, certainly for the Middle East. We are partially responsible for the Iraq debacle and one hopes that arming the Kurds will enable some containment.
Brian Hardy
Gravesend, Kent

BEYOND REASON

In return for a show of piety Islamic fundamentalism gives these people a licence to murder and plunder. For sociopathic types this is the point of their faith.

Reasoning, even with the Koran in hand, will not change a thing. They are lusting after power — and pointing it out is not going to turn them into peaceniks.

As such, Islamic extremism can only be crushed. My belief is that real Muslims — those inspired to charity and love by their religion — want us to crush it even more than we want to see it crushed.
San Toi
London
N10

PIQUE OIL

In your article “Sniper hid in bin to take deadly aim” (Focus, last week) you state: “Some officials estimate that Isis raises £2.7m a day selling oil from the dozens of fields under its control in Syria and Iraq.”

How is it selling this oil? Via what pipelines and what ships? Someone must know about this. Why is it being allowed to happen and who is making the profits, apart
from Isis?
Dr Ian Clements
Hove, East Sussex

FRIEND OR FOE

Now America is bombing Isis, which is President Bashar al-Assad’s enemy, are we on Assad’s side along with Russia?
Kay Bagon
Radlett, Hertfordshire

It’s wrong to woo students with hand-outs

YOUR article “‘Bring a friend, earn £200’ — universities battle for students” (News, last week) highlights the lengths some institutions are going to in order to balance their books as they are forced to become commercial operations. Yet this recruitment jamboree is masking many problems. How many of these new applicants will pay back their student loans, for instance?

Perhaps more worrying is the growth of mental health problems that universities are expected, but are often struggling, to manage. Some of the young people enticed by the prospect of a few years of partying funded by their loans are already known to have significant psychological problems; indeed they are encouraged to disclose them in order to gain more financial support.

Others may arrive relatively healthy but fragile, enrolled on courses that they have little interest in and that will place academic demands on them different from anything they have experienced. This, combined with cheap alcohol provision and easy access to all manner of other substances, is for some a lethal combination.

Who is picking up the pieces? University counselling services do a fantastic job but cannot possibly cope with the increasing numbers of mentally troubled young people. The financial cost of student loans never repaid is likely to be the least of our problems. We owe it to our school-leavers not to entice them into an academic world for which many may not be prepared on the promise of cash or an iPad.
Kate Dunn, retired university counsellor

Points

ADDED ATTRACTION

Congratulations to Carol Vorderman, one of my favourite women, for championing female mathematicians (“The disproving of sexism’s last theorem”, News Review, last week). At school I was head boy and excelled at science and maths, and was only beaten once at the latter — and that by a mere girl.
John McCall
By email

WOMEN OUTNUMBERED

The brains of men and women are differently constructed. One or two remarkable women are not proof that women can think like men. In most cases quite minor talents are exaggerated in order to support a fallacy. Vorderman studied engineering but did not practise it. She made her career in something that was more congenial for her, doing elementary arithmetic quickly. In spite of her assertion to the contrary, it remains a fact that men are better at maths then women.
T Aldridge
Taunton, Somerset

MARINE CONSTERNATION

Congratulations to Charles Clover for his robust article “Marine fish farming will kill jobs and glorious Hemingway moments” (Comment, last week). We have for years campaigned against open-net fish farms along the Scottish coast and there is a wealth of peer-reviewed scientific evidence on the negative impacts of the practice on wild salmon and sea trout populations. It beggars belief that government-funded bodies should therefore be supporting a move into open- net aquaculture in southwest England tidal waters without first being assured that the impacts of sea lice infestation on wild fish, escaped stock and the polluting effects of this method of production on local marine ecosystems have been addressed.
Richard Garner Williams
Salmon and Trout Association
Cardiff

OUT FOR THE COUNTY

Harry Mount’s article regarding the Duke and Duchess of Cambridge’s move to Anmer Hall (“Royal flush”, Home, last week) does not seem to have been well informed about Norfolk. Despite repeating the famous Noël Coward line, much of the county is not flat. If you want a county that’s flat, Cambridgeshire is a much better bet.

Second, the comment about Norfolk having little tactical advantage and thus no Norman castles apart from the one in Norwich is wrong. What about the castle keep at Castle Rising on the outskirts of King’s Lynn built after 1138 by an Anglo-Norman nobleman? Or the ruins and impressive earthworks at Castle Acre, built by William de Warenne, who came over with William the Conqueror.
Peter Webber
King’s Lynn, Norfolk

SOMETHING AMIS

Just when I thought The Sunday Times was over its fixation with Ted Hughes, Philip Larkin and the overly self-regarding Martin Amis, we were hit with “I’ve done all the agonising” (Culture, last week). The coverage of Amis over the decades far outweighs his talent, and if he garners the same amount as the other two when he is gone, heaven help us.
Andrew Burdon
Stone, Staffordshire

Corrections and clarifications

In the article “It’s all bowing, scraping and undies plots — the glitzy life of a jihadist Wag” (News, last week) we referred to Lord Sugar in an article about Amal El-Wahabi, who was convicted for asking a friend to smuggle money to Syria at the demand of her husband, a fighter there. By stating that “even Lord Sugar doesn’t treat women as badly as this”, we did not intend to suggest that he does treat women badly or in a comparable way. We apologise to him for any distress caused.

Complaints about inaccuracies in all sections of The Sunday Times, including online, should be addressed to editor@sunday-times.co.uk or The Editor, The Sunday Times, 1 London Bridge Street, London SE1 9GF. In addition, the Press Complaints Commission (complaints@pcc.org.uk or 020 7831 0022) examines formal complaints about the editorial content of UK newspapers and magazines (and their websites)

Birthdays

Kenny Baker, actor (R2-D2), 80; AS Byatt, novelist, 78; Paulo Coelho, novelist, 67; Simon Dennis, rower, 38; Stephen Fry, writer, 57; Rupert Grint, actor, 26; Steve Guttenberg, actor, 56; Jean Michel Jarre, musician, 66; Linton Kwesi Johnson, poet, 62; Alexander McCall Smith, novelist, 66; Sam Torrance, golfer, 61

Anniversaries

AD79 Vesuvius erupts, wiping out Pompeii; 1814 British troops torch the White House; 1875 Captain Matthew Webb begins first cross-Channel swim; 1990 Islamic Jihad releases writer Brian Keenan after holding him hostage in Lebanon for more than four years; 1991 Ukraine declares independence

Telegraph:

Riveting yet elegaic: ‘The Honourable Woman’, with Maggie Gyllenhaal as Nessa Stein  Photo: Des Willie

6:58AM BST 23 Aug 2014

CommentsComments

SIR – Having endured the very slow-moving The Honourable Woman for weeks, I feel a massive relief it’s all over, and gone are the long pauses and poses of the main actors. But I still can’t decide if I enjoyed it or not.

Allan J Eyre
Middlesbrough

SIR – Dan Hodges says that the BBC licence fee does not represent value for money. My wife and I have had a wonderful year watching Wimbledon, the Commonwealth Games and amazing dramas such as The Honourable Woman. We would gladly pay treble the fee for these delights.

James Ingram
Sandhurst, Berkshire

SIR – In these days of catch-up, those of us watching earlier episodes of The Honourable Woman didn’t really want to know from television reviewers the storyline of the penultimate episode, with the spoiler about the British agent.

The Government should not allow Bercow’s choice for the new Clerk to the Commons to prevail

Department of Parliamentary Services secretary Carol Mills

Department of Parliamentary Services secretary Carol Mills Photo: REX

6:59AM BST 23 Aug 2014

CommentsComments

SIR – William Hague thinks that it would be “quite extraordinary” for the Government to block the Speaker’s recommendation for the post of Clerk to the Commons.

Surely it is even more extraordinary for John Bercow, the present Speaker, to recommend an unqualified candidate? The last Labour government had no hesitation in overriding constitutional traditions when it suited them. One would have hoped that this Government might have bent the traditional modus operandi of leaving this to the Speaker, in order to protect the well-established workings of the House of Commons.

Quentin Skinner
Warminster, Wiltshire

SIR – Thank goodness for Baroness Boothroyd, the former Speaker, and her efforts to insist that the next Clerk to the Commons should have appropriate constitutional expertise.

In a country without a written constitution such expertise is vitally important. To give a hopefully hypothetical example, imagine trying to cope with the fallout from a Yes vote in Scotland without the kind of able advice provided by Sir Robert Rogers and his predecessors.

Wendy Matthews
Bristol

SIR – Can we not find a British candidate instead of head-hunting in Australia? Or would that be considered xenophobic?

Duncan Rayner
Sunningdale, Berkshire

Japan on our side

SIR – Japan declared war on Germany on August 23 1914. A Japanese flotilla based at Malta gave the Royal Navy much assistance with anti-U boat patrols, escorting British troopships in the Mediterranean and rescuing many British soldiers whose ships had been attacked.

Their contribution should be recognised at this time of remembrance.

Major David Finnie (rtd)
Kennett, Cambridgeshire

Opera buffoon

SIR – I remember that at a dress rehearsal at Glyndebourne an alarm clock went off in the stalls and the curtain had to be brought down (Letters, August 21). I am still wondering why anyone would take an alarm clock into an opera.

Diana Crook
Seaford, East Sussex

Border control fiasco

SIR – Alasdair Palmer writes that an “e-border” control system will not work when a border official mis-types someone’s name.

There is no typing involved. A passport is identified by a bar code. A machine similar to the one at the supermarket checkout records the identity of the passport coming in or going out. The official should also check that the passport was issued to the person carrying it. If it is a British passport the bar code reader can summon to the official’s computer screen the photograph taken when the passport was issued. This should correspond both to the photograph printed on the passport and to the person’s facial features.

How a person chooses to spell his or her name is immaterial. The machinery only has to work a few hundred thousand times a day: a trivial number compared with the transactions of a supermarket or a bank.

Philip Roe
St Albans, Hertfordshire

SIR – Alasdair Palmer refers to the millions of pounds lost by the Government through the cancellation of computer programs that do not work as intended.

From my own experience, I have found that the reason this occurs is that those in charge of such projects insist on having a new program written especially for the particular job.

There is nothing particularly complicated about recording when visitors enter Britain, how long they stay and when they leave. However the writing of a new computer program means using millions of lines of instructions, and it takes a long time to “debug” them.

That is why they fail. In any case, most of the requirements that the client thinks he or she will need are, in fact, unnecessary.

Tony Silverman
Edgware, Middlesex

Uncaring care homes

SIR – Perhaps Norman Lamb, the care minister, should visit my mother. He would see that her room in a new purpose-built care home is filled with her possessions and “homely”.

However, on closer inspection he’d notice that she needs a bath or shower, that her teeth are probably not clean, the bedclothes need changing, the room needs a good clean and her own clothes need a good wash. I know exactly where the focus needs to be in our care homes, and it is not on the furnishings.

Elizabeth Leeman
Rickmansworth, Hertfordshire

Hung up on 111

SIR – You report that the Government wishes to encourage us to dial 111 for medical problems that do not require treatment in hospital.

Before doing so, it would be good to be told the percentage of callers who ring off before they get to the end of the incredibly onerous set of questions demanded by the current 111 call centre operators.

Chris Fairgrieve
Fordingbridge, Hampshire

Clean fight

SIR – I have just purchased a pack of “Ultimate Cleaning Cloths” from my local DIY store. On the pack it states “Warning:do not use as any sort of weapon.”

While I realise it would be breaking this sound health and safety advice, perhaps the world’s superpowers could rid themselves of their nuclear arsenals and stockpile dishcloths instead. They were only 50p for a pack of three.

Martin Horsfall
Newick, East Sussex

Blame the EU for dog hairs on the carpet

SIR – I read with consternation that the EU has now ruled that we can only purchase ineffective vacuum cleaners. Two things come to mind: first, many EU countries are in warm climes and do not have carpets; and secondly I have two heavy-coated dogs, so a powerful vacuum cleaner is a necessity.

If I am forced to buy a weak vacuum cleaner I will spend much more time using it, with a negative impact on carbon emission reduction.

Celia Smith
Lymm, Cheshire

SIR – As a retired chartered engineer, I am perplexed by the EU Commission’s edict that vacuum cleaners will have their maximum power output cut drastically.

Let’s say cleaning a bedroom carpet requires the energy expenditure of 100 kWh. With my present machine of 2kw that’ll take me three minutes. A machine of half the power will take twice as long but with the same energy expenditure.

With vacuum-cleaner technology already at its innovation horizon what do the EU Commissioners have in mind? The abolition of dust?

Seamus Hamill-Keays
Llansantffraed, Breconshire

SIR – The thinking behind the ban on vacuum cleaners in excess of 1600W is as flawed as that which required the reduction in volume of modern lavatory cisterns to save water. Without going into detail, most people appreciate that it is now often necessary to flush a lavatory twice, thereby using more water not less.

Tim Lemon
Irby, Wirral

A video of American jounalist James Foley’s execution at the hands of Islamic State militants was released on Tuesday Photo: Steven Senne/AP

7:00AM BST 23 Aug 2014

CommentsComments

SIR – If the Islamist jihadist who carried out the brutal act of beheading James Foley is British, then his family and friends in Britain must already know his identity.

If they truly want to be part of a peaceful British society then they must declare his identity to the authorities, as should the family and friends of others fighting for Isil.

Brian Higgins
Eastbourne, East Sussex

SIR – I am not convinced that the answer to the problem of young Muslim men being converting to the Islamist cause lies with outsiders. These men have been nurtured within a Muslim society in their homes and mosques.

If Muslim communities abhor the atrocities committed in the name of their religion, why do they not preach hellfire and damnation loudly all over the world so that the jihadist young men have no doubt they are rejected by their own people?

23 Aug 2014

Joyce Chadwick
Stratford-upon-Avon, Warwickshire

SIR – Over-optimism is always foolish but so is excessive pessimism. The Islamic State has had sweeping recent success. But it is flawed for the long term in three areas.

All successful movements of this kind have had a protector state: the Vietcong, North Vietnam; the Taliban, Pakistan; al-Qaeda, Afghanistan. The Islamic State is surrounded by enemies: Turkey, Kurdistan, Shia Iraq, Kuwait, Saudi Arabia, Jordan and Syria. It has no nation-state friends.

It has attracted the weird, sadistic, insane, greedy – all fair-weather friends. How many will stick around when defeat and death become almost guaranteed?

It has stolen Iraqi currency and weapons, but these will run out. It cannot manufacture to replace losses.

It has not yet really met the terrible destructive force and accuracy of Western air power. This can and must be rectified without delay.

Frederick Forsyth
Beaconsfield, Buckinghamshire

SIR – While the West is reluctant to put boots on the ground, will Iran stand and watch if the holiest Shia shrines of Najaf and Karbala in Iraq are attacked by Islamic State fighters? What is our view about Iranian forces occupying Iraq?

Bob Whittington
Frant, East Sussex

SIR – Britain 100 years ago faced an avalanche of asylum seekers. More than 200,000 Belgians fled the German army. Many would not have spoken English; many were Catholics. Local councils were encouraged to form committees to find accommodation. In Bristol, a train-load of refugees was welcomed by a crowd.

The people of Syria are an ancient and civilised society, and themselves provided asylum for Christian Armenians in the last century. We should be deeply ashamed if we cannot do as much again for those who flee from tyranny in our time.

John Littler
Bristol

Irish Times:

Irish Independent:

Madam – I was privileged to be among the congregation at a Mass held in the Pro-Cathedral in Dublin on the first Sunday in August marking the 100th anniversary of the outbreak of World War I.

It was heartening to hear Archbishop Diarmuid Martin refer to those Irish men (his uncle was one) as “having fought with great courage in the defence of an ideal”.

Foreign Minister Charlie Flanagan, who also attended, correctly said afterwards that it was “most regrettable” that the Irish war dead were “airbrushed from history”.

Sadly there is another cohort of Irish men who “fought with great courage” for the same ideal – the promise of Home Rule and devolved government – and who are still “airbrushed from history”.

They served the community faithfully in the decades leading up to independence, as the record will justly testify, until they found themselves suddenly on the wrong side of history. The record shows that over 500 members of the RIC and 14 members of the DMP died violently between 1916 and 1922.

The writer Sean O Faolain, whose father Denis Whelan served with the RIC in Cork City, said of this bloody period: “Men like my father were dragged out in those years and shot – so be it. Shot to inspire terror – so be it. But they were not traitors – they had their loyalties and they stuck to them.”

However despite our lobbying efforts over several years, there seems to be no apparent appetite among our politicians to have a memorial erected to these men or even to have an official commemoration for them, a matter of major disappointment to their legions of descendants (85,000 men served in the RIC and the predecessor force).

Nonetheless our small ad hoc group of retired gardai has taken up the cudgels where official Ireland has failed. We will be holding our second annual interdenominational commemoration service at the church of St Paul of the Cross, Mount Argus, Dublin 6 next Saturday, August 30, at 2.30pm. All are welcome, especially anyone who had relatives in either force.

Gerard Lovett,

Hon Sec RIC/DMP 
Commemoration Committee,

Knocklyon, Dublin 16

Women change, men don’t

Madam – How long is Rosanna Davison married?

A couple of months at a guess – and now she is an expert on relationships. Good for her if she is able to get around the daily domestic grind without having to nag her husband to put out the rubbish when he is in his “man cave”. She picks up his towels and socks. Will she still be doing this when she is cleaning up after the kids? It’s hard to train an old dog new tricks.

In today’s modern world I thought it was all about compromise and sharing the domestic duties.

While it’s lovely to spoil our menfolk, I would tread carefully A woman marries a man expecting he will change – but he doesn’t. A man marries a woman expecting she won’t change – and she does.

Mary McKenna

Maddoxtown,

Co Kilkenny

What will Rosanna say in 40 years?

Madam – We are 40 years married this month, so I was amused to read Rosanna Davison’s recipe for a happy marriage after only a few months!

Perhaps you could ask her again in 40 years.

Patricia Keeley,

Dublin 6W

Few agree on the size of the pay gap

Madam – Your report last weekend (Sunday Independent 17 August 2014) wrongly claimed that there is a huge gap between public and private sector pay, and failed to explain the moderate gap that really exists.

The report didn’t mention that the CSO figures it quoted do not include the so-called public service ‘pension levy,’ which reduces public service incomes by an average 7.5pc.

Neither did it mention the CSO’s disclaimer that its comparisons of public and private ‘average’ pay are not comparisons of rewards for the same or similar jobs. That’s because they don’t take account of responsibilities, qualifications, experience or educational attainment, all of which are higher on average in the public than the private sector.

Economists and other researchers disagree on the size and significance of the public-private pay gap. The most balanced study of recent years was done by the CSO in 2012. It looked at ways of calculating the gap and concluded that, depending on how it’s measured, it could be as little as zero or as much as 12pc once the pension levy is factored in.

Recent pay increases in many parts of the private sector – which are both welcome and overdue – are no doubt narrowing the gap. But there is no divide between public and private sector workers.

Pay increases are badly needed in all sectors of the economy, both to improve dented living standards and to support the fragile recovery by getting people spending in the local economy again.

Bernard Harbor

Head of Communications

IMPACT trade union

Dublin 1.

No reliable data on public/private pay

Madam- The report you carried in last week’s Sunday Independent by Daniel McConnell, on the so-called salary gap between private and public sector workers, represents the worst kind of stoop down low journalism. Of course, by referring to CSO figures, you claim some form of divine legitimacy. Can I respond?

The CSO, along with the ERSI, are government funded and ultimately government controlled bodies. The ERSI in particular disgraced itself during the Celtic-bubble years by cheer-leading the illusory economic miracle. We have no independent, economic data gathering body.

On the direct matter you addressed last week: what does the CSO, and the Sunday Independent mean, by “private”?

Does this refer to the profits generated by multi-national companies and taken from this country by millionaire and billionaire owners and shareholders?

Does it refer to privately employed people that have a large range of perfectly legitimate means of avoiding taxation?

Do you consider that a publicly employed and highly trained doctor or nurse should be compared to a minimally trained person who works on a till in Aldi, or a person that serves coffee in one of the notoriously tax avoidant international coffee chains?

When one factors in the reality that private industry in Ireland is lightly taxed (to put it mildly), and that public sector workers, as well as suffering swingeing pay cuts, have no means of avoiding tax, the reality is we are very much worse off than the private sector as a whole.

As a public sector worker I would love to pay a notional 12pc of my income in tax, and would then gladly pay an accountant to assist me bring that 12pc down to 5pc, as so many private sector companies do here.

So, please Sunday Independent, play fair and stop promoting hatred of public workers, we aren’t the enemy you insist on making us out to be.

Declan Doyle

Lisdowney, Kilkenny

We should listen 
to McCarthy

Madam – In his article of August 17, Colm McCarthy warns us that “with debt still rising, pay hike talks are unnerving”. He is also giving us the sobering advice that “it will be at least a decade before the public purse can bear pay increases – not before.”

He may be a pain in the face but Colm McCarthy has the unhappy knack of being right.

Way back during the tiger years he was one of the few who warned of the dangers of the policies that were being followed then. In contrast to his warnings the message from media in general during the boom could be summed up by saying that everything is getting better and better and we should not pay too much attention to “whingers”.

Well, Colm McCarthy was one of the whingers back a decade ago or more – and how right he was. He is now telling us that we had what he calls a “Demolition Derby for budgetary prudence” before elections during the boom. We are paying for that now in austerity.

Despite the austerity, however, he tells us that “outstanding debt” as a percentage of national income is “a whopping 140pc”.

That may be unnerving and we may not like it but we cannot say we were not warned – for a second time.

A Leavy,

Sutton,

Dublin 13

Senator disagrees with Harris view

Madam – It is regrettable that former Senator Eoghan Harris, in his Sunday Independent column, chose to tackle the speaker and not the substance when I called on the Government to clarify, if the view of a former Taoiseach – that the 1916 Rising was “completely unnecessary” – was also the current Government position.

This statement by John Bruton has upset the relatives and descendants of those who struggled and many who died to achieve the ideals of the Proclamation – “equal rights and equal opportunities, civil and religious liberties” – certainly aims worth achieving and not at all “unnecessary”.

As to the unwarranted attack by your columnist on me, I will have to borrow a quote from your letter of the week last week – one of the over 250,000 descendants of the Easter Rising, and someone who was also insulted by your columnist. “To be insulted by you is to be garlanded with lilies’

Senator Mark Daly,

Leinster House,

Kildare St, Dublin 2

Let’s cut out the name-calling

Madam – I agree with your correspondent, Donal Lynch’s implication that the State broadcaster should not have to provide “the alternative perspective” every time gay marriage is discussed on the air in any programme.

Personally I feel that marriage is between a man and a woman and that gay marriage is a step too far. I certainly agree to civil partnerships to protect the rights of gay couples.

I object strongly to your correspondent’s description of myself and others with the same feelings as anti-marriage cranks. If in the future an anti- gay marriage discussion takes place and there are gay people who object if an “alternative perspective” is not provided, will your correspondent describe them as pro-marriage cranks?

James Purcell,

Balbriggan, Co Dublin

Brendan made me think of home

Madam – I loved Brendan O’Connor’s newsletter from West Cork. Here I am working hard in Pittsburgh, and could definitely be brought back to West Cork and Bishopstown and Innishannon and Baltimore.

One of these days we will take a trip home again.

Thanks for sharing it.

Dorothy Murray,

Pittsburgh, USA.

Thanks Brendan for the memories

Madam – Coming from Cork, a native of Cloughduv, my homeplace is not very far from Brendan O’Connor’s route from Bandon into Innishannon.

I have lived in Melbourne for the last six years and long for Cork and the trappings of summer. Brendan has described the trip to the mother’s place perfectly, and in the process made me very homesick. I want to thank him for this article and all the other great articles he writes.

The only thing missing from the article was the Bandon butter on the homemade bread with coleslaw to make it a true heart attack on the plate.

For a son of Colaiste an Spioraid Naoimh, he has a terribly good way with the English language!

Ronan Creedon,

Melbourne,

Australia

Niamh’s critics missed the point

Madam – I am writing in defence of Niamh Horan and the article she recently wrote about women’s rugby (Sunday Independent August 10).

What happened afterwards, mostly on Twitter was a storm in a teacup. People took offence with some of the imagery used in the article, for example, “these are not butch, masculine, beer-swilling, men-hating women.”

Anyone with cop-on can see 
this statement for what it is: a 
light-hearted poke at cliched beliefs that a minority of people hold about women who partake in this sport.

Sometimes the best way to expose the use of language in this way is to bring it into the open as Niamh has done and let people see how ridiculous it is. In this age of politically correct speech we can sometimes lose the run of ourselves and throw the baby out with the bath water.

I enjoyed the article and am delighted to read in her follow-up piece that she is not for turning despite the brouhaha created by people on social media who more than likely have little else to do with their time. To quote her from last Sunday, “no matter how big the wall of opposition becomes, never ever back down from being true to who you are.”

Keep up the good work Niamh and I look forward to future articles where at least you get down and dirty in your research unlike many of the armchair naysayers,

Tommy Roddy,

Galway

Niamh’s advice is appreciated

Madam – Niamh Horan, in response to the women’s rugby controversy, wrote last weekend (Sunday Independent, August17, 2014) the following: “During our encounter, the rugby players taught me about physical strength, so I can now return the favour in moral strength.

“No matter how big the wall of opposition becomes, never ever back down from being true to who you are. I would rather be hated for what I am, than liked for what I’m pretending to be”

Very wise words from this young lady. Bravo Niamh! Bravo!

Brian Mc Devitt,

Glenties, Co Donegal

Niamh’s column a welcome relief

Madam – Kudos to Niamh Horan (August 17) for her robust (and humorous) rebuke to the online antagonists who railed against her following an article published in the previous week’s paper – a light-hearted piece on a day spent training with the Railway Union women’s rugby team.

It escaped the attention of many that the article was about women who happened to play rugby and not about the game itself; the clue – it wasn’t in the sports section.

The Sunday Independent is the most diverse newspaper in the Irish market, with its broad range of news stories and opinion pieces. Niamh’s column brings a welcome relief from some of the more depressing news from across the globe. She has also shown pluck as a reporter such as when she confronted Priory Hall developer Tom McFeely after a chance encounter while on holiday.

I suspect that many of the self-righteous, self-appointed guardians of political correctness use their spare time scanning newspapers looking for offence.

As for me, next week after reading about some outrage or other, I will relax and read Niamh’s column.

John Bellew,

Dunleer, Co Louth

Attack on Niamh was ‘bizarre’

Madam – It is difficult not to be utterly bemused by the bizarre storm in a thimble that blew up in response to Niamh Horan’s light-hearted piece (Aug 10) about a day spent with a women’s rugby team.

As for those who have reacted so negatively to Ms Horan’s article, they have done themselves no favours and have made themselves look ridiculous in the eyes of people of common sense – maybe no bad thing.

Congratulations to the team on their outstanding achievement in defeating New Zealand, generally considered to be one of the world’s best.

Hugh Gibney,

Athboy,

Co Meath

Sunday Independent



Cold

$
0
0

25 August 2014 Cold

I jog around the park I still have arthritis in my left knee, but I manage to get round the park. A wettish day. I sort out thirty books from Marcus

Scrabble: I win, but get under 400. perhaps Mary will win tomorrow.

111 Games Mary win 58 John 54

Obituary:

Simin Behbahani – obituary

Simin Behbahani was a poet known as the ‘Lioness of Iran’ whose subversive verse was banned

Simin Behbahani in 2007

Simin Behbahani in 2007 Photo: AP

7:03PM BST 24 Aug 2014

CommentsComments

Simin Behbahani, who has died aged 87, was widely considered to be the greatest living Persian language poet, known throughout the Middle East and much of the world as the “Lioness of Iran”.

She was credited with introducing modern themes into traditional verse forms like the ghazal, a Persian sonnet form distinguishable by its rhyming couplets and lilting lyrics. Traditionally, the ghazal featured a male poet addressing a woman. In Simin Behbahani’s poetry, the roles were reversed and she developed classical forms to explore everyday events and address social and political issues, including women’s and minority rights and freedom of expression.

She won numerous international awards both for her campaigning and her verse, and was nominated for the Nobel Prize in Literature in 1999 and 2002. As a result she was blacklisted by Iranian hardliners and denounced as subversive.

Simin Behbahani began writing poetry under the regime of Shah Mohammad Reza Pahlavi, dealing with such matters as poverty, orphans and corruption, reflecting her lifelong concern with the marginalised and outcast. But the ghazal form was out of fashion; most of her poet contemporaries in Iran had embraced modern free-verse forms and some claimed the old genre was dead.

Her most popular poem, My Country, I Will Build You Again, was published soon after the 1979 Islamic revolution and expressed the optimism of those who thought they had witnessed a “democratic” revolution: “My country, I will build you again,/ If need be, with bricks made from my life”. But from the early stages Simin Behbahani was sceptical. “I realised changes were not going in the right direction,” she recalled.

When others woke up to the fact that the Islamic Revolution of 1979 had failed to deliver on its promises, people began to turn back to the old forms of poetry. As a result, Simin Behbahani, who had been largely ignored by the authorities under the Shah, began to attract the attention of the Islamic police.

Her work was banned for 10 years after the revolution and she became the target of harassment. Yet, oddly, for most of that time she was allowed considerable freedom to travel, and she made several tours of the United States.

This freedom, too, was curtailed, however, after the popular protests that followed President Mahmoud Ahmadinejad’s disputed election victory in 2009, when she appeared before both the Iranian and Western media to read two new poems, one commemorating the slain student protester Neda Agha-Soltan and the other denouncing Ahmadinejad without naming him: “If the flames of anger arise any higher in this land, your name on your tombstone will be covered with dirt,” she wrote. “You have become a babbling loudmouth, your insolent ranting, something to joke about.”

In March 2010 the 82-year-old Simin Behbahani, by now almost blind, was detained at Tehran airport as she prepared to board a flight for Paris to attend an International Women’s Day conference and led away by Iranian security officers, who confiscated her passport and interrogated her for several hours.

She was born Simin Khalili in Tehran on July 20 1927 into a family of intellectuals. Her father was a newspaper editor, her mother a poet and French teacher.

She studied law at Tehran University in the 1950s and later took the surname of her first husband, Behbahani, which she kept after their separation and her second marriage.

Simin Behbahani served for many years as president of the Iranian Writers’ Association. She received the Simone De Beauvoir Prize for Women’s Freedom in recognition of her involvement in the “One Million Signatures” campaign for the repeal of discriminatory laws against women in Iran.

Simin Behbahani’s husband predeceased her. She is survived by two sons and a daughter.

Simin Behbahani, born July 20 1927, died August 19 2014

Guardian:

Your prescient analysis of Britain’s constitutional future (Answering the English question, Editorial, 22 August) points unmistakably to an eventual full-blown federation of the four UK nations, each (including England) with its own parliament and government, and guarantees in the written federal constitution against interference by federal Westminster, or by England, in the internal affairs of the three smaller nations. However, you then fail to reach that obvious conclusion, apparently blown off course by the idea of splitting England into regions for federal purposes, which for many reasons (including strong English objections) is a nonstarter.

Like many other commentators, including the otherwise far-sighted Gordon Brown, you seem to see the disproportionate size of England as an obstacle to federation. But it’s precisely that which makes a federal system essential if the union is to survive. England’s dominance of the UK and interference in Scotland’s domestic affairs, even after partial devolution, have brought the UK to the brink of disintegration. If the union survives 18 September, we need to move gradually towards full internal self-government for all four nations and limitations on the powers of a federal parliament and government, on the pattern of many successful western federal democracies from the US and Australia to Germany and Switzerland. As you rightly say, a constitutional convention will be an excellent first step.
Brian Barder
London

• Tam Dalyell was right in 1977 just as John Redwood is right today. The present Westminster parliament, with or without MPs representing Scotland, needs reforming. As someone who favours a federal solution, I acknowledge how difficult it would be to establish effective regional government in England because many people are not sure where they belong. Lincolnshire, where I have lived for nearly 40 years, is a prime example. Why not therefore establish a parliament for England? But where should it be? You can see the bids rushing in.

So why not give our present parliament a dual function? It could be where MPs from Northern Ireland, Wales, England and possibly Scotland come together to debate and pass legislation that affects us all, defence being an obvious area, while reserving time for MPs representing English constituencies to legislate on matters affecting England alone.

It would also be worth considering at the same time devolving more power to local government in England, including the replacement of the remaining two-tier structures by unitary authorities, which, I believe, has already happened in the other parts of the UK, and a root and branch reform of local government finance. It’s still not too late.
John Marriott
North Hykeham, Lincolnshire

• An English parliament would be disastrous for the north, leaving us even more marginalised by London and the south-east. I’m puzzled by the apparent breadth of support for an all-England parliament suggested by the Edinburgh and Cardiff University study you refer to. Up here there is growing interest in having devolved government for the north – and I detect little anti-Scots sentiment. Quite the opposite, with some suggesting that if Scotland votes yes they might like to consider moving the border a hundred miles further south!
Professor Paul Salveson
Huddersfield

• Derek Wyatt (Letters, 21 August) is right to say that the UK should now become a federal state, but it should have six members, not four: England north of the Wash; “Saxland”, south of the Wash; the federal territory of London; Scotland; Wales; and Northern Ireland. A federation would be inherently unstable with one member (England as currently defined) having 84% of the population, and the government’s standard English regions have been rejected by the voters. Cameron should have offered the Scots the option of being part of a federal Britain.
Robert Craig
Weston-super-Mare

• The political units formed in Anglo-Saxon times offer a possible federalist framework: Northumbria, Mercia, Wessex and so on.
Philip Wood
Kidlington, Oxfordshire

• Let’s us hear less of an English parliament and more about how localities can be empowered. We will need a constitutional convention post-referendum if Scotland votes yes, but let it also address how areas of England can run their own affairs instead of continuing to be ordered around by Whitehall. Proper constitutional status is needed, and our own powers to raise monies. And if the Scottish people vote no, we will still need a constitutional convention to grant additional powers to Scotland. But it could also address the same issue for English localities.
Vicky Seddon
Sheffield

• As somebody born and brought up in Manchester, the thoughts of an English assembly leave me cold. England is so much less than the sum of its parts. Growing up I always identified with the north with such programs as the Northcountryman on the North Home Service. I am indeed first a Northerner, then perhaps British. I have never associated myself with England except perhaps in enjoyment of Vaughan Williams, Holst and Delius. To me the English are the softies down south. My solution is devo max to the north country (and to others within England).
Peter Swinbank
Cardiff

• What we English need is not so much a parliament for England as parliaments for each of the great English regions. And what the Scots need is not to escape from the UK, but the same as the rest of us: to escape from the grasp of London, with a major downsizing of the UK government machine at Westminster. Which we could seek better together.
Tony Ridge
York

Inventor James Dyson with one of his vacuum cleaners: his company is seeking judicial review of the

Reducing energy consumption is one matter, changing Newtonian physics quite another (Most powerful vacuum cleaner models banned, 22 August). If two vacuum cleaners have identical mechanical efficiency, but one is twice as powerful as the other, the more powerful cleaner will pick up more dust.

The new EU rules on wattage will simply extend the time required to remove the same amount of dust, or leave rooms dirtier. If they banned powerful kettles, we’d take longer to make tea.

For people with dust allergies, the outlook is grim. There will be more dust in their houses, and more cost to their purses as they have to change bags more often. Bagless vacuum cleaners, with dusty, dirty emptying, are not an option for the very allergic.

It would be good to see other manufacturers join forces with James Dyson in seeking the judicial review of this legislation that he intends to obtain. The grounds for such a review patently exist. The EU’s ecodesign requirements state that they “should not affect functionality from the end-user’s perspective”, which they will; and “should not negatively affect health, safety or the environment”.

Isn’t it better to introduce good testing and labelling so that we can choose more easily between products?
Nigel Pollitt
London

• I wonder when in the interests of climate change the EU will get round to banning the most powerful cars?

Ah, I forgot, only little people push vacuums around.
Martin Jeeves
Cardiff

Oliver Letwin, minister of government policy: an enthusiastic privatiser since the 1970s. Photograph

Channel 4’s David Abraham is naive to imagine that “US entities” are not queuing up to privatise institutions such as the NHS and public service broadcasting (A gold rush that threatens television’s risk-takers, 22 August).

The Transatlantic Trade and Investment Partnership (TTIP) is merely the logical extension of Nicholas Ridley’s 1977 report, devised for the Thatcher shadow cabinet and supported by Keith Joseph and the Institute for Economic Affairs, which recommended a policy of breaking up the public sector and castrating unions. Ridley’s present champions within the Conservative party include Oliver Letwin and John Redwood, who when working for NM Rothschild bank’s international privatisation department laid plans for the Social Security Act in 1988, the same year Letwin published his book, Privatising the World. Letwin, now minister of government policy, has overseen the health secretary’s work since 2010. Cameron’s links with News International have been well documented and exposed in this newspaper. It’s not just “creative freedom and independence” that are at stake.
David Murray
Wallington, Surrey

• Those of us who share your letter writers’ concern (Where’s the outrage over trade deal? 22 August) that TTIP will be a device to secure the permanent predominance of international capitalism over elected democracies need look no further the same day’s business pages, where we were told that Bank of America had “agreed” to pay a record $16bn fine over the sale of flawed mortgages (Report, 22 August)). I look forward to the day when my local paper reports that Joe Bloggs has “agreed” to pay his speeding fine. That one word already establishes, before any TTIP announcement, the true nature of relations between states and corporations.
Ted Woodgate
Billericay, Essex

• The outrage is being channelled by 38Degrees into protests throughout the country on 30 August (ttipaction@38degrees.org.uk.)
Eddie Dougall
Bury St Edmunds, Suffolk

A dandelion seed head: the plant has dozens of uses.  Photograph: AP Photo/Gerry Broome

Your celebration of the piss-a-bed was a bit half-hearted (In praise of… dandelions, 21 August), ignoring their musical, sexual, gastronomic and other uses. The stalk makes an excellent wind instrument, until it wilts after five minutes (I used to run a dandelion orchestra in France: we played short, minimalistic pieces). The locally anaesthetic sap could be turned into an action-delaying rubber, the leaves enhance most salads, the flowers make an astonishing diuretic wine and the roots are a source of ersatz coffee. The ideal posy for a stroll in the woods with a partner, providing seductive aids for all the senses.
Brian Smith
Berlin, Germany

• The death of James Alexander Gordon, famed reader of the football results on the BBC’s Sports Report, (Obituary, 20 August) brings to mind a bulletin many years ago when a news reporter was called in at the last minute to read the football results: “League Division 1, Arsenal 2; Birmingham City 3, Manchester United 2 …” He wondered why a team was left over at the end.
Mike Broadbent
Luton, Bedfordshire

• No one needed to see an aerial view of Cliff Richard’s house as breaking news: the cost of that helicopter should come out of Tony Hall’s salary (Police attack BBC over Cliff Richard raid, 23 August).
Peter McKenna
Liverpool

• Working in a bookshop I am often asked for a resume of a book a customer has picked up. I’ve never been able to decide whether we would sell more or fewer (Letters, 23 August) if I handed out a John Crace Digested Read.
Angela Barton
Bishop’s Stortford, Hertfordshire

Independent:

Times:

Sir, You say that relying on physician associates is likely to be a false economy (“Doctor, Doctor?” leader, Aug 22). From my perspective on the hospital shop floor there is a definite shortage of personnel and this can affect the training of doctors and patient safety. My trust is recruiting nurses from the Philippines and Portugal, because we do not have enough nursing staff. Doctors, fresh from medical school, find their training programmes changed in line with an NHS recommendation called “Broadening the Foundation”. They spend less time in hospitals training in surgery and medicine, and more time in the community studying psychiatry and general practice.

To counteract the reduction of the medical workforce the introduction of Physicians Assistants is a sensible move and, if properly planned and monitored, will be a positive adjunct to patient care and safety.

Humphrey Scott
Head of School of Surgery
Ashford & St Peters NHS Trust

Sir, Thirty years ago at Papworth Hospital we saw the need for physician assistants to help in our operating theatres and intensive care unit. Our first recruits were theatre sisters from other hospitals. These worked under the supervision of consultants and soon proved their worth. They became proficient at various tasks previously performed by junior doctors, such as removing the saphenous vein for a coronary bypass operation, thereby liberating junior staff to enhance their training by being more involved with the major part of the operation.

Clearly, as has been shown in the US, many roles in the NHS could usefully be filled by non-doctors with the right training. I would urge, however, that these individuals be called Physician Assistants rather than Physician Associates, for this should clarify their role. Also that they should serve under the responsibility of individual consultants or consultant teams.

Sir Terence English
Oxford

Sir, I believe your comments on the potential value of physician associates to the NHS are short-sighted. Experience in the US, where there are more than 80,000 such professionals, demonstrates the value of these individuals who work under the supervision of fully trained doctors and with well-defined roles. Your criticism would have better been directed at the unwillingness of the secretary of state to bring physician associates under statutory regulation. Protection of the title, and regulation of the profession through the Health Professions Council, would ensure uniform standards for all the university courses being set up to create this new cadre of health care workers, as well as allowing scrutiny of the performance and continuing professional development of individuals. I believe such statutory regulation would be welcomed by the Physician Associates themselves.

Humphrey Hodgson
Emeritus Professor of Medicine UCL
London N10

Sir, Physician associates have been valued members of our medical team at East Surrey Hospital for a year. They are universally enthusiastic, intelligent and committed clinicians who do not replace doctors but rather work in synergy with them. They are an exciting new role to be welcomed to the NHS.

Dr Ben Mearns
Dr Natalie Powell
Surrey & Sussex Healthcare
NHS Trust

Sir, As a principal recreation and amenity officer at the Welsh Water Authority in the 1970s and 1980s I had many meetings with riparian, angling and canoeing bodies (David Aaronovitch, “Don’t let this petty row mess with the river”, Aug 21). I was trying to negotiate access for canoeists to specific rivers. On every occasion the riparian and angling organisations agreed but then backed out with spurious excuses. The Welsh Water Authority made significant grants to angling associations to buy stretches of rivers in Wales, but we could never get access to such waters for canoeing.

Canoeing is a healthy outdoor sport which has grown in popularity in recent years. British paddlers have been worthy Olympic medallists due in no small measure to the success of facilities such as are to be found on the Afon Treweryn in North Wales.

As Mr Aaronovitch states, the situation could be resolved if organisations such as the Angling Trust would act in a mature and democratic manner. Scotland has shown the way through the Land Reform Act of 2003, surely the time has come for England and Wales to follow suit.

John W Gittins
Wrexham

Sir, I fail to understand the enthusiasm in some quarters for Mr Gove’s reforms which discourage schools from allowing pupils to resit exams. The reforms seem designed to make it easier to assess and compare schools rather than to encourage students to achieve their potential.

As a school governor I have seen that the opportunity to resit can make a huge difference to some pupils, particularly those of middle ability, who may then be able to improve their grades and thus their chances for employment or further education.

In the real world we are not expected to get everything right first time and perseverance is admired and rewarded. Mr Gove should be aware of this since I understand that he had to take his driving test seven times.

Unlike Mr Gove’s driving instructor however, secondary schools have a finite time to improve the results of their less able students and allowing early exam entry and resits may be part of this process. Surely schools should be encouraged in this, rather than penalised in the league tables even if they are successful.

Dr Mike Betterton
Skelton, Cleveland

Sir, During the war my mother joined the WRNS and was sent to the US on board the Empress of Scotland. She told me: “There were four of us, three with double-barrelled names. The Americans were expecting seven Wrens.”

Christina Padbury
Duxford, Cambs

Sir, Red kites do indeed take live prey in some circumstances (letter, Aug 22). This spring I was playing golf in Oxfordshire and a farmer over the hedge was ploughing up a field of winter wheat that had failed. His tractor was pursued by no fewer than 34 red kites, all searching for anything that moved and not at all happy with each other’s company.

Robin Knight
London W4

Sir, Around here red kites regularly take young plovers, leverets, ducklings and also tried to snatch a pointer puppy. Thankfully the owner scooped up the puppy just in time. I can assure you that no mowing machinery was in sight at any of these venues.

Joyce Marriott
Pyrton, Oxon

Telegraph:

The Scots are tired of being called parasites

For many years, North Sea oil allowed Scotland to subsidise the rest of the UK

The vote on Scottish independence takes place on September 18 Photo: PA

6:58AM BST 24 Aug 2014

CommentsComments

SIR – Ron Mason (Letters, August 17) is right that Scotland runs a large budget deficit but this is also true of the whole United Kingdom. In 2012-13, the UK raised £612 billion in revenue and spent £720 billion. Scotland contributed 9.1 per cent of the revenue and received 9.3 per cent of the spending. In the process, Scotland ran a £12 billion deficit, £1.5 billion of which was supplied by other UK taxpayers and the other £10.5 billion by borrowing.

Yet Scotland’s deficit is regularly discussed as if beleaguered English taxpayers were funding the whole lot.

For most of the last 34 years, North Sea oil has allowed Scotland to subsidise the rest of the UK. This is a matter neither for boasting nor for resentment: had the oil been discovered off England’s coast, Scotland would have benefited along with the rest of the UK.

My fear is that every time Scotland is depicted as England’s weakling dependant (or indeed as a nation of xenophobic bigots) and every time “gratitude” is demanded from the Scots, more of them are galvanised into voting to terminate the Union. After all, there is no pride or self-respect in belonging to a Britain where you are regarded as a parasite.

Rob Johnston
Peterhead, Aberdeenshire

Shorter summer hols

SIR – It is all very well tourist industry bosses complaining about the prospect of shorter summer holidays (Letters, August 17), but I believe that if school pupils were asked for their opinion, a large majority would prefer a shorter main break in the summer.

The current system is outdated and a nightmare for working parents. A major change is long overdue. In time, the benefits of an evenly balanced school year will be proved.

Minna Andrews
Burntwood, Staffordshire

So annoying

SIR – “Like” is not the only word to be over-used (Letters, August 17). “So” is a terrible Americanism to use at the start of sentences, especially when asked a question. It is even more annoying when people drag it out – “Sooooooo” – while their brain thinks of an answer.

Andrew Holgate
Woodley, Cheshire

SIR – Recently, when saying farewell to someone who was emigrating to France the following day, they responded “See you later”.

I only just managed to restrain myself.

Jane Scott
Buckden, Cambridgeshire

Teach schoolchildren as pupils, not students

SIR – Douglas Davies (Letters, August 17) should be grateful that he does not work in junior education, in which even six-year-olds are routinely described as “students” in both state and independent schools.

It is symptomatic of a trend that denies children (sorry, “young people”) the opportunity to be children. Parents should beware: many teachers who talk about their “students” have also fallen for the canard that education these days is all about students acquiring vacuous “skills”, coordinated by “learning facilitators” – rather than actually being taught things.

Peter Boyle
Buckland, Oxfordshire

SIR – This pernicious fad oozed out of the Left-wing teacher training colleges in roughly the Sixties. Presumably it was supposed to empower the pupils and make them feel more adult.

Putting children in the position of students places the responsibility for their educational success or failure unfairly on them.

Jenny Cobb
Five Ashes, East Sussex

SIR – I worked in comprehensive schools for 30 years. We always called those we were teaching “students” because they were studying. The word “pupil”, deriving as it does from a Latin word meaning “without parents”, seemed less relevant.

Mik Shaw
Goring-by-Sea, West Sussex

BT customer service

SIR – John Petter’s positive view of his own consumer division at BT contrasts totally with ours. Over the last five months we have spent over 18 hours on the telephone speaking with five different divisions of BT.

For about two months we were trying to have the loss of the broadband service reinstated. Agreeing to an engineer visit, which eventually sorted out the problem, was anathema to BT. It also took BT four or five months to install a telephone service despite being given over two months’ notice of our moving date. For two months after moving we relied on fragile mobile reception, and ran up sizeable mobile-phone bills.

For a company that specialises in communication, its internal communication systems are rubbish. Of the 50 to 60 BT staff we spoke to, only two took any responsibility for the issues we presented. We were subjected to endless cycles of listening to the same automated menus; being asked to repeat the same information; being passed from person to person without notice or benefit; being asked to run the same tests, and experiencing our calls drop out and having to start all over again. The inconvenience and time wasted was appalling.

Malcolm and Rosie Baxter
Lairg, Sutherland

Recycling vs burning

SIR – While it seems true to say that Britain “is on track to export a record amount of waste for incineration abroad”, it is wrong to suggest that this is due to “a shortage of incinerators”. In fact it is due to incineration overcapacity in an increasing number of European countries, coupled with a shortage of domestic recycling infrastructure.

Similarly, it is incorrect to suggest that incineration is somehow environmentally friendly. Greenhouse gases are not emitted by burying plastics, but they are most certainly emitted by burning plastics.

As most of what is incinerated and landfilled could be recycled, the question should not be “Why are we not burning more in the Britain”, but “Why are we not recycling or composting more?”.

Incinerators are very expensive to build, and this money should be invested in recycling, which is greener than incineration and creates far more jobs.

Shlomo Dowen
United Kingdom Without Incineration Network
Mansfield, Nottinghamshire

An island divided

SIR – The article on Famagusta by Victoria Hislop would benefit from some historical perspective. The Treaty of 1959 “Concerning the Establishment of the Republic of Cyprus” was followed in1960 by the Treaty of Alliance, in which Britain, Greece and Turkey all undertook to guarantee the independence of Cyprus.

In 1974, the Greek military junta aided the pro-enosis (union with Greece) Cypriot National Guard to mount its own coup. Britain abdicated from its treaty obligation to maintain an independent Cyprus. This left Turkey to occupy about a third of the island in the predominantly Turkish north to halt the union with Greece taking place.

In 2004 the United Nations put forward the Annan proposals for reuniting the island. In the subsequent referendum the Turkish Cypriots, despite some reservations, voted 65 per cent in favour of reuniting. The Greek Cypriots, however, voted 76 per cent against reunification.

This is why the island continues to be divided.

Walter F Hughes
Bennington, Nottinghamshire

Don’t fear metric

SIR – Unlike Richard Tyler (Letters, August 17), children today have no fear of metric units. Imperial units receive little attention in today’s school curriculums.

I cannot understand why people still talk about consumption in miles per gallon when we have been buying petrol in litres for years.

Tim Nixon
Braunton, Devon

St Ives must control its seagulls or they’ll take over

More and more gulls are being attracted to seaside towns by the easy availability of food

Seagulls survey the view from an ice cream shop in St Ives, Cornwall

A pair of hungry seagulls await their next victim from a convenient vantage point in St Ives, Cornwall  Photo: ALAMY

6:59AM BST 24 Aug 2014

CommentsComments

SIR – I love visiting St Ives, but I shall be less inclined to do so if the council has really given up the fight to control the seagull problem.

There have been several recorded incidents from around Britain this summer of people being injured by seagulls trying to snatch food. People should be much more wary of gulls, and herring gulls in particular, than Dr Ross-Smith of the British Trust for Ornithology suggests.

The best way to combat the problem is for the public to avoid consuming food in the open air, to dispose of any food waste in a bin with a lid and definitely not to feed such birds with titbits. That is easier said than achieved.

The increasing number of birds being attracted to seaside towns by the easy pickings does warrant continued efforts to control numbers in the interests of public health and public safety. Many councils recognise this and best practice has been pioneered in Dumfries since 2008 with advice from the bird conservation charities. The pricking of eggs is effective if it is done more than once during the breeding season.

For St Ives to give up the fight to keep numbers under control only means that they will have to deal with an even bigger, and more expensive, problem at a later date.

R J Ardern
Inverness

Muslim countries should play a bigger role in combating Isil

Predominantly non-Muslim countries are reluctant to get directly involved in fighting the extremist caliphate in Iraq

Shi'ite volunteers, from Abbas Unit who have joined the Iraqi army to fight against militants of the Islamic State, formerly known as the Islamic State in Iraq and the Levant (ISIL), parade down a street in Kerbala, southwest of Baghdad

Shi’ite volunteers from Abbas Unit who have joined the Iraqi army to fight against militants of the Islamic State in Iraq and the Levant parade down a street in Kerbala, southwest of Baghdad Photo: Reuters

7:00AM BST 24 Aug 2014

CommentsComments

SIR – David Cameron says the world cannot turn a blind eye to the creation of an extremist caliphate in Iraq.

Could Mr Cameron explain what he means by “the world”?

Who does he suppose should prevent further conflict and slaughter? Clearly, Britain, America, much of Europe and most members of the UN do not want to get directly involved because of strongly negative public opinion. Might one reason for this be that many think that the Muslim world should be taking a bigger role in controlling Muslim transgressions?

Islam has 1.57 billion adherents, making up over 23 per cent of the world population.

It is predicted that the world’s Muslim population will grow twice as fast as other groups over the next 20 years. By 2030, Muslims will make up more than a quarter of the global population. This might suggest that problems will increase and not decrease.

Roger Haywood
Happisburgh, Norfolk

SIR – David Cameron does well to join the dots with regard to the fight against extremism, however in listing possible allies he includes sponsors of terrorism, such as Iran, and excludes the only democracy in the Middle East, Israel.

He names our foes as Boko Haram, al-Qaeda, the Taliban and al-Shabab, but neglects to mention Hezbollah and Hamas. Unless you complete the circle you will not have a effective campaign against extremism.

Brian Greenaway
South Darenth, Kent

SIR – Given our recent history of intervention in the Middle East, David Cameron’s reluctance to commit British troops to the crisis in Iraq is entirely understandable.

Surely the solution is for both Britain and America to urge the United Nations to mobilise a multinational task force as a matter of extreme urgency. Many countries must be appalled by the behaviour of Isil but would be reluctant to get involved without a UN resolution.

David Langfield
Pyrford, Surrey

SIR – David Cameron refuses to acknowledge that Saudi Arabia and its kleptocratic rulers have further destabilised the Middle East by playing the destructive sectarian card against “apostate” Shiites. The result was the regular targeting of Iraq’s Shiite pilgrims and their shrines by Sunni jihadists. Now it’s the turn of Iraq’s Christians and Yazidis. Saudi Arabia would also have the West go to war with Iran rather than seek rapprochement.

William Hague foolishly aligned Britain with the Saudis by supporting Syria’s Sunni jihadist insurgents. No wonder British Sunni militants flocked to Syria and now Iraq. That some will return as trained terrorists is a legitimate worry. The terrorists posing a threat to the West are Sunni, not Shiite. Assad, Hezbollah and Iran are not our enemies.

Yugo Kovach
Winterborne Houghton, Dorset

SIR – The Australian government is in the process of enacting a change in law which will allow it to revoke the citizenship of anyone who is identified as having travelled abroad to join groups such as Isil. This will in effect prevent them from returning to Australia.

Surely Britain should consider taking similar action?

Jeff Tonge
Bolton, Lancashire

SIR – With the tragic death of James Foley, isn’t time the EU issued a clear directive to its members not to pay kidnappers ransom money? Countries like Spain, Italy and France are financing and encouraging Isil.

Carole Storey Tennant
Bexhill-on-Sea, East Sussex

SIR – David Cameron says that this struggle will last the rest of his political lifetime. The Allies defeated the Nazis in six years. Surely if all the nations opposed to Isil, including those in the Middle East, united together militarily under the auspices of the UN, they could get rid of it very quickly?

Anthony Gould
London W1

Irish Times

Sir, – In relation to Isolde Goggin’s article “Why GPs don’t need collective bargaining” (Opinion & Analysis, August 18th), there are multiple anomalies in the GP relationship with the State. The biggest is the State’s dominant or monopoly position as a purchaser of GP services and its ruthless exercising of this dominance as demonstrated by the Fempi (Financial Emergency Measures in the Public Interest) reductions.

Ill health, unfortunately, is inextricably linked with unemployment and poverty.

In 2011, Enniscorthy had an unemployment rate of 31.7 per cent, in comparison to the official State unemployment rate of 14.3 per cent. The demands on GP services are massive in towns such as Enniscorthy, yet the average funding per patient each GP receives is the same across the country.

I would appreciate an opportunity to negotiate a service level agreement and budget directly with the State on behalf of my patients but this mechanism does not currently exist. Again, it’s unclear how competition can be encouraged in areas of high deprivation where GPs are increasingly unlikely to remain in practice. Perversely the State has reduced competition in these towns by using the blunt instrument of Fempi by making practices less viable.

Deprivation indices such as those used in Northern Ireland are used there to support basic and enhanced GP services in areas of deprivation. Would it be anti-competitive for GP practices in one area to receive deprivation payments and for others not to?

While it is true there was a larger percentage rise in State funding to GPs in the seven-year period up to 2008 when compared with the rise in the retail price index for the same period, this was largely due to funding having come from a very low base. Virtually all this increase in funding has now been reversed and little over 2 per cent of the health budget goes to fund GP services, as compared to 10 per cent in the UK. – Yours, etc,

Dr WILLIAM LYNCH,

Enniscorthy Medical

Centre,

Court Street,

Enniscorthy, Co Wexford.

Sir, – In recent years there has been much comment in the media about the introduction of the new Project Maths curriculum into the secondary system. However there appears to have been very little comment about the corresponding curriculum in the primary system. As a parent of children who have recently passed through this system, I have had many occasions to peruse the workbooks that students are now learning from to progress in mathematics. I have been somewhat alarmed at the standard of some of the textbooks that are being used in many of the classrooms.

The treatment of many of the topics or strands is simply not in sufficient depth to challenge more able or even brighter students. There is insufficient time given to the learning of fundamental mathematical operations such as multiplication and division in many of these workbooks. Instead of investigating a topic in any depth, the exercises move very quickly from one topic or strand to the next. In some textbooks, almost all the exercises pose questions on all the strands on every page without ever going into any depth in any of these strands.

What appears to be happening is that authors in these books are recoiling from including any form of challenging or difficult problem-solving questions. I would have major reservations about this approach to the teaching of mathematics at this level.

It is worth nothing that major changes are currently being introduced into the primary maths curriculum in the UK with the aim of improving standards and bringing standards at primary level into line with countries such as Singapore and other high-performing maths countries. There is a strong emphasis being placed on practice to gain familiarity with, and expertise in, fundamental concepts in the subject at this level.

In conclusion, particularly in light of the proposed changes in the UK, I think there is a need to have a root-and-branch review of the standard of mathematics that is now being taught, the curriculum itself and the quality of the textbooks provided at primary level in this country. – Yours, etc,

Dr CORA STACK,

Lecturer in Mathematics,

Institute of Technology,

Tallaght, Dublin.

A chara, – Aongus Collins’s cartoon in the Health + Family supplement (August 19th) of a career guidance counsellor in a one-to-one meeting with a student will bring a wry smile to many involved in education.

Since 2012, a series of short-sighted cuts has seen the guidance and counselling service provided to our second-level students seriously diminished.

One recent study by the Association of Secondary Teachers of Ireland (ASTI) found that over 70 per cent of schools have had to reduce the provision of one-to-one guidance counselling for students and that almost a third of schools have been forced to abandon one-to-one sessions.

This is despite the fact that students place a very high value on one-to-one sessions with their schools guidance counsellor and that this is seen as a key factor in their satisfaction with overall guidance provision.

The recently published ESRI report Leaving School in Ireland: A Study of Post-School Transitions highlights the critical importance of the career guidance service in a student’s journey through second-level school and beyond. Students felt that generic group guidance activities were a poor substitute for the personal interaction of one-to-one meetings and did not reflect their individual needs and aspirations.

Reducing the already meagre resources available to young people at a time when they have greatest need for them makes little educational or economic sense and will most likely prove more costly in the long term.

The appointment of Jan O’Sullivan as Minister for Education and Skills provides a welcome opportunity to undo some of the damage done in the recent past. Reversing the swingeing cuts to the guidance provision would be a good first step – Is mise,

KEVIN

P McCARTHY, MSc, HDE

Headford,

Killarney,

Co Kerry.

Sir, – Paul Krugman’s observation that war makes no economic sense is obvious when looked at logically (“Wars make no economic sense yet they still happen”, August 19th). However his assertion that wars are driven by the egos of leaders who are looking for political survival or longevity falls short of the full story.

In many of the world’s larger economies, and especially that of the US, a significant proportion of public expenditure is made up of a military-industrial complex which requires regular wars to use up the vast inventories of weapons, and thus pave the way for additional lucrative contracts to replenish the arsenals. This sector has been significantly privatised in recent years and has increased its influence in the corridors of power, with a massive presence among the phalanx of lobbyists. The results are a shameful indictment of capitalism at its worst. The Iraq war of 2003 was merely a slush fund for privatised military contractors and weapons producers. The ongoing Israeli assault on Gaza is being fuelled by US arms supplied by privatised subcontractors such as Lockheed Martin, whose share price got a 6 per cent bounce during the bombings.

Public opinion, and with it common sense, is bought through the oftentimes incestuous relationship between military contractors and the media.

War is a major factor in economic activity globally even though it has no logical basis and will remain so until we elect political leaders prepared to take on these vested interests. – Yours, etc,

BARRY WALSH,

Linden Avenue,

Blackrock,

Cork.

Sir, – It’s interesting that a spike in house prices, particularly in Dublin, coincides with a reported shortage of supply. Clearly, the market, the beast that brought us to near disaster in 2008, is still being allowed to rule. Keeping it at the centre of national life is a recipe for another major blow.

Its apologists will, of course, trumpet the price rise as a vindication of recent national policy, and a good thing. Yet a rise in the price of milk is not, usually, seen as a good thing. In fact, the house price rise threatens to betray another generation of young people.

Leaving the provision of homes for them in the hands of private developers, and, thus the market, is a pretty staggering abrogation of national responsibility. A home is a sacred thing, and its integrity should never be threatened by unscrupulous profit-seekers.

A less laissez faire approach by national agencies is, clearly, called for, for the worship of false gods is not recommended in any religious tradition.

The creation of a department of housing might be a useful first step, one appreciated by thousands of worried young couples. – Yours, etc,

KEELA FREELEY,

Beechville,

Clonard,

Sir, – Further to recent correspondence, the HPAT (Health Professions Admissions Test) has always been a ridiculous test for admission to medical school.

Potential medical students should be warned that when they graduate, they may well have to leave this country permanently. There should, therefore, be induction courses on life in Australia, New Zealand, Canada, Britain and the US! – Yours, etc,

Dr C DUPONT, FRCPI

Merlyn Road,

Dublin 4.

Sir, – I write to compliment the staff of An Post on the extraordinary quality of their service. For example, I have posted many letters right up to the last collection time of 5.30pm in Kells, Co Meath, and these were correctly delivered the next day in Carlow, Cavan, Clare, Galway, Kildare, Kilkenny, Leitrim, Waterford and Westmeath.

Based on my experience in many countries, the Irish postal service is among the very best. – Yours, etc,

IRENE McGARRY,

Headfort Demesne,

Kells,

Co Meath.

Sir, – I have just received a letter that a friend had accidently misaddressed. The envelope arrived with a large An Post sticker with my correct address written by hand. The sticker bore the quite clear instructions: “For Internal Use Only” and “Do NOT deliver with this label attached”.

In this impersonal age and the advent of generic postcodes looming, I was heartened to see that An Post had time for the human moment. – Yours, etc,

CORMAC MEEHAN,

Bundoran,

Co Donegal.

Sir, – In the interests of equality on this our fair isle of comely maidens, could I make a plea for an annual “Lovely Boys Competition”? As we already have a blueprint with the Rose of Tralee gawkfest, the same quasi-indeterminate criteria could apply: any Irish ancestry you can muster up is always a help; be straight, for God’s sake; no daddies please; an ability to dance a little jig or coo a little poetry; and finally, but by no means least, evidence of admirable intelligence and ambition combined with a simpering naivety.

However, I strongly suggest the inclusion of a new element, the old reliable swimwear round, as it ensures we never lose sight of the actual nature of the competition – to find the prettiest boy.

Boys, please form an orderly queue, either as participants or apologists. – Yours, etc,

PATRICIA MULKEEN,

Ballinfull,

Sligo.

Irish Independent:

So Professor Richard Dawkins thinks that it is immoral to bring a Down Syndrome child into the world. Immoral? I always thought that morality was that attribute of humankind that made us different from all the other animals on the planet.

Morality is our conscious having a go at us – for example, if you get on a train without paying, or find a €50 note and slip it into your pocket, that little voice in your head will say, “that might belong to an OAP who’s now skint until Thursday.” It’s not right to keep it, it’s not moral.

Why stop at Down Syndrome professor, why not include people who will go on to be diagnosed with diseases such as MS or cancer, even your fellow professor, Stephen Hawking, the greatest mind since Einstein?

Now, I know you’ll probably say that these are acquired illnesses and are impossible to predict from a foetal scan. That’s true, professor, but as you would be the first to admit, what technological miracles await us in 10 or 20 years’ time? If we are able at that stage to determine, from a scan of the womb, illnesses that will in the course of our lives incapacitate us to such an extent that our bodies are no longer able to carry out orders from the brain, would you still advocate such a course of action, even if it would deprive the world of someone like Prof Hawking?

Perhaps, Prof Dawkins, in the future you could refrain from such callous, hurtful statements and stick instead to your incredible life’s work on Darwinism.

Mike Burke, Sixmilebridge, Co Clare


 

The forgotten county?

With the GAA All-Ireland semi-finals and finals in mind will the threatened train strikes have an impact on the people of Dublin, Kerry and Mayo? Of course it will, as they have trains.

Will it have an impact on the people of Donegal? Of course it won’t. Fifty years ago the last train pulled out of Donegal and its rail lines were ripped up resulting in the country’s most peripheral county becoming even more peripheral.

No politician in the intervening period has had the courage to try and reverse a completely incomprehensible action. And they wonder why Donegal people consider themselves the “forgotten county”.

Micheal Mellett, Lucan, Co Dublin

 

Helping the competition

The logic of the railway workers in calling for a 48-hour strike is difficult to grasp. In a bid to better their employment and conditions they hand over their customers to potential competitors. As a strategy for securing a better future, this particular train of thought shouldn’t have been allowed leave the station.

TG O’Brien, Dalkey, Co Dublin

 

Olive branches

What a juxtaposition of stories on your World News section last Saturday. Sixty-eight people blown to bits – not by UN/USA/Israeli forces – but by Islamic suicide bombers. Then Hamas execute 18 Palestinian citizens outside the Omari mosque, as worshippers were leaving, forcing them to watch the “warning” by their brave hooded freedom-fighters.

Opposite news of this gruesome “church-gate collection”, we were informed that “Italy’s olive groves face devastation by mystery bugs”. Not much hope of peace without olive branches, and they are needed now more than ever!

Sean Kelly, Tramore, Waterford

 

Fact versus fiction

After the brutal and cold-blooded murder of brave journalist James Foley, I feel it is wrong for all media to be continually referring to these cowardly terrorists as being associated with a fictional country or domain called “the Islamic State”. There is no such place.

These savages originate from many places but are carrying out their atrocities in Syria and Iraq. Continuing to refer to the aforementioned fictional place only gives credence and encouragement to these barbarians to carry out their mindless slaughter.

Thomas O’Connor, Crumlin, Dublin 12

 

Abortion is a society issue

Referring to Desmond Fitzgerald’s letter (Irish Independent, August 21) where he refers to abortion as a “social issue” and John Bellew’s letter (Irish Independent, August 22) calling abortion “the taking of human life,” the crux of the issue is the disagreement over whether a foetus is a human life. Tied in with this is the question of when does this life start: conception, implantation in the womb or some other arbitrarily defined point in time? Abortion will always be a divisive issue because of these diametrically opposing views.

The only way to move on from this impasse is for all parties, pro-life and pro-choice camps, to bring a sense of empathy and understanding to women who are pregnant against their wishes. We as society need to look at ourselves and not look at this issue in isolation. How do we treat our fellow human beings in general and especially the vulnerable and marginalised members of society?

Thomas Roddy, Salthill, Galway

 

Protecting the innocent

In the debate surrounding the unfortunate case of the baby delivered by caesarean section, the salient question is: Should an evil deed committed by one person (a rapist) result in the punishment of an innocent life (the unborn) that is unable to defend itself?

Is there not something inherent within our human psyche that tells us we should do everything possible to protect human life, particularly innocent life that cannot protect itself?

John Bellew, Dunleer, Co Louth

 

Dazzled by dance

It doesn’t look like the Haka war dance is a decisive factor in All Black wins. Australia sauntered to the sideline after the Haka. While I’ve no doubt NZ are extremely tough, it’s the dance component of their game that dazzles opponents. Would it not be worse if South Africa had a war dance? I imagine a coach’s worst fear is that you do all the routine of preparation and conditioning and yet the team plays flat on the day.

New Zealand appear best able to quickly crank themselves from a routine mindset to full throttle. In the patchwork of plays that make up a rugby match, every AB player is consistently seeking to spark the multi-cylinder engine that is NZ rugby. Whether it’s the individual himself, the lineage of the jersey, the competition for place or sheer duty, playing without dash and intelligence appears to sit least comfortably with AB rugby.

Patrick Dillion, Dublin

 

Albert Reynolds, the gent

It was a pleasure to meet the late Albert Reynolds, by chance, in London, some 10 years ago. He was accompanied only by his wife and without bodyguards, and we had a brief conversation about his premiership and Irish politics in general. He was, indeed, a gentleman and an international statesman who brought pride to Ireland.

Dominic Shelmerdine, London SW3

 

Sacking the Taoiseach

I would like to recount a little story about the time Albert Reynolds worked in CIE as a clerk. My own late father, Frank Gray, was at that time the Personnel Officer for the country, and as such Albert had to report to him.

It was noticed that Albert would be ‘missing’ from his posts in various railway stations in the country on more than a few occasions, as he worked as a relief clerk. My father learned that Albert had a sideline – no pun intended – so, it fell to my father to call on Albert and ask him if he wanted to continue to work for CIE or did he want to run his ballrooms. The rest is history. My father often told this story about the time he sacked a Taoiseach.

Olive Power, Ballina, Co Mayo

Irish Independent


Fall

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26 August 2014 Fall

I jog around the park I still have arthritis in my left knee, but I manage to get round the park. A wettish day. I sort out two wine bottle holders

Scrabble: I win, but get under 400. perhaps Mary will win tomorrow.

110 Games Mary win 58 John 54

I bump in to Mary and she has a fall

Obituary:

  1. s

Professor Andy MacMillan – obituary

Professor Andy MacMillan was an architect who introduced bold Modernist lines to Scottish churches and Oxbridge colleges

Andy MacMillan (left) and Isi Metzstein with their model of Robinson College, Cambridge

Andy MacMillan (left) and Isi Metzstein with their model of Robinson College, Cambridge Photo: Chris James/Epicscotland

7:13PM BST 24 Aug 2014

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Professor Andy MacMillan, the Scottish architect, who has died aged 85, was, with Isi Metzstein, a member of one of the most influential architectural partnerships in Britain, working in the style of Le Corbusier and Frank Lloyd Wright; however, their most famous work, St Peter’s Seminary at Cardross, Dunbartonshire, was once described as the place “where Modernism crawled up a hill to die”.

MacMillan and Metzstein worked together at the Glasgow firm of Gillespie, Kidd & Coia, and later taught at the Mackintosh School of Architecture. In the 1950s they collaborated on the St Paul’s project at Glenrothes, Scotland’s second post-war New Town. Later they designed the library at Wadham College, Oxford; the halls of residence at the University of Hull; and the red-brick Robinson College at Cambridge, which in 1983 received an award for architectural excellence from the Royal Institute of British Architecture and in 2008 appeared in The Daily Telegraph’s top five “Most Inspiring Buildings in Britain”.

Andy MacMillan (KIERAN DODDS)

But St Peter’s Seminary, a three-storey concrete ziggurat on the banks of the Clyde, inspired by Corbusier’s chapel at Ronchamp and his monastery at La Tourette, was considered their masterpiece. Completed in 1966, it was designed with a sympathetic understanding of the ritualised nature of seminary life that was perhaps surprising in a lapsed Protestant (MacMillan) and a Jewish atheist (Metzstein).

Each of the activities that made up the trainee priest’s day was given its own setting — from a glass-sided refectory to an airy sky-lit chapel with a vast granite altar — providing an environment in which the choreography of Roman Catholic ritual could be performed in spiritually uplifting space and light.

The seminary won acclaim even from such traditionalist journals as Country Life for its design and fine workmanship (the interiors were panelled in solid wood, echoing the style of Charles Rennie Macintosh). It was voted Scotland’s best modern building by the architecture magazine Prospect, and in 1967 it won Gillespie, Kidd & Coia an award from RIBA. It was also one of only 42 post-war buildings in Scotland to be Grade A listed.

The outside of St Peter’s Seminary when it was first built

It also, however, attracted fierce criticism, which grew in volume as reports appeared of ill-fitting windows, door handles falling off, the chapel flooding and ominous creaks emanating from the beams that soared above the sanctuary.

Ultimately, though, it was the Second Vatican Council’s decision to train priests in local communities rather than at seminaries that proved its undoing. After just 14 years the seminary shut down, in 1980, and the building was subsequently abandoned to the elements and the vandals. Within a few years it was reduced to a graffiti-covered skeleton, named as one of the world’s most endangered sites by the World Monument Fund.

As Frank Arneil Walker put it in The Buildings of Scotland, “in little more than a generation, God, Le Corbusier and Scottish architecture have all been mocked”. MacMillan’s verdict was: “It’s terrible to live in a culture that can allow a building like that to be treated that way.”

Despite a number of proposals for reuse or renovation of the building, its future remains in doubt.

The interior of the abandoned St Peter’s Seminary in Cadross (ALAMY)

Andrew MacMillan was born prematurely on December 11 1928 in a tenement in the Maryhill district of Glasgow. His father, an unemployed railway clerk, improvised an incubator for his son, without which he probably would not have survived infancy.

At North Kelvinside Secondary School, MacMillan proved an able all-rounder and was entered for the “corporation exam” for an apprenticeship with Glasgow Corporation (now Glasgow City Council). He passed, and was interviewed by the chief architect and the chief surveyor. “The surveyor told me what a terrible job surveying is, so I chose architecture,” he recalled.

During his apprenticeship he took evening classes at Glasgow School of Art, where he met Isi Metzstein, then working as an apprentice at Gillespie, Kidd and Coia, one of Britain’s most respected architectural practices.

MacMillan worked for the corporation for seven years, and by the age of 20 was running his own projects: “I had five buildings for the corporation and 15 shopping centres. I worked on housing that varied from a prefabricated stone house to bog-standard tenements.”

He then spent two years with East Kilbride new town, but became increasingly frustrated by local government bureaucracy. In 1954, when Metzstein mentioned that there was a vacancy at Gillespie, Kidd and Coia, MacMillan jumped at the chance.

The practice had been founded in the 19th century, but from the 1930s its principal client had been the local Roman Catholic archdiocese. It had been built up by the firm’s partner Jack Coia, a devout Catholic who, before the arrival of his young protégés, designed decent but unadventurous churches along traditional lines.

Like many young architects of their generation, MacMillan and Metzstein were passionate converts to Modernism; and from 1957, when they effectively assumed creative control of the practice’s output, they began to produce an extraordinary string of Modernist buildings

Their first project, St Paul’s, Glenrothes, completed in 1957, was described as “the first modern church in Britain”. They went on to build 17 churches and chapels throughout central Scotland, following in the wake of new town development and urban housing schemes, culminating with the completion of the church of St Columba in East Kilbride in 1979. There were also the college buildings in Oxford and Cambridge, schools in Glasgow and Cumbernauld, and a maternity hospital in Bellshill.

But the churches were what they were known for. As Metzstein once explained, their aim was to “strip out the rubbish”, doing away with aisles, naves, columns and other gothic paraphernalia. Luckily the Church, itself undergoing a period of modernisation, seemed to like what they came up with.

Andy MacMillan and Isi Metzstein at one of their buildings, St Patrick’s Roman Catholic Church, Kilsyth (KIERAN DODDS)

MacMillan became a partner of the firm in 1966 and served as Professor of Architecture at Glasgow University and head of the Mackintosh School of Architecture from 1973 to 1994. His teaching at the school with Metzstein, who died in 2012, was credited with making it one of the best architectural training establishments in the world.

In his later years MacMillan served on architectural judging panels and as a government adviser. He was a member of the Scottish Arts Council from 1978 to 1982, and a member of the panel that chose Enric Miralles’s design for the Scottish Parliament in Edinburgh — a project that brought criticism from locals not only for its appearance (like “upturned boats”) but also for its spiralling cost.

In 2001 MacMillan caused a furore when he lashed out at those citizens of Edinburgh who did not appreciate the finer points of the building, declaring them introspective, ignorant, and “not cultured the way that Glasgow hooligans are cultured”.

“What’s the highlight of an Edinburgh businessman’s life?” he inquired sarcastically. “He gets to be made a member of the Royal Company of Archers. He gets to wear a funny hat and walk about with a bow and arrow — a businessman in the 21st century!”

Among many awards, MacMillan won the RIBA Award for Architecture on four occasions and the Royal Scottish Academy Gold Medal in 1975. He was appointed OBE in 1992.

At the time of his death he was vice-president of the Glasgow School of Art.

He is survived by his wife, Angela, and by their son and three daughters.

Professor Andy MacMillan, born December 11 1928, died August 16 2014

Guardian:

Britain's Home Secretary Theresa May leaves Downing Street in London

Mary Dejevsky’s sees double standards in the government’s proposals to deal with British Islamic State jihadis (May’s short memory, 25 August). But she sets up straw men as examples: there is no proposal to punish people just for travelling to Syria or Iraq, nor any presumption that those who do are jihadis. Even if, as she suggests, we are responsible for allowing extremism to fester, does that imply we should not react to the threat posed by these individuals’ return? Should we give murderers a pass for allowing them to get riled up in the UK?

Nor is it fair to suggest that the government tars all British Muslims with this brush. I can’t believe I’m defending this government. Let’s criticise it for its legion failings; making up new ones seems redundant.
Paul Smith
London

• Nobody has ever given an explanation of the difference between the “moderate” groups fighting in Syria and the “extremist” groups. Could anyone suggest which of the republican and loyalist terrorist groups fighting in Northern Ireland were “moderate” and which were “extremist”? But the moderate/extremist argument is used to justify the funding of terrorists because “we can’t stand back and allow these extremists to take over” type of argument. So we then support the Nato bombing of Libya that murdered thousands of civilians and levelled the city of Sirte in 2011, or the training and arming of the “moderate” groups who explode car bombs outside hospitals because allegedly the Syrian army were occupying the buildings.
Louis Shawcross
Hillsborough, County Down

• Your editorial (Lessons of failure, 25 August) eloquently catalogues the catastrophic consequences of successive governments’ interference in foreign conflicts, particularly those in the Middle East and north Africa. Well-intentioned but simplistic actions are usurped by power-hungry ideologues who readily recruit rudderless youth to be their cannon fodder. The editorial ends with a quote from Tony Blair that we would do well to restrict our actions to “what works”. Blair’s record in the Middle East is not a shining example and the question remains: what does work and how good is the supporting evidence?
Michael Kettlewell
Over Norton, Oxfordshire

• Under no circumstances should British Isis fighters have their citizenship removed (Report, 25 August). How do they differ in law from any other British mercenaries, such as those who fought for Ian Smith? Given the choice of a life of pointless harassment by jobcentres and a misguided but apparently “noble cause” in Iraq, it seems a no-brainer to me.
Ken Baldry
London

• To bar returning jihadis from entering Britain by revoking their passports is analogous to fly-tipping: refusing to deal with our own rubbish, not caring who is left with that unpleasant and potentially expensive task. That is why the EU is right to legislate against it in the interests of the community at large.
Herbert Munk
Coventry

• The killing of James Foley was without doubt appalling and reprehensible. But what exactly are we supposed to find so horrendous that a coalition of western forces should descend upon the Middle East with the unattainable objective of restoring some kind of order acceptable to western interests?

Is it the fact that James Foley was beheaded? Hardly, since our ally Saudi Arabia has publicly beheaded 19 people this month, without western leaders making anything of this.

Perhaps then it is the killing of innocent journalists that is meant to provoke us into supporting military action? Hardly that either, since, according to the Committee to Protect Journalists, US forces in Iraq killed 13 journalists in 2003-05 alone in ways that are thought to be non-accidental. I don’t recall any objections from Tony Blair.

The truth is we are being led into supporting another war; either for unstated reasons relating to oil and nefarious geostrategy, or in response to the inane call of the “something has to be done” brigade. The intervention being proposed ought to be as unpopular as the one that began in 2003, which lies at the root of the present predicament.
Steve Cox
York

• Why does “humanitarian aid” by Russia (Report, 23 August), albeit uninvited by Ukraine , draw “swift condemnation from US and European countries”, while the bombing of Isis-controlled Syria is contemplated by the US and other European countries without the need to even speak to the Syrian head of state?
Richard Bull
Woodbridge, Suffolk

GCSE Results Are Released In The UK

Peter Wilby is right that GCSE is no longer needed since education for all is being extended to age 18 (Report, 23 August). But beyond that, the whole structure of secondary education should be closely examined, with the dominance of academic subjects questioned and perhaps trade apprenticeships seen as worthwhile alternatives to university degrees for school leavers. The Tomlinson proposals, based on diplomas at the end of schooling, should be revisited.

But who is to do this? One legacy of the Gove years should be the recognition that responsibility for change in education should never be vested in one person. A national education council should be established, financed by but independent of government, with a balanced membership of teachers’ leaders, MPs, academics and other prominent members of society. It should be first charged to make recommendations on the restructuring of secondary education and to present these to parliament, via the secretary of state. The recent careful thought on the potential future for education expressed in the writings of academics like Peter Mortimore, Richard Pring, Chris Husbands, Michael Fielding, Frank Coffield, John Bangs and others, with the insights of the teacher unions and associations should underpin the thinking of such a council. Its second task should be to monitor such changes over the coming years and report to parliament, say every two years, on progress.
Professor Michael Bassey
Author of Education for the Inevitable

• The GCSE results did not end the gaming of qualifications as Michael Gove planned. They showed a more odious form of gaming is operating, manipulation by league tables. The drop in multiple entries is down to making only the first entry counts, so students cannot resit. The chance to resit is a basic right which applies in the driving test. If failure on the first test meant the driver was unable to do it again, many people would be unable to drive. In any test the relevant issue is whether the standard has been reached, and to deny GCSE students the right to do this is clearly a cap on aspiration.

We need an urgent reversal of policy, especially with GCSE English results dropping. English GCSE is required for many jobs and most university courses. Many A-level courses in fact demand a grade B in English. So there can be no acceptance of 16-year-olds failing in this subject. The sixth forms will have to provide remedial classes, and resits will have to take place irrespective of the ban on resits. If not, then students are going to have their futures blighted merely by a change in exam reporting.
Trevor Fisher
Stafford

• Alison Wolf’s celebration of outlawing less academic “equivalents” to GCSE underlines her lack of understanding (All hail the new GCSEs, 19 August). I meet ex-students who smile ruefully, say “school wasn’t for me” and then detail their successful career – as a plumber, nurse or electrician. We should be ashamed as a nation that people leave school thinking it wasn’t for them. Surely the point of vocational education is that it reaches those an academic education does not reach. Any further review of our education system should start with delivering the basics of literacy and numeracy and then produce as diverse a range of courses as there are students to study them.
Nicky Campbell
Macclesfield, Cheshire

• When even your own education correspondents refer to the “pass rate” for English being 61.7% (Report, 22 August), is it any wonder that students who achieve D, E, F and G grades are feeling the pain? These, too, are pass rates, fantastic achievements for some whose gifts may lie elsewhere, often undiscovered due to the pressure of those damned performance tables. An F is not a fail.
Ruth Eversley
Paulton, Somerset

Scotland's First Minister, Alex Salmond

Some readers (Letters, 25 August) may need reminding that in the UK we do not make our laws or supervise our public servants by public outcry, taking heed of the latest or largest crowd of demonstrators. We recognise that such crowds are never more than a tiny and unrepresentative proportion of the general population.

We elect local representatives who can study issues in depth and come to reasoned conclusions. If they turn out to be corrupt or lazy or put in place policies they promised not to (that’s you, Mr C) we can vote them out next time. Supported by a strong judiciary, this works, in the long run, to everyone’s benefit – even if it doesn’t feel like it at the moment for many disabled people, for example. Or some Scots, maybe.

Having Scottish, English and Welsh parliaments in whatever format only makes decision-making more remote. For people in Inverness, the Edinburgh parliament is no closer than Westminster. For people in Leeds a Yorkshire parliament would still feel remote. And each layer of parliaments puts the population one more step away from the real decision-making, which will always be in London and Brussels. If the EU has a democratic deficit now, a faux federal structure for the UK would create a similar deficit at the UK level.

Localism is a mirage. It works for Alex Salmond because he can play at being a big fish in a small pond. For the rest of us the need is for reinforced MPs at Westminster. I expect my MP, who represents South Cambridgeshire, to understand that the prosperity and happiness of the people of Perth (or Penzance or Portrush or Pontypool) is as important to my family’s prosperity and happiness as those of people two villages away.
David Sands
Royston, Hertfordshire

• Under Article 15 of the Act of Union 1707, Scotland was granted £398,085 10s formally to offset future liability for future English national debt, informally to reimburse the Scots elite for the botched New Caledonian scheme. If Scotland votes for independence, can we have a refund? The economists can adjust for inflation.
Hugh Smith
London

shadow of hand over a pile of GBP banknotes

We share the concerns about the introduction of fees to take cases to employment tribunals and the barrier to justice this will create (Report, 18 August). Even before fees came in, it was often incredibly hard for victims to get justice and we fear it has become harder, enabling more bad employers to get away with breaking the law. ATL fully supported and funded one of the cases you referred to, that of Rebecca Raven, a teacher who was dismissed when she became pregnant. Regrettably, we are still having to pursue the owners of the school concerned for the payment she was awarded at a tribunal in September 2012 for discrimination and unfair dismissal. Her employers, who intimated that maternity leave was bad for business, have so far not paid a penny.

While Rebecca’s case was lodged before the introduction of fees, ATL will continue to pay the fees for all members whose cases we take to tribunal, in common with other unions. We will keep arguing against fees, but such cases show why it is so important for workers to belong to trade unions if they are to stand any chance of getting access to justice following the changes the coalition government introduced.
Andy Peart
Assistant general secretary, Association of Teachers and Lecturers

bride and groom bridal flowers top hat and tails

Your correspondent (Letters, 22 August) appears to be unaware that, since the year 2000, the Church of England marriage ceremony gives the minister the option of addressing the parents of both bride and groom with the following words: “N and N have declared their intention towards each other. As their parents, will you now entrust your son and daughter to one another as they come to be married?” To which they are expected to reply: “We will.”

While I give every couple this option, in my experience the majority are still enthralled by traditionalism and prefer to be given away by their fathers.
Anne Spargo
Priest-in-charge of the Severnside Benefice of Churches, Frampton-on-Severn, Gloucestershire

• Adrian Smith’s delight at having his wife included when answering the question “who gives this woman?” at his daughter’s wedding would have been more impressive if he had eschewed the whole ridiculous business of a bride being “given away”. Daughters should rebel at being hawked around from parent to groom like some sort of frothy present. If they’re grown-up enough to get married, they’re grown-up enough not to be regarded as a chattel.
Charlotte Hofton
Ryde, Isle of Wight

• Dr Barbara Wilson and her husband Mike must feel disappointed that their story, due to a production error, was omitted from your feature (The secrets of long-term love, Weekend, 23 August) – but I did catch up with them in the online version.

Perhaps you could squeeze them in sometime in place of Blind date. Yes, I know it makes compulsive reading, but all these chaste “pecks on the cheek” do get a bit monotonous. Don’t they ever end up in bed together or, more acceptably, in a long-term relationship with each other?
Phoebe Newton
Northallerton, North Yorkshire

Parakeets

Your feature on England’s new coastal access (Travel, 23 August) underplays the achievement by merely referring to it as a coastal path. The whole point of England’s coastal access is that it provides spreading room, where the public has the right to walk, between the path and the sea and inland to the first boundary. The Welsh coastal path, although brilliant, is only a route; there is no spreading room.
Kate Ashbrook
The Open Spaces Society

• So Shetland is “nearby” to Orkney (Report, 21 August)? Can I assume that the Guardian style guide will now require Birmingham and Bristol to be described as “nearby” to London, since both involve similar distances? Although I note that public transport between Orkney and Shetland is much trickier than between London and either of those cities. And some in Shetland might remind you that they are nearer Norway than Edinburgh.
Dudley Coates
Gillingham, Dorset

• Reassuring to hear (Letters, 20 August) that an Indian fungus is about to be unleashed on the dreaded Himalayan balsam. Could it also have a go at the allegedly Himalayan rose-ringed parakeet? This squawking, screeching, braying, mob-handed, flash city-boy of a bird (they all vote Tory) has become so common in this area that Wikipedia refers to them as Kingston Parakeets.
Mike Hine
Kingston on Thames, Surrey

• Bárðarbunga about to erupt (Passnotes, 20 August). Berlusconi up to his tricks again?
Robert Walls
Camberley, Surrey

• My eight-year-old daughter, Gráinne, swims in the Irish Sea almost daily from late March to early October. She describes David Cameron’s choice of swimwear as “a wimpsuit” (Photo story, 23 August).
Cian Molloy
Wicklow

“Turner and Constable: A rivalry resumed, but who is best?” (Front page trail, 25 August). Really? Don’t we deserve better?
Brian Lawrence
High Wycombe, Buckinghamshire

Independent:

Times:

Matthew Parris asked whether the vehemence of online postings is fuelling extremism

Sir, Credit to Matthew Parris (“Don’t lump all Muslims in the extremist camp”, Aug 23) for stating the truth that has dared not speak its name. Anti-Islam is every bit as insidious and frightening as
antisemitism has been for centuries. Hatred of a seventh of the world’s people is one of the few ideologies found in equal measure within left, right, educated, uneducated, liberal, illiberal, rich and poor; and mass graves and gas chambers stand as a warning to those who cannot heed the lessons of history of which Mr Parris wisely reminds them.

James Abdul Rahman Brierley

Knighton, Leicester

Sir, Mr Parris’s article is absolutely correct that it is wrong to regard all Muslims as extremists. However, the interpretation and practice of Islam has clearly become perverted by some of its adherents. Surely the mass of mainstream Muslims have a responsibility to try to make their extremist co-religionists “righteous” too.

David Levy

London N3

Sir, Matthew Parris’s argument is flawed. Jews do not seek world domination. The Jewish diaspora has no desire to convert humanity to Judaism. Jews do not seek to proselytise by subjugation and violence. Muslims seek the creation of a single world ummah which will replace Christianity (and all other faiths and philosophies), political democracy and economic capitalism with Sharia. Most Muslims live peaceably enough in western countries influenced by centuries of Christianity, but they are bound to pray for the ultimate Muslim victory over all infidels.

Politicians and governments cannot defeat Muslim global ambition piecemeal. Legislation will do little to help. The non-specific geographical battle is not primarily about guns as yet but about ideas. British society, apostate from Christianity, lacks vision, cohesion and purpose. Instead of offering feeble and miserable platitudes, Britain’s Christian leaders should have the courage to refute Islam’s ideology and claims.

The Rev Dr Robert Anderson

Blackburn, W Lothian

Sir, Matthew Parris says he does not like Islam or Judaism. Perhaps he should extend this dislike to all religions that begin with a capital letter. To paraphrase Krishnamurti, any rigid belief system rules out the infinity of ideas and beliefs beyond that system. Or maybe Mr Parris should reflect that people, not religions, are the problem.

Graham Weiner

London N10

Sir, Matthew Parris is clearly right that stigmatising all Muslims in the UK is absurd but his substitution of Jews for Muslims is absurd since Jews never ever engaged in anti-regime wars, mass kidnappings of young women, televised beheadings of westerners, campaigns to change our diet and way of life, and so on.

Professor Yorick Wilks

Oxford

Sir, Matthew Parris rightly defends ordinary Muslims but misses the opportunity to comment on one monstrous issue. Islamic leaders have been quick to declare fatwas against westerners they consider have been disrespectful of their religion but they are silent as barbarous extremists tear its reputation to shreds.

Brian Parker

Dartmouth

Turnout for PCC elections might be higher if e-voting was treated as a serious option

Sir, The new police commissioner for the West Midlands was elected by only 5 per cent of the electorate and at a cost of £18 per vote (“Low turnout in police vote costs £3.7m”, Aug 23). The Electoral Reform Society called it “a very depressing turnout”. One possible cause was holding the poll in the holidays. The government should grasp the nettle of e-voting to encourage greater participation in the democratic process. We are expected to submit tax returns even from sunloungers abroad, so why not let us vote from them as well?

Peter Saunders

Salisbury

Rome airport has solar panels over its carparks – a win-win notion

Sir, I was most impressed by an Italian version of the solar farm. The huge car-parks at Rome airport are covered with roofed carports bearing solar panels. These generate solar power while keeping the cars in shade, so drivers returning to their cars do not need to add to fuel pollution by turning the air-conditioning to its top setting. Many UK regional airports could do this; acres of sprawling panels are no worse than acres of parked cars.

Joanne Aston

Over Silton, N Yorks

Are there lessons for today to be learnt from the history of British foreign policy?

Sir, I am delighted to see my friend and former pupil Philip Bobbitt up there with Gladstone and Palmerston (Aug 25), but he never prescribed western-style democracy as “a prerequisite to peace and reform in the Middle East”. What he did prescribe were “states of consent” which were not necessarily western-style democracies, but would, by legitimising their regimes, provide the only effective barriers against the “states of terror” that — he foresaw with terrifying accuracy — were likely to develop in the Middle East and across the whole world. Any resemblance to the policy of Neville Chamberlain is very hard to detect.

Sir Michael Howard

Eastbury, Berks

Telegraph:

The bells that ring the changes every few weeks

Dutch bells that don’t get boring

The carillon in the tower of the Westerkerk, Amsterdam, overlooks the Prinsengracht below  Photo: ALAMY

6:58AM BST 25 Aug 2014

CommentsComments

SIR – I too enjoy tuneful church bells (Letters, August 21). For the past 18 months my wife and I have lived near to the Westerkerk, one of the major churches in the centre of Amsterdam. Its bells also ring out every 15 minutes, but the tune changes every three months or so. To date we have enjoyed, among others, Dvorak’s New World Symphony and the theme to the classic John Wayne western, The Alamo.

David Rendell
Amsterdam

Home, but not alone: Sandra Howard cooks Lord Howard lunch Photo: PA

6:59AM BST 25 Aug 2014

CommentsComments

SIR – Fortunately, I do not suffer from retired husband syndrome. My nearly-but-not-quite retired husband has worked part-time from home from some years, but come 1pm he is transformed into my short-order chef, scouring the fridge for leftovers and creating tasty (and sometimes unusual) light lunches. Mind you, it usually falls to me to wash up.

Hilary Jarrett
Norwich

SIR – Before my husband’s recent retirement I wrote a job description for the Newly Retired Husband. All is well so far, with his first appraisal due at the end of this month.

Angela Crossley
Semington, Wiltshire

SIR – My husband retired recently, aged 57. His regular hobbies include snowboarding, ice and rock climbing, mountain and road biking, scuba diving, motorcycling and golf. One would think this is a full schedule of activities but, alas, no.

For inexplicable reasons he has developed an obsession with light bulbs and lighting. Every week or so he declares that the entire house should be lit by LED bulbs; I always agree. He then calculates the cost of replacements, has a small rant about how expensive it will be, then goes quiet about it until the next time.

Lisa Armstrong
Newcastle-upon-Tyne

SIR – My husband is now telling me how unselfish he is being by spending most of the summer months out umpiring cricket, so that he is not “under my feet” at home.

Barbara A Southward
Southend-on-Sea, Essex

SIR – Mariella Frostrup had a successful holiday by replacing her otherwise engaged husband with her friend’s boyfriend. I’m busy compiling a list of men-friends for my wife, whose skills around the house and garden far exceed mine. But when my wife’s friends run up their own lists, my name will be likely absent from all of them. Surely someone has use of a man interested in American politics and the theory of numbers?

Dr David Cottam
Dormansland, Surrey

‘Physician associates’

SIR – It is ridiculous to give two years’ training to science graduates and expect them as “physician associates” to be capable of doing what is essentially the job of a junior doctor. It is an insult to those who do the full seven years of training.

Patient safety stands to be compromised and the salaries mentioned are in excess of what is currently paid to our fully trained nurses. This is yet another example of the erosion of high-quality care in the NHS.

Dr Pat Simpson
Buckshaw Village, Lancashire

SIR – On the one hand, the General Medical Council is to take stronger action against poorly performing doctors, and on the other, the Government proposes to inflict half-trained quacks on the public.

The latter policy is hardly likely to increase confidence in the provision of family medicine. It would be much better to spend the money on health education for all, to stop GPs and A&E departments being overrun with trivial cases.

David Nunn FRCS
London SE3

GCSE results

SIR – Although I can understand their disappointment at the fall in English grades, as reported, I would not have expected headteachers of all people, when being asked for their comments, to refer to their pupils as “kids”.

G W Baker
Stockton-on-Tees

SIR – Is it not perverse that we are now celebrating the fact that GCSE results have got significantly worse?

Paul Strong
Claxby, Lincolnshire

Prisoner humiliation

SIR – Andy Coulson has been resident in Britain’s highest-security prison, Belmarsh, for the past six weeks and Max Clifford was publicly handcuffed to a prison officer while attending the funeral of his brother.

In neither case could the person be deemed to present a high risk. The aim of imprisonment is well known, but humiliation and unnecessary restrictions should play no part in the treatment of prisoners.

Howard Thomas
(Chief probation officer, North Wales, 1986-97)
Nannerch, Flintshire

Sucks twice as much

SIR – If Seamus Hamill-Keays (Letters, August 23) has to use his vacuum cleaner for twice as much time, then he will have to replace it twice as often. Perhaps this is the true purpose of the EU legislation – to provide employment for vacuum cleaner manufacturers. Who is going to tell Brussels that most of these appliances are now made in the Far East ?

John Newbury
Warminster, Wiltshire

Chill out

SIR – At Asda in Kendal there is no need for signs requesting shoppers to be fully clothed (Letters, August 22). I have to put an extra layer on before entering in order to survive the refrigerated section. Recently I heard a mother explaining to her child that they would have to be “very brave” as they were going into the chilled section.

Never has the balmy tinned-goods aisle seemed so alluring.

Fiona Boyles
Dent, West Yorkshire

‘Middle-skilled’ jobs

SIR – Your report highlighted how Britain is competing, and succeeding, on the international stage to produce people with degree-level skills.

The article also alludes to the long-term trend in Britain towards an “hourglass-shaped” jobs market. We are generating lots of highly skilled management and professional jobs and lots of lower-skilled jobs, for example in care or hospitality, but fewer traditional “middle-skilled” jobs, as these are being automated or off-shored.

This “pinch point” risks creating obstacles to social mobility. As your article says, if the trend continues, there will be less opportunity for lower-skilled workers to progress. This makes the central social purpose of the workplace – to help people get on in life – more difficult to realise.

Given that 80 per cent of those who will make up the workforce in a decade’s time are already in employment, we need different approaches – to education, to technology and to the structure of our organisations and the jobs within them – to build an economy that is more productive and inclusive. For a start, we need greater connectivity between education and the world of work so that young people, workers and workplaces become more agile in response to faster technological cycles and competition from a global labour market.

Sir Charlie Mayfield
Chair, John Lewis Partnership; Chair, UK Commission for Employment and Skills
London SW1

Clerk’s appointment

SIR – The House of Commons Clerk (Letters, August 23) is a servant of the House, and is an appointment that should be made by the Commons as a House, not by the Speaker alone.

The Commons is supposed to be paramount. It should act accordingly.

Philip Thomas
Poling, West Sussex

Proof of proposal

SIR – Sarah Rainey’s piece on the camera that films the moment a suitor proposes prompted me to recall the afternoon, 54 years ago, when my boyfriend telephoned from abroad to propose to me. I was so surprised (though absolutely delighted) that I asked him to put it in writing, which he did.

Having recently found the letter, I now carry a photocopy of it in my handbag.

Freda Poole
Farley Hill, Berkshire

Theresa May should reassure the public that her proposals will turn into action

Theresa May, the Home Secretary, says that at least 500 British citizens have travelled to fight in Syria and Iraq

Theresa May, the Home Secretary, says that at least 500 British citizens have travelled to fight in Syria and Iraq Photo: GEOFF PUGH

7:00AM BST 25 Aug 2014

CommentsComments

SIR – The proposals by Theresa May, the Home Secretary, to bring in new laws to deal with the jihadist threat are to be welcomed. But what I want to hear is a clear declaration that laws are actually being drafted, when they will come before Parliament and when they are likely to become law. Time is not to be lost in the pre-election vacuum, as some of these British jihadists may be returning soon.

Laurence Barnes
Downderry, Cornwall

SIR – Your leading article rightly highlights the complications of dealing with British citizens who hate their homeland. However, could someone explain why the charge of treason is not being invoked for those British citizens who are committed to its destruction?

Andre Adamson
West Byfleet, Surrey

SIR – Theresa May’s proposed legislation is a welcome but reactive measure. It would be better to identify potential terrorists in Britain before it is too late. Police officers patrolling streets and engaging with families, and more importantly, schools and faith groups, would help achieve this.

The Home Secretary had this in place with neighbourhood policing teams, but budget cuts in excess of 25 per cent have led to to the loss of thousands of police officers and the decimation of these highly effective teams.

Clifford Baxter
Wareham, Dorset

SIR – The world is rightly horrified at the killing of James Foley. Yet the execution of more than 800 political opponents in Iran since the “moderate” Hassan Rouhani became president draws no comment.

Now we learn that the West may seek to befriend his government. A policy of appeasement would be disastrous, not only for Iranians but the whole world.

Betty Harris
London N1

SIR – Never has the saying “the enemy of my enemy is my friend” been more apposite than in the case of the Syrian regime today.

Quiet diplomacy must be conducted with President Bashar al-Assad to permit Western air power to be deployed on Syrian soil in order to provide effective and sustained air support to those ground forces opposed to Isil. Time is of the essence.

Brigadier John Dean (retd)
Bridport, Dorset

SIR – There has been recent speculation about supporting President Assad in Syria because he is now fighting Isil. But remember that his regime tortures and kills thousands of Syrians every year, war or no war, and that Syria under the Assads has invaded its neighbours and supplied weapons to terrorist groups to attack Israel.

Assad is no friend of the West and never will be.

Justin G Taylor
Preston, Lancashire

Irish Times:

Sir, – There is something rather obnoxious about the phenomenon of letters to the editor that are signed by a list of academics, as was to be seen in your edition of August 23rd, where 102 academics signed a letter demanding a referendum on abolishing the Eighth Amendment to our Constitution. Is this a case of academics overestimating the respect in which they are held by the population at large, who are well aware of their vulnerability to intellectual and political fashions? Or does it simply take 102 to compose one letter?

Let’s concentrate on arguments, not on letters after a name. – Yours, etc,

MAOLSHEACHLANN

Ó CEALLAIGH,

Sillogue Gardens,

Ballymun, Dublin 11.

Sir, – While it is decidedly impressive that 102 academics can agree on something, this is not in itself a decisive argument. The group make a good point in saying they are under 50 and haven’t had the opportunity to vote on abortion: it can certainly be argued that the issue is more pressing for the young, and that the youth of today deserve their say. They also show compassion for the distress the issue has caused the many, many women suffering the brunt of our laws prohibiting abortion, adding an important and poignant reason for holding another referendum.

Unfortunately the core argument they put forward to support abortion is flawed. Basing the right to abortion on the right of a woman to make decisions about her body overlooks a key fact about pregnancy, which is that the foetus is not the woman’s body. We can’t see it without the benefit of technology, and it lives inside the woman’s body, placing a severe burden upon her, but it exists as a distinct biological entity. An argument for abortion must deal with the potential rights for this entity. That is not to say that an embryo or foetus should have the full rights of a person; just that if we are making an argument for terminating the unborn we should take some account of its existence. If it is believed that the foetus should have no human rights, then this should be stated, and an argument made to support the contention. A society should choose its ethical position on the right to life with its eyes fully open. If we ignore the issues, we haven’t made our case, no matter how long the parade of academics. – Yours, etc,

COLIN WALSH,

Templeville Road,

Templeogue, Dublin 6W.

Sir, – The letter signed by 102 academics arguing in favour of the “pro-choice” position on the abortion issue should not be misinterpreted to mean that academics generally agree with this argument. Indeed I do not know how academics would divide on this issue but I do know that it would not be difficult to get 102 academic signatures to a letter supporting the “pro-life” side of the argument. – Yours, etc,

WILLIAM REVILLE

Emeritus Professor,

School of Biochemistry

and Cell Biology,

University College Cork.

A chara, – The slightly more than “100 academics” who signed the letter carried in these pages on August 23rd calling for a referendum to appeal the Eighth Amendment have an interesting idea of what a “mandate” is. A mandate is something granted by the people of the nation to their elected representatives on the basis of the manifesto on which they campaigned. It not something created by a self-selected group of people by virtue of their co-signing a letter, even if they happen to have graduate degrees. Galling for them, no doubt, but that’s democracy for you. And why, might one ask, does it happen that the majority of signatories are resident outside this jurisdiction? Are we to gather from this that, out of the thousands of academics living and working in the Republic, they could barely round up 50 to declare the existence of this “mandate” and needed to go outside our borders to bolster the numbers? Not very impressive when one notes that, even then, they could hardly break three figures.

But it doesn’t really matter if their letter was signed by one, one hundred, or a thousand; it still doesn’t manufacture a mandate for a referendum. That requires an election during which politicians are elected, or not, on the basis of their declared stance on the matter. And during that election each of those academics who signed will get exactly one vote each just like everybody else, presuming they happen to be in the country at the time and are eligible to vote.

It might be hard for some with many degrees to accept the idea that their voice or vote is no stronger than those who never finished school, but such is the way of things unless they can manage to swing a constitutional amendment of an entirely different type. I wish them luck trying. – Is mise,

Rev PATRICK G BURKE,

Castlecomer,

Co Kilkenny.

Sir, – Henry McClave takes me to task (August 23rd) for daring to question the motives of a vocal minority who oppose the development of tourism and amenity infrastructure along the river Barrow. In the interests of fairness, I need to correct his contention that I objected to the notion of a grassy footpath along the banks of the river. I never suggested that.

The banks of the Barrow are about 10 metres wide, sometimes wider, and providing a narrow, grit-surfaced two metre-wide strip on one bank will still leave lots of room for people who prefer to walk on grass. There is, it would seem, no real conflict between my aspirations for the route and those of your correspondent.

I would also agree with him on another thing; the section between Graiguenamanagh and St Mullins is the best of the Barrow Way, but the more you go north of Graiguenamanagh, the worse it gets. While it is reasonably passable for well-shod walkers, it certainly isn’t suitable for cyclists, and you couldn’t put a buggy or a wheelchair anywhere on it.

My issue is with those who would seek to block or delay the provision of the kind of infrastructure that is the norm in other countries, the countries that enjoy a booming trade in cycling and walking tourism. By our policy of not providing long routes for this highly sustainable business, we allow this trade and the jobs that go with it to go elsewhere.

We have a short greenway in Mayo that is enough to keep an average cyclist happy for half a day, but nobody is going to spend a week cycling up and down it like a hamster in a wheel.

As your other correspondent Seamus Lennon pointed out on the same page, we need long trails to attract and sustain this business, but the only way we can create these is on strips of publicly owned land. Canal and river navigation towpaths and disused rail lines are assets that we haven’t yet learned to leverage to create jobs and opportunities, as well as providing a better quality of life for our citizens. We need to play catch-up. – Yours, etc,

JOHN MULLIGAN,

Kiltycreighton,

Boyle,

Co Roscommon.

Sir, – As a regular walker of the towpaths of Irish waterways, I write in support of the observations by John Mulligan (August 21st) and Denis Bergin (August 22nd).

The Barrow Navigation south of Goresbridge to St Mullins is by far the prettiest waterway in the country. The topography of the valley guarantees that the cycle path will be narrow and the impact on both visual amenity and wild life minimal.

This towpath is also likely to be highly successful, and bring some business and liveliness along the waterway to the towns of Monasterevin, Athy and Graiguenamanagh.

On the waterways in general, there is a need for tighter planning requirements. A large house built in recent years with a long retaining wall fronting the towpath on an unspoiled vista several miles south of Carlow town, or two bloated residences one or two miles apart on what is historically the most evocative section of the Newry canal, are disturbing instances of the need for greater awareness by planning authorities. – Yours, etc,

LM CULLEN,

Sydney Avenue,

Blackrock,

Co Dublin.

Sir, – As a retired Deis school principal, I commend Alison Healy for her article “More children arriving in school hungry, survey of teachers finds” (Home News, August 25th).

I have written to The Irish Times previously on this issue and I believe that it is something that must be addressed urgently.

There is a wonderful scheme administered by the Department of Social Protection called the School Meals Scheme. It funds certain schools to provide breakfasts, lunches and snacks to their pupils. While I was principal, I found this scheme to be invaluable. The positive outcomes for children in such areas as discipline, attendance and educational development were hugely enhanced by the provision of a healthy, nutritious and daily lunch.

I have written to Minister for Social Protection Joan Burton on many occasions in praise of this scheme. However there are many schools that have huge food poverty issues that are not included in the scheme. I would respectfully urge the Government, and in particular Ms Burton, to review the School Meals Scheme with a view to expanding it to include those needy children. I know that this is an issue that is close to the Minister’s heart and it would be money very well spent. Our children are the future for this great country. Let’s make sure that they are well nourished in school and allow them to give of their best. – Yours, etc,

PAT BURKE WALSH,

Ballymoney,

Co Wexford.

Sir, – I was confused by the assertion in your editorial (“Renewing rural Ireland”, August 20th) that directing the majority of rural development funding under the EU’s Common Agricultural Policy (CAP) to farmers is a mistake and could undermine rural prosperity and employment.

Agriculture is the predominant rural industry; to take funding away from a farming sector that is already under severe financial pressure would lead to a grave deterioration in the rural economy, and certainly not an improvement.

The objective of the Rural Development Programme allocated under the CAP is to improve the economic and social situation of all rural areas.

Agriculture is the backbone industry of the rural economy and directing funding towards farming enterprises in order to meet that objective makes perfect sense.

The resourcing of agriculture through the Rural Development Programme funding pays dividends not just for farmers but for economic activity across rural Ireland.

Over 300,000 people are employed directly on farms or indirectly in the agri-food industry throughout Ireland, while the industry contributes approximately €24 billion to the national economy.

A buoyant and sustainable agriculture sector, and a fair standard of living for the agricultural community, will drive a regionally balanced economic recovery. Towns are the traditional centres of economic activity in rural Ireland, but farming and the agri-industry based in and around those towns have always driven and sustained that economic activity. They must be supported to continue to do so. – Yours, etc,

FLOR McCARTHY,

IFA National Rural

Development Chairman,

Kilowen House,

Kenmare,

Co Kerry.

Sir, – I read with interest the 34 recommendations by the Commission for the Economic Development of Rural Areas (“34 ways to improve rural life”, August 23rd).

May I suggest a 35th? Establish a responsible and strategic delivery for a co-ordinated and accountable mechanism that would implement capacity-building within a regulatory and administrative framework in order for the continuation of a community-led developmental approach with the potential to open up economic and proportionate frameworks, along with a multi-agency approach to further develop public policy instruments that would highlight a clear national definition.

I could add a couple more but I have to pop out and milk the goats. – Yours, etc,

TIM FitzSIMON,

Attyslany,

Tubber,

Co Clare.

Sir, – While Educate Together is delighted that the opening of our first second-level schools is getting such positive coverage from The Irish Times, we would like to make a couple of clarifications in relation to “Educate Together secondary school opens” (August 23rd).

You state that “Educate Together plans to open 10 schools . . . over the next decade in the east of the country, where demand is greatest”. Educate Together is currently opening eight secondary schools in the next two years. In 2016, we will open a secondary in Carrigaline and we also have a vibrant campaign group in Galway that has been working tirelessly on this issue for many years.

Widespread demand for our model of education is evident in all parts of the country. For instance, next week we are opening new primary schools in the Galway suburb of Knocknacarra, in Newtownwhite in Co Mayo, in Tramore and in Trim. Only two of the six new Educate Together primary schools are in the Dublin area.

The article also states that “the demand for Educate Together schools is greatest in areas where there is ethnic diversity”. While we have many excellent schools in very diverse communities, the reality is that the Educate Together schools with the longest waiting lists are in very established areas – in Glenageary, Glasnevin, Bray, Kilkenny, Ranelagh. This year we are setting up a new school for Dublin 4 with two full classes of junior infants, the Shellybanks Educate Together National School.

The demand for Educate Together schools comes mainly from a generation on generation change of attitude within the indigenous population that is being augmented by the needs of migrant families. Parents all over the country are increasingly seeing the benefit of their children being taught in an ethos of equality and respect that suits the needs of a modern, democratic Ireland. – Yours, etc,

PAUL ROWE,

Chief Executive,

Educate Together,

Hogan Place,

Sir, – Should Dublin and Donegal play out a draw in next Sunday’s second All-Ireland football semi-final, can the GAA confirm that the replay will be held in St Tiarnach’s Park, Clones, or Breffni Park, Cavan?

Answers on the back of an unused Garth Brooks ticket, please. – Yours, etc,

DOM GRADWELL,

Trinity Gardens,

Drogheda, Co Louth.

Sir, – I imagine that the Taoiseach must be inspired and frustrated in equal measure by Mayo’s brilliant comeback in the second half of the All-Ireland semi-final against Kerry at Croke Park.

But what an anti-climax to schedule the replay in Limerick and with so brief a respite for the exhausted players. This is an amateur game after all.

But those running affairs at Croke Park have surely taken their eye off the ball and deserve a yellow if not a red card for the extraordinary decision not to reschedule the replay in Croke Park itself, especially when the capacity at the Gaelic Grounds in Limerick is only 49,866, over 2,000 short of the attendance for the drawn match.

In my view this situation is much worse than the Garth Brooks fiasco, for the All-Ireland championship is the very raison d’être of Croke Park.

No commercial arrangement can be allowed to downgrade the national importance of the All-Ireland championship. – Yours, etc,

Dr GERALD

MORGAN, FTCD

The Chaucer Hub,

Trinity College, Dublin 2.

Sir, – Janneke van Veen (August 23rd) states that 500 million people voted in the European Parliament elections in 2014. That is incorrect. The total population of the EU is approximately 500 million. Of those approximately 390 million are registered to vote. Data available from the European Parliament shows that 42.5 per cent of registered voters actually did so in 2014. This leaves a total turnout of approximately 166 million. In every European Parliament election since its foundation the percentage of voter turnout has declined. – Yours, etc,

GILES FOX,

Annville Drive,

Kilmacud,

Co Dublin.

Sir, – Arminta Wallace (“The times we lived in”, Magazine, August 23rd) states that WT Cosgrave was “the first leader of Fine Gael and the first president of Ireland”. Douglas Hyde was the first president of Ireland and Eoin O’Duffy was the first leader of Fine Gael. Interestingly, O’Duffy is conspicuous by his absence from the photographs of former Fine Gael leaders in the party meeting room in Leinster House. – Yours, etc,

JOHN A MURPHY,

Rosebank,

Douglas Road, Cork.

Irish Independent:

Some of the greatest evils spring from recruiting God exclusively to one’s side. The claim to have unique access to God’s intentions for the world leads inevitably to arrogance and fanaticism. What is happening in Iraq has its provenance in this kind of thinking.

As the surge of evil gathers momentum across the Middle East and North Africa, we begin to see how warped minds reach for every available instrument of terror – all in the name of God – driven by a delusional ideology that seizes the imagination, festers within communities, and offers the certainty of a place in heaven.

This gives young men a narcissistic sense of significance – a chance to be a somebody and a maker of the world.

To demand that people who do not share your faith relinquish theirs or die takes arrogance and inhumanity to a new level.

The massacre of 80 Yazidis, followers of one of the oldest monotheistic religions, as they refused to convert to Islam, and the unspeakable depravity of the murder of James Foley should awaken the world to the threat to human freedom and disregard for innocent life represented by the Islamic State fanatics.

The fanatical practice of religion has of course been well matched by the barbarity of atheistic communism, particularly under Stalin and Pol Pot. But the smugness accompanying dogmatic certainty, underpinned by the unaccountable exercise of power, can only be punctured by dialogue and reflection. Unfortunately, this is in short supply when you presume to be acting on behalf of God or engaged in the creation of a new utopia.

We do not need to look beyond the recent history of our own island to see the consequences of the arrogance of power and the mindless drift into indiscriminate killing and bombing, carried out as if it is almost recreational.

Philip O’Neill, Oxford, England

 

Rail staff – time for reality check

Severe traffic congestion in wet, miserable weather and gross personal inconvenience inflicted on tens of thousands of locals and tourists are unlikely to inspire much public sympathy for the cause of striking rail workers.

Rail workers may believe they are supremely useful and that the country would somehow fall asunder without them.

But the number of journeys reported by Irish Rail has dropped by over 15pc, from 43.3 million in 2008, to under 37 million last year. During this period the average rail fare increased by a hefty 12pc, from €4.31 to €4.82, while the net increase in the consumer price index was just 3.4pc.

When compared with other options – a bus, bicycle, or car – rail journeys are simply not considered good value.

The arguments advanced to justify this strike are reminiscent of the process of collective self-hypnosis, by which hereditary aristocrats attempted to convince the public over a hundred years ago that their distinctive claims on caste survival made them indispensable.

If the strikers participating in this ritual of rebellion fail to take a reality check on the limits of public tolerance, the railways may well be brushed aside like the hereditary peerage – or privatised – because neither taxpayers nor the travelling public will be blackmailed.

Myles Duffy, Glenageary, Co Dublin

 

All-Ireland replay a fiasco

I imagine the Taoiseach must be inspired and frustrated in equal measure by Mayo’s brilliant comeback in the second half of the All-Ireland semi-final against Kerry at Croke Park on Sunday.

But what an anti-climax to schedule the replay in Limerick and with so brief a respite for the exhausted players.

This is an amateur game, after all. But those running affairs at Croke Park have surely taken their eye off the ball and deserve a yellow – if not a red – card for the extraordinary decision not to reschedule the replay in Croke Park itself, especially when the capacity at the Gaelic Grounds in Limerick is only 49,866; over 2,000 short of the attendance at Croke Park last Sunday.

This situation is much worse than the Garth Brooks fiasco, for the All-Ireland Championship is the very raison d’etre of Croke Park.

No commercial arrangement can be allowed to downgrade the national importance of the All-Ireland final.

Gerald Morgan, Trinity College, Dublin 2

The semi-final between Mayo and Kerry was what Gaelic football should be all about.

Certainly, the first half was nothing to write home about, with both teams retreating into the bunker at any sign of danger.

But the second half made up for it with robust, manly tackles, where there were no prisoners taken on the field of play, people jumping for joy one minute and praying for divine intervention the next.

The icing on the cake for those like me, with no county allegiances, 
is that it has to happen all over 
again.

But we are left with the strange scenario on Saturday of this much anticipated semi-final replay playing second fiddle to the side show of American football in Croke 
Park (it could have been Garth Brooks).

It’s a sad state of affairs when Gaelic football has been demoted, with fans having to travel to Limerick for the rematch (no disrespect to Limerick).

It’s not the end of the world, but it does matter. Croke Park was built to facilitate the playing of an amateur game that gave hope to a downtrodden people in years gone by.

What message does this send out to the thousands who commit their time, voluntarily, week in, week out, year after year?

This All-Ireland replay should be taking place in Croke Park and nowhere else.

James Woods, Gort an Choirce, Dun na nGall

 

Stop funding the Irish language

As someone who’ll never see 75 again, I’m always cheered by good news – like the piece by your columnist Lorraine Courtney, in last Saturday’s Irish Independent ‘Weekend Review’.

Ms Courtney tells us that the Irish language trails both English and Polish in Ireland, yet I don’t think public money is spent on either of these two tongues.

So why are such hard-to-come-by funds thrown at the promotion of, and teaching of, Irish?

Does Italy throw money at the preservation of Latin? Does Washington DC throw money at the preservation of the Comanche language?

Despite this country being on its knees economically, I venture to suggest that the reason why not one of our so-called politicians calls a halt to this madness of funding the Irish language is because not one of them has the ‘liathroidi’ to say ‘stop’.

And, as usual, the loser is the taxpayer.

Michael Dryhurst, Four Mile House, Roscommon

Irish Independent


Recovery

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27 August 2014 Recovery

I jog around the park I still have arthritis in my left knee, but I manage to get round the park. A wettish day. I sort out two wine books

I bump in to Mary and she has a fall shes a little better today

Obituary:

Lady Berlin – obituary

Lady Berlin was a French amateur golfer who fled the Nazi occupation in her Bentley coupé and later won the heart of the philosopher Sir Isaiah Berlin

Aline de Gunzbourg by George Hoyningen-Huene, 1934, taken in Paris shortly before her marriage to André Strauss

Aline de Gunzbourg by George Hoyningen-Huene, 1934, taken in Paris shortly before her marriage to André Strauss

8:14PM BST 26 Aug 2014

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Lady Berlin, who has died aged 99 , was for more than four decades the adored and adoring wife of Sir Isaiah Berlin; she was also at different times in her life a principal shareholder and director of the Ritz Hotel in Paris and, as Aline de Gunzbourg and then Aline Strauss, a noted amateur golfer in France and England before the Second World War.

Belonging by birth and by her first marriage to the top echelon of French Jewry, she was already a widow with a young son when, in 1941, she escaped from the France of Hitler and Pétain for the safety of the United States. It was during the sea voyage to America that she was first glimpsed by Isaiah Berlin, then on his way to a British government posting in New York; but their marriage still lay 15 years ahead.

Aline Elisabeth Yvonne de Gunzbourg was born on January 4 1915 in London, the youngest of the four children of Baron Pierre de Gunzbourg and his wife Yvonne. The family lived in Paris, but at an early stage of the First World War had moved temporarily to London, fearful that the French capital would be shelled by German artillery. Aline had an English nanny and then governess, and so grew up speaking both English and French.

Her father Pierre was the son of Baron Horace de Gunzburg , the Russian-Jewish banker and philanthropist who received a barony from the Grand Duke of Hesse, whom he served as honorary consul in St Petersburg. It was Horace’s father, Evzel Gunzburg (son of the prosperous rabbi of Vitebsk), who made the family fortune, eventually founding banks in Kiev, Odessa and St Petersburg.

One of Baron Horace’s many philanthropic enterprises was the celebrated Jewish Encyclopaedia, the compilation of which offered hard-up Jewish writers and scholars the chance to earn some money. It was a work that Isaiah Berlin, as a boy in Russia, read voraciously.

Like other rich Russians of their day, Baron Horace and his parents spent part of every year in Paris, and even elected to be buried there rather than in Russia. Their surname became French in style, with the addition of an “o” after the “b”. Much of their wealth, including the family palace on Konnogvardeiskii Boulevard in the centre of St Petersburg, was lost in the wake of the Bolshevik Revolution of October 1917.

Aline’s mother, Yvonne, was a daughter of Emile Deutsch de la Meurthe, of A Deutsch et Fils, the pioneering family-owned oil refinery and distribution business with operations across France, Spain, Russia and Austria-Hungary. Emile and his brother foresaw the opportunities for their business offered by the development of the internal combustion engine, and while promoting the French motor and aviation industries also introduced the first petrol pumps to France.

Aline grew up in Paris with her three siblings at 54 avenue d’Iéna, next door to the duc de Mouchy. An immense hôtel particulier that had been built by Emile Deutsch de la Meurthe in 1882, No 54 was later divided into four apartments. Emile occupied the first floor, the Gunzbourgs another, Yvonne’s sister Valentine Esmond and her family the third, and Baron Eugène Fould-Springer and his family the fourth.

The Gunzbourg household included two cooks; Alcide, the maitre d’hotel; and footmen, valets, lady’s maids and various other staff, as well as the nurses and governesses. The footmen wore the family’s dark green livery; the children’s prams and the family’s cars were painted in the same dark green, the cars with the Gunzbourg arms displayed on the side. A petrol pump was installed in the hôtel courtyard.

The Gunzbourgs also had a house at Garches, to the west of Paris on the edge of the St Cloud country club golf course, where, aged seven, Aline took up the game. She also played golf during family summer holidays with her Esmond cousins at North Berwick in Scotland, and by her late teens was becoming a well-known figure in the golfing world. In 1932 she was runner-up in the English girls’ championship at Stoke Poges, losing only at the 19th hole to Pauline Doran.

Two years later, in April 1934, she won the French Ladies’ Close Championship (open only to French golfers), the day after she had become engaged to be married. At St Cloud in 1937, now under her married name of Strauss, she again reached the final of this event, but was beaten 4 and 3 by her good friend Mme Renée Lacoste, the mother of the great French golfer Catherine Lacoste.

Aline had married André (“Dédé”) Strauss, son of the banker and Impressionist picture collector Jules Strauss, in Paris in October 1934. They had met through Dédé’s first cousin Antoinette, who was married to Aline’s elder brother Philippe. Following their marriage in the synagogue in the rue de la Victoire, the couple moved into an apartment on the second floor of 54 avenue d’Iéna, where their son Michel was born in September 1936.

As another war loomed, Dédé bought the 17th-century Château de Brécourt in Normandy as a country refuge for his young family. But by then he had been diagnosed with cancer and, although the disease went into remission, he succumbed to it in 1939, four months before the outbreak of war. In his memory Aline gave the Louvre a magnificent 17th-century bronze bust of King Louis XIV as a child.

With the German invasion of France in May 1940, Aline decided to head south. At the wheel of her 1937 black Bentley coupé (with a spare can of petrol in the boot) she drove from Brécourt to Biarritz in a day, but then was unable to obtain the exit visas needed to leave for Spain. In June, with the division of France into Occupied and Unoccupied (Vichy) zones, the Spanish border was closed to all. Brécourt was seized by the Germans.

When Pétain’s Vichy regime published the first of its anti-Jewish edicts in October, Aline was at Cannes with her parents and other family members. Having resolved that they must all leave for America, she managed to obtain visas from the American consulate in Nice and, with difficulty, exit visas from the Vichy authorities. She and her little boy then made their way by train to Lisbon and thence to New York, to be followed later by her parents and others.

New York was then filling up with refugees from France, among them Baron Robert de Rothschild and his daughter Cécile. Aline and Cécile played golf together on Long Island, and it was at a house there, in 1942, that Aline was introduced to Isaiah Berlin. She made more of an impression on him than he did on her: she could not follow what he said and thought him rather unprepossessing. He made no greater impression when they met again at a party in New York.

Then, in 1943, Aline met Hans Halban, a nuclear physicist who had escaped from France in 1940. Not long afterwards they were married and went to live in Montreal, where Hans was director of an atomic research laboratory. They were to have two sons, Peter and Philippe. In 1946 they moved to England, where Halban had been appointed to a post at Oxford. They settled at Headington House, and Isaiah Berlin became a regular guest and family friend.

The Halbans’ marriage was not wholly happy, and Aline liked Isaiah because he made her laugh. When Isaiah sailed for America in 1949, to go to Harvard, Aline happened again to be on the same ship, now on the way to visit her widowed mother in New York. During the voyage (two days longer than usual because the ship ran aground off Cherbourg) they became inseparable friends, but no more than that.

In 1952 Aline drove Isaiah to the summer music festival at Aix-en-Provence. The next year she visited him often in his rooms at All Souls as she helped him with a French translation of his essay The Hedgehog and the Fox. “I like her very much,” Isaiah wrote to a friend. “She is beautifully bred and altogether charming: and lives in a curiously detached way in Oxford, to which she does not belong in any sense and which she reacts to in a half sleepwalking fashion.”

Isaiah’s father, Mendel Berlin, died in December 1953, and a month or two later Isaiah asked Aline to give him a lift up to London, where he had to sort out some of his father’s affairs. During the drive up to London, Isaiah declared his feelings for Aline and touched her hand. Although Aline said nothing, she felt moved — and she remembered thinking: “Damn.” She began to see Isaiah, but then at Easter 1954, when Isaiah was staying with his mother at Nice, he received a letter from Aline breaking off relations. Hans Halban had overheard a long telephone conversation she had had with Isaiah, and was now threatening to divorce her and to take the children. Isaiah was so distressed that he took to his bed for two days.

Back in Oxford, he received a telephone call from an anguished Aline inviting him to drinks at Headington House. Halban, himself in some anguish, had decided that they should all try to remain on good terms. Soon, though, Aline and Isaiah were seeing each other again. Towards the end of 1954 Hans Halban accepted an offer from the French government to head a nuclear physics laboratory in Paris; Aline said she could not accompany him.

They agreed to a formal separation, and a fortnight later Isaiah Berlin proposed to Aline in the Oxford botanical garden. When her mother, who had met, and liked, Isaiah, heard that Aline was to marry him, she exclaimed: “Mais il est inépousable!” But once Aline’s divorce from Hans Halban had been finalised, they were married, on February 7 1956, at Hampstead Synagogue. Isaiah was knighted the next year.

Isaiah and Aline Berlin in 1955

During more than 40 years of marriage thereafter, the Berlins did everything they could together, in Oxford, where Isaiah became the founding president of Wolfson College, and further afield. With their base at Headington House, they also had a flat in London (a set of rooms in Albany) and they built a house at Paraggi, above Porto Fino on the Ligurian coast of Italy. They had a very extensive circle of friends and an active social life.

There were annual visits to New York and Jerusalem, and wherever they went as the years went by they were feted at receptions and dinners. They attended countless concerts, operas and music festivals, seldom missing a season at Glyndebourne, Salzburg or Pesaro. They attended as many of their friend Alfred Brendel’s concerts as they could. Isaiah would describe his recreations as “my wife and listening to music”.

Aline Berlin’s connection with the Ritz Hotel in Paris came about through her father’s first cousin Baron Jacques de Gunzbourg, who was one of the hotel’s founders. When Jacques’s son Nicky, the socialite, decided to dispose of the Ritz shares he had inherited, Aline’s father bought them and gave them to her. Her fellow shareholders and directors included Charles Ritz and Stavros Niarchos. Eventually the hotel was sold to Mohamed Fayed.

Sir Isaiah died in 1997. Two years later Lady Berlin travelled to Latvia, when the country’s authorities installed a commemorative plaque on Isaiah’s childhood home in Riga. As a trustee of the Isaiah Berlin Literary Trust she was instrumental in the continuing publication of Sir Isaiah’s work and letters, a process which gave her the greatest pleasure.

A frail, elegant figure, always immaculately dressed, Lady Berlin continued to travel, and to keep up a busy social life well into her eighties. She tended to avoid large gatherings, but would think nothing of a day-trip to Paris. Latterly, as her activities became restricted by increasing ill health, she none the less continued to receive a steady stream of devoted family members and friends.

Lady Berlin is survived by her three sons.

Lady Berlin, born January 4 1915, died August 25 2014

Guardian:

Alex Salmond

I am one of a generation of Scots who understand politics as power. What is happening right now is that people all over Scotland are talking to each other about what is in the best interests of themselves, their children and their neighbours. As Monday’s debate evidenced, ‘“ordinary” people are holding politicians to account (Salmond emerges on top in tough TV debate, 26 August). The phenomenon is nothing short of sensational and yet the Guardian sticks to the same old analysis, deploying a frame of reference about the nature of a politics that most of the public have already rejected, one way or another.

In Scotland people are realising that democracy is not an empty word, it is a state of mind – we can do this if we want to. The old elites, including those in the media, must move aside to let different voices have their say.
Ann Jamieson
Cambridge

• As expected, Alex Salmond won the stairhead rammy that passed for a second debate on points. But other referendums show that the side supporting the status quo does not need to win the debate – it just needs to show that a vote for change involves risks and uncertainties.

The first minister’s improved performance will not turn public opinion around and it looks beyond doubt that Scotland will vote against a break-up of the United Kingdom. There were just too many intractable problems – pensions, jobs, public spending, tax-base shrinkage, oil, green energy, black-outs, defence and, above all, currency.
Dr John Cameron
St Andrews

• I’m sure I can’t be alone in feeling frustrated at the level of referendum debate. There is also a hint of embarrassment at the thought that the rest of the UK was watching the bickering, but the main issue was that we learned nothing new, and pre-match analysis had already told us that Darling would pick up on the currency debate again, while Salmond would go for the NHS jugular. How would an independent Scottish government respond to what is going on in Syria, and with Isis? Would it stop sending patients to private hospitals? How would it fund pensions, increased childcare, “free” personal care for the elderly, or renationalising Royal Mail? What contingency plans are in place for when businesses and banks move their headquarters south? Whether I think about it from a self-centred perspective, or from concern for my children and future generations, I am alarmed that such a momentous decision will be made on the basis of plans that are so lacking in information and transparency, and which seem, as your editorial suggests (Not so different, 26 August), to take no account of wider world matters.
Dr Sally Cheseldine
Edinburgh

• Your editorial rightly says that an independent Scotland will still face the policy dilemmas produced by global capitalism. But it might have the freedom to show more courage, and protect institutions such as the NHS, libraries etc (Losing the plot, 26 August).
John Haworth
Visiting professor in wellbeing, University of Bolton

• Helping the Better Together campaign in the Borders last week, I was told by a voter on the doorstep: “My heart says yes to independence; my head says no.” Yet surely there are as many, if not more, reasons for the heart to say no as well as the head, something the debates have not yet properly recognised. So many of us have mixed heritage and have family and friends across all parts of the UK. Those of us living just south of the border feel these emotional and kinship links particularly strongly and view with alarm the creation of an international frontier between us. Being British as well as Scottish or English is important to us – as another voter said to me: “I’m not giving up my British passport for anyone.” Perhaps, too, someone should remind Alex Salmond that our NHS was introduced by a Welsh secretary of state under a government headed by an Englishman, Clement Attlee, and by a party founded by a Scot, Keir Hardie.
Joyce Quin
Labour, House of Lords

• Suzanne Moore (Comment, 26 August) says the English response to the debate is one of envy. I am British. I was a British public servant for 26 years and I am angry.

Angry that I (and many others) am not allowed to vote on the future of my country. Angry that Salmond is creating hopes that will not take no for an answer. Angry that the yes group is claiming to protect the NHS that was founded by a British government. And angry that UK governments, over the years, have failed, by their self-preserving short-termism, to tackle the West Lothian question. This is at the core of the public perception that politics is irrelevant.

Whatever happens in September, next May we should demand parties that have a long-term view of the future of this nation – “long-term” meaning for the next generation (at least) and not just about pacifying the SNP or Ukip or whoever else is around by then.
Andrew Martin
Swindon

• Val McDermid stigmatises as “fearties” those who doubt the wisdom of Scottish independence (Comment, 22 August). This playground taunt is not uncommon in Scotland today. Its near relative is the charge that those who do not want independence have a psychological flaw – “the Scottish cringe” – allegedly induced by centuries of alleged English domination. Both are attempts to poison the wells of debate, and discredit those opposed to independence irrespective of the arguments they may offer. On the other side devotees are urged to trust all to Scotland somewhat as the religious are supposed to trust all to the Lord. Perhaps such attitudes are only to be expected when no one really has the capacity to master all the relevant information and make a fully informed judgment.
Paul Brownsey
Glasgow

• As an Englishman, my desire for the union to continue is based on my feeling British and the belief that together we can build something finer than if we split apart; but looking around the world, I am also frightened about the future. No one knows what political and economic storms may lie ahead; we should hope for the best but prepare for the worst, and I for one will feel safer if Scotland remains part of us. Giving in to fear is cowardice, but not listening to it is foolishness.
Joe Morison
London

• Sir Tom Hunter said: “Whatever the people decide we’ll just get on with it” (Report, 20 August). And the “we” Scotland’s first billionaire is referring to is really the few who own the country. “That’s democracy,” he concedes, generously. In fact it is the opposite, but he neatly exposes the irrelevance of the referendum and the sham that is democracy within capitalism.
Brian Gardner
Glasgow branch, Socialist party of Great Britain

Statue of Archbishop Oscar Romero, assassinated in El Salvador in 1980, over the Great West Door of

With reference to your editorial (Pope Francis and liberation theology: Second coming, 25 August), the decision to put in process the beatification of Oscar Romero is considered by many to be overdue. I suspect, however, that in many ways Romero would echo the sentiment of Dorothy Day, founder of the Catholic Worker: “Don’t call me a saint. I do not want to be dismissed so easily.”

In 1988 during the so-called dirty war, I visited El Salvador for the first time. Back then Romero’s tomb was at the door of the incomplete cathedral in San Salvador. It was a place of pilgrimage for the “poor church for the poor” seeking inspiration, courage and comfort.

Out in the barrios, catechists and animators nurtured a new kind of Christianity founded on belief in the humanity of God, a reading of the Bible from the perspective of the poor, and a commitment to solidarity.

Returning a couple of years ago, I found that Romero’s tomb now resides in the basement of the cathedral. No longer do the crowds flock with their concerns. By and large, the animators and catechists – as well as the theology they espoused – have been marginalised and discredited.

The true saints are those who continue to strive, against the odds, for the foundation of civil society marked by biblical accompaniment, human rights, historical memory and the martyrs.

If there is to be any kind of “second coming” as a result of the decision to beatify Oscar Romero, it is the “poor church of the poor” that will need to be rehabilitated, together with the methodology and spirit that once offered the hope of true liberation.
Rt Rev Peter B Price
Gillingham, Dorset

• Liberation theology cannot be picked up from South America and planted in the UK. But its method of doing theology – from the perspective of the poor, studying the facts and being shocked by their circumstances – can be. Leonardo Boff, silenced by the Vatican in 1992, wrote: “The central question is how to exercise faith in the midst of social oppression. How should the ecclesiastical community interact with the political community?”

The short answer to Boff’s question (posed in an essay, The Originality of Liberation Theology, in The Future Of Liberation Theology: Essays In Honour of Gustavo Gutiérrez, published in 1989) is with and for poor people who suffer innocently. That is done out of the love inspired by the innocent suffering of our founder, who joined them on a cross.

Our first-world churches are complicit with extreme free-market politics and do not reflect, in the light of our faith, on the oppression done in the name of Adam Smith’s invisible hand. Our ineffectiveness can be measured by the increasing oppression of the poorest citizens in the UK.

We desperately need bishops and archbishops who will interact with the political community and the public in the manner of Oscar Romero. He famously said: “When I feed the poor, they call me a saint. When I ask why they are poor, they call me a communist. When the church hears the cry of the oppressed it cannot but denounce the social structures that give rise to and perpetuate the misery from which the cry arises.” Romero was assassinated on 24 March 1980, the eve of the enthronement of Robert Runcie as archbishop of Canterbury.
Rev Paul Nicolson
Taxpayers Against Poverty

The issue of the work detainees do in immigration removal centres is more complex than your article suggests (Immigration detainees ‘are being used as cheap labour’, 23 August). The opportunity for detainees and prisoners to take part in work and other purposeful activity in any form of detention is widely recognised as essential to their mental and emotional wellbeing and an important means of reducing the likelihood of self-harm. The right of detainees to take part in work is recognised in relevant international human rights standards. We have not identified any detainee in the UK immigration centres we inspect who has been forced to take part in work; we have found many who want to work but are unable to do so. This is sometimes because there are not the jobs available and sometimes because the Home Office has placed an arbitrary ban on those they judge to be not cooperating with the immigration process from having a job in detention. It would not be in the interests of detainees if the work that was already available for those who wished to do it was reduced. What is required is better-quality and better-paid work available for all detainees on a voluntary basis.
Nick Hardwick
Chief inspector of prisons

Paul Mason’s criteria for the perfect city (The 10 things a perfect city needs, 25 August) sound rather like the Monocle quality of life survey he dismisses. We give marks for cities with great bike paths and tram networks, prefer those where independent coffee shops outnumber Starbucks and where a gay couple can walk hand in hand without a problem. In our top cities education and healthcare are free, high streets are filled with local entrepreneurs and startups, great architecture is preserved and the nightlife is eclectic. If Mason hurries to his nearest newsagent (another thing we mark) he should still be able to pick up a copy of our July/August issue which has the latest survey.
Steve Bloomfield
Foreign editor, Monocle

• Richard Attenborough wasn’t “a lifelong Labour man”, as Peter Bradshaw says (25 August). In the 1980s he was in the SDP. In the 1987 election he drove me round Cambridge in his Rolls-Royce in support of Shirley Williams.
Mark Bostridge
London

• Your report (‘A pint, bitte’ – inept spies undid Nazi invasion, 23 August) omits the story of the two German spies who come ashore in Kent, dressed in suits and bowler hats, and head for the nearest pub. “Two martinis please,” says one. “Dry?” asks the barman. “Nein, zwei!” comes the reply.
Joe Locker
Surbiton, Surrey

• Surely the statement “Beaconsfield’s increase in house prices is because of its local ‘good school’” (Report, 26 August) should be the other way round: “Beaconsfield’s local school is good because pupils come from homes worth £…”
Margaret Davis
London

• Our headmaster asked who’d stolen the hook. “Which hook, sir?” a boy asked. “The hook to hang the bucket we keep the sand for putting fires out with in on,” he said (Letters, 23 August).
Steve Till
Upper Farringdon, Hampshire

• In the birthdays listed on 26 August, you omitted the Duke of Gloucester’s job. I think we should be told.
Orlando Goodden
Frome, Somerset

us flags as bombs cartoon

Arms are the real problem

How could anyone suggest, as Timothy Garton Ash does, that only by working with the US can the problems of the Middle East be solved (8 August)? The US is mainly the cause of the problems; everywhere it interferes, it leaves bedlam behind. Iraq was livable before the invasion; now there is chaos. Of course, the US administration may have had good intentions but the American companies that it employs – Halliburton, Blackwater, KBR – are only in there for the money.

Part of the problem is that three major recipients of aid from the US are Israel, Egypt and Colombia, and much of that assistance is in the form of arms, so as a result innocent people are being killed and nothing is being done. We know the story in Gaza, but in Egypt the democratically elected government was overthrown with the aid of US arms, and in Colombia it’s the same story as rightwing paramilitaries enforce a reign of terror on defenceless victims and it is condoned by the present government, which is supported by the US and Britain.

So what’s the solution? No more arms. Let the money be put into something much more useful and long-lasting: infrastructure, education, hospitals, long-term employment projects and general development and wellbeing.
Gemma Hensey
Westport, Ireland

• I am intrigued by Timothy Garton Ash’s statement “not moral, because Europeans, of all people, should never be silent while war crimes are being committed”. As he doesn’t supply any reason for the comment, I’m left to wonder whether he means that Europeans have higher moral standards than others, or that Europeans have committed so many egregiously immoral war crimes.
Deborah Yaffe
Victoria, British Columbia, Canada

We must solve inequality

Perhaps it’s time to update Karl Marx: rather than simply “the opiate of the masses”, religion has today taken on the additional role of an aphrodisiac for those consumed by the lust for power. As Jonathan Freedland reminds us in your lead story of 15 August, today’s jihadi frequently has an educated background, possibly a Harvard MBA, together with the backing of the global superpowers, the primary source of his weaponry as well as his grudges.

As always, the underlying issue in most if not all such conflicts is inequality. However sincere Barack Obama and the few enlightened world leaders may be in their attempts to tackle this problem, they are hamstrung by the short-term goals of the real power-brokers: the arms manufacturers and their military supporters, the financiers and the oil barons as well as the multinationals, whose profitability is based on feeding their willing market with fear, envy and greed, all in the name of globalisation.

Their specious credo is that only by encouraging developing countries to emulate the level of unsustainable consumption and waste enjoyed by the developed world can global equity be achieved, as George Monbiot points out in the same issue of Guardian Weekly. I fear that only the imminent collapse of the global house of cards will allow the restoration of sanity and sustainability so desperately sought by us “deviants”, to use Monbiot’s terminology. Be proud of your deviancy, but first be very, very afraid.
Noel Bird
Boreen Point, Queensland, Australia

Neoliberalism is a con

George Monbiot is right: neoliberalism is a self-serving con (15 August). In New Zealand, too, we’re beginning to see the light with the publication of four books in the last year outlining the damage that this self-serving doctrine has wreaked on our once egalitarian society.

We might have been the first to set up a welfare system after the Great Depression, but we were also among the first to adopt the so-called free market neoliberal policies trumpeted by Reagan and Thatcher. This we did to extremes that astonished even the authors of those policies.

Thirty years later, after subsequent rightwing governments restricted workers’ rights, cut welfare benefits and bolstered the private sector at the expense of the public, the features of this disaster are clear. More than 200,000 of New Zealand children live in such poverty that many often go to school hungry. Free bottles of milk are now given out at morning tea in most schools. We are the seventh most unequal country in the OECD. Inequality is associated with crime: we have the second-highest rate of imprisonment in the OECD.

Fortunately a groundswell of revolt has emerged among thinking people who have contributed searching analyses of where and how this failed mantra went wrong. The most recent of these books is Beyond the Free Market: Rebuilding a Just Society in New Zealand. In its foreword, former high court judge Sir Edmund Thomas declares that the neoliberal revolution was an appalling mistake.
Pat Baskett
Auckland, New Zealand

Myths of privatisation

I commend Ha-Joon Chang for pointing out, in Privatised UK is far from perfect (8 August), some of the examples that give the lie to the myth that government enterprises are inherently less efficient than those run by private enterprise.

Another myth that needs exposure is that right-leaning governments make better financial managers than those less so inclined. When a rightwing government privatises – ie sells off – assets, the proceeds of the sale are accounted as revenue, thereby increasing that government’s surplus or reducing its deficit. Similarly, when a nationalising government purchases an enterprise, the transaction is treated as a cost, making privatisers appear to be better managers than nationalisers. In neither case has the effect of the transaction upon the national balance sheet been accounted for.

When a political party claims that private enterprise is more efficient than public ownership, it is really just admitting that it finds public ownership too difficult, and indeed it is almost axiomatic that it should find it so – running public utilities and other national enterprises involves not only budgetary outcomes but also the effectiveness of the service provided, to say nothing of the longer-term stability of the society it serves. This is a far more complex matter than the running of a business, in which the bottom line is all that matters.

Political parties of almost all colours have recently increased privatisation; in many cases this is a symptom of their incompetence.
David Barker
Bunbury, Western Australia

Swimming in the nude

To Daniel Start’s question, what can one do to avoid offence when swimming without clothes (8 August), I would reply – take a holiday in Germany. Especially in the former East, the culture of swimming and sunbathing in the buff remains strong, and there is nothing like the sense of prudish outrage that regularly seems to accompany sporadic displays of naked flesh in Britain and many other parts of the world.

Never a fan of nudism myself, since moving here three years ago I have developed the habit of naked swimming after morning runs. My favourite swimming lake is in the middle of the city and even in the early morning there is usually quite a lot of naked traffic. On sunny days dozens of naturists populate the lawns while foreign tourists walk by and everybody else just goes about their business.

Stephen Gough, the naked rambler, may be interested to hear that in some areas of Germany, for instance in the Harz mountains, naked hiking is actively encouraged to promote tourism, and even outside those areas his antics would be unlikely to be met with much interest from the authorities. For anyone eager to throw off his textiles – this is the place to be!
Stephan Quentin
Potsdam, Germany

Law in Hong Kong

Anson Chan may wish to consider international law in her fight for democracy in Hong Kong (22 August). Since the Hong Kong basic legal agreement is signed by Britain, China and Hong Kong, British law must surely come in. If that is not the case, then British accession to various UN treaties such as the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights opens another way for international law to operate. In 1997 the Chinese government informed the UN that “the provisions of the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights and the International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights as applied to Hong Kong shall remain in force beginning from 1 July 1997”.

Some even think these covenants make nuclear weapons and even guns illegal. That is, that citizens have the right to peaceful enjoyment of their environment and not to be blasted to smithereens.
Paul Knobel
Auckland, New Zealand

Briefly

• I might have enjoyed Rupert Myers’s article on running (15 August) if I had been able to make it past his errors. Pheidippides ran to Sparta before the battle of Marathon seeking help. After the battle he ran to Athens to report the victory. It is this second journey that is honoured by the name and race. He certainly didn’t practise “relentless, tiresome bragging about the achievement” because “as any fule kno”, having reported the victory, he died.
Andrew Lacey
Mold, UK

Please send lett

Independent:

Throughout the Scottish independence debate, the Better Together campaign has been too much based on threats and negativity, letting itself down as a result. Now, however, I’m surprised by how the pro-independence side has been let down by the SNP’s leader, through lack of dignity and answers.

In the latest TV clash between Alex Salmond and Alistair Darling, Darling seemed to handle himself well enough, but Salmond never seemed to have any real facts, figures or answers to key questions, turning instead to a personal and nasty attack on the person in front of him.

He was incredibly rude, continuing to talk over and interrupt his opponent – something which must be embarrassing for many Yes voters.

Whatever the result of Scotland’s referendum, it will likely now lead to even greater enmity and division that will not be easily overcome.

Emilie Lamplough
Trowbridge, Wiltshire

As an English outsider doggedly sitting through the TV debate on Scottish independence, my overwhelming feeling  was that neither protagonist presented an attractive option for the rest of  the UK.

Mr Salmond concentrated on cobbling together a ludicrous (certainly for Scotland) currency union and a costly (at least to the rest of the UK) defence policy, while Mr Darling painted a picture of Scotland dependent on potential financial bailouts from the rest of the UK.

Not a great future, whichever side prevails.

David Bracey
Chesham Bois, Buckinghamshire

Gordon Brown says that the NHS is safer in the UK than in an independent Scotland. This is either the height of arrogance or a belief that the public have no memory.

The idea of funding hospital building using PFI (private finance initiative) was introduced at the end of the Thatcher period and picked up by Brown, who drove the plan very hard, so that it became the norm in England.

The private companies would finance and build new hospitals and lease them back to the NHS. It was claimed that this funding method passed the financial risk from the Government on to the private sector – which was rubbish.

To get the banks and private companies to lend the money, the Treasury had to agree to underwrite the risks of the projects.  PFI is thus a risk-free bonanza for the private sector.

Contracts were for 30-60 years at rates varying from 5.3 to 7.9 per cent per annum. PFI repayments increased by nearly £200m from £459m in 2009/10 to £628.7m in 2011/12. In one PFI contract, by 2011 the taxpayer owed £121.4bn to pay for an infrastructure valued at £52.9bn.

At the end of the lease, the building becomes the property of the private company, with the NHS owning nothing.

Chief executives of PFI-funded facilities had to show how the annual debt charges would be met from the operating budgets, ie the budget that normally pays for staff and supplies. Since rental had to be paid out of NHS funds, this reduced the funds available for treating patients. The Blair/Brown Government therefore produced a cut in NHS funding.

Alistair Darling was part of the Blair/Brown Cabinet and succeeded Gordon Brown as Chancellor. Can we trust either Brown or Darling with financial matters?

Dr E L Lloyd
Edinburgh

In the second debate between Salmond and Darling, Salmond emphasised that Scots at home would be well looked after in their old age. Has  he taken into consideration the cost of care and pensions for the many thousands of expat Scots who will wish to return home on retirement?

Will his five million fellow countrymen be prepared to pay for their care single-handed? It  could be very expensive  for the Scottish taxpayer.

Alastair Stewart
Little Baddow, Essex

The best question of the night came from the audience: “If we are better together, why are we not better just now?”

Robert Stewart
Wilmslow, Cheshire

 

Isis illustrates futility of trident

I unequivocally condemn the brutal murders of Lee Rigby and James Foley, but I dare welcome the birth of Islamic State (Isis) – only to emphasise the folly of the claim that we need the Trident nuclear weapons system as the ultimate guarantee of our security.

Armed only with its twisted interpretation  of the Koran and conventional weapons, Isis has sent shockwaves through the nuclear-armed and Nato-allied British Government.

Supported by Labour, Theresa May has announced that she is to introduce an “anti-social behaviour order” that will strip extremists with dual nationality of their citizenship. Boris Johnson wants anyone returning from an unauthorised trip to Syria or Iraq to be presumed guilty of terrorism.

David Davis has gone further and called for anyone suspected of terrorism activities to be stripped of their citizenship.

None of these drastic measures will protect Britain from violence by home-grown or home-based Islamist fundamentalists. On the contrary, they are likely to go underground to launch a devastating attack, as they did on 7/7.

As someone who spent two years working with Ealing borough police as a volunteer stop-and-search adviser, I can say that the British people are hopelessly exposed to an existential threat from home-grown terrorism thanks to the savage cuts in public spending, which have seen a massive reduction in police numbers.

Police officers who have remained in post are demoralised because their overtime allowances have also been reduced or cut. These cuts are taking  place while we are  planning to replace  Trident at an estimated  cost of £100bn.

Unless we are planning to nuke these home-grown terrorists on our streets, or in Iraq and Syria, the Government and all the main parties must seriously consider whether to go ahead with the plan to replace Trident, or spend that money recruiting, training and equipping more police and intelligence personnel.

Sam Akaki
London W3

 

Given that Isis, Hezbollah and Hamas are one in their openly avowed intent to eradicate the Little Satan (Israel) followed by the Great Satan (the US/the West), one can appreciate that “robust and concerted action by the Western allies” is urged by your editorial (22 August). Furthermore, “there must be no bargaining with fanatics”, simply “eradication”.

Yet, The Independent has condemned Israel for its “disproportionate” reaction to rocket attacks. If Isis reaches the shores of the Mediterranean, one wonders how “proportionate” the West’s reaction will be? Not very, if your editorial is anything to go by.

Gillian Cook
Woodingdean, East Sussex

 

The United Nations must be the obvious route to tackling Isis. It can’t be right that the West, the UK, the US or Nato takes the lead, as the problem has largely been created by the West, and can only be made worse by further meddling.

We must call for the UN to convene a session of the Security Council to create a consensus, with the help of Russia and China, and especially involving the key regional players, Iran, Saudi Arabia, Turkey and Qatar.

Martin Pasteiner
London W9 

GM’s opponents propagate myths

I read Peter Popham’s article on Vandana Shiva with interest (“GM food and the heir to Mahatma Gandhi’s legacy”, 21 August). I was pleased to note that it pointed out that Ms Shiva’s “demonising” of technologies such as GM “is doing her impoverished compatriots no favours”.

As the article notes, such technologies “could potentially improve the lives of millions”. But they are being prevented from doing so by dogmatic promotion of museum agriculture and calculated myths around the safety of agricultural technologies. The reference to so-called “terminator technology”, rendering a seed sterile, is one such myth promoted by anti-GM activists. The agricultural industry has never developed seeds or crop varieties with such a trait, nor is there any intention of doing so.

I look forward to the continued evidence-based approach your paper provides on this much-maligned technology.

Dr Julian Little
Chair of the Agricultural Biotechnology Council
London WC1

 

A ‘no experience necessary’ job?

The ongoing tussle over the appointment of the clerk of the Commons (“Parliamentary clerk ‘doesn’t need experience’”, 25 August) is difficult to comprehend. More difficult to understand, however – now that John Bercow is arguing that no previous parliamentary experience is necessary – is why the position commands a salary of £200,000.

Gordon Watt
Reading

Times:

Bad-tempered TV arguments do not provide critical Scots with the decisive data

Sir, I am a young Scot, and I am tired of this Yes/No stuff as both sides play headline-grabbing politics. I care for Scotland’s future and I am annoyed when important long-term issues are dismissed with a quick meaningless statement. I want solid facts to decide on, rather than promises and personalities.

Gordon Mackie

Glasgow

Sir, Alistair Darling’s lacklustre performance underlines the need for the No campaign to deploy Gordon Brown, Jim Murphy and George Galloway against Alex Salmond. These three have passion and are not afraid to talk positively about Britishness and shared values. They also engage with the effect that breaking up the UK would have on Europe and the world. Darling never seems to get beyond the pound and oil. The Yes campaign has been allowed to occupy the moral high ground for too long — we need some fiery preachy types rather than an accountant to challenge it.

The Rev Dr Ian Bradley

St Andrews, Fife

Sir, In the recent TV clash Alistair Darling seemed to handle himself well enough but Mr Salmond never seems to have any real facts, figures or answers to key questions. His rudeness, continuing to talk over his opponent, must be embarrassing for many Yes voters.

Emilie Lamplough

Trowbridge, Wilts

Sir, I am surprised that there has been so little reference in the No campaign to the family ties within the UK. I am English and living in England, but I am married to a Scot. My children are half Scottish and my grandchildren a quarter Scottish. There must be millions of people on both sides of the border who are dismayed at the prospect of the other side becoming foreign.

Tim Capon

Motcombe, Dorset

Sir, Westminster and our political leaders seem to be doing nothing to actively preserve our union. In September it could be ended without any say from its members (including those of Scottish ancestry) outside Scotland.

Philip Beddows

Munslow, Shropshire

Sir, Last night we saw a spectacle more suited to a bar-room shouting match than a serious debate on the future of our two countries. The most concerning aspect of the evening was the lack of any academic rigour around the arguments on both sides which often seemed to descend into cheap point-scoring by both participants amid a proliferation of numbers and statistics completely unverifiable by the average viewer.

Dennis Lock

Watford, Herts

Sir, The potential ramifications of a Yes vote in the referendum are far too serious to be influenced by this sorry spectacle, where mere posturing took the place of substance.

Politicians of all parties are doing us a huge disservice in the run-up to the referendum. Is there no person of substance, in Scotland, prepared to spell out, in simple terms, the real dangers of full independence? The SNP and its supporters must understand that there is no pot of gold at the end of their rainbow.

Bravery overshadows any technical priority disputes about Victoria Cross winners

Sir, Maurice French (letter, Aug 25) and you (report, Aug 25) are both right. Francis Grenfell, my great-uncle, was technically the first VC. The award was not officially made until it was published in the London Gazette, or gazetted. Francis’s award was the first to be gazetted. However, the occasion which gave rise to the award took place the day after Dease’s.

Bravery, however, does not need such distinctions.

Michael Grenfell

Westcot, Oxon

Gladstone’s foreign policy may contain a lesson for us today in dealing with Islamic extremists

Sir, Paul Marshall (Aug 25) overlooks the glaring calamity of Gladstone’s “moral foreign policy” — its failure to prevent the establishment of a militant fundamentalist Islamic state that ruled a million square miles of Africa for 13 years. The Sudanese Mahadiya was made possible by Gladstone’s not intervening in 1884 in support of General Gordon, only sending the famous Khartoum Relief Expedition, which was too little too late. The Mahadiya was then left alone by the British for more than a decade, fighting a series of savage jihads against all neighbouring states including Christian Ethiopia and even the Belgian Congo. It was only when the French threatened to establish themselves on the Nile in the late 1890s that Kitchener finally went in to eradicate Sudan’s Islamic theocracy using massively disproportionate military force at Omdurman, known to Africans as the Battle of Karari.

There may well be a topically relevant lesson from history somewhere in there.

Ralph Lloyd-Jones

Nottingham

The death of Lord Attenborough throws open the question of the city’s most famous scions

Sir, Oliver Kamm tells us that David Attenborough is now unrivalled as the most distinguished living Leicesterian (Aug 26). Leaving aside that Sir David was born in London, is Gary Lineker no longer with us?

Frank Greaney

Formby, Liverpool

Memories from the son of the man who painted the Sistine ceiling for The Agony and the Ecstasy

Sir, You said that the Sistine chapel ceiling in a Worthing church is the only full size copy in the world (Aug 23), and a very fine achievement it is too. However, if you cast your mind back to the film The Agony and The Ecstasy, starring Charlton Heston as Michelangelo, you will see the ceiling being painted by my father, Ferdinand Bellan, one of the greatest film scenic artists. I think that reproduction was sold to a private buyer as a complete work of art, to be re-assembled elsewhere.

Peter Bellan

St Davids

Telegraph:

Bad neighbours: the ‘Walkie-Talkie’ building looms over 19th-century Eastcheap, London  Photo: ALAMY

6:58AM BST 26 Aug 2014

CommentsComments

SIR – In your recent discussion of the sort of houses we want built, John Cuthbert wrote a letter (July 28) that said: “Planning applications should be determined solely with regard to town planning policy… What the neighbours think is irrelevant.”

With apparatchiks in town halls, and the tragically mediocre buildings born of their planning-policy-informed decisions sprawled across our landscape, no wonder people feel the urge to become Nimbys. Nimbyism often has an honourable Betjemanesque affection for the old, the quiet and the beautiful at its heart. Planning policy needs to be altered, to protect and promote such beauty.

If I were his “invariably uninformed” neighbour, Mr Cuthbert could dismiss me, a rural architect, as a “baa-baa” (motto: “Beauty above all”). It would be an honour.

Juliet Blaxland
Southwold, Suffolk

Sir Richard Attenborough Photo: EPA

6:59AM BST 26 Aug 2014

CommentsComments

SIR – Having served with many regimental sergeant majors and been terrified by some, I believe Richard Attenborough’s portrayal of an RSM in Guns at Batasi will remain unsurpassed.

Since he won the Bafta Best Actor award for the role, my belief may not be unique.

Michael Nicholson
Dunsfold, Surrey

SIR – In the Seventies, BBC Television still broadcast a five-minute appeal every month for a selected charity. I was the producer of these when one of his charities nominated Richard Attenborough to be the presenter of its appeal.

As was customary, I booked a table for lunch at a restaurant for us to plan the filming, feeling not a little nervous about directing such an eminent film director. I need not have worried. He was kindness and helpfulness itself from start to finish, and what remains in my mind is that, perhaps guessing that my budget would be very tight, he was the only one out of all the celebrities I worked with who insisted that he, and not the BBC, paid for our lunch.

Patricia Owtram
London W4

SIR – Lord Attenborough, who in 1982 produced his Oscar-winning film Gandhi, was so biased towards the Left in politics that he showed more than one round of fire at Amritsar, and tried to convince his viewers we lost India entirely because of Gandhi.

The Indians remain forever grateful for what we gave them: cricket, railways, democracy, the rule of law and a knowledge of English to communicate between communities with different languages.

Lord Sudeley
London NW1

Husband on hand

SIR – An inquiry to a friend, asking how she was coping with her husband’s retirement (Letters, August 25), drew the reply: “Frightful, I’ve got twice the husband, on half the money.”

Alan Campbell Graham
London SW17

Of proud descent

SIR – David Cleave (Letters, August 22) found his mother’s name in a Telegraph crossword. My surname appears in every Telegraph crossword.

Julian Down
Wilsford, Wiltshire

Not a clerk to be found

SIR – Surely Carol Mills should not get a work visa for Parliament’s top job of Clerk of the House of Commons if there are other qualified British citizens for the job.

Mary-Lou Kellaway
Cookham Dean, Berkshire

SIR – Though I harbour no ill will towards Ms Mills, it is difficult not to be jealous of her. I would certainly be delighted to be appointed to a new job at a salary of £200,000 and then have its responsibilities halved.

Another triumph for Mr Speaker!

Andrew Mackenzie
Glasgow

SIR – As experience is not required for the post, can anyone apply?

Alan Sabatini
Bournemouth, Dorset

SIR – If Carol Mills will do half the job, the taxpayer will now have to pay for two instead of one.

Ramji Abinashi
Amersham, Buckinghamshire

Fry-up pie

SIR – For heaven’s sake, can we be freed from such doom-laden opinions as those of the easily shocked Professor Lean (a clue in the name?), who wants to ban the fry-up pie from a hospital canteen?

If you’re stuck in bed, you are probably not going to want to eat heavily anyway. And what about the notion that having a hearty breakfast is actually good for weight control because it removes the need to snack during the day?

Colin Jamieson
Horncastle, Lincolnshire

SIR – Surely a fry-up pie, crammed with bacon, sausage, black pudding and beans, with an egg on top, would rate highly on most people’s favourite meals list.

At only £1.50, I would not be surprised if many fry-up aficionados were intending to wend their way to the hospital in Dundee to avail themselves of such a bargain.

Dr Roy Stanley
Sheffield, South Yorkshire

Wet day of your choice

SIR – On the annoying problem of wet and miserable bank holidays, how about if they were cancelled except for the religious ones of Christmas Day and Good Friday? The remainder could be taken at the discretion of working people when they wanted.

This would stop the disruption caused by rubbish collections being changed, postal collections and deliveries being cancelled and the general confusion of a shorter working week.

Ann Ankers
Bwlchgwyn, Denbighshire

Biker on one knee

SIR – I had to shout my proposal twice before my wife accepted (Letters, August 25). We were crossing Hammersmith Broadway on a motorbike at the time.

We celebrate our diamond anniversary in 2016, as she frequently reminds me. Unfortunately I am now hard of hearing.

Quentin de la Bedoyere
London SW19

SIR – My university room-mate proposed by mail. He soon received a favourable, if somewhat formal, reply from his intended’s father, a farmer in the South West. “Dear Terrence, Regarding your inquiry…”.

Robert Stephenson
Henley-on-Thames, Oxfordshire

Britain is incapable of keeping jihadists out

SIR – There is a sort of weary despair every time we hear of new laws the Government announces to control the return or citizenship of British-born “jihadists”.

However draconian these plans sound, it is obvious from our leaky borders that we do not have the ability to control anyone’s entry. How, overnight, is this situation to be miraculously improved?

Ginny Martin
Bishops Waltham, Hampshire

SIR – While I welcome the Tory calls for jihadists to lose their passports, credit where it’s due, please. Surely Nigel Farage was the first to raise the idea.

R A McWhirter
Zurich, Switzerland

SIR – The revelation that Britain’s borders are dangerously porous comes as little surprise to those of us who have some knowledge of the issue. As a former senior officer in the UK Immigration Service I am well aware of the substantial changes to border control that over recent years have had a wholly negative effect.

The merging of Customs and Immigration in 2008 resulted in many managers with no experience being placed in positions of responsibility. This, along with limited detention accommodation to hold foreign prisoners awaiting deportation (used more than ever was intended) are only two of the major problems.

Home Office statements about robust action are made in inverse proportion to the actual state of control.

Mike Stanley
Hale, Cheshire

SIR – Will Boris Johnson (“Britons who go to Syria ‘are guilty until proven innocent’, says Boris Johnson”) still go ahead with events to celebrate the anniversary of Magna Carta?

John Gresham
Liverpool

Evidence that the Scottish debate has given way to intimidation

Roadside signs in support of the Better Together campaign have been defaced

Sally Page said posters were being attacked at night only hours after they had been put in place

A defaced poster displaying the ‘No Thanks’ slogan Photo: William Page

7:00AM BST 26 Aug 2014

CommentsComments

SIR – I am persuaded to write, having just driven from Perth to Dundee. Rightly, there are prominent signs for both Yes and No campaigns. It is worrying that, whereas not one Yes notice is damaged, the majority of those supporting Better Together have sadly been vandalised.

This indicates to me that some supporters of the Yes campaign either do not have confidence in their policies or that those responsible really have decided that, with less than three weeks to go, intimidation is the only way that they can win.

Mike Beale
Bridge of Earn, Perthshire

SIR – The Channel Islands and the Isle of Man, which are not part of the United Kingdom, are able to use the pound as their currency, so why is Scotland not allowed the same privilege?

I speak as an Englishman who is ashamed of my country’s bullying tactics.

Kevin Cottrell
Buckland, Oxfordshire

SIR – The Scottish share of the UK national debt would be nothing like as small as the £143 billion that the National Institute of Economic and Social Research suggests (Business, August 25). It ignores the public sector pension liability of £1,000 billion, the old age pensions liability of another £1,000 billion and several trillion more besides.

At least with independence the Scots might know what their debts really are.

Brian Gilbert
Hampton, Middlesex

SIR – I have seen little reference to the defence of the (new) Scottish realm apart from clearing the Royal Navy out of Faslane.

Since 1949 the Western nations have enjoyed the shield of the “collective security” policy of the Nato nations. Will the new Scotland be committing its forces to Nato? The Scottish regiments, maybe, but what about the Scottish navy and the Scottish air force? I am reminded of the French exit from Nato’s integrated military structure in the Sixties, when it chose to enjoy the protection of collective security without having to pay the full subscription.

Robert Price
Malton, North Yorkshire

SIR – Current BBC weather forecasts completely ignore the existence of the Irish Republic. If Scotland votes to leave the Union, will the BBC stop broadcasting weather forecasts for Scotland?

Eric Clark
Woburn Sands, Buckinghamshire

SIR – There appear to be three questions that nobody is bringing up.

1 In the event of a Yes vote, will there ever be another referendum?

2 In the event of a No vote, when will the next referendum take place?

3 Do all British citizens living in Scotland on a given date lose their British citizenship?

Robert Pugh
Carmarthen

Irish Times:

Sir, – May I remind Fintan O’Toole (“Why Ireland never faced up to the issue of abortion”, Opinion & Analysis, August 26th) that while many of the organisations supporting the pro-life agenda are Roman Catholic, there are many non-Catholics with coinciding views who are just as passionate? If I mention that I am a pro-life Protestant (Christian), would that throw Mr O’Toole into statistical confusion? Could he cope knowing that someone who has no connection or affiliation to the Catholic Church is opposed to abortion?

He may be disappointed that Ireland is the “only country in the democratic world to have a constitutional ban on abortion” but for most people, I suggest, this fact is a cause for relief, not dismay. – Yours, etc,

GEOFF SCARGILL,

Loreto Grange,

Bray,

Co Wicklow.

Sir, – In their letter of August 28th, a large number of academics argue that “it is time that this generation had its referendum” and that “that referendum must transform the law on access to abortion care”.

We support their case for repealing the eighth amendment (and the other subsequent amendments that sought to mop up the mess left by it). We also share their objection to a set of laws that fails to account for the moral principle that women ought to have control over their own bodies.

But we are wary of repeating the error of inserting detail into the Constitution on this broad question. No matter what the wording, the constitutionalising of matters such as access to abortion care places judges in the position of having to interpret vague text in the light of particular circumstances, unavoidably influenced to at least some extent by their own predilections and preferences.

Just as before, constitutional wording and judicial decree would come to shape and even stifle subsequent public debate on the matter, often excluding reasonable policy choices.

Too often the Constitution has been used by political actors as a shield behind which to hide from making decisions on difficult issues.

A constitution is mainly a mechanism for establishing the essential political institutions. It can also serve to entrench broad principles of equality and liberty, as well as general rights and freedoms. It is up to citizens and their representatives to make the best of those principles and rights through ordinary politics. More constitutional provisions might merely impose this generation’s beliefs on subsequent generations. – Yours, etc,

Dr TOM HICKEY,

Dr EOIN O’MALLEY,

School of Law

and Government,

Dublin City University,

Glasnevin,

Dublin 9.

Sir, – John Bruton (“Home rule and an Ireland without the bloodshed”, Opinion & Analysis, August 25th) restates his view that John Redmond and his party were a constitutional and non-violent movement that managed to achieve home rule by parliamentary means.

This ignores the extent to which violence, or the threat of violence, formed part of Irish political life before 1916. Redmond’s party was quite prepared to use force against its rivals and did so regularly, using the sectarian Ancient Order of Hibernians to intimidate opponents.

But crucially Mr Bruton also fails to grasp how Redmond hugely oversold his “achievement” to the party’s supporters in Ireland. In March 1912 Redmond’s deputy, John Dillon, told 100,000 people in Dublin’s O’Connell Street that  “we have undone, and are undoing the work of three centuries of confiscation and persecution . . . the holy soil of Ireland is passing back rapidly into the possession of the children of our race . . . and the work of Oliver Cromwell is nearly undone”.

Do these words conjure up a vision of an Irish parliament with limited powers remaining firmly within the British imperial framework? For many nationalists home rule meant not devolution but the “virtual undoing of the conquest”.

They were often encouraged in this belief by the rhetoric used by the Irish Party’s MPs. The Limerick MP William Lundon explained in 1907 that home rule would not mean “a little parliament in Dublin that would pay homage to the big one, but a sovereign and independent one and if he had his own way he would break the remaining links that bound the two countries . . . he was trained in another school [and] he was not a parliamentarian when he walked with his rifle on his shoulder on the night of the 5th of March [the Fenian rising of 1867].”

Such rhetoric was not unusual given that up to 25 per cent of the party’s MPs in the early 1900s were former Fenians. Indeed Redmond himself had spent much of the 1890s campaigning for republican prisoners, arguing that “they are our kith and kin. They are men who sacrificed everything that was most dear to them in an effort to benefit Ireland. What do we care whether their effort was a wise one or not, whether a mistaken one or not?”

Indeed when Tom Clarke was released in 1897 he personally thanked Redmond for his efforts on his behalf. The home rulers were a “slightly constitutional” party and they oversold the promise of home rule to such an extent that rather than satisfying nationalist aspirations it was likely to prove a huge disappointment. Any discussion of the party’s record needs to take these facts into account. – Yours, etc,

Dr BRIAN HANLEY,

Dunmanus Road,

Cabra,

Dublin 7.

Sir, – The decision by Bank of Ireland to block financial transfers to Cuba (“Bank of Ireland stops transfers to Cuba due to US embargo”, August 25th) is a clear example of the extraterritorial nature of the United States blockade of Cuba.

Ireland, together with its partners in the EU, opposes the blockade, which has been overwhelmingly condemned in 22 consecutive votes in the UN general assembly.

Under new legislation, the Single Euro Payment Area (Sepa) means that banks with tie-ins to financial institutions in the US are vulnerable to hefty financial penalties if they facilitate transfers to Cuba. The US is extending its blockade over the European Union and using Sepa to further isolate and weaken the Cuban economy.

The US blockade is an anachronistic and illegal piece of cold war legislation which should be withdrawn by Washington as part of a wider normalisation of relations between the US and Cuba. Ireland and its EU partners should resist the financial bullying by the US on this issue and think twice about endorsing the Transatlantic Trade and Investment Partnership, which will result in even closer harmonisation of financial relations between Brussels and Washington. – Yours, etc,

STEPHEN McCLOSKEY,

Director,

Centre for Global Education,

University Street, Belfast.

Sir, – Henry McLave (August 23rd) has suggested that “engineers, councillors and shopkeepers will ride roughshod” to support the upgrading of the Barrow towpath.

As a retired engineer, living beside and overlooking the Barrow towpath, may I say as gently as possible that I fully support the planned development of a hard-surfaced track.

The linking of towns and villages along the river by a safe, level, traffic-free cycle route would open the area wonderfully for tourism, especially family groups. It would also open the possibility of young people who live near the river being able to cycle in a traffic-free environment to secondary schools in their local towns.

The level towpaths would also be very wheelchair friendly.

We have watched otters play in the floodlights and come up on the tarmac paths in Leighlinbridge. We have watched kingfishers fishing from the recently rebuilt quays. To raise fears that irreparable damage would be done to the local wildlife by putting down a stone track beside the Barrow may be an effective emotive argument, but does not stand up to any real scrutiny.

I walk a few kilometres along this path on most days of the year. In autumn, winter and spring, one rarely meets other people. I suspect this may be partly due for the need for good waterproof walking boots to counter the long grass and slippery paths. A smooth stone path, as proposed, would be much more usable all year round without special footwear.

The Barrow is a magnificent resource and the concept of developing its recreational and tourist potential in a sensitive and inclusive manner is to be applauded. – Yours, etc,

TERRY

GILLESPIE, C Eng, MIE

Fisherman’s Lock,

Leighlinbridge,

Co Carlow.

Sir, – Patsy McGarry (“Belgium gave Irish men reason to enlist and fight”, Rite & Reason, August 26th) says that Germany in the first World War was “unequivocally barbaric and the aggressor” and even compares the behaviour of the German army with that of the Islamic State in Iraq today. He ignores that in the two decades before 1914 Germany was systematically encircled by a huge coalition of France, Russia and Britain. France wanted revenge for its defeat by Bismarck in 1870; Russia as usual was greedy for more territory; and a stagnating Britain was animated by jealousy of the young German nation’s extraordinary economic success.

Yes, Germany invaded Belgium in August 1914 in a pre-emptive strike against the Allies, but that was purely because of the necessities of military strategy – France had to be outflanked because of its fortified borders, and the German government pledged that Belgian territorial sovereignty would not be violated after the war if Belgium did not resist.

Mr McGarry is correct in saying that atrocities were committed by German soldiers against Belgian civilians, but those war crimes were mostly carried out by part-time reservist troops and were not typical of the German army as a whole.

What happened in Belgium in August 1914 pales in comparison to violence against civilians carried out by other powers: the Austro-Hungarian army’s slaughter of Serbian civilians, the Russian army’s pogroms against Jews in Austrian Galicia, not to mention the Turkish genocide of Armenians in 1915. Moreover, the British blockade of Germany throughout the war killed hundreds of thousands of German civilians through slow starvation and consequent susceptibility to illness and the flu pandemic of 1918-19. Germany was not the “monster” of the first World War. – Yours, etc,

FRANK GILES,

Ballsbridge,

Dublin 4.

Sir, – Stephen Collins’s opinion piece (“Judging the performance of our political leaders”, Opinion & Analysis, August 22nd) regarding the late Albert Reynolds’s political legacy focuses on the latter’s contribution to laying “the foundations” of the peace process in Northern Ireland.

This point has been reiterated far and wide by the political class and media in recent days. Indeed, no one can argue that Reynolds did not take huge risks in his dealings with the British government, and in particular in his personal discussions with republican and loyalist terrorists. However, it is ahistorical to say that Reynolds laid the “foundations” for the early stage of the peace process – this honour belongs to the controversial Charles J Haughey. It was Haughey, while taoiseach in the late 1980s, who initiated secret discussions with Gerry Adams, using John Hume as a go between.

Haughey did not make these discussions public as he was afraid of reaction from within Fianna Fáil and the public at large. Nonetheless, the fact remains that is was Haughey not Reynolds who first took the tentative steps towards laying the foundations of the peace process in Northern Ireland. – Yours, etc,

Dr STEPHEN KELLY,

Department of History

and Politics,

Liverpool Hope University,

England.

Sir, – In response to Sean Connolly’s letter (August 23rd), in which he throws doubt on whether Charles Frederick Ball, former assistant keeper at the National Botanic Gardens in Glasnevin, Dublin, was prompted to enlist after being sent a white feather, might I state that I have it from a reliable source that this is true.

According to Seamus O’Brien, head gardener at Kilmacurragh Gardens, the story of how Ball received the white feather was told to Donal Synott, the then director of the “Bots”, by Sir Frederick Moore’s son, Maj Gen Frederick Moore, who knew Ball. During a visit that he made to the National Botanic Gardens many years after Ball’s death, Moore identified the particular room that had been Ball’s office before recounting to Donal Synott the story of how the white feather had arrived at “poor Charlie Ball’s” desk.

Readers might also be interested to know that by a cruel twist of fate, the despicable white feather campaign of the first World War, where the feather was given as a symbol of cowardice, was initiated by an Irishman, Admiral Charles Cooper Penrose-Fitzgerald, in August 1914 – just a month before CF Ball enlisted in the 7th Royal Dublin Fusiliers.

Could I also add that in mentioning the story of the white feather in my piece on the Irish National War Memorial Gardens (“Garden of tranquility”, Magazine, August 16th), my intention wasn’t in any way to besmirch the reputation of CF Ball, a man who was hugely liked and admired, and who acquitted himself bravely on the battlefield, but to highlight the awfulness of the war that led to his death. – Yours, etc,

FIONNUALA FALLON,

Manor Kilbride,

Blessington, Co Wicklow.

Sir, – Dr Cora Stack (August 25th) questions the quality of maths textbooks provided at primary level.

Many parents of primary-age schoolchildren assume that the work in the textbook represents all of the work covered by the teacher on a particular maths topic.

In primary classrooms today, the textbook is just one of many teaching resources used by the teacher in the daily maths class. Primary teachers strive to implement a “hands-on” approach to teaching maths, and make use of maths equipment, oral maths games, interactive whiteboard activities, iPad apps and board games when teaching a new maths concept. The textbook is used at the end of the class as a way of reinforcing the learning that has taken place, and for further practice at home.

In my experience, topics such as length, weight, time, capacity and money are best taught without recourse to textbooks at all.

I am returning to school this week to teach a class of 33 senior infants. Instead of a revised maths curriculum or better textbooks, I believe that smaller classes and more learning support time for those who need it are required to ensure more effective maths teaching at primary level. – Yours, etc,

LOUISE MANGAN,

Moylagh,

Oldcastle,

Co Meath.

Sir, – Throughout the Scottish independence debate the No side has consistently taunted the would-be independents with: “How dare you assume you may go on using the British currency?”

Has everyone forgotten that although Ireland wrested her independence from Britain by bitter force of arms, we continued to use sterling for the next half century – even through the economic war with Britain? And cheques drawn on Irish banks were cleared in London? And Irish banknotes, though often refused by shopkeepers, were exchangeable at par in British banks? And even when we introduced the punt, our coinage still continued to work in British vending machines, despite a discount of about 10 per cent?

Maybe other readers can supply reasons for this strange silence. I cannot. – Yours, etc,

M ROSS-MACDONALD

Crinkill,

Birr,

Co Offaly.

Sir, – I read with huge interest Rosita Boland’s “Ireland’s over-60s remember” article (Weekend, August 23rd). I realise some of the stories were sad but it was great to read of people’s lives, knowing that they had survived through lots of ups and downs, disappointments and, in some cases, tragedy. As I approach a similar age, I wonder how many children of exiles might have similar stories.Thank you again for a great read. – Yours, etc,

MARIAN COLYER,

Aylesbury,

Buckinghamshire.

Sir, – Monday’s front-page photograph of the Rose of Tralee and the Down Syndrome Ireland ambassador is a commendable promotion of inclusiveness in our society. One hopes that Richard Dawkins submits to further education on this issue. – Yours, etc,

MICHAEL GANNON,

Thomas Square,

Kilkenny.

Irish Independent:

My earliest recollection of Albert Reynolds goes back to the ‘ballroom of romance’ days, when the young entrepreneur with the scattered oily hair and twinkle in the eye, ran a chain of dance halls.

As his career progressed in the entertainment business, manufacturing and, finally, politics, I was in discussion one day with a friend and unthinkingly referred to him as having all the attributes of a “wizard”.

How true it proved to be. He was a person of extraordinary powers – a genius, a magician and a conjurer. Mr Reynolds was a new breed of politician, having initially made a fortune in business.

Even then, at age 45, he had fitted in three seedling years with Longford Co Council, familiarising himself with the tricks of the trade before finally entering Leinster House as a TD.

He was like a shining star, a figure of honesty and integrity, unpolluted by the ways of 
politics.

Thankfully, he remained so until he died, having held ministerial posts, served as Taoiseach and made a noble bid for the Presidency. Mr Reynolds was a man of tenacity with a gambling spirit that was instrumental in bringing about peace between North and South, which we all enjoy today.

James Gleeson, Thurles, Co Tipperary


Farewell to a man of peace

I have a vivid recollection of a meeting of the Fianna Fail National Executive on December 2, 1993, when I was a young member of the executive.

Albert Reynolds was Taoiseach and President of Fianna Fail at the time. He was chairing the monthly National Executive meeting in his usual business-like and brisk manner, when a senior civil servant sent word that he was needed on the telephone. It was unusual that the leader of the party would be called out of the meeting to take a call. But I didn’t take much notice of it, and the meeting progressed under the chairmanship of the late Brian Lenihan.

Then, about 15 minutes later, Mr Reynolds re-appeared and was back chairing the meeting. He seemed in great form after his telephone call, and – almost as if talking to himself, or talking to nobody in particular – he said to all at the meeting: “That was Major on the line.” (I thought to myself: “Is he talking about Prime Minister John Major?”)

Next, he said: “He is coming over tomorrow for Anglo Irish Talks.” (I said to myself: “Yes, he is talking about John Major,” as the British delegation were due in Dublin Castle the following day to discuss Anglo Irish issues).

After those few words, the meeting resumed to its normal business and Mr Reynolds kept any further thoughts on the Anglo Irish meeting to himself. Of course, it was some time before we got a flavour of the interaction that took place between the Irish and British delegations at the meeting the following day, Friday, December 3, 1993. But we do know now that the meeting was an important step to securing the Downing Street Declaration and the subsequent ceasefires in August 1994.

I have often reflected on Mr Reynolds’s demeanour and mood that night. His body language reflected a man full of confidence, his voice was determined, he was focused and there was a glow of giddiness and excitement about him. He meant business. Mr Reynolds was a man with a mission that night.

Gearoid Lohan, Clane, Co Kildare

Was it my imagination or did I blink during the RTE live coverage of Albert Reynolds’s funeral and realise that no prominent member of the unionist/loyalist community came to Dublin to pay their respects?

What’s more, nobody in the print or broadcast media seems to have picked up on this or understood its relevance. One would have thought that unionists, who were key players at the time, might have at least made an appearance just to acknowledge that Mr Reynolds got the IRA to call a halt in August 1994, something no other political leader had achieved since 1969.

You might have thought that somebody would have acknowledged that there is relative “normality” in Northern Ireland these days, thanks, in the main, to one man? But no. The old saying is true that eaten bread is soon forgotten. What was once thought to be unimaginable is now, it appears, being taken for granted.

What’s more, there was practically no mention in the media of the fact that the National Treasury Management Agency was the brainchild of Mr Reynolds, itself something that was met with initial resistance in the Department of Finance. Things may be bad now, but only for the NTMA, they could be 50 times worse.

Ken Murray, Duleek, Co Meath

Albert Reynolds received a state funeral because he deserved it. Because it can truly be said that this man, ‘unlike the other one’, had done the State some service.

Paddy O’Brien, Balbriggan, Co Dublin

If the life, times and the death of Albert Reynolds shows one Irish trait at its best, it is that one never speaks well of the living – wait until they are dead. He was indeed a great man.

Aidan Hampson, Artane, Co Dublin

Blame Mayo/Kerry for replay

James Woods and Gerald Morgan (Irish Independent, Letters, August 26) take issue with the fact that the All-Ireland semi-final replay will be played in Limerick and not in Croke Park.

There are a few points to bear in mind. First, Kerry and Mayo each have themselves to blame for failing to win the All-Ireland semi-final when they each had the chance to do so. The point of a semi-final in football is to win the game, not to whinge about where any possible “replay” might be held.

Secondly, there were 30,000 empty seats on Sunday; for an All-Ireland semi-final, this would probably have been unheard of only a few years ago. Until the county teams can get their act together and get their supporters to travel to Croke Park to fill it (if such supporters even exist), the GAA cannot be blamed for trying to make up for the lack of regular ticket sales with other initiatives, such as an American football game.

Thirdly, it is worth noting that holding an American football match in Croke Park every year or so means a great deal to many members of the Irish-American diaspora, who relish the opportunity to travel to Ireland for it. We should welcome them, not insult them.

John B Reid, Monkstown, Co Dublin

Wake up to suffering

It is 100 years since World War I, but still the world is full of suffering. Why? Dysfunctional thinking? Living in our heads? Being controlled by our thinking? Can we change? Wake up? Become the present and come back to the here and now? Imagine if every human being could be still for a minute and become truly present and aware, we would stop creating suffering for that minute, irrespective of our views on religion, politics, land, human rights, etc. Before we change the world, we must change ourselves first. By waking up.

Ted Cronin, Tralee, Co Kerry

Anomaly in law not our making

In her article on the Rose of Tralee Festival (Irish Independent, August 25), Martina Devlin is a little harsh on Irish legislators. The bizarre fact that homosexuality was a crime while the law was silent on lesbianism was not the result of Irish legislation. The anomaly was contained in British laws, which still applied here after independence.

John F Jordan, Brussels, Belgium

Irish Independent


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I jog around the park I still have arthritis in my left knee, but I manage to get round the park. A wettish day. I go to the bank and the Co Op

I bump in to Mary and she has a fall shes a little worse today, no tea and her back pain has flared up!

Obituary:

Baroness Philippine de Rothschild – obituary

Baroness Philippine de Rothschild was an actress who abandoned a career on the stage to become chatelaine of one of France’s finest wine houses

Baroness Philippine de Rothschild

Baroness Philippine de Rothschild Photo: EPA

6:43PM BST 27 Aug 2014

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Baroness Philippine de Rothschild, who has died aged 80, was a matriarch of the wealthy family of bankers and winemakers and chatelaine of one of the finest wine houses in France.

A former actress, Philippine de Rothschild and her children — Camille, Philippe and Julien — owned three of the great winemaking chateaux in the Medoc region: Château Clerc-Milon, Château d’Armailhac and, most famously, Château Mouton Rothschild.

She joined the family wine business in the 1970s when her father, Baron Philippe de Rothschild, called her back from her stage career to join him — shortly after he had succeeded in raising the ratings of Château Mouton Rothschild from second tier to premier. After a rapid grounding in the essentials of business and finance, she helped to organise the first exhibition of the chateau’s famous “artist labels” (from 1945, every bottle of Mouton Rothschild has carried a picture of a painting by a famous artist); and when her father died in 1988 she took over as head of Baron Philippe de Rothschild SA.

Known to all as “the Baroness”, she expanded the business, adding a Petit Mouton wine in the 1990s and developing partnerships with the Chilean winery Concha y Toro and the Napa Valley vineyard Opus One, which her father had started with the vintner Robert Mondavi. In 1998 she bought a 250-acre estate in Limoux, in the Languedoc region, renaming it Domaine de Baron’arques. Under her leadership the volume of wine sales doubled.

She continued the tradition, begun by her father, of commissioning well-known artists to design labels for Mouton-Rothschild vintages (for a fee of 10 cases of selected Mouton), a job which sometimes proved more difficult than might be supposed. The Prince of Wales obliged with a watercolour for the 2004 vintage — of pine trees in the south of France — to commemorate the 100th anniversary of the Entente Cordiale: “He said, ‘Let me send you one of my awful watercolours,’” she recalled. “They arrived. They weren’t awful.” But in 1975 Andy Warhol ignored strict instructions that the illustration was to be horizontal and sent three vertical collage portraits of Baron Philippe de Rothschild. The image had to be turned on its side to fit, so that it appeared that the baron was lying down.

In 1993 American customers objected to a painting of a naked young girl by the Swiss artist Balthus that graced that year’s premier grand cru de Pauillac Château Mouton-Rothschild. The Baroness, who had waxed lyrical about the picture’s sensuality as hinting at “some secret promise of undiscovered pleasure”, was flummoxed by such transatlantic prudery: “Very respectable names on the West Coast… said I was doing kiddie porn, which I think is a little bit much,” she told an interviewer. Bowing to the demands of political correctness, she ordered that the labels on more than 30,000 bottles destined for the United States be ripped off to be replaced by a bland alternative. But she reflected that the controversy had helped sales, since collectors wanted both labels.

Philippine de Rothschild in 1961, posing in a maid’s uniform for her role in a play by Marivaux at the Comedie Francaise (GETTY)

Philippine Mathilde Camille de Rothschild was born on November 22 1933 in Paris. She was distinguished from the rest of the Rothschild clan by the fact that she was not Jewish. Her mother, Elisabeth Pelletier de Chambure (“tall, dark, beautiful, rather superficial and not at all maternal”, according to her daughter), was a Catholic aristocrat who, at the time of her daughter’s birth, was not married to Philippine’s father Philippe, but to Jonkheer Marc de Becker-Rémy, a Belgian nobleman. After a bitter legal battle the Becker-Rémys divorced in 1934. Philippine’s parents then married. “I don’t particularly like the Catholic Church,” Philippine said later, “but that is what I am.”

During the Second World War, Philippe de Rothschild was imprisoned by the Vichy government, but escaped to London and later joined de Gaulle. Her mother, however, refused to leave Paris, assuming that her Catholicism would trump the surname Rothschild in the eyes of the Nazis. She was mistaken: in 1944, when her daughter was 10, she was arrested by the Gestapo and sent to Ravensbruck, where she became the only known member of the Rothschild family to die in a concentration camp.

Philippine reckoned that she owed her own survival to an “unknown German” officer who had a daughter of her age in Germany and decided not to send her with her mother. Though the pair had not been close, Philippine having been raised by nannies and sent to boarding school when she was seven, her mother’s death affected her profoundly: “It gave me a violent approach to life for at least 10 years after she died. I remember feeling that I had to fight my way through, that nothing was going to be easy,” she told an interviewer. “I was very defensive, very wild, anti everything. It was only when I started having affairs with men, sometimes quite a bit older than me, that I regained a sort of softness.”

Philippine had always wanted to be an actress and, after leaving school aged 16, took to the stage, as Philippine Pascal, with the Comédie Française, where she met and married a fellow actor, Jacques Sereys.

Philippine de Rothschild at her wedding to the actor Jacques Sereys (GETTY)

Though she later gave up her stage career to help her father run the family wine business, her theatrical training stood her in good stead, her showmanship and charm helping her to promote her wines throughout the world and in her dealings with businessmen. These she kept to a bare minimum, for, as she admitted: “I will get on much better with a journalist or a writer than I will with a man who deals with numbers and wears flash clothes… I have discovered that you can do business without living with business people.”

Philippine de Rothschild was a generous benefactress of charities and an avid collector of everything from houses and land to sculpture, tapestries and antiques. She had little interest in fashion, buying most of her clothes from chain stores, though she admitted to a liking for leopard-skin tights, of which she got regular supplies from the managing director of the family wine business in London, after spotting a pair in the window of a Soho sex shop .

Philippine de Rothschild was appointed an Officier de la Légion d’honneur in 2007.

Her marriage to Jacques Sereys was dissolved. She is survived by her second husband, Jean-Pierre de Beaumarchais, their son, and a son and daughter of her first marriage.

Baroness Philippine de Rothschild, born November 22 1933, died August 23 2014

Guardian:

ISIS rebel militant soldiers on the frontline

I am a British-born Jew, with immigrant ancestry. I will shortly be going to Gaza to assist in the humanitarian relief. The suggestion (or even the possibility, however remote) that I may be presumed to be a terrorist with the risk of being stripped of my citizenship is one of great concern to me (Ex-MI6 chief warns against rush to toughen terror laws, 26 August).

What happens if, while I am there with a civilian, our lives are put at risk? If either of us injure or kill the person threatening us, is it suggested I may be tried and imprisoned before losing my citizenship? Does it make any difference that I am a lawyer and going to Gaza on the invitation of an NGO? Which I am. Also, how, in that confused environment, could you possibly know who to trust; and what happens if I want to meet with the “other” side in this bloody conflict?

As I am Jewish, what if I choose to go to Israel and join the army? An option open to every Jew in the diaspora. The only way a distinction could be made would be by reference to the word “terrorist”, namely whether the other country is our ally. Finally, If we have learned one thing from Nelson Mandela, it is that the word “terrorist” simply means you are against the status quo. You cannot be a terrorist one minute and one of the greatest men of peace the next.
Robert Sherman
Leeds

• So Boris, in his attempt to be the new Tebbit, calls for punitive action against those allegedly fighting in Syria and Iraq. I do not remember such calls from the Tory right in the cases of Mike Hoare (mercenary In Congo), Peter McAleese (Angola) and other white British mercenaries, nor even Mark Thatcher and Simon Mann (convicted of an attempted coup d’état). Perhaps he will call for his strictures to be retrospective also?
Kevin Fitzgerald
Sea Palling, Norfolk

• The Islamic State caliphate finally realises a dream that goes back to the 1920s when the Muslim Brotherhood was established. Syria has been its main target since the 1960s. Assassinations of government figures hardened the Assad regime’s security apparatus and freedom was sacrificed for security. Syria remains resolutely secular and the nation’s disparate minorities continue to support Assad. The Islamists could not overthrow them, even with US weaponry and Saudi finance. Now they have established a base where they can fulfil their dream of an Islamist state. Why not let them have it? Agree new borders with Syria and Iraq to replace the Sykes-Picot lines in the sand, encourage repopulation of the region with fundamentalists and fund relocation of the refugees. The state of Israel was established against a similar background of desperation mixed with terrorist cruelty – existential challenges bring out the worst in people. The west supported the Zionist dream, so why not the Islamist one?
Craig Sams
Hastings, East Sussex

• John Gray (An apocalyptic cult carving a place in the modern world, 26 August) says that “to view Isis as expressing the core of one of the world’s great religious is to endorse Isis’s view of itself, which Islamic religious authorities across the world have rejected”.

I thought the point of the Enlightenment (and the Guardian) was to take nothing on authority but to think for oneself and test one’s theories rationally. Mr Gray, author of Al Qaeda and What it Means to be Modern, appears to have missed this point. Neither the views of Isis about itself nor the views of “religious authorities” are or should be determinative. I prefer to think for myself and, having read the Qur’an from cover to cover several times, I agree with Isis.
Paul Simmons
East Twickenham, Middlesex

• John Gray’s call for us to learn from our mistakes is hardly a ringing battle cry for western political leaders, although those who pay attention to Paddy Ashdown and Nick Clegg may hear faint echoes of it. Such a stance is probably well nigh impossible for Middle Eastern politicians.

As a Christian, I find it perfectly proper to challenge Muslims on a variety of issues with “please learn from our failures, ancient and modern”. Who’ll find the words for the political equivalent of that one?
Geoff Reid
Bradford

• Why is the UK not sending much-needed equipment to the PKK, already fighting with the less able, but UK-supported, KRG peshmerga to fight Islamic State, nor delivering any humanitarian aid to Rojava, Syrian Kurdistan, home now to over 1.5 million Syrian internally displaced people, of all ethnicities and religions, 90% women and children?

Time now to lift the terror tag from the PKK and support the Kurds, oppressed by all their host countries since the end of the second world war and the most effective force to defeat the jihadis.
Margaret Owen
Peace in Kurdistan

'Everyone should be able to access public library spaces – the last bastions of free knowledge,' wri

In response to your editorial (Public libraries: Losing the plot, 26 August), the important issue is that all of us, of any age, should read, be it in book form or digital. Everyone should be able to access public library spaces, which are the last bastions of free knowledge. The discarding of trained librarians demeans their worth, but that is the trend we continue to see.

But sometimes a community has the will and determination to not lose their precious library, as can be seen by the history of Friern Barnet Community library; it was a challenge that the community rose to. Even after Barnet council closed it, the campaign carried on with pop-up library days and then occupation thanks to members of Occupy London. With the doors flung open again and thousands of books donated, it took repeated visits to court for the council to eventually hand the library back to local people, who now serve as trustees. And just maybe we are doing what other council-run libraries could take on board, this being that the community sees it as a library, a computer access site and a community space with an ever-changing range of activities.

Not everything is perfect and no one wanted the council-run library to close. However, we now have regular yoga lessons, Pilates, French rhyme time, local history talks, community police surgeries, councillor surgeries, “Any Questions” evenings with a range of panel guests, Socratic dialogue sessions, music evenings, private hire available, longer opening hours than any council-run library, knit-and-natter groups, sight-impaired group, toddler play section, book-signing evenings (including Will Self), strawberry teas, a comprehensive website, regular newsletters and even a couple of wakes following the funerals of local supporters. In short, it is a hub of local activity which the community will never ever give up.
Cllr Pauline Coakey Webb
Trustee, Friern Barnet Community Library

• There would have been a time when one in three children without a book in the house would have demanded an enquiry into deprivation. I hesitate to write this because I love physical books, but does it mean that they do not read at all out of school? I am having to come to terms with electronic reading (it is surely a boon for those with visual impairment), and the library should be at the heart of electronic reading instead of competing with private providers. It should be a requirement that everything published is available digitally and for loan. Norway may be rich, but they don’t have to spend their money on the state library system, they choose to. If Britain is poor, it is becoming poorer for closing one in six public libraries and counting.
Dr Graham Ullathorne
Chesterfield

• It was a kindly thought of Doris Lessing to bequeath her books to Zimbabwe (Report, 27 August). Even greater credit if she left money to transport the books there. England is awash with secondhand books, but getting those to the people in Africa who desperately want them will cost a lot more than the commercial value of the books. This is part of the worsening imbalance of wealth between the rich world and the poor world. Mugabe’s millions, stolen from his own poor, have been laundered in “respectable” tax havens, and quite likely helped City bonuses. The rich world needs to have a care for its own safety by showing more “enlightened self-interest”, and considering how the greed of the few affects the poor majority of the world.

As well as their religious motives, are not the jihadists of the Middle East a blowback of anger at the excesses of capitalism? Can we learn in time to restrain the currently unrestrained self-enrichment and evasion of responsibility by the few? Flagrant tax evasion by the rich seems a remote subject, but actually concerns every person in the world.
Jenny Tillyard
Seaford, East Sussex

Richard Attenborough watches Chelsea play Manchester City at Stamford Bridge in 2003. Photograph: Ph

I know as a long-term Guardian reader that you have a problem with my football club, but two whole pages of obituary about perhaps our most famous fan (26 August), and not even one sentence about his relationship with Chelsea FC?

Richard Attenborough trained with the players to improve his physical condition for the role of Pinkie in the film of Brighton Rock. He also served on the board from 1969 to 1982; and he was appointed life vice-president after refusing to sell his shares to property developers in the 1980s, which helped to save the club from oblivion. When the stadium was redesigned in the 1990s, his work ensured proper upgrading of facilities for disabled spectators. Chelsea was a large part of his life, and deserved a mention.
Peter Collins
London

• Two years after interviewing Richard Attenborough on the tarmac at the old Delhi airport where he was shooting a scene for Gandhi, I was sent by my newspaper to grab some words with him at Heathrow on the morning he returned from Los Angeles with a fistful of Oscars for the film.

As a callow newcomer to Fleet Street I never imagined the world and his wife would also be there, too. I pushed my way through the reporters and photographers to the front of the throng, and as Attenborough came through customs he caught my eye, smiled and said: “Darling, how sweet of you to come and meet me!” as if I was a one-man reception party. He always had the ability to make everyone feel individually special.
Quentin Falk
Little Marlow, Buckinghamshire

• Lord Attenborough’s death in this centenary month of the outbreak of the first world war reminds me of the last occasion I heard the national anthem played in a cinema after a film – Oh! What a Lovely War at the Westcombe Park ABC in London in 1969. It was the first time I felt unable to stand up for it.
Paul A Newman
Winchester, Hampshire

Artificial leg slip

Prosthetic leg: no 'ball and socket' joint here. Photograph: Radius Images/Alamy

Your article about a new method of attaching artificial legs (27 August) twice describes the “traditional” method as a “ball-and-socket joint”. This form of joint, found in the shoulder and hip for example, allows movement in almost all directions.

Following an above-knee amputation, the artificial leg is put on by placing the stump of your leg into the socket of the prosthesis, but balls have nothing to do with it (except insofar as that you have to make sure that only your stump goes into the socket).

In Long John Silver’s day the leg would be all wood, and not articulated, the “peg-leg”. After the Marquess of Anglesey’s leg was blown off at Waterloo – “By God, sir, I’ve lost my leg!” he said to Wellington, who replied: “By God, sir, so you have!’” – he had an articulated leg mostly of leather. Forty years ago, when I was first fitted with one, the leg was metal; now the sockets are plastic and the lower leg carbon fibre.
Richard Humm
London

Lucian Freud and Frank Auerbach, 2002: galleries outside London would welcome the opportunity to sho

My love affair with modern art started 40 years ago with a visit to Sheffield Art Gallery. There a wonderful Frank Auerbach painting taught me more than all the books I had read before. It has been a long-lasting and sustaining relationship.

Jonathan Jones’s suggestion (Awe-inspiring art deserves to stay in London, 27 August) that Lucian Freud’s collection of Auberbach’s work must be left to Tate Modern is insulting as it suggests that the rest of Britain must always travel to London.

Surely we can recognise that other cities would welcome the collection. Curators and administrators in those cities would promote and show the work imaginatively as well.

It would help to redress the culture imbalance that exists, with London scooping up all the goodies. It would also assist in economic regeneration in those cities.

Surely Wakefield, Middlesbrough, Maidstone and other places with vibrant art galleries where local and international artists are represented would all attest to this. Let’s hear it for the hinterlands of the UK.
Steve Gove-Humphries
Birmingham

• So Jonathan Jones thinks “there is no point scattering the Freud collection of Auerbach’s art around museums in Manchester and Southampton and so forth”. His breathtaking Londoncentric arrogance is coupled to a lack of logic.

If the centres of exhibition are to be dictated by an artist’s location or subject matter then surely the case is made to redistribute all great art back to the countries of origin. Should we perhaps start by assembling together the “scattering” of paintings by Picasso, Monet, Manet and Degas in London and shipping them back to France toute de suite?
Richard Hooper
Oswaldtwistle, Lancashire

Kate Bush: Before The Dawn live at The Eventim Apollo, Hammersmith, London, Britain - 26 Aug 2014

Mindfulness (or meditation as it’s otherwise know) may bring positive benefits to the individual (Report, 26 August) but better provision for social and participatory arts, especially dancing, would be a better prescription for many. Dancing has demonstrated wellbeing benefits – both physical and mental – and it nurtures participation in civil society that interventions for the individual never will. Dance is both a prevention for ill health and a treatment. Government funding priorities need to be based on overall benefits and not just individual treatment.
Andrew Wood
Oxford Contact Dance

• I played viola on Kate Bush’s last LP, and laughed myself silly at her nonsensical lyrics about snowmen. The obsequious, unquestioning critical acclaim heaped upon this manifestly overrated singer is rather depressing, and summed up by your reviewer (Kate Bush, Hammersmith Apollo, 27 August) when he describes an audience who “spend the first part of the show clapping everything; no gesture is too insignificant to warrant applause”. Enough said.
Bill Hawkes
Canterbury

• If history is anything to go by, Russia won’t tolerate further eastward encroachment by Nato. Many of us recall Russia’s Cuban missile placement and how the US reacted to it. Why would western leaders imagine Russia will behave differently to a similar threat (Nato plans bases in east Europe to deter Russia, 27 August)?
Ian Lowery
Kensworth, Bedfordshire

• Two sorts of raspberries were on sale in the local supermarket today: “British” (from Wales, decorated with a union flag) and “Scottish” (decorated with a saltire). Is there something we’re not being told (Salmond’s not won yet, 27 August)?
Simon Nicholls
London

• Perhaps we should join Scotland in moving the summer bank holiday to the start of August? We might have a better chance of decent weather.
Miriam Taylor
Stanford in the Vale, Oxfordshire

• Awesome? Marvellous? Does no one say “groovy, daddio” any more (Shortcuts, G2, 27 August)?
Allan Jones
Yardley Gobion, Northamptonshire

Independent:

I was the adviser to the Scottish parliamentary inquiry into child sexual exploitation (CSE) in 2013. I’m an Edinburgh University researcher and writer on sexual abuse issues.

The shocking catalogue of child sexual exploitation in Rotherham, described with such uncompromising integrity by Alexis Jay, happened mainly because police, social services, and even communities witnessing the grooming “in plain sight” shared the abusers’ view of these vulnerable, throwaway girls: they were wee liars, delinquent, promiscuous – and not worth anyone’s hassle or expense. These girls were often under state “protection” after already suffering abuse or neglect.

Until these attitudes are finally uprooted, CSE scandals will continue throughout the UK.

Could staff who have chosen to work in caring for others please tell us how they could witness children’s trauma, distress and physical injuries, yet still interpret these as signs of consent?

Many professionals in Rotherham appear to have been guilty of allowing serious crimes against children to continue. If so, there ought to be grounds for prosecution. They also appear to have been flouting law and guidance from the early 2000s. Indeed, knowledge had been publicised of Sara Swann’s “boyfriend model” by the late 1990s. Developed through her work in Bradford, this described the exact pattern of ensnaring, total control and violent abuse of young teenage girls by older males.

Official guidance to child protection professionals in 2000 made clear that children in what was then called prostitution should be treated primarily as victims of abuses and as children in need. They should be safeguarded, and coercers prosecuted. Identification of children should always trigger multi-agency procedures to ensure their safety and welfare. Looked-after children were especially vulnerable.

The Sexual Offences Act 2003 strengthened the messages of this guidance. It became an offence to cause or incite child prostitution and included the offence “of administrating a substance with the intent of committing a sexual offence”.

Plying victims with drink and drugs is an almost universal feature of CSE. So we also have to ask why the wishes of Parliament and Government were also being ignored for at least a decade.

Sarah Nelson
Edinburgh

This year we have had the export of extremism, the Trojan Horse affair in education in Birmingham, and now the horrors of Rotherham. All these have occurred because of the reticence, at best, and the fear, at worst, of treading on the sensibilities of ethnic minorities.

That has been as a direct result of the determination in the past three decades to establish multiculturalism: the notion that all cultures are equal, that there is no such thing as a host-nation culture in which all foreign newcomers have elected to settle and to which they should be prepared to adapt.

It is now surely obvious that the process is an abject failure. It will be a long and uphill task, but the time has clearly come to dismantle the entire concept of the “multicultural society”.

Edward Thomas
Eastbourne

Professor Alexis Jay’s report outlining child abuse in Rotherham raises a number of serious questions about our society and the values of individuals who clearly considered the protection of children less important than maintaining a camouflage of political correctness.

Of course resignations may result, but it’s not enough. Perhaps one way to ensure that morality is more likely to win the day in the future is to prosecute those who knew of these crimes and whose function it was to protect the children or uphold the law.

Peter Wrightson
Brent Pelham, Hertfordshire

A spokesperson from the NSPCC commented that there had been “collective blindness” in uncovering the extent of child abuse in Rotherham. A more appropriate phrase might have been “collective disregard and collusion”.

We can be sure that the figure quoted, of more than 1,400, only scratches the surface of this. For every case we know about, there will be countless others, and in many other cities.

Another recent news item, seemingly unconnected, was the call for sex education for seven-year-olds. These children in Rotherham will have experienced “sex education” of the worst possible kind – and the effect that unhealthy relationships can have.

Linda Piggott-Vijeh
Combe St Nicholas, Somerset

A good CV will help you get a job…

I sympathise with the situation Nina Gillespie finds herself in (“Got the degree – now for the job”, 21 August). Increasingly, unpaid internships are replacing what would have been paid, permanent jobs five years ago. But those paid graduate jobs do still exist in abundance, and the frustrations experienced by graduates seeking them are felt in similar measure by employers looking to fill their entry-level vacancies.

This summer I reviewed well over 500 CVs from applicants for the 20 or so graduate positions our fast-growing technology company had on offer.

Just over half of those applicants were in the reject pile within one minute of their submissions being opened. Spelling mistakes, typographical errors, random capitalisation and eclectic font use accounted for the majority.

If our universities are offering careers advice, then starting with how new graduates present themselves to employers way before they reach the interview stage would be a start. If they are already doing this, then I would encourage the students to pay more attention in class.

Rich Mortimer
Head of Talent, Egress Software Technologies
London NW6

…but not if you are  of a certain age

In the Seventies and Eighties I went through my schooling years with every belief that my government would look after its own (after all, we’re the ones who pay the taxes) and provide me with a compatible job.

I left college with an honours degree in biological sciences following my three A-levels and nine O-levels. After two years’ struggle I got a suitable job in cancer research in Oxford where I was very happy.

I helped get many scientific papers published and became a well-respected research institute member over 13 years.

Then the funding fell through and I was made redundant. I was not downhearted at the time, as I thought I would easily get another job in the lab with all my experience.

As a temporary “stopgap” I took up a job as a hospital porter. This was 11 years ago and I am still that porter.

In spite of hundreds of applications made to suitable vacancies (mainly within Oxford University),  I have been unable to secure another position. Now, at 50, I am considered too old.

This has had a negative effect on my children, who are going through school, disillusioned about what they are actually training for.

None of this is my fault. I worked hard to get my qualifications and I worked hard to gain all the work experience in order to compile a fairly impressive CV – but what good is all this? I’ve come to the conclusion that justice, in this country at least, just doesn’t exist.

Tony Bywaters
Oxford

Corporate tax failure hits world’s poor

The questions raised by your article about the accuracy of Government figures on corporate tax avoidance (“Osborne claims ‘mis-stated’ success of tax crackdown”, 27 August) touch on a wider issue.

The Government has asserted that the UK needs to help the world’s poorest countries fight back against tax avoidance. But this laudable aim has been contradicted by the UK’s actions. Two years ago the Government watered down its so-called Controlled Foreign Company rules – a measure that could cost poor and developing countries billions of pounds a year in lost tax revenue. That is money that could otherwise be spent building schools, hospitals and other public services.

It is time for all political parties to commit to act against the damage to poor countries caused by the UK’s corporate tax regime.

Florence de Vesvrotte
Government Relations Adviser, ActionAid
London EC1

You cannot make tax sexy. HMRC should concentrate on corporations and individual executives who consistently pay less tax than their cleaners, instead of playing cops and robbers with 30 individuals on a “most wanted” list.

Ian McKenzie
Lincoln

A question of too much sport?

Celia Stevens and David Harris (letters, 26 August) complain about how the sports pages cover too much men’s sport and too much football respectively. Perhaps there is just too much sport in The Independent (18 per cent of yesterday’s paper)?

David Stansfield
London E14

Times:

Charity fund-raising and the thin line between campaigning and political activism

Sir, Stephen Pollard (Aug 26) suggests that charities’ campaigning is partisan, and that they are not transparent. For centuries charities have spoken out against injustice and suffering. In law, charities have a duty to work to alleviate the problems they tackle, and to try to prevent them arising at all. Charity law reflects this by allowing them to speak out on “political” issues in line with their mission.

The Charity Commission recently proposed requiring charities to declare how much they spend on “political campaigning”. A drive toward greater transparency is good for charities and good for society — and most if not all are working to be highly transparent.

However, the attempt to separate “political” campaigning from their other work is at best illogical. At worst, it panders to an infantilised debate that gives the false impression that campaigning is an optional extra to a charity’s work with beneficiaries.

Charity campaigning may be political but this does not make it partisan. Those in power are entitled to object to what is said, but not to charities’ right to say it. Charities speak for their beneficiaries, never for political parties.

The commission’s proposals must be seen in the context of the government’s Lobbying Act and of other attacks on civil society’s right to speak truth to power. It is no surprise that charity leaders speak out in defence of their beneficiaries. We should be glad of it. Society and our democracy would certainly be poorer if charities were muzzled.

Sir Stephen Bubb

Association of Chief Executives of Voluntary Organisations

Sir, This “member of the public” does not expect charities to “stick to their knitting” (“Charities ordered to come clean on campaign activity”, Aug 26). I support charities in their efforts to alleviate suffering and distress and I applaud charities which campaign to bring about changes which might make their work redundant one day.

That ministers are exasperated at being criticised suggests a disturbingly autocratic perspective on the part of some of those elected to serve the nation.

Rosalind Richardson

Bideford, Devon

Sir, I worked in a national medical charity’s head office for several years. I was struck less by the failure to divulge where large sums (more than £20 million per annum) were spent, and more by the culture of spending on administration. The funds used for research into the many forms of medical condition were extremely commendable, helping many people, but spending at the head office building was so wasteful. In the few years I worked there, the 30-plus staff had several complete re-equips of their desktop computers, and complete refurbishment of furniture and carpets, even though the building itself was very modern. There were also about a dozen staff cars, which were updated every three years. Salaries were very reasonable, including a chief executive getting a six-figure salary.

Having witnessed such waste, my wife and I, who had been regular donors to several national charities, ceased giving. We prefer to help local charities, which spend a larger percentage of our donations on the help they give.

Richard Madin

Buxton, Derbyshire

A judge’s views on alcohol, rape and responsibility should not be drowned by politically correct chorus

Sir, Open discussion of rape seems to be impossible. We do not want to return to the days when judges casually dismissed rape claims saying that the victims “asked for it”, but we are in danger of going to the other extreme. Why should Judge Mary Mowat’s completely reasonable and realistic remark (“Rape conviction rate will not go up until women stop binge drinking, says judge”, Aug 27) that it is difficult for a jury to convict if a rape victim is so drunk that she cannot actually remember if she was raped cause such outrage?

It is common sense. Binge-drinking is a curse but no government has ever taken it seriously. It could be stopped quite easily if the will was there. In the past such extreme drunkenness was uncommon among women so they were not so much at risk. As a long-term feminist, I think that the rape charities should be helping women to keep control of their own bodies and welcome Judge Mowat’s remarks, rather than producing the usual Pavlovian response.

Kathryn Dobson

Liverpool

Muslim leader blames UK Muslim extremism on failure of governments to engage with Muslim communities

Sir, You concede (leader, Aug 26) that the Muslim Council of Britain (MCB), a democratic platform of British mosques and Muslim associations, “is no supporter of jihadists”. Our position against extremism and terrorism has always been quite clear, yet now you advocate that we should be ignored because of activities and statements attributed to former officials of the MCB.

You also state that the MCB has extended affiliation to “highly dubious” groups. The MCB is a broad-based organisation, from all traditions of Islam. We do not promote sectarianism by favouring some traditions over others. All of our affiliates are encouraged to seek the common good.

UK governments have failed to tackle extremism. In our view that is partly because governments, and this government in particular, have failed to engage properly with Muslim communities.

Dr Shuja Shafi

Secretary General, MCB

The startling rise in bank card scams and similar crimes requires a sophisticated new response

Sir, For 20 years we have been told that crime is falling but last month ONS quietly published the data to underpin what we’ve suspected all along: the figures routinely underestimate the truth, and that once we include bank and credit card fraud, tax and benefit fraud, ID theft and internet scams, the total of crimes rockets (“Crime fall hides huge rise in bank card fraud”, Aug 26).

We don’t know whether including all forms of fraud for the past 20 years would have negated the year-on-year fall in crime, but we do know that neither the police nor Action Fraud, the agency specifically set up to tackle fraud, can do more than scratch the surface. There are simply nowhere near the resources to match the problem. Investigating fraud is very resource intensive and the result is so often frustrating: expensive trials that fail to reach a verdict; low sentences that fail to deter offenders; victims left with no justice and no compensation.

With the genie now out of the bottle, it is time to find a much more sophisticated response to fraud that is located primarily outside the criminal justice system; based on prevention, regulation and education not arrest, prosecution and (no) convictions.

Dr Sarah Garner

The Police Foundation

The question of Leicester’s most famous son is answered; he was also the city’s legendary father

Sir, I believe King Lear must take the crown as Leicester’s most distinguished native, living or dead.

Michael Cole

Laxfield, Suffolk

Telegraph:

Never forget: poppies, doves and a Military Cross to remind kneelers of the world wars

6:57AM BST 27 Aug 2014

CommentsComments

SIR – Last November you ran an article in which the writer urged individuals and groups to find ways to commemorate the coming centenary of the start of the First World War.

Your article inspired me to make a kneeler, which I presented to our church, St Mary’s in Chiddingstone, last Sunday.

As 2014 is also the 75th anniversary of the start of the Second World War, my hassock is dedicated to all who served our country in the two world wars. The design includes the British Legion poppy, doves of peace and a Military Cross, which is a reference to the medal awarded in 1944 to my father, Capt John Childs, for his courage while serving with the Special Operations Executive in northern Greece.

Alison Savage
Edenbridge, Kent

Senior Matron Breda Athan demonstrates the procedure when preparing to treat potential patients with Ebola at The Royal Free Hospital in London Photo: Getty Images

6:58AM BST 27 Aug 2014

CommentsComments

SIR – News that Britain’s health authorities have brought an Ebola victim, and therefore the virus, into this country is beyond belief.

I thought they were meant to keep these diseases out.

Malcolm Parkin
Kinnesswood, Kinross-shire

SIR – Am I the only one uncomfortable at the different treatment afforded to the recent English victim of Ebola and the Africans stricken with this disease?

It seems that if you are European or American, your fate is in some way deemed more important than if you are African, and perhaps already live in dire conditions.

Let us hope that a cure will soon be found for this dreadful disease so that such a dilemma will not occur again.

Susan Cunliffe
Woodbridge, Suffolk

Prisoners in handcuffs

SIR – Howard Thomas, a former chief probation officer (Letters, August 25) appears to believe the manner in which Max Clifford was escorted to a funeral was designed to humiliate.

During my 10 years in the prison service it was always standard procedure to handcuff prisoners while escorting them to hospital appointments or funerals. Max Clifford was subject to normal practice, however demeaning that may appear.

Lionel Goulder
Birmingham

Third degree from 111

SIR – Like Chris Fairgrieve (Letters, August 23), I was at first irritated by a 111 operator’s lengthy interrogation when I rang, in my case folllowing my wife’s fall in the garden – but a nurse assured me that the paramedic was already on the way.

Indeed, he was administering excellent first aid even before the nurse had ended her questions.

John Goulding
Potters Bar, Hertfordshire

A scenic route

SIR – How entertaining travelling on the roads is these days, though it is hardly relaxing. While in the passenger seat on a recent 100-mile journey, I counted two drivers texting: one a lorry driver and one a white van man.

Another lorry driver had what looked like a map spread across his steering wheel. Three cars contained front-seat passengers who had their feet up on the dashboard.

Most perplexing of all were the six discarded shoes on the hard shoulder, ranging from a toddler’s shoe to a stiletto. I now seem to spot lone shoes on every journey, and have made a game of how many I can see in one day. There have been no wellington boots so far.

Maggie Riordan
Lympsham, Somerset

That shallot

SIR – This year I have grown a particularly good crop of shallots.

But last Monday the green tops had completely disappeared, seemingly chopped off by blunt shears with not a trace left behind. No marks on the soil; lettuce, leeks and other vegetables nearby untouched; husband innocent.

Considering that they were growing in a raised concrete bed, around three feet in height, in an almost enclosed courtyard, I am at a loss to explain this mystery.

Margaret Mackley
Salcombe, Devon

Female commissioners

SIR – So now Jean-Claude Juncker, the president of the European Commission, is insisting that several heads of government should nominate female candidates as commissioners in place of their male nominees. He might be heeded more readily if he offered a personal contribution – such as standing down to make way for a female president.

James Croft
Farnborough, Kent

In a league of his own

SIR – The news of Lord Attenborough’s death has moved me, as I used to serve him in the directors’ lounge at Chelsea Football Club, where I was a waitress.

One day he came over to talk to me and said that he’d noticed that I was deaf – I have severe hearing loss in both ears and relied totally on lip reading and people’s mannerisms to anticipate their requirements. Attenborough said that he had arranged for me to see his own hearing specialist in Streatham. Being a bit shy then, I didn’t have the heart to tell him that I didn’t have enough money to get there after paying the rent. But his kind offer touched me, and he has had a place in my heart ever since.

Beth Balshaw
Preston, Lancashire

No more!

SIR – I have listened to and enjoyed many of this year’s Prom concerts on the radio, but I do wonder why the soloists in the concertos feel they must play an encore after their performance.

On Sunday I heard a wonderful performance of the Dvorˇák cello concerto, which has a truly glorious ending, after which the only possible thing was silence. Instead, the cellist played a slow movement from a Bach cello suite.

Why? A concerto is not a solo work. It is a conversation between orchestra and solo instrument. The performer was very good and deserved the applause, but that is where it should have ended.

Jennifer Moorhouse
Todmorden, West Yorkshire

Safe spot

SIR – Your list of Britain’s most desirable postcodes contains none from Lincolnshire. Hurrah!

Robert Johnson
Scothern, Lincolnshire

Cheerio to all that: mourning changes in English

SIR – The present participles “standing” and “sitting” should be added to the list of rarely used words, as they have been almost universally (and incorrectly) replaced with the past participles “stood” and “sat”.

Now I must get back to spending the next fortnight tidying my drawers and looking for my old Walkman, after having a couple of slices of marvellous toast and marmalade, if the pussycat doesn’t get to them first. Cheerio.

Jeremy Burton
Shurlock Row, Berkshire

SIR – Why do some contestants on University Challenge “read” a subject while others “study” one? It is not to distinguish one university from another, as in a team from St Peter’s College, Oxford; two contestants “read” while two “studied”.

Lynne Waldron
Woolavington, Somerset

SIR – “Extraordinary” has become the most over-used and abused word in the English language – particularly on television news programmes.

Ian Thomas
Woburn Sands, Buckinghamshire

SIR – If “fetch” is falling into disuse, is that because “get” has replaced it?

Not so long ago in Glasgow, an obedient dog would regard “Get!” as a forceful instruction to hasten away and not return.

Ken Stevens
Sonning Common, Oxfordshire

Salmond has refused to say what an independent Scotland’s currency would be if the Chancellor continued to rule out a deal to share sterling Photo: JEFF J MITCHELL/GETTY IMAGES

7:00AM BST 27 Aug 2014

CommentsComments

SIR – In Monday’s televised debate on Scottish independence, Alex Salmond, Scotland’s First Minister, stated very clearly that he wanted to keep the pound sterling, and that sterling was controlled by the Bank of England.

It is a well-known adage that “he who controls the currency controls the country”. Scotland could well find itself in a situation where it is run by the Bank of England without any representation whatsoever in Westminster. This seems a very dangerous and totally undemocratic situation of which the Scots should be made aware before they vote.

It is such a shame that Alistair Darling did not make this point.

John Fagan
Fulmer, Buckinghamshire

SIR – Kevin Cottrell is correct in pointing out that the Channel Islands and the Isle of Man are not part of the United Kingdom, but fails to mention that they are crown dependencies, for which the UK government of the day has administrative responsibility on the sovereign’s behalf.

This covers areas such as defence and foreign affairs, as well as oversight in conjunction with the Privy Council of the islands’ day-to-day affairs.

The Bank of England is there to provide support should the islands’ finances get into a parlous state. Drawing a comparison between the islands and Scotland, should the referendum vote turn out to be a Yes for independence, would be like comparing chalk and cheese.

Independence should not be confused with that under-the-counter elixir that Mr Salmond is actually peddling, namely interdependence. Independence means the severance of the Act of Union, which would require Scotland to put in the necessary governmental and administrative arrangements, from diplomatic services to car registration and from new passports for all Scots to a new pension ministry – all within the 18 or so months that Alex Salmond envisages.

It is only right for the Government to highlight the risks of independence to the citizens of the United Kingdom – and that includes those north of the border.

Barrie H Bertram
Caton, Lancashire

SIR – Having seen the debate, one cannot help being impressed with Mr Salmond’s passion and obvious sincerity regarding home rule for Scotland.

In view of this, is it safe to assume that, should he win the referendum for Scottish independence, he will allow the Orkney and Shetland islands a similar opportunity to decide their own future?

Dr John Bennett
Newick, East Sussex

SIR – Two Scottish men shouting at each other, and they don’t even have the decency to do it in a Glasgow pub.

Malcolm Clark
Welwyn, Hertfordshire

Irish Times:

Sir, – Fintan O’Toole, writing about the eighth amendment to the Constitution (“Why Ireland never faced up to the issue of abortion”, Opinion & Analysis, August 26th), claims that a number of named organisations were “the bodies that made Ireland unique in the democratic world in having a ban on abortion in its constitution”.

The constitutional amendment was made following a free choice by the people, not by the organisations named in Mr O’Toole’s article. Furthermore, the amendment was not a ban on abortion, it was a declaration that unborn children and their mothers have equal rights to their respective lives. Insofar as there was a ban on abortion, it had existed from 1861, 120 years before the pro-life amendment campaign was founded.

Mr O’Toole also refers to “the ideology that gave us the eighth amendment”, describing it as “utterly dismissive of any qualifications to its absolutist views”. In fact, the amendment provides for recognition of equal right to life for both children and women – hardly reflective of an absolutist dismissal of qualifications. – Yours, etc,

CHARLIE TALBOT,

Moanbane Park,

Kilcullen,

Co Kildare.

Sir, –Fintan O’Toole’s opinion piece is nothing more than an attempt to divert attention from the actual debate at hand, and the sentiments expressed in the quotes he has peppered his article with imply a spurious link between today’s pro-life movement and what are quite frankly the somewhat extreme views of some. It is a cheap trick by Mr O’Toole. Extreme views, whether well intentioned or otherwise, can be found on either side of virtually any topic we collectively choose to discuss and debate.

I cannot speak for those referenced in Mr O’Toole’s article but my own view is that the general argument raised by Mr O’Toole and others continually fails to grasp the fact that this debate is best centred in the language of human rights, not necessarily in the language of faith or religion. Those who oppose abortion, whether for reasons of faith or otherwise, do so on the basis that to oppose abortion is to stand up on behalf of those in what can be the most frightening and vulnerable stages of human life, an expectant mother and the baby she is carrying in situations involving a harrowing rape, a devastating medical diagnosis or psychological illness, to give example of some of the many and varied situations that may arise.

Abortion is too easy a solution for the myriad situations that these women face. We owe these women more than what Mr O’Toole and others advocate – a quick-fix solution to ease a nation’s collective guilty conscience. Instead we should be focusing on giving these women and their babies the attentive care and post-partum support they require rather than making them believe that a quick abortion, putting on a good face and a lifetime of silence is the only option. – Yours, etc,

NIALL DOYLE,

Putland Road,

Bray,

Co Wicklow.

Sir, – In his highly selective history of the foundation of the Pro-Life Amendment Campaign, Fintan O’Toole says that the organisations which comprised this group “are the bodies that made Ireland unique in the democratic world in having a ban on abortion in its constitution.” He gives these groups far too much credit.

The 1983 amendment was not foisted on us by some ultra-religious fifth column, as he suggests. In fact, it was proposed by the democratically elected government of the day and put to a referendum by a majority decision of both houses of the democratically elected Oireachtas. It was then approved by the people, with 841,233 voting in favour, 67 per cent of those who voted.

This is how our democracy works, a fact which Mr O’Toole has overlooked. Does the fact that he doesn’t agree with the decision detract in any way from its legitimacy? – Yours, etc,

BARRY WALSH,

Brooklawn,

Clontarf,

Dublin 3.

Sir, – Unable or unwilling to engage with the core issue on abortion, Fintan O’Toole resorts in his latest column to the weakest possible of arguments: denigrating some of the leaders of the Pro-Life Amendment Campaign all of 30 years ago – focusing not as one might expect on their views on the issue itself but on their views on contraception and homosexuality.

His aim appears to be to attempt to discredit the pro-life position by association with selected reactionary comments on unrelated matters.

He describes the pro-life position as “absolutist” but this is an apt description of his own position because he is undeniably absolutist in his exclusion of the perspective of the unborn child. He also omits to mention in his highly selective narrative that it was the people of Ireland who put the clause protecting the unborn into the Constitution, not a handful of individuals. – Yours, etc,

PAUL DALY,

Bayside Boulevard North,

Dublin 13.

Sir, – Having read Fintan O’Toole’s insightful piece on the people and organisations behind the eighth amendment, I cannot help but be struck by how many of the agendas of these groups have failed, and how we as a country have chosen a different path.

I am proud to live in a country where access to contraception is a norm. Where equal rights for gay people are enshrined in our laws and homosexuality is beginning to be fully acknowledged and celebrated. Where all children have a right to be cherished, loved and have access to the same services and facilities regardless of their “legitimacy”. And where I can send my daughter to a school where I hope she will learn to be interested in and accepting of people of all religions and none. I am hopeful too that this country will soon allow women to access their rights over their own bodies, and remove the eight amendment from our Constitution.

I wonder how disappointed the surviving members of that conservative group must feel now. – Yours, etc,

MARIE O’HARE,

Cromwell’s Lane,

Drogheda,

Co Louth.

Sir, – As columnists, commentators and letter-writers charge across the pages of The Irish Times in defence of John Redmond’s achievements, they might pause briefly to note what was said in volume one of the Survey of British Commonwealth Affairs issued by Oxford University Press in 1937. In the words of the author, WK Hancock: “The act which Redmond was willing to accept from Parliament as a ‘final settlement’– Sinn Féin would never allow Redmond to forget that disastrous phrase – was nothing more than a scheme of provincial autonomy. It was a scheme of provincial autonomy so circumscribed that an Australian colony, even sixty or seventy years earlier, would have rejected it with indignation. [He then lists the matters excluded from the competence of the Irish parliament.] Ireland, to all intents and purposes, remained within the British financial system: at the head of six limitations on her fiscal autonomy, customs and excise were listed. Ireland, in the future as in the past, would send representatives to Westminster. The act left intact the framework of the United Kingdom. If this was what home rule meant, home rule – although its excited partisans and opponents could not see it – was in fact another form of unionism.”

It would be unusual, I imagine, for a state to celebrate an initiative that fell so far short of the statehood that was later achieved. Hancock proceeds: “In method and theory also the Irish leaders who were willing to accept this act worked within the framework of the United Kingdom. Their strategy and tactics assumed the validity of the Act of Union. The Irish had accepted English rules.”

John Redmond underlined the point by encouraging his followers to join the British army. He appears by then to have become a sincere imperialist. Some other home rule leaders made a more pragmatic calculation that limited home rule was the best available option for nationalism at the time. Their position was undermined both by the power of unionism and by changes – some gradual, as in changing attitudes to the war; some rapid, as in the aftermath of 1916 – in popular understanding of the war and its political lessons. As Hancock says, the home rule leaders had “accepted the constitutional principle of the sovereignty of [the British] parliament. They staked everything upon this principle. They lost their stake.”

They were of their time and misread the future, as most of us do most of the time. More seriously, they played with war – and human lives – and lost. This is surely something to remember and analyse rather than to celebrate. – Yours, etc,

BARRA Ó SEAGHDHA,

Martin’s Row,

Chapelizod, Dublin 20.

Sir, – Kudos to Eduardo Porter for his incisive analysis of population and the environment (“Population, education and climate change are close relations”, Health + Family, August 26th). However, his statement that China’s one-child policy “is now widely considered a blatant violation of human rights” left me baffled. No human rights authority has ever determined that countries are forbidden from wading into the issue of family size, given the importance of that issue to the health and safety of the world.

For example, had world average birthrates remained at their 1995 level of 3.04 children per woman, the UN estimated world population would have reached 256 billion people by 2150. While methods of enforcement such as coerced abortions and sterilisations violate human rights, countries are free to implement population policies that gently guide their citizens to make good decisions, in much the way that some states guide their citizens to wear seatbelts and avoid cigarettes.

Given the parade of horrible things such as climate change and food shortages (to say nothing of mass extinction) that Mr Porter admits all come from a world bursting at its seams with people, one wonders why countries are not doing so already. – Yours, etc,

CARTER DILLARD,

44th Avenue,

San Francisco,

California.

Sir, – A quote attributed to Oscar Wilde says “whenever people agree with me , I always feel I must be wrong”. Patrick Smyth disagreed with comments I made about the downing of the Malaysian plane in eastern Ukraine (“Blaming the EU over Ukraine easy, but misguided”, July 26th, Opinion & Analysis). In my original letter, I suggested the EU and United States must accept ultimate responsibility for this tragedy, since they had created the conditions for the illegal coup in Ukraine. Mr Smyth suggested this was “ the logic of a Provo”. If memory serves me correctly, the Provos attributed each atrocity to “ 800 years of British oppression”. Well the coup in Ukraine occurred just six months ago, so cause and effect can be readily established and the comparison is simply arrant nonsense and indeed odious. Apologists for the western action, such as Mr Smyth, give the impression that the coup was somehow excusable, on the basis that the government of Yanukovych was “deeply unpopular”. Using that criterion, we could excuse coups in virtually every European capital and Washington, at the moment.

The violence we see in eastern Ukraine now is a symptom of the fear and mistrust engendered by the coup, in a country which is deeply divided. In the example of a pedestrian killed by a drunken driver, we attribute the fatality, not to two tonnes of metal colliding with flesh and bone, but rather to the excessive alcohol consumed by the driver. This is the root cause. Easy to understand for most people surely!

I do not intend to bore your readers with details of the American involvement in the coup.

Victoria Nuland, a neocon hawk in the Obama administration, has herself boasted of it and her work in this area is well documented. Also documented are talks she held with the neo-Nazi group, the Svoboda Party, who provided the “muscle” for the coup, forcing Mr Yanukovych to flee for his life. In a taped phone conversation in Kiev, Ms Nuland is heard discussing with the American ambassador essentially just what type of government they should install. I am not greatly concerned with the Americans, however. We know they will always serve their own self-interests and we know also there are hawks in Washington hoping to start a new cold war. A military budget of $1.75 billion each day demands constant conflict and tensions in the world. If they are not there, they must of course be created. I am sure Mr Smyth is familiar with this, given his time in Washington.

It is the debacle that is EU foreign policy that should be our real concern. We are bearing the brunt of Russian sanctions to further the interests of the United States! Whether the EU has been malevolent or just plain stupid is difficult to tell. When Catherine Ashton is involved, naivety can never be entirely ruled out. Whatever the truth of the matter, it should have been plain to EU member states that the economic package offered to Yanukovych would place him in an impossible situation. Damned if he did and damned if he did not. The manner in which Europe, the bastion of democracy, accepted the coup was quite astonishing and disappointing. Let us be clear also, that the current regime in Kiev, linked closely to ultra nationalist groups, has no legitimacy. The post-coup election was held in a state at civil war and with fascist gangs intimidating voters in the west of the country.

For many years Russia has been nervous of the aggressive eastward expansion of the EU and Nato. Just as the United States would not accept missiles in Cuba, so Russia has a perfect right to refuse such an outcome in Ukraine. This is the real American and Nato agenda and the EU seems to be a compliant conspirator. Europe has nothing to gain from a poor relationship with Russia. On the contrary we should be looking east for future strategic alliances which will be necessary to counter the hegemony of the United States and China in the future. To those who believe our future lies with the Americans, just let me mention Edward Snowden and WikiLeaks. As our good “friend”, Ms Nuland commented, when told that Europe was reluctant to impose sanctions on Russia, “f*ck Europe”.

That just about says it all. – Yours, etc,

ALAN McPARTLAND,

Grange Court,

Rathfarnham, Dublin 16.

Sir, – I object to the flying of a flag in support of the gay community at a Garda station in Henry Street, Limerick (“Limerick Garda station to fly flag in support of gay pride parade”, August 27th).

You report that those in the station are doing this “as a significant symbol of support for the gay community in Ireland”.

The Garda Síochána should remain even-handed in its approach to society, “neither supporting nor opposing any causes” outside its function of maintaining law and order. – Yours, etc,

JOHN BARNEWELL,

Lakelands Close,

Stillorgan,

Co Dublin.

Sir, – I note that a Limerick Garda station is to fly the rainbow flag in support of gay pride. Why do not all Garda stations fly the national flag in support of national pride? Travel in France or the US and you will see national flags flying over police stations. – Yours, etc,

HUGH FORTUNE,

Blackstick Lane,

Gorey,

Co Wexford.

Sir, – Well done to Keith Duggan for his article “GAA has fumbled the ball” (August 26th). The reason given by the GAA for not replaying the game in Croke Park in two weeks is the possibility of the Dublin v Donegal match ending in a draw.

I wonder what are the statistical odds of both All-Ireland semi-finals ending in a draw in the same year, and indeed whether it has ever happened? And even in the event of it happening, surely then make the decision to relocate if needs be.

Meanwhile, Claregalway should be fun around lunchtime next Saturday. – Yours, etc,

BRIAN LENNON,

Kilmeena,

Westport,

Co Mayo.

Sir, – If Dublin was in Mayo’s position, with a play-off against Kerry, you could be damn sure they would have the replay at Croke Park! – Yours, etc,

KEVIN DEVITTE,

Mill Street,

Westport,

Co Mayo.

A chara, – I enjoyed Una Mullally’s piece “Loom bands can help stretch children” (Opinion & Analysis, August 25th). I was introduced to this phenomenon by my nine-year-old daughter Sonja at the start of the summer holidays. As someone who can be described as congenitally clumsy, I was surprised to find how enjoyable playing with these things has become.

Loom bands, like youth, are too precious to be wasted on the young. Come on, all you middle-aged parents, weave and wear your loom bands with pride! – Is mise,

JOE McLAUGHLIN,

Bonnyrigg,

Midlothian, Scotland.

Sir, – I agree with Sarah Waldron that trainers can add a dash of flair to office attire (Trainers are the new work uniform”, August 27th). While we’re at it, let’s ban men’s ties from the office. – Yours, etc,

PATRICIA O’RIORDAN,

Stamer Street,

Dublin 8.

Irish Independent:

IT is strange to be hearing calls for populist pay rises (‘Time for wage rises to spur economy – Labour minister’, Irish Independent, August 27) when we are still borrowing €6bn this year to balance our current account.

We are insolvent, but for some the answer is to give ourselves a pay rise – how wise is that? The Irish domestic economy is in intensive care. Retail turnover is down by one third since 2006, with many business closures continuing as a result. To recover that 33pc lost, it will take many years, perhaps 10 years at 3pc growth per annum. Then, and only then, can we even consider paying ourselves more.

This Government has already increased the national minimum wage. The National Competitiveness Council says that was an error, and today we continue to erode the nation’s competitiveness position with errant abandon.

Trade union leaders and the Labour Party only pay lip service to the long-term unemployed, as they collectively call for pay rises. They are the vocal minority playing populist tunes that will keep the long-term unemployed on the dole queues. It is time to hold our nerve, let the economy recover fully, and build growth again on a realistic basis.

Ireland’s troubled economy is a long, long way from the luxury of awarding each other pay rises.

Brian Cooper

Old Youghal Road, Cork

Bruton didn’t feel hardship

It is disgraceful that Richard Bruton has shot down the statement by Labour Minister for Business and Employment Ged Nash that low to middle-income earners need pay rises to help the economic recovery.

Like so many others, since 2008 I have received no pay increases but have endured a pay cut. Of course, Mr Bruton’s pay packet insulates him from the hardship experienced by the ordinary working people of Ireland, like myself and others who fall within this category.

A five-year-old could work out the equation: low income = no spending power = job losses = high unemployment = a bad economy.

We need politicians like Mr Nash who understand the basics and who are committed to stimulating the economy rather than putting it to death.

David Bradley

Drogheda, Co Louth

Rural towns need big games too

While both Kerry and Mayo supporters may be unhappy with the Limerick venue for the All-Ireland semi-final replay, Jarlath Burns certainly made some valid observations (Irish Independent, August 27) when he said more of these major games should be played outside Croke Park and at venues around the country which may have the adequate facilities.

Firstly, we should take into consideration that many of our rural towns are suffering in the downturn, with many business closing. As Burns correctly states, there is little sense in playing all our games in Croke Park when it is often not full to capacity.

After all, we regularly hear calls for better promotion of tourism in rural Ireland and certainly the GAA is one association equipped to promote it by spreading games nationwide. Killarney certainly welcomed the All-Ireland hurling final between Kilkenny and Tipperary in 1937.

John Kelly

Killarney, Co Kerry

Replays do happen – it’s sport

John Reid (Irish Independent, Letters, August 27) is wrong on so many counts regarding the Kerry/Mayo All-Ireland semi final replay.

First of all Kerry and Mayo are not to “blame” for the fact that a replay is needed. These are two fantastic football teams who put on a very entertaining and exciting show and in the end, they turned out to be evenly matched on the day.

This is what happens in a lot of sports. Secondly, Mr Reid points to the fact that there were 30,000 empty seats in Croke Park for the match and he goes on to direct his ire towards Kerry and Mayo fans for not travelling.

Perhaps he was elsewhere for the past few weeks and missed the fact that there was a rail stoppage on the day of the match.

Finally, I don’t believe that anybody is “insulting” the Irish-American diaspora with regard to the American football match being held in Croke Park. The suggestion put forward from many quarters was to hold the Kerry/Mayo replay on the weekend following the American football.

I fail to see how it is an “insult” to all those American football fans to hold an All-Ireland semi-final in Croke Park a full week after they have had their day out in the GAA’s largest stadium.

Simon O’Connor

Crumlin, Dublin 12

Aviva for the rematch, anyone?

Given the wonderful co-operation between the GAA and the IRFU during the building of the Aviva Stadium, would the IRFU have been prepared to host the Kerry/Mayo replay? Croker certainly came up trumps for the rugby fraternity. I doubt whether the fellas with the hip flasks and sheep-skin coats would let them down in their hour of need.

Ed Toal

Dublin 4

Salutes at state funerals

Why is it that past Fianna Fail Taoisigh and Presidents are honoured with military salutes at their funerals – Jack Lynch’s funeral being an honourable exception.

As we move away from the culture of the gun here, surely in sacred places such as graveyards the firing of guns is an anomaly and contrary to the Christian message?

Brendan Cafferty

Ballina, Mayo

No statue for John Redmond

I wish to take issue with former Taoiseach John Bruton‘s call for a statue to be erected in honour of John Redmond. Redmond’s chief claim to fame is that during that atrocity we call World War I, in which up to 50,000 Irishmen lost their lives, he made himself the British Empire’s top recruiting sergeant in Ireland, urging his countrymen to join up and risk everything for the sum of “two shillings” a day.

Since the start of this year, our media has paraded numerous relatives of those unfortunate soldiers across its pages and TV screens displaying medals as if those men had taken part in some kind of Olympic Games on the killing fields.

No mention of the rats in the trenches “some as big as cats” from gorging on the dead in the dark of night, or the rain and muck, or the officer behind the men holding a gun in his fist ready to shoot any soldier who refused to go “over the top”. The British Empire of that time was constantly at war somewhere in the world.

Paddy O’Brien

Balbriggan, Co Dublin

Applause for John Major

With reference to your reader’s letter on the absence of unionist/loyalist leaders at Albert Reynolds‘s funeral, (Irish Independent, August 27) I would agree that it was conspicuous.

Thankfully, John Major and Theresa Villiers cancelled out that anomaly with their presence and how right it was for Major to receive the spontaneous applause from the assembled mourners.

Ian Hester

Fourmilehouse, Co Roscommon

Irish Independent


Checkup

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29 August 2014 Checkup

I jog around the park I still have arthritis in my left knee, but I manage to get round the park. A wettish day. I go to the health center for a checkup

I bump in to Mary and she has a fall shes a little worse today, corn for tea and her back pain has flared up!

Obituary:

Dr Jack Dominian – obituary

Dr Jack Dominian was a psychiatrist and Catholic theologian who celebrated loving sex between unmarried and gay partners

Dr Jack Dominian, psychiatrist

Dr Jack Dominian

7:15PM BST 28 Aug 2014

CommentsComments

Dr Jack Dominian, who has died aged 84, was a British psychiatrist and Roman Catholic theologian who championed a rethink on Christian sexual ethics at the same time as he fought to uphold the institution of marriage.

As early as 1977, Dominian had warned against the Catholic Church’s preoccupation with marital chastity at the expense of other factors in a successful marriage. Writing shortly after the Vatican had published its Declaration on Certain Questions Concerning Sexual Ethics decrying the corruption of moral standards brought about by the “unbridled exaltation of sex”, Dominian outlined his own Proposals for a New Sexual Ethic. There he argued that the presence of a genuine love between two people – whether they be married or not – validates sex, making it an activity worthy of celebration. Sexual pleasure, he wrote, must not be trivialised in the eyes of the Church, being one of the “gifts of God to Man which can become the springs of joy, pleasure and loving communication”.

Dominian went on to extend the same argument in defence of the love between same-sex couples. To think of sex solely in terms of procreation, he wrote in New Internationalist in 1986, was to deny its “capacity to give life in a more than biological sense”, its role in strengthening a couple’s sexual identity and their sense of commitment to each other. While Dominian admitted that the teachings of the Bible condemned homosexual practices, he ventured that same-sex marriages would one day be possible, and that couples should receive the support of Church and State.

At that time Dominian was working as a senior consultant at the Central Middlesex Hospital in Acton, where he had been struck by the number of dissolved and unhappy marriages among his patients. Wanting to understand more, in 1971 he founded the Marriage Research Centre (now One Plus One) to conduct research and offer marriage advice.

Under his direction the centre tracked the progress of 65 volunteer couples from their wedding day in 1979 through the first six years of marriage, and then at regular intervals thereafter, in an attempt to identify the factors behind spiralling divorce rates. Using this data, Dominian identified three separate phases to a married relationship: the crucial first five years, during which some 30 to 40 per cent of all divorces take place; the middle decades, during which couples must juggle commitments to immediate family with commitments to work and their ageing parents; and the final decades, when one half of a couple is often left to cope with the death of the other.

Yet Dominian came to feel disillusioned with the ability of counselling to resolve long-standing marital discord, since by the time most couples arrived at One Plus One the issues that had led to their unhappiness were already too deeply entrenched. From the mid-1990s he began to call for an approach that focused on the prevention of relationship breakdown, rather than belated attempts at a cure. In the future, he argued, couples would need to be prepared for marriage, and given tools to develop the “companionate” love that arises from intimate coexistence.

It was a love that had been markedly lacking in Dominian’s early life. He was born Jacob Dominian in Athens on August 25 1929, to a Catholic father and Greek Orthodox mother, and attended the Lycée Léonin, one of the city’s oldest independent schools, before moving with his family to India at the age of 12. His father, elder brother and sister were all distant figures throughout his childhood, and the relationship with his mother was often under strain. “Nowadays, she would have been a business magnate, but in those days she took her frustrations out on me,” he later recalled. “She was a very self-centred person.”

Yet it was from his mother that he inherited his keen sense of ambition, and after National Service he went up to read Medicine at Fitzwilliam College, Cambridge, gaining his Master’s degree from Exeter College, Oxford. He met his future wife, Edith, at a 1955 meeting of the Union of Catholic Students in Worcester, and they married later that year.

Having attended the Maudsley Hospital in London to complete his psychiatric training, Dominian became a consultant physician to the Central Middlesex Hospital in 1965, where he remained for the next two decades. He was appointed MBE in 1994 for his services to marriage counselling.

In all he published more than 30 books, including The Definitive Guide to What Makes a Marriage Work (1995), and One Like Us: A Psychological Interpretation of Jesus (1998), which employed modern psychoanalytic theories to explore Christ’s childhood development.

Applying psychiatry’s diagnostic criteria to himself, Dominian identified his own personality type as neurotic — “but then,” he added cheerfully, “neurotics can be fascinating to live with”.

Dr Jack Dominian’s wife predeceased him in 2005, shortly after the couple had celebrated their golden wedding anniversary. They had four daughters.

Dr Jack Dominian, born August 25 1929, died August 10 2014

Guardian:

Dark clouds over Rotherham: those in positions of authority in the town who failed to act on child s

Fears about race relations have been mentioned as a possible reason why those in charge failed to act to stop the horrific sexual abuse of children in Rotherham (Failures led to sexual abuse of 1,400 children, 27 August).

This may be so but other issues must be considered too. The first is the problems that stem from our first-past-the-post system in local government elections, which, exacerbated by the cabinet system of patronage of the leader, results in never-ending party fiefdoms that breed complacency, cronyism and a blurring of the roles of senior officers and elected members.

Second, there is what the scandal shows about attitudes towards women in our society. In Rotherham, what happened was implicitly seen as the fault of the victims. This echoes the arguments of rapists that it was their victim’s fault because of the way she behaved or dressed or the type of woman she was.

There is much current talk about British values. Decency and fair play are often cited. But until the exploitation of people is no longer acceptable, whoever they are and in whatever circumstances, such values will remain a distant pipe dream.
Jenny Budden
Exmouth, Devon

• The intransigence of Shaun Wright as elected police and crime commissioner highlights one of the serious defects in making these posts directly elected, to which those of us opposed to the reform drew attention at the time (May joins calls for police and crime commissioner to resign, 28 August). Had the elected South Yorkshire police authority continued, its chair could have been removed by a vote of the members of the authority. Even better, if we still had the metropolitan county councils, abolished by the Thatcher government in 1986, the chair of the police committee would have been an appointment of the whole council.

Such collective responsibility is paradoxically more democratic than the direct election of a single chief executive and certainly less dangerous, as the appalling Rotherham example demonstrates.
Michael Meadowcroft
Leeds

• Some say they believed the scale of child sex abuse in Rotherham was exaggerated. A total of 1,400 cases does indeed seem barely credible. Yet even had the true figure been a tenth of this, would not 140 cases have been sufficient to warrant vigorous action? Many who were in positions of authority claim they were not told. At best this indicates that they were unapproachable and uninterested. Given how little use they were in public office, should they not now go?

Some were afraid, but in extreme situations we may require courage of those charged with defending the public. Is fear of being called a racist an adequate excuse for dereliction of duty? This is not an occasion for applying collective blame to one ethnic group. But it is an occasion to blame those who applied collective immunity to one ethnic group and who did so for reasons of electoral advantage.

The police and crime commissioner, Shaun Wright,must not be the only one held responsible. This was not the 1960s, when, we are now told, sex abuse was considered normal. It is in very recent and supposedly enlightened times. We should be seeing prosecutions, resignations, sackings and forfeiture of pension rights. Some of those who can’t be prised out must never see another pay rise or promotion.
John Riseley
Harrogate, North Yorkshire

• While the ethnicity of alleged perpetrators in the child exploitation scandal in Rotherham and other parts of the country may be relevant, there are other factors that should be examined.

During the 1970s I worked in an inner-city social services team in West Yorkshire and over a period of time we came across evidence of the exploitation and attempted exploitation of children and young persons within the care system and known to the local authority. The perpetrators at the time were, almost entirely, white British males predominantly employed in the night-time economy – taxi companies, late-opening take-aways, and clubs and pubs that turned a blind eye to underage drinkers.

In many instances it was the particular work situation of the perpetrators which gave them access to vulnerable youngsters. I suspect that, in Rotherham and elsewhere, this issue has direct relevance to understanding and addressing what has happened.
 David Hinchliffe
Holmfirth, West Yorkshire

• Professor Alexis Jay’s Rotherham inquiry reveals that a 2002 report was “effectively suppressed” by senior police. This raises the total number of cover-ups and obstructions to bringing child-abusers to justice up to at least 40. The Jillings inquiry was all but boycotted by North Wales police. Detectives have been pulled from cases when they were getting close to VIPs. Both the Waterhouse and Kincora inquiries were given restricted remits, and MPs’ concerns were ignored. The list goes on and on.

I am no conspiracy theorist, but for police, Crown Prosecution Service and assorted civil servants to trip over so many times stretches credulity way past the limit.
Dr Richard Lawson
Winscombe, North Somerset

• The Home Office’s 2002 report onchild sexual exploitation in Rotherham – 12 years ago – identified the problem: but what was done to ensure police and council stayed on the case? It seems most councillors were unaware or failed to intervene. What did officers do to keep them fully informed and seek their leadership? The police appear to have failed large numbers of vulnerable victims. Was this due to a culture of laziness or prejudice? Or was it complicity or worse?
Chris Naylor
London

• The stories of abused children in Rotherham are heart-breaking. The perpetrators should not get out of jail. There is a problem, however, with the attention given to the perpetrators’ ethnicity. We do not see such attention when sex offenders are white – especially white celebrities like Jimmy Savile. Coverage of abuse of children by Catholic priests does not tar an entire faith group. The coverage of the Rotherham story by some sections of the media will lead to dangerous stereotyping and prejudice.
Mohammed Samaana
Belfast

• Although it’s (somewhat) reassuring to hear from the Jay report that changes have been introduced over the last four years that mean the Rotherham scandal can’t happen now, justice would be far better served if the cowards who were in positions of authority more than four years ago, who did not do their basic, fundamental duty, were identified and held to account. This report is clear. There is no doubt they were in severe breach. Their reward should not be anonymous retirement on a comfy state pension.
 Kenneth Charman
Wokingham, Berks

• It is quite right to blame the authorities in the Rotherham case for their wilful blindness, and some resignations would certainly be in order.

However, it also seems that too many decades of the nanny state have deprived us of all initiative and responsibility in looking after ourselves. Where were the parents in all this (of victims and perpetrators alike)? Everything from such major horrors down to fixing a pothole in the road is always down to “them”; “they” have to sort it on our behalf.
Nick Wrigley
Boscastle, Cornwall

• On child sexual exploitation, addressing the lack of data-sharing between agencies is less important than you imply (Editorial, 28 August). What really matters is how joint working is organised, as Professor Alexis Jay says in her report on Rotherham. Three of her 15 recommendations relate to the joint child sexual exploitation team.

Data-sharing is not an end in itself, but one requisite for effective joint working. But everybody’s business must not become nobody’s responsibility. As Jay says: “Agencies should commit to introducing a single manager for the multi-agency CSE team. This should be implemented as quickly as possible.”
Dr Alex May
Manchester

Ed Miliband, Francois Hollande, outside Westminster

Ian Birrell’s rant (Look to France for a vision of life under Ed Miliband, 27 August) shows that Tory Central Office is getting really desperate in its attempts to blacken Ed Miliband. It is economically illiterate to compare France with the UK without once mentioning the crucial difference that France is lumbered with the euro and forced to accommodate Merkel’s anti-growth austerity policies without being able to adjust its interest rates or exchange rate. To pretend that French and British economic experience can be linked because of the personalities of Hollande and Miliband is just so much vacuous propaganda.

It would be far more relevant to point out that, even without the eurozone straitjacket, under Osborne’s austerity policies (very similar to Merkel’s), the UK has had to endure five years of falling living standards (expected to continue till at least 2018), a grossly unbalanced and unsustainable recovery (which the lack of business investment shows no confidence in), household indebtedness rising to nearly £2tn and a trade deficit reaching unprecedented levels. Any objective analysis would note that the ostensible aim of austerity was to cut the deficit, yet that is scarcely falling despite the human price being paid by nearly a million persons being made destitute (sanctioned with loss of all benefits) and more than a million reduced to dependence on food banks.

The real issue is whether the British people want five more years like the last five, or a policy of investment, jobs and growth to replace prolonged austerity.
Michael Meacher MP
Labour, Oldham West

• Ian Birrell usually writes quite well-researched items but this was just full of all the old Tory smears without any analysis. Most notable of these errors is the talk of “the legacy of its [Labour’s] spendthrift time in office”. In 2008, before the bank-induced recession, Britain’s borrowing as a proportion of GDP was the lowest of the developed nations except for Spain, far lower than that of Germany. The problem was not government debt but personal and bank debt that was higher than that of all the other developed countries. This was due to the removal of almost all controls on banks initiated by the Thatcher government and pursued by all governments since. It is time to stop repeating the myth that Tories are good with money and Labour are spendthrift. Several times since the war Tory governments have inherited sound economic situations after Labour had put right previous Tory mishandling of the economy.
Michael McLoughlin
Wallington, Surrey

• From the blatant neoliberalism of Ian Birrell you segue to the more subtle and therefore more dangerous dismissal of a serious alternative to that sclerotic ideology (Hollande’s gamble could be exactly what Europe needs, 28 August). Martin Kettle’s language is a giveaway: the “old left” (older than the right?) espousing “the politics of dreamland, a place that far too many on the left in all countries are too comfortable in”. Language like that exposes him as a promoter of Owen Jones’s establishment, “characterised by institutions and ideas that legitimise and protect the concentration of wealth and power in very few hands”, ie the status quo (G2, 27 August). Larry Elliott (the same day) imagines looking back from 2017: “Parties on the extreme left and right were dismissed as irrelevant. But support for them grew. And grew.” Take heed, Birrell and Kettle.
John Airs
Liverpool

Stanlow oil refinery Ellesmere Port Cheshire UK

There are at least four problems with Chris Huhne’s paean to growth (Comment, 25 August). First, he fails to distinguish between relatively and absolutely decoupling energy use and economic growth. Energy intensity per unit of growth is indeed decreasing, but overall final energy consumption in the UK is increasing – from 148.6m tonnes of oil equivalent in 1988 (Huhne’s preferred date benchmark) to 154.8m toe in 2008 (Decc figures).

Second, he conveniently skates over the outsourcing of UK energy use to other countries. According to the US Energy Information Administration, global energy demand will increase from 524 quadrillion British thermal units in 2010 to 820 quadrillion Btu in 2040 – a 30-year increase of 56%.

Third, energy is not the only limit we have to contend with; research by the Stockholm Resilience Centre suggests we have exceeded, or are on course to exceed, safe levels relating to the nitrogen cycle, biodiversity, climate change, ocean acidification, freshwater use, land system change, aerosol loading and chemical pollution.

Fourth, he erroneously equates growth with wellbeing. According to the Office for National Statistics, GDP per person has grown by a factor of 3.5 since 1955, allowing for inflation. Yet economists David Blanchflower and Andrew Oswald write that reported levels of happiness in the UK in the unprecedented years of prosperity from the 70s to the 90s were practically flat. The Green House thinktank will shortly be publishing a major inquiry into post-growth politics. There we conclude that growth is indeed an “enemy of the planet” – and of its people.
Professor Andrew Dobson
Spire, Keele University

• A new form of quantitative easing to fund green activity would strengthen the economy not only of the UK but also of the rest of Europe, were it to be introduced continent-wide. This approach would be preferable to the proposed “helicopter money” solution (Report, 25 August), whereby newly printed money is showered indiscriminately on the majority of EU inhabitants. This would suck in more imports rather than paying for the kind of labour-intensive, green infrastructure programme that could help provide every community in Europe with a sustainable local economy.
Colin Hines
Convenor, Green New Deal Group

Malorie Blackman, children's laureate: subjected to abuse on Twitter. Photograph: Sean Smith

There is a sad connection between Alison Flood’s report on the racist abuse heaped on children’s laureate Malorie Blackman (Racists cannot silence me – children’s laureate, 27 August) and the opening of Little House, Laura Ingalls Wilder’s memoir, quoted in Flood’s report on its publication 80 years on (26 August). Writing beautifully, Wilder nevertheless embeds the colonial myth of empty land: “It was lonesome and so still with the stars shining down on the great, flat land where no one lived.” Yet people had lived there. The young Laura grows up in a white community where “the only good Indian is a dead Indian”.

Sky News’s misrepresentation of Malorie Blackman’s words about the stark lack of diversity in children’s books has a long, painful history. The virulent racist responses to her on Twitter show how deeply that history remains ingrained. What does the “market god” – that now largely rules the children’s book world – have to say?
Beverley Naidoo
Bournemouth

One Man Two Guvnors at the National Theatre in 2011.

The case made by Nick Hardwick, the chief inspector of prisons (Letters, 27 August), for work for detainees is perfectly cogent and would, I suspect, receive near-universal support. The issue that provokes concern is the way G4S and Serco might extract fiscal benefit from the services provided by detainees. It is probable that these firms would have bid for their contracts assuming payment for these services would be made at the minimum wage or higher. I suspect it is fanciful to assume that these paragons of venality would not reap the subsequent bounty but instead pass it up as a windfall from the taxpayer.
Dr Andrew Peacock
Heriot Watt University

• Michael Billington describes a hand movement of the comic Sid Field as the ancestor of a gag in One Man, Two Guvnors (A Book That Changed Me, 28 August). As Freddie Davies’s autobiography, Funny Bones: My Life in Comedy, reveals, however, Field’s mannerisms were borrowed in their turn from Davies’s grandfather Jack Herbert, a comedian to whom Field was straight man in the 1920s. If Field’s influence does indeed live on, perhaps now is the time to give credit to the man who taught him.
Anthony Teague
Co-writer, Funny Bones

• Miriam Taylor (Letters, 28 August) mentions the attraction of Scotland’s summer bank holiday. In fact, most Scottish holidays are regional rather than national, so that we do not suffer traffic jams caused by having the whole country on the road simultaneously.
Alasdair Drysdale
Jedburgh, Roxburghshire

• When I worked in Customs and Excise in Aberdeen in the 1970s I was asked by someone from HQ in London if I could “pop out” to get some information from the Shetland office (Letters, 26 August). And when staff in Shetland had to give the location of their nearest railway station on travel claims, they quite truthfully put Stavanger.
Ian Arnott
Peterborough

• “Does no one say ‘groovy, daddio’ any more?” (Letters, 28 August). Only we hep cats, baby, only we hep cats.
Chris Trotter
Southampton

Independent:

It’s time to stop the nonsense about the excuse in Rotherham being “the fear of being accused of racism”. In the first place, Pakistani girls were also being abused. In the second place, it is racist to apply different and lower standards to a minority ethnic community than the white English community.

It was, then, not about political correctness gone mad or the failures of a multicultural society (Edward Thomas, letter, 28 August). It was about extreme sexism on the part of all those who viewed the girls as prostitutes instead of victims.

Merry Cross

Reading

 

Is there any evidence that the authorities would have acted differently if the perpetrators had been white? It seems that they would have had different conversations to engineer different excuses, but would that have changed their actions?

The race angle is a red herring, designed to distract us from a pervasive victim-blaming culture that runs through all communities, including white ones.

Samantha Chung

Cambridge

 

I do not seek to comment upon the individuals whose neglect allowed the shocking abuse in Rotherham, but to raise the question of how great a part the decades of domination of Rotherham by a single political party played in allowing the scandal to continue for so long.

Under one-party control, too often “Buggins’ turn” operates and more active individuals of that same party are held back or denied the opportunity to serve as councillors. It also engenders a tendency to “not rock the boat”. In contrast, a change of political control can act as a fresh breeze, invigorating both councillors and council employees. The threat of losing a seat can enliven councillors, while council staff are aware of the pressures that a strong opposition can bring. Equally the opposition, spurred on by the prospect of power, are likely to pursue a whiff of scandal – even if only for political gain.

Why were there no whistleblowers in Rotherham? With 1,400 cases of abuse? Surely one person at least ought to have raised and pursued the issue with council officers or councillors. What was (is?) wrong with the political culture in Rotherham that let the abuse continue for so long?

Brian Jones

Leeds

 

Worst result is a close result

I believe there could be a bad public reaction to a very narrow majority in the Scottish vote.

If there is a clear majority either way it will be accepted by all. But it is likely that the majority will be vary narrow one way or the other. In this event, I foresee problems as people become resentful at “losing their birthright” or “being dragged into a foreign country against their will”. Civil disturbances and even “racist” attacks could follow.

Have the civil authorities on either side of the border taken this calamitous possibility into account and made plans to cope with the situation? Or will they just “muddle through” as usual?

Peter Milner

Shrewsbury

 

If England and Scotland were already separate independent countries, would people from either country be clamouring for a union between the two nations? I find it difficult to imagine such a demand arising.

Andrew Davis

Weybridge, Surrey

No one is consulting me about the Scottish referendum, nor the millions like me. We don’t have a vote and yet we care about it very much.

My mother was a proud Scot from the Highlands, and she married an Englishman. I enjoy hybrid vigour. It so happens that I live in England, but I am not English or Scottish.

This is not about who scores the best points in a TV debate. It is about who we are. I don’t want an independent Scotland or an independent England. I am British, and I want to remain a citizen of the United Kingdom, with all the pride that belonging to that union implies.

Elizabeth Morison Proudman

Winchester

 

A question that seems neither to have been asked of nor answered by Alistair Darling, and which may greatly influence voting intentions: if Scotland does vote for independence, would he stand for the new Scottish Parliament or would he find an English, Welsh or Northern Ireland seat and seek to continue his Westminster career?

John Hein

Edinburgh

This is a war between Sunni and Shia

I find it difficult to agree with your editorial of 22 August, in which you conclude that “what we are dealing with is an explicit war against America and the West”.

On the contrary, I see the Islamic State war as an escalation of the ongoing struggle between Sunni and Shia. Atrocities against Christians, Yazidis, and the odd British or American hostage are guaranteed to provoke Western governments into violent reaction, but what is the point of bombing Isis, when Saudi Arabia and other Sunni states in the Middle East appear to condone their activities?

I have not seen any reports of these states condemning the horrors Isis is perpetrating in the name of Sunni “purity”. Perhaps a better solution would be for the West to use diplomatic channels, either direct or through the United Nations, to put pressure on Saudi Arabia to cut off military and financial aid to Isis.

John Read

Saffron Walden, Essex

 

Workers motivated by public spirit

I feel sorry for Ian Jones (letter, 20 August). He seems to live in a world where the only reason to perform better is competition with a rival company.

The most effective driver to improve is self-respect and a desire to do one’s best for others. When I worked at John Lewis in the 1970s, I rarely met members of the public. I moved furniture, prepared deliveries etc. However the ethos of my fellow workers ensured that I always tried to do my best, which also made the job more enjoyable.

As a teacher, I wanted to do better because I was affecting the futures of hundreds of young people, not in order to get better results than others.

Now, in retirement, I work as a volunteer for a charity, putting in many hours a week. We all try to make our project as successful as possible. If other such charities also do well, that is cause for celebration, not an inquest as to how to better them.

Is it not screamingly obvious that people will work much better if they have a stake in the enterprise? Being told that one is a “human resource”, there to maximise profits and grind rivals into the dust, leads to an uninterested workforce that is only there to get paid in order to live.

Rod Auton

Middle Handley, Derbyshire

 

Why hospital parking charges go up

I find it ironic that Jeremy Hunt is calling for a reduction in hospital car parking charges.

The Government is starving NHS trusts of funding and so they are looking to make ends meet by bringing in extra income from other sources. Unfortunately many of these sources are the ones which impact on visitors and staff.

Hunt and this government refused to honour the NHS independent pay review boards’ recommendation that NHS staff be given a  1 per cent pay rise. Instead a limited number of health-care staff are getting a small increase, but one which will be removed in 2016, taking them back down to the same level of wages as they earned in 2013.

Demoralised staff are likely to leave, many opting for agency work. The costs of agency staff are huge in comparison with properly employed NHS workers, so it means the hospital has to look for other ways to bring in vital revenue. Hence a hike in car parking fees.

If the Government would honour the pay award with a consolidated 1 per cent, and pay a living wage for the 35,000 NHS staff who are paid under it, they might find their retention levels improved, they spent less on agency staff and didn’t need to get money in from increasing car parking charges.

Jo Rust

King’s Lynn, Norfolk

 

A poor ‘victory’ for Israel

Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu claims the seven-week conflict in Gaza ended in “victory”. Presumably he is not taking into account the fact that thousands of people around the world will now be looking a lot closer at the country of origin on the products they buy.

Sam Semoff

Liverpool

 

Power vacuum in Brussels

From 1 September, companies will be prohibited from manufacturing or importing any vacuum cleaner with a motor above 1,600 watts. The European Commission is guilty of blowing yet another blast of hot air.

Colin Bower

Nottingham

Times:

Those who turned a blind eye to years of abuse must now face hard questions

Sir, Andrew Norfolk’s piece on the harrowing Rotherham child abuse report (“Officials hid evidence for a decade”, Aug 27) was a salutary lesson in the post-Leveson era.

The excoriating conclusions of Professor Alexis Jay’s study laid bare a grim history of how the council and South Yorkshire police “disbelieved, suppressed or ignored” clear warning signals in 2002, 2003 and 2006.

Mr Norfolk played a key role in exposing the child sex abuse and the apathy and cynical cover-up surrounding it in Rotherham. Shockingly, even when the 2010 murder of Laura Wilson, a teenage victim of grooming, forced a serious case review, the council’s safeguarding children’s board published only a heavily redacted version concealing the ethnicity of those who had groomed Laura Wilson and that they had known about her abuse for several years.

Next Rotherham council threatened a High Court injunction in a bid to gag The Times and then called in South Yorkshire’s disgraced police force, and external lawyers, to identify the source of Andrew Norfolk’s well-informed “leaks”.

As an exercise in self-serving cynicism and an arrogant attempt to pervert the public interest, it rivals another grim chapter involving South Yorkshire police, the Hillsborough disaster scandal.

It is surprising that South Yorkshire’s PCC, Shaun Wright, formerly the council’s cabinet chief for child protection, has not stepped down from his PCC post.

Andrew Norfolk’s dedicated role in helping to uncover this scandal — despite the efforts to silence him — is a sharp riposte to Lord Justice Leveson’s view that “whistleblowers” should complain in-house rather than turn to the press.

Paul Connew

(former editor, The Sunday Mirror)

St Albans

Sir, It has been said that officials who are no longer in post cannot be disciplined for failings in the Rotherham scandal. However, there is a common law offence which may yet see some of them in the dock. The offence concerns a failure to act or a failure to properly perform one’s duty while in public office. Such an offence might extend to employees of a council, social services and the police. The offence is rarely used; there is no time limit on prosecution and, in theory, it could attract life imprisonment. What is required is for the CPS, judge and jury to accept that the lack of action amounted to conduct which, if proved, should be punished by a criminal penalty. It seems to me that the senior decision makers who chose not to act have a case to answer.

John E Bailey

(Former Detective Chief Inspector)

Wakefield

Sir, Having just retired after 25 years with Kent Police, nothing about the Rotherham scandal surprises me. I spent years scraping drunk and drugged youngsters off the streets, and locking them up, because a cell was the safest place for them.

At every level, adults who had to deal with such nasty, violent desperately sad children were always secretly delighted when they disappeared — life was so much easier without them. I include parents who couldn’t wait to wash their hands of their responsibilities and dump them on the state.

Seriously, what did education authorities think would happen to all the disruptive, disadvantaged children they excluded? Many were stopped from going to school at 11, some before that. No one bothered to provide any alternative because, frankly, staff were delighted to see the back of them.

What did councils expect when they allowed private enterprise to run children’s services? I met landlords leasing houses to social services at inflated rents, and then being paid thousands a month to look after a vulnerable child. It was a shame the people doing the caring were poorly paid, poorly trained, if at all, because the child certainly did not benefit from this arrangement. When things went wrong — as they always did — staff were instructed to call the police. Social services were complicit, and happy to leave children in cells for days — they were quite put out when told by an angry custody sergeant that the Police and Criminal Evidence Act codes of practice has something to say about unlawful detention.

And what about the authors of all this misfortune — the parents? They are swanning around carefree, and richer with one less mouth to feed, yet their bad parenting created the aggressive, damaged individuals so desperate for love and care that they self-medicate with drink and drugs and cry when they leave the police station because it is the only place they are warm, clean and safe.

Parents who allow their children to end up in the care of the state must be made to pay. Home owners should have a charge put on their property and those in council accommodation should be moved to smaller properties and pay a levy with their rent.

And the police — well, senior managers were always glad to see a 13-year-old cautioned for throwing a cup at a care worker: violent crime detected, biological data captured, very little paperwork and very low cost. Win-win for all — except for the 13-year-old, whose criminal record, courtesy of social services, would be retained for 100 years. We should all be ashamed of ourselves.

Bev Kenward

Hythe, Kent

Sir, Why are the parents of the abused girls not being blamed for neglect, as well as the social workers and police? Not all the children were in care.

Madeline Macdonald

Knebworth, Herts

Sir, An allegation of sexual abuse some 30 years ago against Sir Cliff Richard results in a search of his home by South Yorkshire police, complete with a helicopter film of their visit courtesy of the BBC. In Rotherham the same police force and council officers appear to have abetted the sexual exploitation of young girls on an industrial scale over 12 years.

The priority must be to help and seek justice for the victims. Second we need an independent review of police and council action and inaction — and real consequences for those people who are shown to have failed in the exercise of their duty. The victims, the community in Rotherham, and the wider public deserve nothing less.

D Yaw

London SW15

It is not marching drill that makes soldiers brave, it is regimental loyalty

Sir, I read your report “Marching in sync ‘boosts bravery’” (Aug 27) with amusement and incredulity. After 37 years in The Parachute Regiment, I can say it was axiomatic that our officers and toms (soldiers) would be “brave” in conflict. My commanding officer, Lieutenant Colonel “H” Jones VC OBE, exemplified this on Darwin Hill on May 28, 1982, with his life.

I am bemused by the scientific proof that we were made “brave” through marching on the drill square. For my part I loathed this complete waste of my time at Sandhurst and much regret that this exercise appears still to dominate all other considerations at the Royal Military Academy. “Marching” never took place in any of our recent conflicts — it was simply part of the job in front of local dignitaries afterwards.

I wonder why such investigations do not seek the opinions of those of us who have been on operations in Northern Ireland, the Falklands, Iraq and Afghanistan. We never needed “marching” to foster “togetherness” — it was a consequence of intense regimental loyalty.

David Benest

(Colonel ret’d)

Pewsey, Wilts

Phasing out the car windscreen tax disc could pose problems for Britons driving overseas

Sir, You report that car windscreen tax discs are to be phased out (Aug 26). No thought seems to have been given to those of us who drive in continental Europe. I cannot imagine a French gendarme contacting his office to get them to contact the DVLA to ascertain the tax status of the vehicle — he is more likely to arrest the driver or make an on-the-spot fine. Would the DVLA indemnify the motorist?

There must be a printable receipt for the tax, which one may fix to the windscreen . . . like a tax disc.

Dr JD Baines

Penpillick, Cornwall

Sir, The police and other agencies may be able to check the tax status of a vehicle, but how can a third-party driver check that the vehicle they are about to drive is taxed? Having to inquire online is impractical if one is hiring or test-driving a vehicle or if one’s boss instructs one to drive a particular vehicle — we don’t always have a computer handy or mobile reception. I can see many innocent individuals being caught out by this. To drive without tax is a road traffic offence that also invalidates the vehicle’s insurance.

Ian Spencer

Cherry Burton, East Riding

A former head of the Muslim Council of Britain asserts his opposition to Islamic extremists

Sir, You attack me for my role in the campaign against the Satanic Verses in the 1980s (leader, Aug 26). I reject any notion that I led “an inflammatory and threatening campaign” against the author of that book. The campaign was for the withdrawal of the profane book that had hurt millions of followers of a faith who had little recourse to defend themselves. It was conducted in a civil manner, despite worldwide outrage and the fatwa of the late Ayatollah.

I yield to no one in my opposition to extremism. I have been physically attacked by the very real extremists whom you mention. It is most unfortunate that you now cast me in the same light as these extremists.

Sir Iqbal Sacranie

New Malden, Surrey

The language of signs conveys messages above and beyond the call of duty, sometimes …

Sir, I was being shown around the maternity unit of a hospital in Ontario and when I came to the labour ward the sign on its doors read “Push! Push!”

Dr Owen Gallagher

Glenavy, Co Antrim

Sir, Some years ago I delivered babies at a maternity home whose delivery ward was on the second floor. Patients well on in labour were carried up to it in a lift. As they entered the lift they could read a big sign above it with a reminder of a famous song: “You should have danced all night”.

Dr Michael Bott

Kirkella, E Yorks

Telegraph:

A still from a recruitment video, which features several Britons, calling for jihadists in Iraq and Syria

6:58AM BST 28 Aug 2014

CommentsComments

SIR – In order to curb the rising anti-Western frenzy among radicalised young Muslims living in Britain, we must impose a blanket embargo on all media imagery depicting fanatics with their weaponry and victims, as this only feeds their egos and risks glamorising the cause to other extremists.

Moreover, the Government urgently needs to seek emergency powers to revoke the British citizenship of and immediately deport anyone guilty of anti-British or terrorist actions here or abroad.

Lance Warrington
Northleach, Gloucestershire

SIR – The Americans never seem to learn that they cannot destroy an insurgency by bombing. Their Vietnam war proved that.

R S Hoe
King’s Lynn, Norfolk

SIR – David Blair (Comment, August 25) and the Foreign Secretary (report, August 22) are wrong in their assessment of Bashar al-Assad and his regime.

As he is the most ecumenical and popular of the Arab dictators, we will have to come to an accommodation with him, no matter how uncomfortable it might be.

Michael Heaton
Warminster, Wiltshire

Ticked off tourists

SIR – I am a great admirer of what Boris Johnson has done for London, but he should have been at Tower Hill Tube station last week to see the effect of ticket office closures.

I and thousands of others, mostly disgruntled tourists, had been to see the poppies at the Tower of London. With both ticket windows at Tower Hill closed, there was chaos.

As tourism contributes billions of pounds to our economy each year, surely it makes financial sense to have at least one human being available to resolve ticketing and travel problems.

Chris Platford
Malmesbury, Wiltshire

Waste of water

SIR – The online ALS ice bucket challenge to raise money for motor neurone disease (report, August 26), and similar campaigns, may support worthwhile causes, but they are also a form of bullying. People either want to donate or they don’t; they shouldn’t be harassed into doing it.

Sheila Corbishley
Fenham, Northumberland

How to help families

SIR – The Government has decided that struggling families need to be helped (report, August 19). The Prime Minister suggested that counselling and services providing advice on how to cope would help families stay together.

The Home Start charity has been providing exactly this type of practical support for many years. Home Start volunteers (remember the Big Society?) visit families every week.

Yet, the Loughton branch of Home Start has had to close this week because of budget cuts. If this charity received the support it needed, it would continue to make a great difference to distressed parents with young children.

David Conway
Theydon Bois, Essex

Better together

SIR – I am the former chief executive of a UK-wide conservation charity, the Scottish division of which decided in the early Eighties that it would do better as an independent Scottish charity.

The honeymoon lasted for a few years, but once the Scottish charity’s ability to raise funds locally was exhausted, the cost of duplicated resources reduced its effectiveness and financial stability, so that it was no longer sustainable. It has since reamalgamated as part of the UK-wide organisation.

Robert Morley
Frilsham, Berkshire

SIR – While refitting at Rosyth dockyard in 1959, HMS Gambia assumed the title of “Scotland’s own cruiser”. The attempt to man the ship with an all-Scottish crew never succeeded, but the image was maintained during the subsequent time at sea, when entering and leaving harbour was marked by a piper playing from the top of the forward gun turret.

The ship was fortunate to have one member of the company who could play the pipes – an Englishman.

Mike Jackson
Portsmouth

Departure tax

SIR – Your report (“Families pay £1.9bn to fly abroad”, August 22), and the letter from Messrs Herring and Isaby, remind us that Britain’s Air Passenger Duty, or “departure tax”, is the highest in the world.

At the same time, air travellers are often subject to unacceptable delays when returning to our shores.

Is it not possible to devise some simple – preferably computer-free – system by which sufferers from such delays could reclaim part or all of their departure tax, depending on how long it took them to clear passport control?

John Carter
Shortlands, Kent

Across the board

SIR – May I, on behalf of the four Messrs A Cross in the Manchester telephone directory (and many more across Britain) reassure Julian Down (Letters, August 26) that he is not alone in his daily appearance in The Daily Telegraph crossword.

Dr A W Taylor
Oldham, Lancashire

Scaling Kate’s Heights

SIR – After seeing Kate Bush’s photograph on the front of every national daily yesterday morning, and watching Newsnight’s fawning, uncritical review of her first night, may I suggest Ed Miliband’s PR people speak to her PR people.

The incredible case of the misuse of language

Jonathan L Kelly
Yatton, Somerset

SIR – With respect to Ian Thomas (Letters, August 27), I think the most over-used word in the English language is not extraordinary but incredible – nearly always used in relation to something known to have occurred.

John Blakey
Heaton Moor, Lancashire

SIR – Lessons have been learnt appears to have taken on the meaning of sorry. Both acknowledge fault or shortcoming in the past but only sorry expresses real regret.

John Mash
Cobham, Surrey

SIR – What has happened to me? The word is hardly used today – it’s always myself. Perhaps people think it sounds posher.

Richard A Cook
Southampton

SIR – I used to enjoy it when they broadcasted programmes on the telly. Nowadays, they just seem to air content.

Roger Dowling
Lymm, Cheshire

SIR – The most over-used and ugly word in today’s parlance is amazing. In the past 10 days, in a variety of television programmes, I have counted 81 instances.

Robin Nonhebel
Swanage, Dorset

SIR – My previous word processor would sometimes display: “It looks like you are writing a letter”, which used to jar terribly. Now this usage of like is almost universal, both orally and in writing.

David Vaudrey
Doynton, Gloucestershire

SIR – The word cheerio is not in decline at Home Park football ground. Plymouth Argyle supporters at the Devonport end sing “Cheerio, cheerio, cheerio” lustily to the tune of Three Cheers for the Red, White and Blue when one of the opposition gets a red card.

Kit Carson
Budleigh Salterton, Devon

Peace and quiet: not all gym members want a pumping soundtrack while pumping iron Photo: Getty Images

6:59AM BST 28 Aug 2014

CommentsComments

SIR – James Barr’s point about obtrusive noise in cinemas (Letters, August 6) also applies to private gyms.

I am committed to staying fit, but I also suffer from tinnitus. Even industrial ear protectors could not block out the audio system in the gym I attended for 20 years.

I was told that reducing the volume would be inconsiderate to users who needed a disco atmosphere for motivation.

Perhaps the company will face compensation claims in the future from staff members who are exposed to levels of noise that the local department of health and safety might well deem unacceptable working conditions.

Bel Roberts
Caerphilly, Glamorgan

Rotherham: more than 1,400 children were sexually abused over a 16-year period by gangs of paedophiles Photo: Alamy

7:00AM BST 28 Aug 2014

CommentsComments

SIR – I listened to the Radio 4 interview with some hapless Rotherham councillor yesterday morning and felt a mixture of disgust at the scandal and anger with the BBC as the interviewer bayed for the councillor’s head.

It is the council staff and police involved who should all be summarily sacked. But following the Sharon Shoesmith fiasco, nobody will lose their job unless they go voluntarily.

Until public sector staff can be fired for incompetence, vindictive people will make a councillor with no authority the whipping boy. For a refreshing change, try punishing the guilty.

Richard Billington
Gomshall, Surrey

SIR – What sort of world is it where a police force can work in concert with the BBC to inform the public on national television that they may potentially be charging a famous person prior to telling him, while at the same time turning a blind eye to hundreds of rapes and other abuses committed over a decade because they are scared of being regarded as racist?

Neil Mitchenal
London SW1

SIR – Both the tragic situation in Rotherham and Emma Barnett’s article on sex education reveal the dangers our children face from sexual predators and the internet.

In this context, it is most important to underline the role of parents and of other responsible adults, such as teachers, in knowing the whereabouts of children in their charge and what they are getting up to. Sex education must take place in schools in close consultation with parents; we must get out of the habit of usurping the rightful role of parents in bringing up their children.

I cannot, however, agree with Ms Barnett’s call to emphasise the recreational side of sex and “safe” sex. It is precisely this that has landed us in the parlous situation we now face. It is not just, as she says, that children should be taught that sex should take place “ideally inside the confines of a loving relationship” but that sex is the physical expression of love and commitment. Without these, it is neither safe nor really enjoyable.

Bishop Michael Nazir-Ali
London W1

SIR – To describe the perpetrators of these disgusting crimes as “Asian” is a bit sweeping. It is also true that the Holocaust was perpetrated by “Europeans”, which would include you and me. Billions of Asians are condemned when you funk the obvious truth that almost all of these outrages were committed by Pakistanis.

Antony Stanley Clark
Mosterton, Dorset

SIR – What price the Macpherson report?

Peter Morle
Southwick, West Sussex

Irish Times:

Sir, – I have been following the correspondence on these pages and have been keeping track of anti-abortion comment in print, on radio and television on our latest national disgrace.

The word I keep seeing come up is “care”. I would like to know what exactly these people mean by “care”?

What kind of care do these people think should have been given to the young woman in the remaining 14 weeks of her pregnancy?

The only “care” I can think of that would result in a favourable outcome in the eyes of these people is forcibly restraining and force-feeding this woman to term. Or perhaps they mean exclusively psychiatric care?

Some people seem to believe that psychiatrists have the supernatural power to change women’s minds about such an important and private question as whether or not they wish to give birth. A few encouraging words and a pat on the back and, hey presto, they’ll see the error of their ways. And yet these same people came out of the woodwork during the debate last year to tell us that psychiatrists cannot adequately assess suicide risk, something they are trained to do and do so every week.

It seems what psychiatrists can or cannot do depends on what will serve the anti-abortion line of argument.

We need to challenge these euphemistic misnomers, fudges and hollow catchphrases at every turn. Yes, they are couched in a language of care and compassion, but strip that phoney veneer from them and they merely serve to justify the infantilisation, brutalisation and humiliation of women.

I certainly hope I never end up in their “care”. – Yours, etc,

AINE MALONE,

Lally Road,

Ballyfermot,

Dublin 10.

Sir, – Fintan O’Toole lists the 14 bodies that established the Pro-Life Amendment Campaign in January 1981 (“Why Ireland never faced up to the issue of abortion”, Opinion & Analysis, August 26th). He labels 10 of them as “sectarian” on the basis that they were “explicitly and exclusively Catholic”. By this definition to be a member of any body which is explicitly Catholic is to be “sectarian”! My local parish is explicitly and exclusively Catholic. Does this make me “sectarian” in the eyes of your illustrious columnist? – Yours, etc,

PADDY BARRY,

Brackenbush Road,

Killiney,

Co Dublin.

Sir, – It is disappointing to see some of the vitriol directed at Fintan O’Toole for daring to speak his opinion and point out some inconvenient facts. I was just into voting age when the 1983 amendment went to the ballot box. Even then, in my youthful inexperience, I remember thinking what a peculiar beast Irish politics was, as we had just had three national elections in less than two years. I remember the venom on the streets with tales of campaigners being spat on for just daring to encourage a No vote.

I asked my father about the reason behind such a referendum when abortion was already illegal. He explained to me, with some irony, that it wasn’t illegal enough and some people wanted to ensure, no matter what the majority wanted in the future, that no government could ever make it legal even if it tried.

Given recent events in 2014, it seems that his words are as true now as they were back in the political mess that was 1983. – Yours, etc,

ANDREW DOYLE,

Lislevane,

Bandon, Co Cork.

Sir, – Brendan Ó Cathaoir contends (“Civil War left in its wake a less caring society”, Opinion & Analysis, August 27th) that mother and baby homes were “symptoms of a traumatised society” after the Civil War.

If this is the case, how does he explain the fact that mother and baby homes first appeared in England in 1891 under the guidance of the Salvation Army in London?

I would certainly agree that the Civil War was a traumatic event in Irish history but I doubt very much that it had any significant impact on social policy in Britain.

Attitudes to children born outside marriage and their mothers were much the same in the UK, US and Ireland during the latter half of the 19th century and the first half of the 20th century.

Poverty may well have made their treatment worse here in Ireland, but Ireland was hardly unique in providing a cold welcome to children born outside of wedlock during the period in question. – Yours, etc,

SEAMUS MULCONRY,

Ballinatone,

Greenane,

Co Wicklow.

Sir, – Brendan Ó Cathaoir is certainly right to identify the Civil War as contributing to a national trauma that affected generations of Irish men and women, and the church as having a particularly devastating impact on some of the most vulnerable and marginalised within Irish society.

The Treaty split and Civil War that soon followed it were indeed devastating, and resulted in many of the institutional and interpersonal loyalties that had been formed and reinforced in the preceding years being shattered or realigned, not always to the benefit of all Irish citizens, as Dr Ó Cathaoir identifies.

But it is important to recognise that republicanism was not the sole doctrine of the Irish people, and that a variety of traumas – some imposed by separatist nationalists – were playing out in different ways in Ireland at the time.

The isolation felt by many Irish civil servants is worth noting, as are the experiences of Irish veterans of the first World War who, in a different way, struggled to find their place in the new State.

Overall, I am thankful to have read the article and the online comments that ensued.

Trauma in Ireland is an unfortunately fruitful, if under-examined, theme in Irish history. – Yours, etc,

Prof JUSTIN

DOLAN STOVER, PhD

Idaho State University,

Yale Street,

Pocatello,

Idaho.

A chara, – Agreeing to fly the “gay flag” from a Garda station sets a nightmare precedent. Now every cult, group or association will rightly demand that their own particular flag or emblem should receive the same support and be flown from Garda stations all over Ireland.

An Garda Síochána, like every other State service, must serve Irish citizens of every colour, creed and sexual persuasion without fear or favour. Granting special status to any one group because of its sexuality is entirely discriminatory and anti-democratic. If any flag needs to be flown from any State building, it should be our national flag, the Tricolour.

Some may think they’ve gained a big victory with this issue but paradoxically they’ve attacked the very thing they yearn for – equality. – Is mise,

PATRICK COONEY,

Shantalla Drive,

Beaumont,

Dublin 9.

Sir, – I agree with John Barnewell (August 28th) at his concern at the rainbow flag of gay pride being unfurled at a Limerick Garda station. In my view this exercise, although well intentioned, is seriously misguided.

The consensual nature of policing in the Republic is determined by those citizens in the village square who look to the Garda as custodians of the public peace, who go about their business in a professional manner, influenced by nothing but the desire to protect the well being of the populace.

This perception by society could well be fractured if it sees the agents of law and order supporting a specific interest group, however honourable. – Yours, etc,

FRANK GREANEY,

Lonsdale Road,

Formby, Liverpool.

Sir, – The editorial “Mismanaging expectations” (August 27th) claims that “the cut in public sector pay in 2009, via the public service pension levy, was offset for many by continued payment of increments”.

The reference to “the cut” strongly implies that it was the only reduction; in fact there have been four pay cuts since 2009.

These were: the pension levy referred to as “the cut”; a pay cut across all grades, even the lowest paid, in 2010; an explicit pay cut for those earning above €65,000 in 2013; a cut in the hourly rate for all grades, again in 2013, by increasing working hours with no compensation. That this is a pay cut is clearly proven by a corresponding fall in overtime rates.

The reference to increments offsetting pay cuts “for many” needs to be backed up by figures. What percentage of public sector workers were in receipt of increments over this period?

The editorial goes on to complain that the “the remarkable pension benefit for retirees – the pay parity link . . . has been retained”.

This link has not been retained for new civil servants. They join a new pension scheme whose payments will be based on career average earnings, not final salary, and where pension increases will be linked to consumer price index (CPI) changes.

Furthermore pay parity for existing pensioners has been used only to implement pension cuts since 2010 (the first for all pensions over €12,000, the second on pensions over €32,500), and the Government has publicly made clear its intention to link existing pensions to the CPI, as well and eliminate pay parity for all public sector pensioners. – Yours, etc,

DONAL McGRATH,

Heathervue,

Greystones,

Co Wicklow.

Sir, – I have not often in recent years so heartily applauded The Irish Times. However your editorial “Mismanaging expectations” travels very much in the right direction for me and I am sure many others.

The deplorable bidding by politicians for our votes is deeply symptomatic of a dysfunctional political class that treats us like children asking for more. We need vision and ideas.

Why do we not, for example, look at domestic Irish employers and ask in a serious way, “How can we help you to create and save jobs and stay in Ireland?”

Every serious Irish success, like it or not, is being driven by tax breaks from our corporation tax rate, to capital gains tax breaks given to most property investors, including owner-occupiers.

But, curiously, our own entrepreneurial and SME job-creating class has been systematically hammered by ever heavier taxation and regulation and a nearly indiscriminate blitz of onerous new measures.

Luckily for us, we are being saved from disaster by our multinational “friends”. But how long will they remain “friends” is an issue for many.

Just ask Barack Obama. – Yours, etc,

BRIAN KELLY,

The Hill,

Monkstown,

Co Dublin.

Sir, – John Mulligan (August 23rd) claims that “the banks of the Barrow are about 10 metres wide, sometimes wider, and providing a narrow, grit-surfaced two metre-wide strip on one bank will still leave lots of room for people who prefer to walk on grass”.

The bank of the Barrow on which the towpath runs is not 10 metres wide. It is about four to five metres wide before one is either falling into a drain on one side, or the river on the other. When you allow for the verges full of wild flowers and grasses on either side of the path, you are left with two to three metres of walking and cycling space. Contrary to what your correspondent claims, there will not be lots of room for people who want to walk on grass if a two metre unbound hard surface strip is put down.

More important, the present grassy sod surface is beautiful and the proposed gritty surface is ugly. The existing grassy towpath is shared by walkers, joggers, cyclists and anglers alike. It is unique, a long-distance grassy path, and should be marketed as the glorious wild way that it is.

In an earlier letter (August 21st), Mr Mulligan referred to the towpath as “derelict”. I have spent most of this lovely summer walking and picnicking on the towpath. Waterways Ireland keep it well. I have yet to find the dereliction he speaks of. – Yours, etc,

OLIVIA O’LEARY,

Chairwoman,

Save the Barrow Line,

St Mullins Road,

Tinnehinch,

Co Carlow.

Sir, – The Road Safety Authority has noted the doubling of child road fatalities (“Warning over road safety as children return to school”, August 28th). They include a long list of actions to protect young pedestrians and cyclists. So far, so good.

Sadly, not a single one of these recommendation is addressed at drivers. The clear implication is that child pedestrians and cyclists and their parents are solely responsible for road safety. The chief executive even suggests that children should get “streetwise”.

This message follows the theme of previous Irish road safety campaigns, warning the public that walking and cycling are inherently dangerous and that anyone engaging in such risky activity should dress up like a Christmas tree. The result is to frighten people back into cars. Because inactivity is a greater threat to public health than sudden accident, this approach is harmful.

Would it be too much to ask the RSA to run a campaign reminding drivers to look out for those few schoolchildren who walk or cycle and to perhaps join them by getting out of their cars once in a while? – Yours, etc,

Cllr OSSIAN SMYTH,

Montpelier Place,

Monkstown, Co Dublin.

Sir, – Barra Ó Seaghdha (August 28th) has a point when he says that Home Rule, as passed 100 years ago, was a “scheme of provincial autonomy” within the United Kingdom. As viewed by its opponents at the time, however, it was of much more significance.

Nearly half a million unionists signed a covenant to “use all means necessary” to stop it being implemented. Unionists threatened to set up a “provisional” government in Belfast if a parliament was set up in Dublin with even very limited powers of administration for the whole island.

Andrew Bonar Law, leader of the Conservative opposition, and some of his parliamentary colleagues went so far as committing treason by expressly backing threats of civil war against home rule.

Whether it was, as Redmond described it, a “final settlement”, its opponents did not see it as such.

Whatever its historical significance, the reality is that whether the passage of the Home Rule Act should be denigrated, remembered, analysed, commemorated or celebrated at the present time is very much down to present political viewpoints. – Yours, etc,

ANTHONY LEAVY,

Shielmartin Drive,

Sutton, Dublin 13.

Sir, – Patsy McGarry (“Belgium gave Irish men reason to enlist and fight”, Rite & Reason, August 26th) argues that it was “morally right” to defend Belgium’s neutrality in the first World War.

At that time the global economy was controlled by the European powers whose economies were served by colonies (ie the rest of the world).

Belgium itself was also part of this system with the rule of Leopold II, killing millions in the Congo.

Britain and Germany dominated global trade, and Germany was challenging the existing hierarchy of this European colonial system.

The European powers fought to preserve their vast overseas empires and indeed the system of empires itself. In this context it is difficult to see how any of the European powers engaging in the first World War could have been “morally right” to do so.

This system survived the first World War. Its end came about in Newfoundland in August 1941 when Roosevelt told Churchill that America would not support its continuation after the second World War.

The 1941 Atlantic Charter set the Allies’ objectives for the postwar world, which led to the postwar independence of European colonies, the move towards free trade and the current global economic system. – Yours, etc,

DAVID GEARY,

Cap Estate,

St Lucia.

Sir, – Further to Sarah Waldron’s “Trainers are the new work uniform” (August 27th), while the wearing of designer trainers in certain creative work environments may now be virtually de rigueur, I don’t think Patricia O’Riordan’s suggestion (August 28th) of banning men’s ties from the office would be a runner. – Yours, etc,

PAUL DELANEY,

Beacon Hill,

Dalkey, Co Dublin.

Sir, – Is Patricia O’Riordan telling tie-lovers to get knotted? – Yours, etc,

TOM GILSENAN,

Elm Mount,

Beaumont,

Dublin 9.

Sir, – Two teams may moan, and journalists may find a reason to write articles about the venue, but Limerick will greet you all, so just get on with it.

Limerick has been hosting national and international sporting events for decades, so you’re all welcome. Just enjoy the game and the weekend in the Riverside City, the sporting capital of the country. – Yours, etc,

GERRY GLYNN,

Drombanna,

Co Limerick.

Irish Independent:

The reconstruction of Gaza is a priority for the international community. Education is central to reconstruction. Irish third-level institutions can make an important contribution to this process.

May I commend to each of them, and to the Education Minister, the setting up of Gaza scholarships?

These scholarships, especially in the fields of medicine and nursing, horticulture and engineering, would make an important contribution to the rebuilding of Gaza’s infrastructure where it matters most, by investing in young people.

By taking the lead within the EU in establishing these scholarships, Ireland would serve as an example, encouraging other countries to follow.

The initiative has the capacity to make an important contribution to the reconstruction of Gaza. For Ireland, the funding requirement would be minimal. Nor would it be complicated. The initiative simply needs to be supported by the president of each institution and taken to the governing body, ideally with the expressed endorsement of the minister working with the authorities in Gaza.

By taking a collective initiative, coordinated by the HEA with the Association of University Presidents, the impact of the initiative, and its visibility across the EU, would be maximised.

What changes lives, changes economies. The Gaza scholarships would do both.

Professor Ray Kinsella

Ashford , Co Wicklow

Changing the Garda culture

Tom Brady reports (Irish Independent, August 28) that a new training strategy for 100 recruits to An Garda Siochana is intended to purge the force of a culture of groupthink.

The term ‘groupthink’ was created in the 1970s by Iriving Janis, a Yale university professor, who concluded that it occurs when groups make faulty decisions because group pressure leads to a deterioration of “mental efficiency, reality testing and moral judgment”.

Groupthink, for example, was deployed for centuries by the immensely wealthy Protestant Ascendancy to reinforce claims to social superiority over the impoverished Catholic majority population as the Ascendancy squatted on large tracts of confiscated, rich arable land and Catholic rents paid to them accounted for 25pcof Ireland’s modest GDP.

But new Garda recruits will be more influenced in practice by what they discern throughout An Garda Siochana and the example of the senior Garda leadership than what they learn in the classroom in Templemore, a facility that has been mothballed for five years.

Should the flying of a rainbow flag over a garda station in Limerick, coinciding with a gay pride parade, be construed as a product of groupthink, faddism or a genuine expression of parity? Surely the ultimate expression of esteem in a republic, by a strong and confident national police service, would be to fly the national flag in pristine condition over Garda premises on special occasions.

Such a gesture would remove An Garda Siochana from allegations of partisanship, or an expectation to lend their prestige and reputation to a myriad of lobby groups and political activists when these are in celebration or campaign mode.

The starting point for fundamental culture change is strong leadership with acute vision. The route to real transformation will not be shortened by empty gestures.

Myles Duffy

Glenageary, Co Dublin

Medics treated Dad as their own

Three months ago, my 64-year-old father was diagnosed with cancer. On Sunday, August 17, my father left this world after a courageous battle against a raging cancer throughout his body. My dad suffered night and day all the way through.

I’m writing to you with a broken heart, but in a world in which we hear stories of how our health service has failed so many, I wanted to praise the amazing workers of Tullamore Regional Hospital – Dr Kyran Bolger and his team, Margaret Claffey and all the amazing nurses of Tullamore’s Oncology Unit and so many others. Dad was sick for 12 weeks and we spent 10 of those weeks living in the hospital.

The hospital became our home and it was the warmth and love shown to our dad over the hardest weeks of our lives that leaves our broken hearts warmer than they should be. Dad suffered so much in those 12 weeks, but the one thing we as a family have tried to focus on is the love, passion and care the Oncology Unit gave Dad. He had never been to a doctor or left his farm in 64 years, but from the day we walked into that hospital until the day we walked out without him, the staff treated him like their own father, and for that we could never repay these wonderful people.

The Coghlan family

Broadford, Co Kildare

Haughey’s good works

If Paddy O’Brien (Letters, Irish Independent, August 28) had any true appreciation of CJ Haughey’s time in politics, he would see that he too “did the State some service”.

However, many of his welcome political directives in the area of welfare and care of older folk are now being rowed back on, which leads citizens to lament the destruction of his good work.

Robert Sullivan

Bantry, Co Cork

Ashes to ashes

Recent suggestions about the possibility of another ash cloud is perhaps a case of an ash arís ?

Tom Gilsenan

Beaumont, Dublin 9

Ice Bucket clips a linguist’s dream

Regarding the current ‘Ice Bucket Challenge’ phenomenon, when you think about it, at no other time in history have so many Irish people been simultaneously recorded saying pretty much the same thing – it’s a future linguistics scholar’s dream!

If all the existing Irish Ice Bucket recordings were to be voluntarily uploaded to a database, complete with details of the place of origin of the individual involved, it would be a unique snapshot of Irish accents (of most age groups) at a particular point in time.

Now there’s a project just waiting to happen! When will so many Irish people ever record themselves in such a short space of time again?

Professor Salvador Ryan

St Patrick’s College

Maynooth, Co Kildare

E-cigarette policy is all hot air

As a seasoned smoker whose lung capacity has greatly improved thanks to e-cigarettes, I am disappointed that the WHO now wants proof of a negative (that they do not harm).

We already know inhalation of sulphurous and other gases is bad for us. To ensure coherence of policy, will it now regulate flatulence to avoid passive inhalation? It could start by prohibiting entry to public places within four hours of eating boiled eggs.

John F Jordan

Brussels, Belgium

Fishing failures and the Famine

My wife and I were touring the west of Ireland last week and stopped at the museum in Ballyferriter, near Dingle, Co Kerry.

It was a very beautiful museum with many wonderful items on display concerning the history of the area and the Irish Famine. However it was two short words – “fishing failed” – that made me curious. How could it be that these two words seemed to be given as the reason for the awful famine in the west of Ireland? Surely fishing could not have failed all around the coasts of Ireland?

Tommy Shields

Banbridge, Co Down

Irish Independent


Lost book

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30 August 2014 Lost book

I jog around the park I still have arthritis in my left knee, but I manage to get round the park. A wettish day. I find a ‘lost’ book

I bump in to Mary and she has a fall shes a little worse today, duck leg for tea and her back pain has flared up!

Obituary:

Bill Kerr – obituary

Bill Kerr was a distinguished Australian character actor who made his name on radio in Hancock’s Half Hour

Bill Kerr (l) and Sid James (r) recording BBC Radio's Hancock's Half Hour in 1954

Bill Kerr (l) and Sid James (r) recording BBC Radio’s Hancock’s Half Hour in 1954  Photo: S&G AND BARRATTS GENERAL

7:21PM BST 29 Aug 2014

CommentsComments

Bill Kerr, who has died aged 92, was an Australian actor who made his name on the radio in Britain in the 1950s, becoming particularly well-known for his role (alongside Sid James and Hattie Jacques) as one of Tony Hancock’s three cronies in Hancock’s Half Hour.

But Kerr was also a character actor of distinction, giving memorable performances as a racketeer in My Death is a Mockery (1952); as the bomber pilot Micky Martin in The Dam Busters (1955); and as a mentally disturbed crook in Port of Escape (1956), co-starring Googie Withers and Joan Hickson. His other films of this period included Appointment in London (1952), You Know What Sailors Are (1954) and The Night My Number Came Up (1955).

Bill Kerr, Tony Hancock and Sid James during rehearsals for Hancock’s Half Hour in 1956

After more than two decades in Britain, in 1979 Kerr returned to Australia, where he had been brought up from early childhood, settling in Perth. The British entertainment industry’s loss was Australia’s gain, as Kerr continued to forge a successful career on both stage and screen.

William Henry Kerr was born in Cape Town on June 10 1922. Both his parents were in showbusiness and they took him on stage when he was still in infancy. “My mother took about 10 weeks off to have me, and when she returned to the stage the producers said rather than bother with a doll for the baby, why didn’t she use me,” Kerr said in 1995. “So you could say my stage career began when I was only a few weeks old.”

By the time the family moved from South Africa to Australia, Bill was old enough to go on tour playing child parts such as Little Willie in a production of East Lynne. By the age of eight he had started in variety. He appeared in his first film, a short called Harmony Row (in which he was credited as Billy Kerr), in 1933, and from the age of 16 he was taking part in children’s broadcasts from the Australian National and commercial radio networks.

Having served with the Australian Army in the Second World War, Kerr arrived in Britain by ship in 1947, immediately securing roles on radio programmes in which he was billed as “the stand-up comedian from Wagga Wagga”. After a spell performing at the Camberwell Palace, he toured the Moss and Stoll theatres.

Kerr was one of a host of repertory stars in Variety Bandbox, playing alongside names such as Frankie Howerd and Reg Dixon on “steam radio”. His droll, lugubrious character had the catchphrase “I’ve only got four minutes”, and after the laughter this generated had subsided he would come back with a riposte such as: “I don’t want to worry you, but you people in the balcony — those pillars don’t look too safe.” For audiences of the late Forties, this counted as black humour.

His first British film was a programme-filler called Penny Points to Paradise (1951), which also featured Peter Sellers, Alfred Marks, Spike Milligan and Harry Secombe.

During this early period of his career Kerr was also active on the stage, in productions such as Pommie; The Bed Sitting Room (alongside Spike Milligan) at the Mermaid; and Son of Oblomov at the Comedy.

In 1954 he joined Hancock’s Half Hour, which ran on the radio for six series and later moved on to television. As Hancock’s Australian lodger at the dilapidated 23 Railway Cuttings, East Cheam, Kerr appeared as the gormless, slow-on-the-uptake butt of his landlord’s humour. The role made Kerr a household name in Britain, and he later resumed his partnership with Sid James in the first series of the television comedy Citizen James (1960).

Kerr’s other television appearances in Britain included one of the Doctor Who stories, “The Enemy of the World” (1968), alongside Patrick Troughton; and the BBC soap opera Compact, created by the same team that went on to devise Crossroads.

On the big screen, he had parts in The Wrong Arm of the Law (1963), A Funny Thing Happened on the Way to the Forum (1966), and in two of the “Doctor” films, Doctor in Distress (1963) and Doctor in Clover (1966).

For much of the 1970s, Kerr concentrated on theatre. He appeared in Cole at the Mermaid; The Good Old Bad Old Days, co-starring with Anthony Newley at the Prince of Wales; and in Lord Arthur Savile’s Crime at Sadler’s Wells. He charmed audiences as Sakini in a national tour of The Teahouse of the August Moon; was a forcefully ingratiating Devil in Damn Yankees; and proved a hit as Humphrey Bogart in Play It Again, Sam at the Globe.

Bill Kerr as Uncle Jack, with Mark Lee as Archy (r), in Gallipoli

After settling in Perth he played serious roles in a number of Australian films, including in the Peter Weir pictures Gallipoli (1981) and The Year of Living Dangerously (1982). He also co-starred in Razorback (1984), about a murderous wild boar running riot in the Australian outback.

He was active on the Australian stage — in My Fair Lady he was a critical success as Alfred Doolittle — and appeared in numerous television series, including Return to Eden.

Bill Kerr, who was three times married and had four children, is said to have died while watching television at his home.

Bill Kerr, born June 10 1922, died August 28 2014

Guardian:

Eton College The historic cobbled school yard of Eton College. Photograph: Christopher Furlong/Getty Images

Simon Jenkins’s patronising dismissal of the recent findings in the report by the social mobility and child poverty commission reflects exactly what the report says: that an elite is running the country and is out of touch with ordinary citizens (Merit is not the be-all and end-all of good leadership, 29 August). In writing that “most countries are run largely by the products of middle-class education”, Jenkins ignores Britain’s bloated private education system that is not replicated in any other European country. He also uses the term “middle class” in a meaningless way if he equates it with our present wealthy and privileged ruling elite. The middle class by definition is in the middle!

Finally he writes that “all evils ‘starting with the education system’ is the oldest of cliches”. It is, though, a basic truth that if you allow a wealthy minority to effectively jump the educational queue by paying for the education of their children, you are helping to cement elite structures that dominate all sections of society. Only the abolition of private schooling and decent state education can bring about genuine equality of opportunity as the most progressive European nations demonstrate.
John Green
London

• Among the examples of how the 7% who attended private schools monopolise the top positions in society that you mention from the social mobility and child poverty commission’s report, is that 43% of newspaper columnists have that background.

Unlike the other examples, this is one you could do something about. Why not have, say, a three-month period in which you commission no articles at all from the private-school-educated elite of quality journalism. Keep the Guardian’s pages free from the whole lot, from grandees like Simon Jenkins to relative newcomers like Laurie Penny. You may find that state-educated journalists can be just as good, or even better.
John Wilson
London

• The social mobility and child poverty commission findings (Report, 28 August) once more publicise what we all know in our hearts, that Britain is a fundamentally unequal society in which opportunities and rewards are largely reserved for those who have attended public schools. Not only is this blatantly unjust but it prevents the submerged talents of the vast majority of people from working to the benefit of the nation.

As a political party committed to promote greater social equality, it is up to Labour to come up with an answer, and one, moreover, which will command public support so that it may be implemented. One step would be to phase in a quota system for all public appointments, including judges, diplomats, permanent secretaries, senior educational officers, BBC controllers and so on. The aim would be to move to a situation in which these choice appointments in the public service would be made in proportion to that of the ratio of the state/private school population, at the moment 93% to 7%. The party should go to the country on the slogan: “Give your child a fair chance.”
Alan Chedzoy
Radipole, Dorset

• Could it perhaps be that wealthy parents are more clever and thus have better-paid jobs than the rest of us? And that their offspring are also often above average intelligence, so they can go to high-flying universities? Similarly, do the numbers of clever people in the more academic jobs (astrophysicists, brain surgeons, judges, cabinet ministers, etc) receive higher pay? Yes, of course. It is not fashionable to point out that some people are cleverer than others, but the fact remains. It does  not mean these folk are more important, nor even better citizens, and other folk with different talents are useful in other directions, such as artists, musicians, gardeners, carpenters, etc. It takes all sorts.
Mary Smith
Upminster, Essex

• The commission report reveals nothing we didn’t already know. The statistics reveal that over a year on the BBC programme Question Time just over 40% of the panellists were Oxbridge graduates and just under 40% from private schools. Meanwhile, 71% of judges went to an independent school, as did 52% of Conservative MPs. You get the picture.

To counter the correlation of private schooling and high-powered jobs, the commission suggests employers should ask for an overview of a candidate’s academic achievements that is “university blind” and that the social background of staff should be published. Although this new bureaucracy might help, we need a more fundamental shift in culture. This is a class issue. As the wealthy rule our country, its media, the arts, the judiciary system, etc, they inherently project their own ideology, consciously or not. No amount of bureaucracy can change that.

Ethnic minorities and the white working class share the same financial barriers to private education. For example, Muslims in the UK suffer more than double the UK’s average poverty level. There are few role models in mainstream culture. Not only is the elite putting up financial barriers, it makes it harder for young members of ethnic minorities to aspire to the top professions, whether it be politics or acting (just look at programmes like Doctor Who, you will only see white – and green – faces). Social elitism projects a skewed view of Britain’s diversity.
Mohammed Ali
QED Foundation, Bradford

• I fail to understand why there is such a clamour for opening up access to the nation’s leading institutions. It is, after all, only a mere 160 years since the Northcote-Trevelyan report (1853) called for the opening up of the civil service to “the ablest and most ambitious of the youth of the country”. What’s the hurry?
Ian Worthington
Wymeswold, Leicestershire

• To help solve the problem of social mobility, let us start with something simple and remove the charitable status of private schools.
Simon Harris
Wrexham

• Reading the article reminded me of a friend working at the BBC who once had someone storm out of a meeting she was leading with the words: “I won’t have someone with a 2.1 from Liverpool tell me what to do!”
Ivan Ruggeri
London

• The Milburn report rightly condemns the system whereby a small elite from private schools and Oxbridge dominate top positions (Report condemns ‘closed shop’ of Britain’s elite, 28 August). Labour spokesman Tristram Hunt agrees with the report. Yet Hunt (private school and Oxbridge) accepted being imposed by a Labour party panel as the parliamentary candidate for Stoke-on-Trent to the loss of a capable resident of the city. As long as the Labour party is biased towards the privileged and prejudiced against the working class, the closed shop will never be opened.
Bob Holman
Glasgow

• Sadly, Tristram Hunt’s analysis of the social mobility and child poverty commission’s report is flawed. The report does not show that “the coalition was failing on social mobility”. On the contrary, a government which, immediately on coming to power, scraps the Education Maintenance Allowance, then triples university fees, passes school assessment reforms which disadvantage children from poorer homes, cuts funding for Sure Start centres and libraries, and appoints the majority of its cabinet from the likes of Eton and the Bullingdon club, has succeeded in achieving its objective.

As the report says, this “social engineering” has created the “elitism so embedded in Britain today”. Should a government determined to increase social mobility ever gain power, it would have to restore the pre-2010 level playing field in GCSE and A-level examinations, end not only as Owen Jones says, “the charitable status for private schools”, (A racket for the uber-privileged, 28 August), but also the exemption from VAT on private school fees, as well as properly attacking the tax avoidance industry which enables so many of those fees to be paid.

University fees have to be reduced, and a cap placed on charges for halls of residence, while the Oxbridge domination will only be ended by legislation, as these universities have long shown themselves unwilling to change. How about a law which only allows any university to recruit 7% of its undergraduates from private schools, in line with the national figure? As long as universities favour privately educated applicants, money will beget money.

Lastly, that government would require an education secretary from neither private school nor Oxbridge!
Bernie Evans
Liverpool

• Owen Jones (How power works in Britain, 27 August) quotes Henry Fairlie on “the whole matrix of official and social relations within which power is organised”. This is what needs illuminating for the rest of us outside this matrix. I want to know the detail of who the people are who really run this country and who’s influencing them – Fairlie’s “subtle social relationships”. How are politicians, the media, civil servants, business “leaders” and “opinion formers” connected by the schools they attended, by university education, family connections, business relationships, membership of clubs, public, advisory and other bodies?

Before I can analyse, and where necessary challenge, what they do and why I need maps of these concealed configurations. Where can I find them? Without sustained exposure and illumination of the ecology of these interlocking elites I can have no confidence in our democracy, which will remain a superficial pantomime, and its future.
John Roberts
Dursley, Gloucestershire

• If only Owen Jones were leader of the opposition.
Kate Guggenheim
Halesowen, Worcestershire

Ticketless Kate Bush fan Ian, 67, from London with his photograph of the singer outside Hammersmith Ticketless Kate Bush fan Ian, 67, from London with his photograph of the singer outside Hammersmith Apollo for the first of her concerts. Photograph: David Levene for the Guardian

Bill Hawkes, who claims to have played viola on Kate Bush’s last record, bit the hand that fed him with a miserable, curmudgeonly, mean-spirited and tin-eared rant about the current excitement surrounding her live shows (Letters, 27 August). The internet is replete with suitable ripostes about viola players. Here’s my favourite. Q: Why do viola players stand for long periods outside people’s houses? A: They can’t find the key and don’t know when to come in.
Edward Collier
Cheltenham

• Look, I like Kate Bush: some of her music has been outstanding over the last 35 years, and her commitment to taking control of her career and ploughing her own furrow was admirable and groundbreaking in an industry used to manipulating female artists. But can we ease up on the brown-nosing adulation?

Playing 22 nights in London is simply lazy, as well as being insulting to all Bush’s fans living more than 100 miles from the capital who don’t have hundreds of pounds to spare for transport and hotels in addition to the hugely expensive tickets.

I also doubt any record company in the late 1970s would have given the undoubtedly talented young Kate the time of day if she’d been an unknown teenager in the bleak north rather than a supremely well-connected lass with friends like Dave Gilmour to kick open industry doors for her. Just adding a bit of perspective, guys.
Norman Miller
Brighton

• If Bill Hawkes feels he has nothing to learn from Kate Bush in terms of musicianship, perhaps he should take a lesson from her on manners and courtesy.
Peter FitzGerald-Morris
Rochester, Kent

• Unfortunately for Bill Hawkes, who “laughed himself silly” at Kate Bush’s “nonsensical” lyrics while playing viola on her last album, his letter says a lot more about him – and not to his credit – than about the talents of the woman whose money he was happy to take while sneering at her behind her back.
Pam Thomas
Chippenham, Wiltshire

• Bill Hawkes set me thinking me of my experiences of live concerts. Hearing pop stars performing live usually left me disappointed compared to the LP. Classical music concerts had the opposite effect: there was something there that the recording lacked.

I remember in my youth hearing PJ Proby performing in Stockport. He was playing for 10 minutes before I realised who it was.
Michael Grange
St Davids, Pembrokeshire

Indian movie director Satyajit Ray (1921-92): Richard Attenborough was principal patron of the found Indian movie director Satyajit Ray (1921-92): Richard Attenborough was principal patron of the foundation set up in his memory. Photograph: Dominique Faget/AFP/Getty Images

Everyone says that Richard Attenborough always used the word “darling” because he couldn’t remember names – but there was at least one name he always remembered: Satyajit Ray. Both possessed the creativity and brilliance of the world’s finest filmmakers. Dick always said he was fortunate enough to know and have worked with Ray on The Chess Players. Dick was always proud that he was the first and principal patron of the Satyajit Ray foundation, which was set up in 1993, and he was incredibly generous in supporting it financially and on occasions presenting the annual Ray award to the directors of first feature films that demonstrated the qualities present in Ray’s own work. We feel his loss deeply and, as he would have wished, we will strive to keep Ray’s work alive for filmgoers.
Pamela Cullen
Chair of the Satyajit Ray foundation
www.satyajitray.org.uk

Michael Caine in the 1967 film Funeral in Berlin: ad-lib in a bar. Photograph: Sportsphoto/Allstar Michael Caine in the 1967 film Funeral in Berlin: ad-lib in a bar. Photograph: Sportsphoto/Allstar

Jonathan Jones (Awe-inspiring art deserves to stay in London, 27 August) argues that the Auerbach pictures, which have been “given” to the nation in lieu of £16m of inheritance tax by Lucien Freud’s executors, should remain in London. However, the tax is owed to the UK Treasury and so the benefits of the arrangement should be shared throughout the UK. In my view, London has more than its share of artistic and cultural treasures. Perhaps Jonathan Jones would like to consider which of them might be relocated to the galleries and museums outside London as a swap for the Auerbach pictures?
Rhiannon Craig
Penarth, Vale of Glamorgan

• May I be the first to say I am in love with Paul Mason and ask when can I move with him to our ideal mythical city (What makes a perfect city?, 25 August)? Having seen him dance on his TV documentary about northern soul, I was already half-lost. But now I realise I can also swim in the sea with him before cycling along bicycle lanes to the theatre in a sunny courtyard in our ideal city, I am completely lost.
Christine Peacock
Manchester

• Thank you for highlighting the huge problems caused by the lack of toilets in India and Africa (Report, 29 August). One easy thing we can all do is twin our toilets (www.toilettwinning.org). A £60 donation to toilet-twinning can really make a difference. And you get a twinning certificate to hang in the loo!
Barbara Williams
Sparsholt, Oxfordshire

• Current correspondence on inept spying (Letters, 27 August) puts me in mind of Michael Cain’s ad-lib as the spy Harry Palmer in the film Funeral in Berlin. Sitting in an airport bar, a waiter asks: “Bitte, mein Herr?” To which Cain replies: “No thanks, I’ll have a lager.”
Robert Brady
Twickenham, Middlesex

• The letter about the two martinis reminded me of a similar confusion with language on a French trip. One of our party asked another what type of beer he was drinking, the reply was “wheat”. On going to order my friend had to stop the barman after he’d poured three.
Andy Newburn
Newcastle upon Tyne

Independent:

The disadvantages of Britain’s multi-tiered elitism (editorial, 28 August) start at the moment of birth. A few are born with royal privileges denied to the rest of us, including the opportunity to become head of state, a right enjoyed by every citizen in true democracies.

Next comes education. The most favoured private schools are almost exclusively for boys of wealthy parents, and so, contrary to Charity Commission requirements, “exist to benefit the narrow interests of a closed group”.

Then comes the honours system, a demeaning pyramid of deference that diminishes us all. No fair society would tolerate the class distinction ironed into every absurd title. One title conferred decades of respectability on two perverts of the worst kind.

Finally, the House of Lords, the high altar of privilege, its unelected life members eagerly sought as adornments to boardrooms or television studios. Properly qualified but untitled candidates are passed over, and talent lost to the nation.

It will take a lot more than the Social Mobility and Child Poverty Commission’s feeble wish list to undo the wrongs inflicted on ordinary people by this wicked witch’s brew of discrimination.

John Hughes
Brentford, Middlesex

Shock! Horror! Parliament has just discovered that British society is rigged from top to bottom. Oh me! Oh my! When did this happen? The “ordinary people” have become bewitched by tradition and flummery, baubles and trinkets. Now they believe in kings and queens and princes and princesses and pixies and goblins and fairies. Something must be done. Send in Ofsted to be Very Rigorous. And to set New Targets.

Miles Secker
Heckington, Lincolnshire

The rotten borough of Rotherham

Your report (28 August) mentions residents lamenting that none of the Rotherham councillors have resigned. Yet there has been an entire electoral cycle since this issue first arose in 2010.

Neither Conservative nor Labour governments have done anything to remove the rotten boroughs in local government in England and Wales caused by the first-past-the-post system. Councillors in Rotherham and elsewhere can act with impunity, knowing that their party will be in power for generations whatever they do.

If the Liberal Democrats had insisted on STV for local government as part of the Coalition agreement then that would have been a more long-lasting legacy of their five years in office.

Christopher Anton
Birmingham

 

Having read the 159-page report on the Rotherham abuse scandal, I am impressed and angered. The report is clear, unequivocal and lucid. It’s easy to follow and a “must read”.

But as one reads it, anger about the treatment of the girls is replaced by much stronger feelings of rage at the arrogant individuals who chose to ignore the evidence.

Most striking is the treatment of the Home Office-sponsored researcher who analysed and created a report years ago that was not acted upon by the councillors and the local police commander.

Distressed by their reaction, she wrote to the Chief Constable of South Yorkshire. The reaction from the police commander was to call her in and reprimand her for going over his head rather than discuss the issues she had identified. Who was this jack-in-office? Is he still employed? Does he have a pension?

At last, this researcher is vindicated; the report says that in all particulars, save some dates, her report was accurate.

Tim Brook
Bristol

 

Presumably there now will be sighs of relief in councils and other departments throughout the land in the certainty that their jobs, salaries and pensions are not at risk, and only lessons need to be learnt.

Laurence Shields
Wingerworth, Derbyshire

Tory defector’s battleground

Few places in the South-east of England rank as highly as Clacton-on-Sea and the surrounding area as requiring an injection of vociferous new thinking, investment and national attention.

There are areas experiencing significant social deprivation, and  health provision is at breaking-point as a result of a barely coherent strategy from NHS England. Douglas Carswell’s constituents would be right to welcome the spotlight they will find themselves under over the coming weeks and months, as their former Tory MP fights a by-election following his move to Ukip.

However, if Douglas is to be truly effective in addressing the many very real issues affecting the local area, he will have to prove himself as adept at health and social care policy as he has at generating headlines – something he has sadly failed to demonstrate during the course of his current tenure.

Dr Jonathan Geldard
Walton-on-the-Naze, Essex

Will there be punch-ups on the beach at Clacton-on-Sea between the modernisers and the off-your-rockers? My only observation is to all centre-ground Conservatives and Labour members: join the mods. That is, the Liberal Democrats.

Richard Grant
Burley, Hampshire

 

Look forward to grammar schools

I am surprised to see that your editorial on Douglas Carswell’s defection from the Tories (29 August) makes a throwaway comment about grammar schools being “backwards-looking”.

Surely a system where children are sent to “better” schools on the basis of academic merit is more forwards-looking than one where children are selected through their parents’ postcode (often based on family wealth).

With the debate about elitism in British society and the glut of private school pupils at the top of the pile, a debate over the reintroduction of selective state education in some form may be pertinent, especially since the fall in social mobility has coincided with the abolition of grammar schools.

In fact, according to a 2013 YouGov poll, 80 per cent of 16- to 24-year-olds were in favour of increasing the provision of grammar schools.

Harrison Edmonds
Cheadle, Cheshire

The Sutton Trust is deluded (“Parents pay half a million for state school education”, 26 August). Take the children from the “best” schools (that is the middle-class children) and move them to the worst schools, and vice versa with the poor children, move them to the best schools. Suddenly the “worst” schools, despite being in poor areas, will become the best.

Teachers have very little effect. A school is just a collection of young people in a building; they are good when they are full of children who have been imbued with a desire to learn from an early age. They are murder when there is a critical mass of children who reject learning because their families have no idea how to support them.

Stop chasing red herrings looking for easy solutions, and address the real issue, which is making proper provision for all children from birth. This would cost a fortune.

Catherine Lane
Bournemouth

 

Fighting for Isis could be treason

British citizens who, in the words of the 1351 statute law, adhere to the Queen’s enemies in her realm, giving them aid and comfort in her realm or elsewhere, are guilty of treason. And the 1916 trial of Roger Casement established that the wording included acts committed abroad.

If the UK takes hostile action against the self-styled “Islamic State”, then any British citizens who actively support that entity are guilty accordingly. They could also be deemed to have adopted a dual nationality, and hence could lawfully be deprived of UK citizenship without breaching international law.

Philip Goldenberg

Too much sport? Impossible!

Following various letters complaining about too much sport of one kind or another being reported, I should like to say that I prefer the sports writing in The Independent to that of any other newspaper.

I even read the news about sports I have absolutely no interest in – Formula One, for example. And although I think all of your football writers are great, Sam Wallace is, in my opinion, the best football journalist in the UK.

Gary Clark
London EC2

 

You can survive without Kate Bush

Don’t worry, Archie Bland (28 August), I couldn’t care less about Kate Bush or her type of music; and guess what, my heart is still behaving normally, I get out of bed in the morning and enjoy life hugely without listening to a single note played or uttered by her.

I’m just waiting for Cameron to tweet his admiration of Mme Bush’s art, to show he’s so achingly hip and trendy.

Glynne Williams
London E17

Times:

Views of Scotland from outside range as widely as those within the country

Sir, Over the past year I have found myself moving towards being a Yes supporter. I am English, so this is academic, but the more I examine where England is as a nation, the more I am appalled at the failure of socio-economic neo-liberalism that creates a tiny powerful elite while marginalising everybody else.

From housing to welfare to justice, to education to economic fairness we in England are morally skewered. That Scotland has a chance to shake off the legacy of elitism and exclusion is fantastic. In doing so I hope Scotland provides the radical mind shift that we in England so desperately need to embrace fairer ways of doing things.

The earthquake that would come from Scottish independence would force us to rightly look at ourselves and what we truly stand for.

Gerard Brown

London W2

Sir, Alistair Darling and Gordon Brown heading the No campaign? Where are the English politicians telling Scotland why we want them, why we need them and why they should stay with us?

Leslie Howard

St Albans

Sir, Listening to the Yes campaign one might think that Scots are an oppressed people living in poor conditions. But our island is a haven of freedom and relative prosperity which people risk their lives to join. What sort of paradise do the Scots think they can create by this messy, expensive and divisive divorce?

Professor Robert Elkeles

Northwood, Middx

Sir, It defies logic that Scotland might retain the pound. It would remain hugely dependent on the remaining UK government’s economic policy but without any representation. It is better off now.

Michael Old

Poole, Dorset

Sir, With this recent defection of a Conservative MP to Ukip, the upcoming Scottish referendum and a possible future referendum on EU membership, it is not conceivable that in the near future we could be out of the European Union while Scotland is in.

Dan Green

Ewell, Surrey

Sir, I have, like most in England, only had a passing interest in the Scottish referendum but I would be keen to know what the chances are of keeping “English” Summer Time throughout the year if the Scots decide to depart, as I am certain it would improve the road safety of the inhabitants south of the border.

It would be left to the Highland dairy industry to plead directly with Alex Salmond for their historical light-saving advantage that we have afforded them in the past.

Stephen Williams

Saffron Walden

Sir, There are a dozen countries in the EU with populations similar to or smaller than Scotland’s. None shows any desire to change its status even if its economy is dependent upon its larger neighbours. The arguments so far have concentrated on the economic disadvantages of a Yes vote. Little regard has been given to national pride or the emotional appeal of self-rule. It would be strange if Scotland were to enter the history books as the nation that rejected independence. Is it not said that it is better to be governed badly by one’s own than to be ruled well by strangers?

Charles Mccarthy

Stamford, Lincs

Not all private school pupils come from predictably privileged backgounds

Sir, I am wary of conclusions drawn from statistics outlined in your article about the backgrounds of people in top jobs (“Old boys and girls still take the top jobs”, Aug 28).

The statistics do not say how
such people came to be privately educated. Some fit the upper-class stereotype, of course, but many do not. Sport is an example. Public schools often offer scholarships to talented individuals who then go on to greater things.

I suspect that a great many people come from ordinary families which, in the previous generation or two, have been successful after a state school education. In turn, they decided to seek what they perceive to be best for their offspring by providing for them a private education.

If we look at the wider backgrounds of these “top” people, a different picture emerges: more people from ordinary backgrounds end up in influential positions than is generally realised, and this is to be applauded.

Ian Hale

Farnham Common, Bucks

Cramped airline seats provoke rage, despair and fury, even before the one in front starts to tip back …

Sir, Recent polls suggest that Janice Turner is very much in a minority in seeking to defend her “right” to recline her airline seat (“Why I will defend my air space to the last”, Aug 28). I don’t use a laptop, but if she puts her seat back with me sitting behind her then she is likely to find herself with an impression of my kneecaps in her lower back as most airlines simply provide insufficient economy class legroom for any normal sized person.

No one has a right to make themselves comfy at the expense of the person behind but unfortunately there are many who still do.

Colin Bishop

Cranleigh, Surrey

Sir, With all sympathy to Janice Turner, if you’re 6ft 6in with non-detachable legs some intrusion into the next row’s reclining rights is unavoidable. Selfish passengers who claim those rights by repeatedly slamming their backrest into your knees just make life worse for both of us. Nor is this a special plea for men. I suspect women are just as affected by the issue as men. You only need to look around in the street to see that our height is no longer exceptional.

derek Nudd

Portsmouth, Hants

The charity asserts its right to speak out on the causes of the social ills it seeks to address

Sir, Tim Montgomerie (“You don’t save children by arming terrorists”, Aug 28), criticises Oxfam for speaking out on austerity in Britain and Europe. We speak out on these issues because our research and experience tell us that cuts in spending and increases in indirect taxation are having a detrimental impact on poverty reduction. In the UK austerity is hurting society’s poorest. It is important to stress, as we have done, that this is not just an issue for the UK — the UN has said that fiscal tightening in a number of developed countries has hurt global growth and pushed millions more into poverty.

It is Oxfam’s job to highlight not just the problems of poverty but also the underlying causes. We do not see that as a left or right issue.

Ben Phillips

Director of Campaigns, Policy and Influencing, Oxfam

Sometimes we should allow very old people the comfort of a peaceful departure from this life

Sir, While baking my mother’s 103rd birthday cake last week I read your report “Four in five doctors would not help patients to end their lives” (Aug 23).

There is an associated aspect of this important ethical dilemma which I believe we, as a society, are ignoring. I applaud Professor Raymond Tallis’s advocacy of the “secondary aim” of doctors — the reduction of suffering.

My mother’s death has been postponed three times in the past five years by medical intervention which was unavailable to an earlier generation. She suffers increasing levels of pain, discomfort, distress and miserable confusion. This suffering comes after an active, fulfilled and positive life. It is unbearable to watch, and her situation is far from unique.

In a caring society, surely we need sometimes to allow very old people to die, simply offering them pain relief and a peaceful departure from this life?

Rosie Wood

Guildford

Not all private school pupils come from predictably privileged backgounds

Sir, I am wary of conclusions drawn from statistics outlined in your article about the backgrounds of people in top jobs (“Old boys and girls still take the top jobs”, Aug 28).

The statistics do not say how
such people came to be privately educated. Some fit the upper-class stereotype, of course, but many do not. Sport is an example. Public schools often offer scholarships to talented individuals who then go on to greater things.

I suspect that a great many people come from ordinary families which, in the previous generation or two, have been successful after a state school education. In turn, they decided to seek what they perceive to be best for their offspring by providing for them a private education.

If we look at the wider backgrounds of these “top” people, a different picture emerges: more people from ordinary backgrounds end up in influential positions than is generally realised, and this is to be applauded.

Ian Hale

Farnham Common, Buck

Telegraph:

SIR – There will be conflicting views about whether Douglas Carswell is to be praised for leaving the Conservative Party and joining the UK Independence Party.

However, people on both sides should commend him for standing down from the House of Commons and contesting a by-election with his new party. Mr Carswell clearly understands that he is accountable as a Member of Parliament to the electors of Clacton and to no one else.

Martin Collier
St Ives, Huntingdonshire

SIR – As a constituent of Douglas Carswell and a lifelong Conservative, I welcome his decision to join Ukip.

David Cameron has no chance of substantial change in our relationship with the EU. All we get with him is a Prime Minister returning from endless negotiations waving a worthless “peace in our time” document.

R G Hopgood
Kirby-le-Soken, Essex

Ebola in Britain

SIR – I nursed for many years in infectious disease areas at Great Ormond Street and St Mary’s, Paddington. My colleagues and I frequently travelled to collect and treat the latest exotic, unidentified fever to arrive at Heathrow. We are all alive.

I never volunteered to serve abroad. Many colleagues did. Their expectation of repatriation in emergency was entirely reasonable, in fact tourist-standard, and grudging it is miserable.

Stephen Dunn
Norwich

SIR – You describe William Pooley, the British nurse who contracted Ebola in Sierra Leone, as a “hero”.

We have Red Cross medals, and the Florence Nightingale Medal (awarded to women), but not all nurses are female. Our many aid workers do equally important work to improve the lives of people they do not know. They also need to be recognised by the nation for their brave actions.

Nathan Gill MEP (Ukip)
Llangefni, Anglesey

Miliband’s next gig

SIR – Ed Miliband taking a leaf out of Kate Bush’s book may not be a bad idea. After all, she disappeared from public view for 35 years.

Andrew Holgate
Woodley, Cheshire

Blessed e-cigarettes

SIR – I was a heavy smoker for more than 60 years and had no problems with coughing nor any shortness of breath. However, a pre-op check revealed a small growth on my left lung, which was successfully removed by keyhole surgery.

E-cigarettes saved my sanity during my recovery, and I bless the people who invented them. I am able to use them in most cafés, pubs and restaurants, although never during a meal, and my wife is delighted that the furniture no longer “stinks”.

Now some busybodies want to ban them. Why? Are we going to allow such legislation to be passed?

David Craddock
Radstock, Somerset

SIR – What a pleasure it has been, since the smoking ban came into effect in 2007, to breathe in clean air and no longer have to gaze at things through a haze of smoke.

Whether or not e-cigarette vapour causes lasting harm to bystanders is a consideration for the experts, but the thought of breathing in visible vapours exhaled from strangers is just as distasteful as breathing in cigarette smoke was.

As a reformed smoker, fortunate enough to have seen the light through the smoke many years ago, I am in favour of banning e-cigarettes from public buildings.

Barry Morris
Bath, Somerset

SIR – I am a seasoned smoker whose lung capacity has greatly improved thanks to e-cigarettes. I am therefore disappointed to discover the World Health Organisation wants proof that e-cigarettes do no harm.

We know inhalation of sulphurous and other gases is bad. To ensure coherence of policy, will they now regulate flatulence to avoid passive inhalation? They could start by prohibiting entry to public places within four hours of eating boiled eggs.

John F Jordan
Brussels

Catching fire

SIR – I disagree with Rupert Christiansen’s assessment of his grandfather Arthur Christiansen’s acting in The Day the Earth Caught Fire.

He brought an air of authenticity that the established actors (such as Edward Judd, Leo McKern and Janet Munro) did not.

Alan Stranks
West Molesey, Surrey

Scotland’s money

SIR – Alex Salmond wants a full currency union with Westminster after having won independence for Scotland, which is contradictory. As for using the pound, or a currency tied to the pound, Ireland tried that from 1928 until 1979. Freeing the punt from sterling was an essential part of having an internationally competitive economy, an advantage lost with the euro.

Jeremy Eves
Bangor, County Down

Exit this way

SIR – I read in Peter Oborne’s column that “Bercow is now looking for a way out”. We should help him find it quickly.

Morton Morris
London NW2

Going without

SIR – Driverless cars, windowless planes, toiletless trains, a could-not-care-less society and life’s no fun any more.

Ray Black
Abersychan, Monmouthshire

Devastated, indeed, by the over-use of words

SIR – Which is the most over-used word in the English language? Indeed. Why do we say “Thank you very much indeed”, when we can just say “Thank you very much”? Why “Well done, indeed” instead of just “Well done”?

Ken Norman
Marlow, Buckinghamshire

SIR – Surely the most used and abused word in the English language has to be devastated.

Diane Bingham
Abingdon, Oxfordshire

SIR – The most over-used words are ahead of. What has happened to before?

Stanley Rubin
Whitefield, Lancashire

SIR – The increasing misuse of sustainable is not sustainable.

Malcolm Watson
Welford, Berkshire

SIR – Richard Cook asks “What has happened to me?” (Letters, August 28).

I can’t answer him. Rather, I commiserate, as I received a telephone call the other day in which the person asked: “Have yourselves heard of ourselves?” I was lost for words.

David Shaw
Codford, Wiltshire

SIR – I notice that on radio and television weather forecasts, temperatures no longer rise, they lift. Lift what, exactly?

Chris Wright
Carnforth, Lancashire

SIR – Reading David Cleave’s letter (August 22) reminded me that the word cleave is one of only two words I know that each have two diametrically opposite meanings: cleave can mean either “join together” or “split apart”, according to context.

The other word, used colloquially in one of its meanings, is wicked.

Tim Nixon
Braunton, Devon

SIR – Obviously, obviously.

Jenny Bundy
Lymington, Hampshire

Is a blackbird behind the curse of the shallots?

Blackbirds accused of causing havoc in vegetable patches across the country

BBlackbirds on average rise 11 minutes after daybreak

Blackbirds: the early bird catches the shallot Photo: ALAMY

6:59AM BST 29 Aug 2014

CommentsComments

SIR – The culprits responsible for the destruction of Margaret Mackley’s shallot patch in Devon are undoubtedly blackbirds – nasty, malevolent creatures.

Our garden in Lincolnshire is currently being preyed upon by a super-sized female trio of these avian thugs.

Barbara and Nick Shimmin
Helpringham, Lincolnshire

SIR – The curse of the Lady of Shalott?

Helen Mills
Tunbridge Wells, Kent

The extent to which officials in Rotherham failed in their duties to protect children is now becoming clear

Professor Alexis Jay

Professor Alexis Jay wrote the latest report into child sex abuse in Rotherham Photo: PA

7:00AM BST 29 Aug 2014

CommentsComments

SIR – We live in a society that can devise, enact and enforce a ban on light bulbs but cannot protect children from abuse on an industrial scale.

Once again public officials show no inkling of remorse nor any idea that serving the public just might be what their jobs are about.

John Smith
Great Moulton, Norfolk

SIR – The extent to which a blind eye has been turned to child sex abuse in Rotherham would appear to warrant prosecution of some officials as accessories to the abuse. A trial would reveal more than an inquiry.

Bill Parish
Hayes, Kent

SIR – I was a middle manager at Rotherham council from 1987 to 1999, responsible for taxi and private hire licensing. Illegal plying for hire by private hire vehicle drivers was a major problem. A majority of licensed drivers were Asian, and enforcement was often met by accusations of racial discrimination. Yet we were only doing our jobs.

I recall a senior councillor requiring me on one occasion to produce statistics on the issue of licences to prove that I wasn’t racially motivated. It put me under massive pressure.

David Wright
Worksop, Nottinghamshire

SIR – Professor Alexis Jay’s report disclosed that a police officer dismissed a case of a 12-year-girl having sex with five men because the acts had been “consensual”. A police officer should know that sex with any child under 16 is statutory rape even if the child consents. The law is there to protect children from themselves as well as against predators.

Chris Platford
Malmesbury, Wiltshire

SIR – For more than a decade, South Yorkshire Police apparently disregarded allegations of gang rape and child sex abuse. This is the same police force that, accompanied by a BBC television entourage, raided the home of Sir Cliff Richard to investigate a single historic complaint of alleged sexual assault.

I look forward to further television coverage of dawn raids in South Yorkshire.

John Dickinson
Willoughby-on-the-Wolds, Leicestershire

SIR – Inhuman lack of care in Mid-Staffordshire hospitals, the parliamentary expenses scandal, the Trojan horse schools affair in Birmingham, horrors at the BBC and now widespread incompetence by Rotherham social workers and council bosses.

How many of those responsible have resigned, been sacked, or criminally charged? How many of those responsible have been promoted?

Philip March
Croydon, Surrey

Irish Times:

Sir, – Noel Whelan (“Abortion amendment didn’t happen by accident”, Opinion & Analysis, August 29th) seems to suggest that “the political reality” of an alleged lack of interest in an abortion referendum matters more than the lived reality of all women of childbearing age living in Ireland. In any kind of civilised society, the discomfort of strangers should never outweigh the real lives of women who find themselves with decisions to make about their own bodies, responsibilities and capacities. As a woman, I truly hope that the Irish electorate views me as a human being with rights over my own body and health. As an Irish woman, it seems increasingly clear that it does not. – Yours, etc,

CLAIRE HENNESSY,

Ranelagh Village,

Dublin 6.

Sir, – Barry Walsh and Paul Daly (August 28th) are quite correct to state that it is the people who voted to amend the constitution to adopt Article 40.3.3. What made the matter come before the people, however, has its genesis in the political instability that was successfully exploited by the Pro-Life Amendment Campaign. Three general elections were held between 1981 and 1983, the year of the referendum. The passage of the amendment Bill through the Oireachtas cannot be unrelated to the fact that it coincided with one of the weakest governments in the history of the State.

In light of the travel amendment, also duly adopted by the people, I wonder precisely what ethical commitment the Constitution currently protects. The cognitive dissonance behind the current position which enables abortion unless you are unable to travel is redolent of a political and intellectual immaturity that Fintan O’Toole has perfectly described in relation to other social questions such as contraception, divorce and homosexuality. These are all issues which took Irish society far too long to face up to. – Yours, etc,

BRIAN DINEEN.

The Rise,

Bishopstown, Cork.

Sir, – As an Irish GP working in the NHS in England for the past 30 years, I read with interest the contrasting articles on August 23rd by Diarmaid Ferriter (“Class secrecy and morality shaped abortion question”) and Breda O’Brien (“There are two very vulnerable people in this nightmare”).

My experience of a system where abortion is in effect available on demand is that it has little if any benefit for women in terms of equality, dignity or rights. Indeed I would suggest that the opposite is the case. I work in an inner-city area with high levels of social and financial deprivation and the situation may be different for women from higher social classes.

What I see is that when women become pregnant, even if it appears initially that the pregnancy was unplanned, the decision on proceeding with the pregnancy or aborting depends on whether the woman has the support of her partner or her family. If the woman has support, in general, the pregnancy goes ahead. My colleagues and I have often discussed the phenomenon of women who months after having an abortion become pregnant again and this time go ahead with the pregnancy.

What had changed? In our experience the situation tends to be that the woman’s partner or family have now come to terms with the idea of her being pregnant and having a baby and have rallied in support. To suggest that this support should happen first time is seen to be denying a woman’s right to choose. It cannot be right to put women through the distress of an abortion when we men or parents, families and society should be providing the support that the woman really wants rather than the easier option for us of supporting abortion.

There are of course situations where these observations are not relevant and a pregnancy is truly unwanted. I don’t have an answer to this.

I remember a friend, one of the British Medical Association’s advisory committee to the British government preparing the 1967 Abortion Act who said, referring to the subsequent availability of abortion on demand, “This is not what we had intended would happen when the Act was introduced”. – Yours, etc,

Dr JOE KELLIHER,

Prospect Medical Group,

Westgate Road,

Newcastle upon Tyne,

England.

Sir, – Carter Dillard (August 28th) argues that “countries are free to implement population policies that gently guide their citizens to make good decisions, in much the way that some states guide their citizens to wear seatbelts and avoid cigarettes”. However unlike wearing seatbelts and avoiding smoking, the long-term effects of China’s one child policy are not yet known.

The extra population might have drained China of resources, and it is probably more economically powerful as a result of the one child policy, but it doesn’t necessarily mean Chinese society is “better”. Major social changes are occurring in China’s population. Confucian teachings (among other things) have influenced a distinct preference for male children in Chinese society. Therefore we see an increase in sex-selective abortion, a lack of care for female babies, and a rising gender imbalance. Words such as “cousin”, “aunt” and “uncle” are losing their meaning. There is huge pressure on men to marry, and there is a danger that the realm of marriage may become a reality only for the privileged upper class.

Vanessa Fong of Harvard University, in her extensive studies on the one child policy, finds that many of China’s “only children” have developed behavioural problems and negative personality traits.

While many of these areas will require much more in-depth investigation over the coming years, to create a dichotomy whereby “population control equals good” and “population growth equals bad” in China, without examining the effects of both in a more nuanced manner, is misleading and disingenuous. – Yours, etc,

DAVID ROCHE,

Davis Terrace,

Clonmel, Co Tipperary.

Sir, – Much of the recent commentary on the proliferation of low-quota CAO entry routes claims that it has been driven by colleges fighting to secure high-points prestige courses (“Universities have been ‘using the points system’ to inflate demand”, Front Page, August 28th). This is a simplification of a very complex problem, and credits us with a level of organising ability that I suspect we do not possess.

Given the cost structure and the nature of academic appointments in higher education institutions, it is extremely difficult to reallocate resources in the short and even in the medium terms. If a college experiences a significant shift in student preferences from one discipline to another, one discipline will find itself underutilised – the other under-resourced.

A tried and trusted way of managing demand in this type of environment is to use a quota system to channel demand to match the resources available. Irish higher education institutions mostly manage demand through CAO quotas at intake – ensuring as far as possible that students will be well serviced. Some demand management occurs after intake, where, for example, a general science intake is allocated across the various science specialisms at the end of two years of study.

In a severely resource-constrained environment, with very “sticky” resources, the arguments for using quotas at point of entry are strong, not only from the point of view of resource management, but also for the assurance it gives successful applicants that they can complete the course they choose. The arguments for allocating demand at some point after entry are also strong; not least that it allows students to experience a broad range of courses before they make important intellectual and life choices.

Nevertheless, it is widely agreed that our current entry system has spun somewhat out of control, and is in need of the kind of “pruning” that university presidents have recently promised. But make no mistake, demand will have to be managed at some point, and arguably, it is more difficult to manage after intake.

The notion that university presidents manipulate admissions quotas in an effort to outdo each other in a race for high-point prestige courses is crass, and a practice that I do not recognise over a long career in the sector. – Yours, etc,

Prof GERARD McHUGH,

School of Business,

Trinity College Dublin.

Sir, – If we want to find anything positive out of the conjuncture of the home rule crisis and the outbreak of the first World War, we might recall that it took tens of thousands of adult Irish males willing to fight for, or against home rule and sent them overseas to kill foreigners instead of each other. The British War Office paid them for their services and gave money to their dependants while we were spared the collateral damage of sectarian, tribal warfare.

Meanwhile the disarming of the Irish Volunteers after the Easter Rising in 1916 ensured that when war did eventually come to Ireland, from 1919 to 1924, it was on a much more limited scale than would otherwise have been the case.

Compared with other combatants in Europe we came off comparatively lightly. The absence of guns and people willing to use them was a blessing in disguise. As subsequent events proved, political violence could not cure the underlying social and economic maladies that beset Irish society north and south in subsequent decades. – Yours, etc,

PADRAIG YEATES,

Station Road,

Portmarnock,

Co Dublin.

Sir, – It’s good that this campaign is highlighting one of Ireland’s hidden treasures. It seems everyone agrees that this is an important route, and the only issue seems to be how best to share it and facilitate access. Here I must declare an interest: I so like the Barrow Way, and believe more people should discover and enjoy it, that last year I made an app and audio guide to the full 116km, from Lowtown to St Mullins, with funding from Waterways Ireland.

Having canoed, cycled and walked the Barrow, I can say that the grassy towpath is not suitable for cycling, other than over very short distances. The grassy surface is often highly “corrugated” by vehicle tyres, and cycling over this is punishing – even one mile can bring tears to your eyes! Ironically, some of this damage is caused by the machines that are used to maintain the grassy towpath sections.

No one wants a high-speed tarmac cycle lane, but a conditioned gravel path, covering approximately half the towpath, would mean cyclists could share the way with walkers and anglers, and enjoy Ireland’s loveliest off-road route.

The Barrow was once a busy industrial river, with noisy mills and cargo traffic. Today, you can drive a car along the path in places, to access private residences. There is surely room for cyclists?

This would create a stunning long-distance route with tremendous tourism potential, and open the Barrow Way to more people in a sensitive way.– Yours, etc,

MARY MULVIHILL,

Manor Street,

Dublin 7.

Sir, – Your reviewer Donald Clarke finds the Newfoundland film The Grand Seduction (“Craggy veterans steal the show”, August 29th) verges on the twee because it features a doctorless small town with the name of (“oh, dear!”) Tickle Head.

Clearly Mr Clarke knows little about Newfoundland. Many small towns in Canada, especially in Newfoundland, lack a family doctor. Enticing a doctor to town is a major challenge for small, remote communities.

And Tickle Head is by no means a fanciful name for a small Newfoundland outport. Ragged Harbour, Bat’s Path End, The Gut, Heart’s Delight and Heart’s Desire are all names of real communities in Newfoundland. And so are Baker’s Tickle, Black Tickle, and Chimney Tickle.

Maybe a trip to Newfoundland might tickle Mr Clarke’s fancy. – Yours, etc,

LAUCHLAN T MUNRO,

Berkley Avenue,

Ottawa, Canada.

Sir, – The display of a rainbow flag by An Garda Síochána during the upcoming Limerick Gay Pride festival is a simple gesture that is long overdue and very welcome.While I wholeheartedly agree that the Garda should, must, and do apply the law equally and fairly to all they encounter, I am quite frankly offended that this modest gesture is criticised. Need we bear in mind that since 1993 homosexuality is no longer considered a crime in Ireland and that all of our citizens should be treated equally and with respect?

That said, community outreach is a very important part of policing; minority groups, including those who identify as LGBT, must be represented, protected and supported. Stating your support for a minority does not detract from anything; if anything it educates and ensures that we all care more for our fellow citizens. What’s bad about that ? – Yours, etc,

PAUL McCONNELL,

Jervis Park,

Dublin 1.

Sir, – We have all these recommendations from the local bishops and priests of the church regarding what’s acceptable in terms of music, readings and eulogies for Catholic funerals yet when someone known to the priest, to the town, to the country or the world dies, everything goes out the window.

When my loved ones died over the years, I had my work cut out to get their names pronounced correctly. Asking permission to say a few words had to be framed as a “short thanksgiving” after communion. For double standards, I give the prize to the Irish Catholic Church – for the umpteenth time. – Yours, etc,

RAY CAREY,

Beau Street,

Waterford.

Sir, – Further to “Anger among workers after second wage delay in a month” (August 28th), should a public servant miss a direct debit payment to a bank, the bank will charge €10 for the missed payment.

Am I to assume that, now that the Bank of Ireland has missed two payments to the public servants, they are all due €20 from the banks? – Yours, etc,

CONAN DOYLE,

Pococke Lower, Kilkenny.

Sir, – As a resident of Tralee, I look forward to The Irish Times of the weekend after the Rose festival because I enjoy the reviews and your journalists’ efforts to distance themselves from an event which obviously isn’t high brow enough for frequenters of drinks receptions in Dublin. Predictably, this year your writers did not disappoint.

If your journalists who stay in the safety of southside Dublin have nothing good to say about the Rose of Tralee, send them down to us for re-education next year! We won’t tell their friends. – Yours, etc,

PATRICK DALY,

Rock Street,

Tralee, Co Kerry.

Sir, – I feel obliged to point out that, despite his long career, James Alexander Gordon (“Much loved voice of BBC’s Saturday soccer results service”, Obitiaries, August 23rd) never had occasion to read out the scoreline Manchester United 5 Liverpool 0. – Yours, etc,

RUAIRI McREYNOLDS,

Edenasop East,

Fintona, Co Tyrone.

Is it time to ask if policies and procedures in all sections of the public service have become so focused on management systems that the primary function of public service, namely to serve the needs of ‘the public’, has been compromised.

Surely the way in which a society is governed is a reflection of the importance our Government, local governments and our heads of public service place on their responsibilities to every citizen of the State?

Media coverage on issues relating to principal private residence taxes, health service inaccessibility, educational disadvantage, homelessness and many other social issues suggests that the systems, policies and procedures and legislation are the primary determinates of how people are treated.

I had always been reared to believe that leaders were people with vision and integrity. When issues were raised in all areas of social governance, I expected that those leaders would respond honestly and openly to provide the rationale for matters that affected ordinary people.

More and more, I have become disillusioned by the silence that seems to permeate the higher echelons of all those with leadership responsibilities

It is not acceptable that countless people are homeless in this country. It is even more unacceptable that Government and local councils claim to be unable to address this problem in a much shorter timeframe than currently proposed.

There are solutions, but only if our ‘leaders’ recognise the cancerous nature of this deprivation.

It is not acceptable that those in need have huge difficulties in accessing treatment in the public health service. It is not acceptable that access to education is becoming more dependent on economic status and that the notion of equal access for all has been erased.

It is not acceptable that the avoidance of admitting any liability for past injustices governs the responses of our public representatives and indeed the leaders of our public services. It is not acceptable that the rich get richer while the poor get poorer.

There are so many things in our society that are not acceptable and yet those who have been tasked to govern and lead, namely our Government, local councils and heads of the public service, take no responsibility and hide behind systems of governance, policies and procedures which they have constructed.

Fred Meaney, Dalkey, Co Dublin

Nash steps out of bounds

I think Junior Minister Ged Nash needs a quick lesson in political boundaries. Private sector employees’ wages are ultimately determined by the businesses that employ them, and should not be the concern of politicians.

The factors that shape such determinations are staggeringly varied, depending on the particular business in question. Interestingly, one significant influencing factor on wage levels in the economy is employment, and this determinant engages the straightforward economics of supply and demand.

If Mr Nash could take Jobs Minister Richard Bruton‘s lead and contribute ideas that may assist job-growth generally then perhaps he will be doing the State some service – after all, the greater the number of people at work, the higher average wages will be.

It is bewildering to see a Labour minister’s focus on increasing the wages of those people already lucky enough to be in employment at a time when unemployment is still exceptionally high.

Talking up the economy is all well and good, but it does little to put money into the pockets of struggling small and medium enterprises, the businesses that have to pay the wages. It might do the minister no harm to remember that.

Keith Winters, Riverview, Waterford

Perpetuating smoking

As someone who has worked for decades on policy measures to reduce the horrendous toll from smoking, it was a great pleasure to read Dr Ruairi Hanley’s column on e-cigarettes (Irish Independent, August 29), while I was in this country to drop my daughter off at medical school.

Those people, including some misinformed and misguided officials at WHO, who are seeking to put barriers in the way of a massively less hazardous replacement for smoking are perpetuating smoking.

As Dr Hanley points out, what we need are policies that encourage smokers to reduce their risks rather than the pursuit of an unscientific and inhumane abstinence-only campaign against nicotine. If his clear thinking and compassion for the people he treats is any indication of the views of the profession here, it reassures me that my daughter’s choice to study medicine in Ireland was a good one.

David Sweanor, Adjunct Professor of Law, University of Ottawa, Canada

Coalition needs a reality check

We have an official unemployment rate of more than 11pc in Ireland and continuing emigration of our talented young people, yet a big campaign for same-sex “marriage” is the Government’s priority for next year (Irish Independent, August 29)?

The current Government needs a further reality check.

John B Reid, Monkstown, Co Dublin

The cock-up to bonus ratio

I wish to ask your readers a simple question, one which they should be able to answer in less time than it takes to read this letter: do they think that Bank of Ireland CEO Richie Boucher’s next bonus will be affected by the recent cock-up over payment of wages to various account holders?

Brian Cosgrove, Cornelscourt, Dublin 18

Thank the taxpayer

A Dublin bus just passed me with an advertisement for a building society that reads “We wouldn’t have this house if it wasn’t for …”.

Wouldn’t it be nice to see a large billboard display on behalf of our Irish financial institutions that reads, “If it wasn’t for the Irish taxpayer, we wouldn’t have a business”.

How about it Enda? It would win some votes.

Darren Williams, Dublin 18

Coexistence in the Middle East

Siobhan O Connor’s article (Irish Independent, August 29) was inspiring and bold, especially as it comes at a crucial time when we hear about Christians being driven from their homes in droves in Iraq, and other minorities being humiliated and mistreated by Islamic extremists.

It is true that spirituality is seeing things more clearly and that it is through adversity that we gain strength. The recent bombardments of Gaza, and Western governments’ repressive policies in Iraq and Afghanistan, have undeniably inflamed tensions between a myriad of religious groups and cultures.

However, religions have always coexisted harmoniously with each other and the Middle East has always been a sanctuary for those fleeing religious persecution.

In Jordan, Christians constitute 7pc of the population. They were in Jordan 600 years before Muslims, making them the most ancient Christian community in the world.

They enjoy political, religious and social rights equal to Muslims, and their rights are safeguarded by the state and the law. They continue to play a leading role in interfaith harmony and all walks of life.

Even in Syria, Christians were safe for centuries. Armenians used to have al Arman neighbourhood (the Armenian quarter in the capital city, Damascus), where they prospered.

At the present time, Jordan is an oasis of stability, tranquillity and peace in a region ravaged with atrocities committed in the name of God.

Dr Munjed Farid Al Qutob, London, NW2

Irish Independent

Irish Independent:


Sydney Newman

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31 August 2014 Sydney Newman

I jog around the park I still have arthritis in my left knee, but I manage to get round the park. A wettish day. I post a box of boos

I bump in to Mary and she has a fall shes a little worse today, trout leg for tea and her back pain is a little better and she manages tea a table.

Obituary:

Klaus Zapf – obituary

Klaus Zapf was a multi-millionaire businessman who idolised Lenin, did his shopping at Aldi and said he lived on £60 a week

Klaus Zapf

Klaus Zapf Photo: DPA

7:15PM BST 29 Aug 2014

CommentsComments

Klaus Zapf, who has died of a heart attack aged 62, was a German entrepreneur known as the “King of Movers”. As the founder and co-owner of Zapf Umzuge, one of the largest relocation companies in Europe (with 60,000 customers each year), Zapf built up a multi-million-euro business empire and a personal fortune estimated at £10 million. The rewards of his endeavours, however, held little appeal: “I don’t need money,” he said. “It just makes us unequal.”

Zapf’s thrifty approach informed his domestic situation (he rented a modest flat) and living expenses: he was reported to have lived on approximately £240 a month. His prudence extended to shopping at Aldi and collecting empty bottles on which there was a return deposit. “There are just so many bloody idiots with money around,” he declared. “You don’t need another one.”

His appearance matched his frugal behaviour. He arrived at newspaper interviews and television talk shows wearing track suits, shorts and baseball caps. His ivory-white beard grew so long that it trailed off at an angle like a snow drift. Perhaps his only concession to style was a pair of chunky wraparound black glasses which only made him look like a tramp who had rummaged through the bins at Prada.

This was not, however, a pose or a simple lack of pride in appearance. At the heart of Zapf’s hippyish counter-culture image was a set of Left-wing ideals that had grown out of his studies at university in Berlin during the early 1970s. In later life Zapf’s anti-establishment instincts drove him to become what the German media termed a “professional plaintiff” — a litigious shareholder who repeatedly engages companies in protracted legal proceedings to extract substantial buy-offs. There are reported to be between 10 and 30 such plaintiffs active in Germany. Klaus Zapf sued various corporations, including Altana, Axel Springer, AXA, Intertainment Media and Karmann.

Fighting capitalism from within — armed with investments funded by the success of his own business — was the kind of action of which Zapf’s hero, Vladimir Lenin, would no doubt have approved. Zapf had a giant statue of the Russian revolutionary erected in the courtyard of his company’s headquarters in Berlin.

A sculpture of Lenin in the yard of the moving company Zapf in Berlin

Klaus Emil Heinrich Zapf was born on May 17 1952 at Bad Rappenau in the German state of Baden-Württemberg. In the early 1970s he moved from Eppingen to Berlin in a bid to avoid military service (men resident within its boundaries were exempt) and studied Law at the Free University of Berlin. It was there that he was reported to have become “deeply involved” in Left-wing politics and a follower of Rudi Dutschke, the Marxist sociologist and spokesman for the West German student movement of the 1960s.

During his time as a student Zapf worked in bars and as a labourer. It was while moving furniture that he first thought of setting up his own removals company — he dropped out of university to found Zapf Umzuge in 1975. He never obtained a driving licence, and in the early years he did the loading and unloading while others drove their decrepit old Transit van. “Here the delusions of grandeur are healed every day,” he said of his company.

He set up a central logistics depot in Berlin on the hunch that the country’s capital would move there from Bonn after unification in 1990. It was a shrewd move. Zapf Umzuge now has offices in 14 locations and their blue-and-yellow vans have become ubiquitous in Germany.

Zapf once described the firm as “West Berlin’s best removals collective”, while the signage on his vans boasted “Zapf Removals — Owned by the Employees”. Socialist principles were maintained: employees benefited from a profit-share scheme and customers from working-class districts were offered a reduced rate. However, Zapf clearly appeared uncomfortable with success, describing himself as belonging to the “proletarian elite”.

His later legal actions led to criticism from many commentators in the financial world. A spokesman for SdK (a German association for small shareholders) claimed that so-called “professional plaintiffs” were driven by greed and “a perverse passion for tribunals” rather than by ideology. Zapf was accused of “abusing the law” during one such case (in 2008, against Nanoinvest).

Zapf claimed that he identified with August, the protagonist of a trilogy of novels by the Norwegian author Knut Hamsun: “August is a tireless navigator and braggart,” said Zapf. “He satirised the economic world, which was fine by me.” In an interview earlier this year Zapf said that his “last move will be to the cemetery in Eppingen”.

Zapf, who married three times, died from a heart attack on his third honeymoon. He is survived by his wife, an astrologer, Ingrid Reimold, and a daughter.

Klaus Zapf, born May 17 1952, died August 20 2014

Guardian:

A laboratory rat used in animal testing. Photograph: JG Photography /Alamy

Your excellent article “Could tech end animal-based drugs testing?” (New Review) underlines why new medicines are still tested on animals, namely the courtroom argument: “Would you be happy standing up in a court of law to explain why you hadn’t tested this drug on animals?”

A landmark study published last month shows that apparent safety in animal tests provides no assurance of human safety. Adverse drug reactions (ADRs) kill hundreds of thousands of people every year and hospitalise millions. The belief that “animal tests are the best we have” is revealed as unfounded and dangerous.

New technologies can predict subtle risks that animal tests cannot. Many are already available and could be saving lives. Governments should replace mandatory animal-testing requirements with an obligation to use the most reliably proved methods available. Patients would benefit, health services would save billions, animals would be spared and pharmaceutical companies could develop safer medicines at a fraction of current unsustainable time and costs.

Kathy Archibald director, Safer Medicines Trust, Kingsbridge; Dr Kelly BéruBé director, Lung & Particle Research Group, Cardiff University; Dr Bob Coleman UK science director, Safer Medicines Trust; Professor Michael Coleman School of Life and Health Sciences, Aston University

Professor Chris Foster Emeritus Professor of Pathology, Liverpool University and Medical Director, HCA Pathology Laboratories

Professor Barbara Pierscionek Associate Dean of Research and Enterprise, Kingston University Faculty of Science, Engineering and Computing

Professor Gareth Sanger Blizard Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London

Dr Katya Tsaioun US Science Director, Safer Medicines Trust

Professor Sir Ian Wilmut Centre for Regenerative Medicine, University of Edinburgh

A tribute to foreign troops

I forwarded David Olusoga’s article about non-European troops in the First World War (“Foreign fighters tell us a different story from the trenches“, Comment) to my 93-year-old father. I think his response speaks for itself: “Very good article. A similar attitude prevails, not quite as widely, about World War Two. But not with many people like myself who fought alongside Dominion and Colonial troops. I will never forget my days in support of the 5th Indian Brigade, putting tank 75mm gunfire down on German positions as a battalion of Sikhs passed through us to attack the high ground. They smiled and waved.  Some 30 minutes later, as we began to follow them in, their stretcher bearers were returning laden with their dead and seriously wounded. No one like me will ever have anything but a deep feeling of comradeship and equality for these great soldiers. The same feelings reside for ever about New Zealanders, Australians, South, East and West Africans, Rhodesians, Canadians and many from smaller countries too.”

Duncan Toms

Glasgow

Understanding mental illness

I’m delighted that Elizabeth Day (“Why do we talk of the ‘stigma’ of mental illness“, Comment) sees the stigma of mental illness receding. I contributed to Stigma Shout in 2008, a piece of research that found stigma and discrimination widespread amongst employers, friends and family and institutions such as the NHS. Then, nine in 10 people with mental health problems reported its negative impact on their lives.

The report helped launch Time to Change, a campaign led by people with direct experience of the problem. The campaign has had a big impact, with stigma becoming less of a problem for many as a result of so many more people talking about their experiences and so many more people refusing to accept discrimination.

It would be a great shame if we stopped talking and stopped demanding now, just because things have got a little bit better.

Paul Corry

Liverpool

Don’t hide behind the shutter

I enjoyed John Naughton’s fascinating but indulgent article on the history of the Leica camera (“Me and my Leica“, New Review).

But when I looked at his photo of the small, despondent Irish boy in a caravan park in Kerry I was also despondent when I read Naughton’s rationale for taking the picture. Nobody wanted to play football with him but Naughton saw it as a photo-opportunity and his picture as a “metaphor” for the EU austerity regime imposed on Ireland.

Sometimes, life makes demands on you and observing it from behind a camera lens, even if it’s a Leica, is not enough. Naughton should have put down his camera and kicked a football with the boy.

Simon Newton

York

Go with the flow of the fauna

Efforts to curb invasive species spark battle in the countryside” (News) led me to wonder not merely whether we are countering the threat of invasive species in the right way, but whether we should actually be doing it at all. Throughout the history of life on Earth, new species have been colonising parts of the planet to which they are suited.  That has sometimes involved displacing other species.  This process is perfectly normal and is usually known as natural selection.

The likelihood is that if we insist on preserving native species at the expense of all potential newcomers, we will end up with flora and fauna unsuited to our environment, particularly at this present time of rapid climate change.

The reality is that we should be welcoming or at least accepting the ingress of species better suited to the UK’s changed environment than (current) native species as one of the tools to help us respond to climate change.

Richard Williams

Kingston upon Thames

Surrey

East Coast trains at York station. Photograph: Christopher Thomond for the Observer

Will Hutton is bang on the money – “Stop fleecing passengers: bring the trains back under public control” (Comment). He will be pleased to know that the Green party has as its policy exactly what he is calling for: renationalising the railways. We favour bringing the railways back into public control by the economical means of simply waiting for the current franchises to lapse and then taking them at that time back into state hands. That way, the surplus that the East Coast Mainline is delivering for taxpayers will be replicated across the network and we won’t have to put up with the penny-pinching profiteering that characterises Britain’s trains at present.

Even at busy times, most train operators in most of Britain’s stations that have ticket barriers will not “open up” those ticket barriers even if some of the ticket gates are malfunctioning and even if they have insufficient staff to man them.

This happens because the company doesn’t seem to care a jot about passengers having to queue pointlessly for the privilege merely of getting on to and off the platforms.

All it cares about is the bottom line; it has evidently calculated (though perhaps wrongly) that the money it saves on cutting staff and not maintaining ticket gates in good working order is more than the money it loses from continually royally pissing off passengers in this way.

Rupert Read

Green party national transport spokesman, Norwich

Will Hutton is wrong to claim that train companies are nothing more than “short-term value extractors”.

He misses the point that under the current public/private partnership in rail, train operator profits have fallen in real terms from £270m in 1997-98 to £250m in 2012-13, which represents an average operating margin now below 3%. Over the same period, money paid by operators to government to reinvest in services has increased fivefold from £390m to £1.96bn. In fact, 97% of the fares people pay go back into the railway to help pay for more and better services as part of one of the biggest periods of sustained rail investment.

In addition, train companies, among them Virgin Trains, pay UK tax on profits. A recent report into rail industry finances prepared by economic consultants Oxera found that the railway and its supply chain pay £3.9bn a year in tax, offsetting nearly all of the £4bn the government provides to support train operations.

Far from being a “costly debacle”, Britain’s unique public/private partnership approach to running the railway has helped create a renaissance in rail travel. Annual passenger journey numbers have doubled over the last 15 years.

Michael Roberts

Director general of the Rail Delivery Group

London EC1A

Will Hutton notes that the right to run privatised monopoly railway services “had to be” temporary, with periodic competition for the renewal of each franchise. But when the other monopoly service, water supply, was privatised there was no such provision. This was never a nationalised service, most of its assets having been the fruit of vigorous local authority enterprise, sometimes when private companies had proved unable to cope with growing demand. Those assets are now the permanent property of companies, many in foreign ownership.

Moreover, there have been proposals for “water shares”, an arrangement under which the companies would also become part “owners” of  our natural resource, the water catchments to which they have hitherto had access  under licences that can be revoked in whole or part. It is difficult to see the purpose of this other than to make effective regulation and future change virtually impossible. When privatisation took place, the previous merger of licensee and regulator  was wisely seen to be inappropriate under private ownership. But this would be a major step in that direction and should not be permitted to happen.

Barry Rydz

Corsham

Wiltshire

Independent:

More than 100 years ago one of Scotland’s proudest and most principled sons, Keir Hardie, became the Member of Parliament for Merthyr Tydfil, a constituency at the heart of the South Wales valleys’ mining community. He was not Welsh and did not even speak Welsh but he did share a socialist dream that did not stop or begin at national borders.

He went on to change the face of British politics but he also taught us that there is more that unites us than what can ever divide us… that unity is strength and that we are stronger together and weaker apart.

As a proud Brit and Welshman I urge Scotland to keep sending more Scottish working class heroes, like Hardie, to our British Parliament.

Rob Curtis

Barry, South Wales

A question which seems neither to have been asked of nor answered by Alistair Darling and which may influence voting intentions: If Scotland votes for independence, would you stand for the new Scottish parliament or would you find an English, Welsh or Northern Irish seat?

John Hein

Edinburgh

In every war in which Britain has participated since 1707, Scotland has made a military contribution greatly above her due and fair share. (DJ Taylor, 24 August). This fact is never mentioned by war historians.

In the First World War at the Battle of Arras 38 Scottish battalions went over the parapets, a larger number then engaged than in the whole British Army at Waterloo. At the Third Battle of Ypres three Scottish Divisions were put in several times and never failed to perform the tasks required of them. In 1917, a South African artilleryman remarked, “We always knew there was something big on when we found the Jocks near us.”

Donald J MacLeod

Aberdeen

I have never understood why politicians succumb to requests, such as having cold water poured over them, that make them look ridiculous or, as in sleeping in a box on the South Bank for one night, is patronising to those in need (“Congratulation, Mr President”, 24 August).

In a bygone age, when I worked at Liberal Party HQ, I was occasionally asked to get the then party leader, Jo Grimond, to undertake some such “photo opportunity” and he would always refuse, saying, “Politics is too important for gimmicks.” It still is!

Michael Meadowcroft

Leeds

May I suggest an answer to Stan Labovitch’s excellent question (Letters, 3 August)? I believe people only protest when they believe they may have some chance of success. Israel is a democracy founded by people from Europe with European values; we expect more from them than from Isis, who are antidemocratic; we believe Israel fundamentally shares our values; that being so, we hope that Israel will listen; that hope seems vain with Isis.

John Dakin

Dunstable, Bedfordshire

Michael Calvin asks, “Will it happen?” in relation to stopping the abuse of people from minorities by authority figures in football (Sport, 24 August). He answers his question with: “Not while intolerable attitudes are tolerated, and silence screams a warning to anyone who yearns for common decency.” Michael, why not have the courage, together with the powers that be at your paper, to name the offenders you refer to? You are as guilty as all the rest.

Steve Brewer

Leeds, West Yorkshire

We are really deep into the silly season when a headline reports that a Lib Dem living in Eastbourne helped Lib Dem candidates standing in, err, Eastbourne (“Lord Rennard campaigned while under investigation”, 24 August). If Chris Rennard had visited my patch in May I would have had pleasure in giving him a bundle of leaflets and I would have left him “alone” on the streets with a volunteer to show him where the letterboxes are in this old town.

Keith Watts

Whitchurch, Hampshire

Times:

(CORBIS)

CITIZENSHIP LESSONS FOR IMAMS WILL HELP TACKLE EXTREMISM

THE extremist acts we see perpetrated today by Isis, or Islamic State, are the result of two decades of government failure to see the menace of the violent behaviour of certain Muslim groups. The signatories to the letter you published (“We must unite to stop the march of Isis”, Letters, last week) also fail to understand this challenge.

The takeover of schools, the contamination of local democracies and the promotion of an anti-British agenda did not happen overnight.

What is needed to put a brake on this fast-moving juggernaut is a programme of integration for Muslim communities. Imams should take mandatory courses to connect them to British society, and all 1,600 mosques should be brought under some formal central control.
Akbar Dad Khan
Building Bridges UK, Luton

ACTIONS LOUDER THAN WORDS

One can only applaud the publication of the letter signed by many representatives of the Muslim community, but what action will follow the fine words? Will the police and the army be flooded with applications from Muslim youths?

Or will local constabularies and the military have to bear the brunt of a problem not of their making?
Ian Snowden
Clitheroe, Lancashire

NOT OUR FIGHT

The West is once again in danger of getting mixed up in a religious war, an intervention for which it will never be thanked. We should do no more than offer humanitarian aid. The problem of Isis should be dealt with by Muslim forces from countries such as Turkey, Iran and Saudi Arabia.

There is also no real reason why the existing borders of Iraq and Syria should remain unchanged. As for the British terrorists, the old sanction of exile should be resurrected for anyone identified as having held arms for or given support to Isis. There is no point in locking these people up or trying to reason with them. They are thugs.

Finally, the media should give less oxygen of publicity and air of glamour to these people. The West ought to be far more concerned about events in eastern Europe.
David Stone
Petersfield, Hampshire

SPECIAL RELATIONSHIP

The reported aim of the armed-forces redundancy scheme is to cut the regular army from 100,000 personnel to 82,000 and to expand the Territorial Army to 30,000 part-timers. Surely a strategic rethink is required in view of increasing terrorist threats around the world, including in the Middle East and parts of Africa.

Should we not be expanding our special forces and utilising more of their unconventional approach, experience and flexibility to meet the new challenges? America and France have recognised this and have been extending the operational capabilities of their elite troops for some time.
Peter Macnab
Brussels, Belgium

DIVIDE AND RULE

It hardly seems feasible that the Sunni Muslims can be won over to an inclusive Iraq after all that has happened. The prospect of a unified state being formed is minimal, given the commitment of the Kurds to hold a referendum for seceding from Iraq.

Isis is perhaps right about one thing, and that is that the Sykes-Picot agreement’s ordering of the Middle East almost a century ago has outlived any usefulness.
Dr Chris Lamb
Bristol

STAY OF EXECUTION

Is it not time to stop using the term “ execution” in reporting on the brutal murder of hostages and others by terrorists? The word refers to the lawful carrying-out of a sentence passed by a court of law. Its misuse lends the terrorists a veneer of legality. They are committing murder and it should be called that.
Robert Faulkner
Alton, Hampshire

CIVIL WRONGS

Can America try to teach the rest of the world how to live in a civilised manner when it has police shooting apparently innocent civilians who are demonstrating over their unequal lives?
Clive Jacobs
Aldenham, Hertfordshire

Senior army officers are fighting-fit for purpose
I AM an army brigadier in my last few weeks of service. I am one of the many who did not attempt the two fitness tests, but I remain exceptionally fit for my age of 49 (“At ease, general? Top brass dodge army fitness test”, News, last week).

Last weekend I did a five-kilometre run — just over three miles — in 20 minutes and 52 seconds, I recently finished the Edinburgh marathon in 4 hours and 20 minutes and I have completed the Royal Marines endurance course twice in the past year with trainee commandos. Most — but admittedly not all — of those in my peer group are fit and more than able to do the job.

Senior officers often have to fit in their exercise early in the morning before scheduled sessions. My staff booked me in for the test at least three times, and each time some compelling operational priority took me away. However, it is worth remembering that once over the age of 40 we are employed for our intellect, experience and leadership ability rather than our fitness.

Reasonable fitness is required but we are not the ones leading platoon attacks. General Sir Peter Wall is an inspiring leader who has steered the army through significant downsizing with great skill. I seem to recall he was a rugby second row; they were never the quickest across the pitch, but you would not wish to be tackled by him.
Allan Thomson
Andover, Hampshire

GETTING PHYSICAL

In response to the article by Mark Hookham and Sean Rayment (a former colleague), might I politely point out that Wall (another former colleague) attempted and passed pre-parachute selection — known as P Company — one of the toughest military fitness tests around? I did so too at the age of 18. Throughout my 37 years of military service it was a matter of self-discipline that physical fitness would be maintained at all times. This was proven beyond any doubt during the Falklands War in 1982.

I suspect that the majority of those senior officers you quote as not having taken part in the fitness test are of the same ilk — just too busy to complete the test. Now 60, I continue in this vein, running for about an hour every day with my dogs, with 30 press-ups en route and 30 sit-ups as “afters”. That number will rise by one next year on my 61st, and so on.
Colonel David Benest (retired)
Pewsey, Wiltshire

OUT OF SHAPE

Your article only scratches the surface of the problem. In Afghanistan the lack of fitness among senior British Army ranks was frequently derided by their American opposites. Incidentally, the claim that some exemptions from the personal fitness assessment are granted on medical grounds is moonshine.
Colonel Barry Clayton (retired)
Thornton-Cleveleys, Lancashire

HOSPITALS GUILTY OF DELAYING EARLY CANCER DIAGNOSES

I commend your campaign to improve the earlier diagnosis of cancer (“Hunt pledges cash for hi-tech cancer therapy”, News, last week). However, I am concerned that your emphasis on delays by patients and GPs potentially misses delays by hospitals. My father’s bowel cancer was diagnosed less than two weeks before he died last month. He had been referred promptly by his GP but the surgeon dismissed his symptoms. My father got steadily worse over two months and it proved extremely difficult, despite strenuous efforts by his GP and me, to get a second consultant opinion. It took two emergency admissions before my father was eventually seen by a consultant, who organised the appropriate test the same day. It showed bowel cancer, but by then it was inoperable. He died less than two weeks later.
Catherine Harper, London SE24

BOOSTING RADIOTHERAPY FUNDS VITAL TO CANCER FIGHT

The additional £6m for research in advanced radiotherapy is welcome (“A step towards ending the cancer diagnosis lottery”, Editorial, last week) but patients and policy makers should be aware of the limitations of this initiative. The sum compares unfavourably with the recent £160m boost to the cancer drugs fund. Radiotherapy contributes to a cure in a significantly greater proportion of cancer patients than does chemotherapy, so the balance of investment may be wrong. Sustained investment is required both in research and in the implementation of advanced radiotherapy techniques.
Giles Maskell, President, Royal College of Radiologists

Points
SAFE BET

So Lord O’Donnell thinks the British government isn’t planning sufficiently for the possibility of Scotland leaving the union after next month’s vote (“Ministers ‘blind on Scotland’”, News, last week). Perhaps it has seen the odds I obtained from the bookmaker. It was 2-11 on a “no” vote. This suggests to me that independence just isn’t going to happen. Does the bookmaking fraternity often get it that wrong, especially in a two-horse race?
Hugh Pearson
Kenilworth, Warwickshire

BEST-LAID PLANS

O’Donnell is right: UK government ministers should remove their heads from the sand and consider the practical implications — not least for defence policy and the nuclear deterrent — of a possible “yes” result. Not to do so seems extraordinarily irresponsible. Hope for the best, but prepare for the worst.
Tony Rossiter
Leyburn, North Yorkshire

ON THE OFFENSIVE

Camilla Long castigates football chiefs for writing about “awesome jiggly knockers”and “big-titted broads” yet admires Cecil Beaton’s style in describing Elizabeth Taylor’s “huge, pendulous bosoms” as “hanging and huge, like those of a peasant suckling her young in Peru” (“Here’s my post-match analysis, Malky. Lay off the ‘banter’”, Comment, last week). How are the comments by the “delicate” photographer less offensive than those of “the appalling people who run football”?
Luke Dixon
London W1

GOD PARTICLE

Oh, the delicious irony. Harry Cliff, a particle physicist at Cambridge, knows the Big Bang should have wiped out everything yet believes he hasn’t found any evidence that God exists (A Life in the Day, Magazine, last week).
Nick Beecham
Hockley, Essex

MUSIC CLASS

Giving a child a musical instrument is the easy part; giving them a musical education is much harder (“Jamie to beat the drum for school music”, News, August 17). We train music-college students to become teachers: imagine Teach First but for music. In my experience young musicians deserve to be paid and trained specifically in how to teach, as their core training at music colleges is not teaching but performing. At London Music Masters we teach hundreds of children with excellent results. Our investment in two Lambeth primary schools has enabled several children to win multiple scholarships to secondary schools and music academies. We are immensely grateful for all the donated instruments but the crucial thing is the quality of the tuition, and that it is provided throughout their primary education and beyond.
Robert Adediran
London Music Masters
London SE11

OFF CAMERA

Your five examples of novels by John le Carré that have been made into films contain a huge omission (“Le Carré on screen”, Magazine, last week). Based on le Carre’s book Call for the Dead, the 1966 film The Deadly Affair starred James Mason, Maximilian Schell and Simone Signoret, plus an excellent supporting cast. This very good production has never received the credit it was due, as illustrated by its unfortunate absence from your list.
Michael Dixon
Sunderland

FIRST IN LINE

Charles Clover’s advice that drying clothes on a washing line in the garden is environmentally friendly surely qualifies for Basil Fawlty’s degree in the bleeding obvious (“A washing line gets your clothes and green credentials whiter than white”, Comment, last week). My neighbours and I have never even thought about buying tumble dryers. And the exercise we get from running to fetch the clothes in when it rains keeps us warm too.
Sylvia Crookes
Bainbridge, North Yorkshire

Complaints about inaccuracies in all sections of The Sunday Times, including online, should be addressed to editor@sunday-times.co.uk or The Editor, The Sunday Times, 1 London Bridge Street, London SE1 9GF. In addition, the Press Complaints Commission (complaints@pcc.org.uk or 020 7831 0022) examines formal complaints about the editorial content of UK newspapers and magazines (and their websites)

Birthdays
Martin Bell, journalist and politician, 75; Todd Carty, actor, 51; Roger Dean, illustrator, 70; Richard Gere, actor, 65; Debbie Gibson, singer, 44; Clive Lloyd, cricketer, 70; Van Morrison, musician, 69; Edwin Moses, hurdler, 59; Itzhak Perlman, violinist, 69; Queen Rania of Jordan, 44; Glenn Tilbrook, musician, 57

Anniversaries
1888 murder of Mary Ann Nichols, first victim of Jack the Ripper; 1957 Federation of Malaya (now Malaysia) gains independence from the UK; 1968 Garfield Sobers hit six sixes in an over, the first to do so in first-class cricket; 1997 car crashes in Paris tunnel, killing Diana, Princess of Wales, Dodi Fayed and their driver, Henri Paul

Telegraph:

Shaun Wright has refused to step down as PCC despite pressure from all political parties Photo: Ross Parry

6:58AM BST 30 Aug 2014

CommentsComments

SIR – The Home Secretary is right to condemn social workers, council bosses and police chiefs who failed in their duty to protect the children of Rotherham.

To prevent such blatant neglect of duty ever happening again, those deemed culpable should not just be allowed to resign and effectively get away with it; they should be forcibly sacked and any pension accrued severely reduced.

Only with such draconian measures will those in authority throughout the country be incentivised not to sweep things under the carpet in future.

B J Colby
Bristol

SIR – This year alone we have had the export of extremism, the Trojan horse affair in education in Birmingham, and now the horrors of Rotherham – all because of a reticence, or even fear, of treading on the sensibilities of ethnic minorities.

This has come about as a direct result of the determination in the last three decades to establish multiculturalism: the notion that all cultures are equal, that there is no such thing as a host-nation culture to which all foreign-comers should be prepared to adapt.

It is now surely obvious, even to the most hardened ideologue of the Left, that the process has been an abject failure.

Edward Thomas
Eastbourne, East Sussex

Out-of-control borders

SIR – I was not surprised to read the headline “UK border controls in chaos”.

I recently came across an encampment of tents and at least 15 young Asian men in a hidden area of Fryent Country Park in Middlesex. They were not pleased to be seen and only one man appeared to understand English.

Suspecting they were illegal immigrants, I contacted the police. I was told to contact Immigration Services, where there was no response on Sunday and, once I got through on Monday, no option to report finding immigrants.

Perhaps if the public was encouraged or even allowed to report illegal immigrants, they would be less keen to come here in the first place.

Dr R E Alexander
London NW9

SIR – We have been hearing about chaos in border control for years. Unlike most countries, Britain does not require passport checks upon departure, so we have no idea how many people who came in on valid tourist visas have overstayed. This is utterly ridiculous.

Ramji Abinashi
Amersham, Buckinghamshire

No avoiding Assad

SIR – The Foreign Secretary is reluctant to join forces with Bashar al-Assad to fight Isil, but in 1942, when Hitler invaded Russia, we made a pact with Stalin. Winston Churchill said he would make a pact with the Devil if Hitler invaded Hell.

Churchill was right then. Philip Hammond is wrong now.

Frank Tomlin
Billericay, Essex

So long, seagulls

SIR – I feel it necessary to point out that gull control methods successfully pioneered by Dumfries and Galloway Council over the last six years have related not to egg pricking, but nest and egg removal.

This method has been closely monitored by an independent expert and representatives of the Scottish government and Scottish Natural Heritage. The removal of several thousand eggs and subsequent disturbance to breeding gulls is now beginning to produce the desired results.

There is a cost to this service and it is reliant on easy access to buildings and the cooperation of property owners, but we believe it is the only non-lethal way of controlling this increasing problem.

Martin G Taylor
Environmental Health Services, Dumfries and Galloway Council
Dumfries

SIR – R J Ardern calls for stricter controls of gulls, but it is humans who are mostly at fault. The 1956 Clean Air Act prevented rubbish-tip operators burning waste, so gulls took advantage of the huge amount of organic material sent to landfill instead.

We can deter seagulls by reducing the amount we throw away, preventing street littering, and making public waste bins and collection arrangements “gull-proof”. Those best placed to do this are landfill companies, local authorities and statutory bodies with a wildlife management remit, but the behaviour of individuals is also important.

All bar one of the British gull species are of amber-listed conservation concern. The herring gull – to many, the sound of our seaside – is a red-listed species and its population is still plummeting. Can we imagine a British coastline devoid of its evocative calls?

Ed Hutchings
Stoke-by-Nayland, Essex

Burn it, don’t waste it

SIR – Burning waste in special incinerators prevents noxious fumes from entering the atmosphere and generates electricity, lessening the amount of fossil fuels that need to be extracted from the ground. The ash left behind is also a valuable commodity, containing elements that can be re-used in industry.

Land is too valuable to use for landfill sites. We should be building more waste incinerators as well as continuing to sell our valuable waste overseas.

Sue Doughty
Twyford, Berkshire

Scottish civil service mantras sound Soviet

SIR – The politicisation of the civil service in Scotland is a worrying trend.

Scottish government ministers’ wearisome and meaningless mantra that independence will make the country “a freer and more just society” is totally at odds with their policy of making government function as “a single institution”, and smacks of the authoritarian regimes which rule some of the former Soviet republics. It’s a grim prospect of what Scotland could be letting itself in for if there isn’t a resounding No vote in the forthcoming referendum.

Peter Myers
Oldmeldrum, Aberdeenshire

SIR – I would like to ask Alex Salmond: 1) Would an independent Scotland divorce itself from any further UK involvement in conflicts in the Middle East, and 2) Could an independent Scotland succeed where the UK has so dismally failed in securing its borders and limiting immigration?

If his answer to these questions was “yes”, and I was a Scot, I would vote for independence, irrespective of economic considerations.

John Cottrell
Addlestone, Surrey

SIR – You state that “the final decision whether or not Scotland leaves the Union is, rightly, left in the hands of the Scottish people” Who are these Scottish people?

I was born and educated in Glasgow and have lived in England for many years. I have always considered myself to be a Scot who is a citizen of the United Kingdom. How is it possible that someone from Outer Mongolia who moved to Scotland in the last few years has a vote, but I don’t?

Derek Leithead
West Byfleet, Surrey

Basic clichés

SIR — The use of “So” to begin the answer to a question is undeniably irritating, but less so than its predecessor, the excruciatingly clichéd “Well, basically”.

T G Jones
Pinner, Middlesex

SIR – Why do people ask, when buying a drink in a pub, “Can I get a pint of…?” The bar staff are there to get your drink for you.

Andy Watson
Cheltenham, Gloucestershire

SIR – I should have thought that for someone emigrating to France to say “See you later” was most appropriate (Letters, August 24).

What on earth does Jane Scott think “Au revoir” means?

Dave Day
Aylesbury, Buckinghamshire

Police station in Rotherham, South Yorkshire Photo: Getty

6:58AM BST 30 Aug 2014

CommentsComments

SIR – The men who abused children in Rotherham are criminals, irrespective of their race, culture or creed, and the full force of the justice system needs to deal with them for their heinous crimes.

Child protection should be paramount. No one should ever fail to act for fear of being seen as racist. The Rotherham report says that “almost all” abusers were Asian. This is undeniable and no community should shirk its responsibility to protect children.

However, abuse takes place in every town, city and community. We must not focus solely on one model of exploitation, and miss exploitation if the perpetrators or victims don’t fit one profile of race, gender or geography. In a recent study by Barnardo’s, almost one third in a group of sexually exploited young people supported by the charity since 2008 were male.

We will continue to work with communities and the authorities on behalf of the victims of this terrible crime.

Javed Khan
Chief Executive, Barnardo’s
Ilford, Essex

SIR – When clergy, youth leaders and private individuals commit child abuse, any public organisations to which they belong are hauled into the media spotlight. When the abusers are gangs of Asian men, why does no one question the mosque authorities or other local community leaders?

Dr Allan Chapman
Oxford

SIR – Everybody is directing a lot of justified anger at officials in Rotherham.

Much of that effort would be better aimed at dealing with those who actually carried out the crimes.

Robert Mason
Witney, Oxfordshire

Assisting physicians

SIR – America has had physician associates (Letters, August 25) for many years now – called physician assistants there – and they have proved to be a valuable asset to doctors, and to be popular with patients.

They do not take on the role of junior doctors, but practise within a very specific area of expertise, and always under the supervision of a specialist consultant. Because of their narrow area of practice, they become extremely skilled. In America, after initial scepticism, they have gained much respect from colleagues and patients.

Audrey Taylor
Former member, Royal College of Physicians Patient and Carer Group
Newcastle upon Tyne

Centenary seeds

SIR – Alison Savage (Letters, August 27) remembered the Great War through sewing, and we by sowing. We planted our paddock at the bottom of the churchyard in Lechlade with poppies to commemorate the centenary of the First World War and hope all who stop take a moment to reflect on those who gave their lives.

Valmai Bunkham
Lechlade, Gloucestershire

All in the family

SIR – My wife regularly takes her 96-year-old father to do his shopping at Sainsbury’s in Christchurch. As she searches for a parking place, she often wonders if their relationship entitles them to park in the nice, wide, “parent and child” slots.

As yet, she has not plucked up the courage to try it out. But, if challenged, it would be hard to argue with the semantics.

Alan Wiseman
Plush, Dorset

Russia in Ukraine

SIR – For those that read European history there must be a certain feeling of déjà vu.

Sadly the reactions of both David Cameron and Barack Obama to Russian aggression in Ukraine make Chamberlain look positively belligerent.

Matt Minshall
King’s Lynn, Norfolk

SIR – “Back down or else, Putin”. Or else what, Mr Cameron?

Jeremy Mallin
Solihull, Warwickshire

British jihadists

SIR – Lance Warrington (Letters, August 28) proposes that British citizens guilty of terrorist offences should be stripped of their citizenship and deported. To which country would they be deported, and why would it feel obliged to accept them?

William Furness
Glastonbury, Somerset

Getting heavy

SIR – When I asked for six European 20g letter stamps from the Post Office counter at our local shop, I was told that they could not be sold in multiples for me to take home, as I “just might slip a bar of chocolate” into the envelope and try to pass it off as a 20g letter.

Apparently every overseas letter now has to be weighed in the Post Office.

Rev Martin Oram
Stoke-on-Trent, Staffordshire

Airport queue status

SIR – Arriving at Kingsford-Smith airport in Sydney I joined an immigration channel for e-passport citizens from “Australia, UK, New Zealand and the US”.

When I arrive at Heathrow in November will I be greeted by a reciprocal access channel or, as an Australian citizen, will I still be treated as second-class in comparison to EU citizens?

Chris Watson
Lumut, Perak, Malaysia

Dancing in the aisles

SIR – It’s not just gyms that have noisy music (Letters, August 28). I recently went to the Prestwich branch of Tesco to do some contemplative late-night shopping. I couldn’t – it was like a disco with shelving.

Stephen O’Loughlin
Huddersfield, West Yorkshire

A sick invite that sanctions the use of words

SIR – Where have all the invitations gone? I have received only invites in recent years.

John Corbyn
Birmingham

SIR – I still laugh at a letter I received from a high street bank offering me a refund as a goodwill jester.

Margarete Isherwood
Leamington Spa, Warwickshire

SIR – Tim Nixon reminds us that wicked has diametrically opposite meanings (Letters, August 29). In the language of the young, sick is used to indicate delight more often than to denote illness.

Paul Cheater
Litton Cheney, Dorset

SIR – The word dust, when used as a verb, can mean both the application of a powder or its removal. As a noun, it is the powder itself. The context alone reveals the meaning.

William R McQueen
Isle of Bute

SIR – Sanction: to allow and to disallow.

Michael Cattell
Mollington, Cheshire

SIR – I apsolutely agree with the sentiments expressed in letters regarding the over-use of words.

Andrew Blake
Shalbourne, Wiltshire

SIR – Surely, surely.

Simon Hull
Newmarket, Suffolk

What would Robert do? The poet is honoured with a statue in George Square, Glasgow  Photo: John McGovern/Alamy

6:59AM BST 30 Aug 2014

CommentsComments

SIR – Much as I enjoyed Matthew Maxwell Scott’s article, I must question his belief that Robert Burns would have supported Alex Salmond.

There is no question that Burns was a proud and fervent Scot. He illustrated that in many of his works, no more so than in a letter to Elizabeth Scott, in which he explains that when weeding in the fields, he spared the thistle, the symbol of Scotland, and that he knew no higher praise than to have been born a Scot.

However, Burns was also an Excise man and, as such, a government employee. He understood the ramifications of attacking the hand that fed him and became a member of the Dumfries Volunteers, an early home-guard unit formed to combat the threat of an invasion by Napoleon’s forces. He wrote a poem about the Volunteers:

O, let us not, like snarling tykes in wrangling be divided; / Till, slap! come in an unco’ loon and wi’ a rung decide it./ Be Britain still to Britain true, amang oursels united; / For never but by British hands maun British wrangs be righted.

George Wilkie
Hemingford Grey, Huntingdonshire

Bob Hoskins, seen here in the 1978 BBC drama Pennies from Heaven, began his career in repertory theatre 

6:59AM BST 30 Aug 2014

CommentsComments

SIR – As a secondary modern boy who worked his way up through the theatre ranks to become director of the Council of Regional Theatre and then moved into management at the BBC, I fully endorse what Ben Stephenson, head of BBC drama commissioning, had to say about the acting profession not reflecting the real world.

Back in the days when we had repertory theatres, the true training grounds for the country’s actors, in every major city and town, people from all sectors of society took to the boards. In those days we could all see the eventual effect that television would have on the acting profession: not only a diminishing theatre audience, but a siphoning-off of local talent, thus making the theatre more reliant on those who could afford to have expensive drama training.

It is a sad state of affairs when a majority of our actors come from the so-called “posh” schools as this skews what should be an egalitarian profession appealing to a broad cross-section of the population.

The simple answer is for both television and the cinema to fund scholarships so we do not miss out on the Dora Bryans and the Bob Hoskinses of the future.

Vin Harrop
Billericay, Essex

Former attorney general Dominic Grieve believes Britain has fallen victim to an ‘aggressive form of secularism’ 

7:00AM BST 30 Aug 2014

CommentsComments

SIR – Dominic Grieve, the former attorney general, warns that Britain is at risk of being “sanitised” of its faith because an “aggressive form of secularism” is forcing Christians to hide their beliefs. He is right – but who would have predicted that an atheist hegemony would be established under a Conservative-led government anxious to rid itself of the “nasty” label?

As the world stands aghast at the horrific outcomes of Islamic State’s religious cleansing policy in Iraq, do Conservative leaders still think that eliminating Christian influence on British culture will bring untold benefits to the nation? So far it has given us same-sex marriage and the prospect of assisted suicide.

Ann Farmer
Woodford Green, Essex

SIR – Even if it were true that “aggressive secularism” is trying to “push faith out of the public space”, it has not been very successful.

Only a fortnight ago, the Bishop of Leeds’s criticism of the Government’s policy on Iraq made front-page headlines simply because of his clerical status, as did Lord Carey’s suggestion that jihadists should lose their British passports. Britain is the only country which reserves seats in its parliament for Christian clerics.

People in their millions talk about their beliefs and wear crosses in public. The high-profile cases that Grieve refers to concerned jewellery, not crosses – for example where they posed a health and safety risk.

Two employees were indeed sacked for resisting tasks which went against their religious beliefs, but the Supreme Court and Strasbourg both considered this did not interfere with their freedom of religion, which Britain rightly takes so seriously. Their plight is not greater than that of the gay clients against whom they wished to discriminate.

The National Secular Society made it clear during its High Court action that it was happy that prayers before council meetings should remain lawful, which they do.

Keith Porteous Wood
Executive Director, National Secular Society
London WC1

SIR – The sanitisation of Britain’s faith began long ago with religion and hymns being removed from school assemblies and children of other faiths not having to take part.

Singing a religious song will not make someone change their religion, nor will working with someone who wears jewellery that advertises their faith.

I live in Turkey, a secular country which is predominantly Muslim. Despite being brought up a Christian, I often am obliged to respect the religion of my host country. This extends to attending Muslim ceremonies and joining in with its practices.

Britain is not a secular country and therefore has a right to include the Church of England in day-to-day life. People of other religions should embrace this as they do the opportunity to live in their country of choice.

Joanne Grimwood
Ula, Mugla, Turkey

SIR – As a practising Christian I was encouraged to read Dominic Grieve’s comments highlighting the discrimination against Christians, especially in the workplace. I was less encouraged by his comments on Israel – namely, “Killing large numbers of children in UN schools which are supposed to be havens of safety is a very unfortunate event to take place and I think needs an explanation.”

We in the West have a tendency to underestimate the levels of cynicism and cruelty of which Hamas is capable. Not content with hiding its weaponry in schools, mosques and other public buildings and firing rockets from them, they then force their citizens to stay put in these areas, despite clear warnings from the Israeli Defence Force to leave them in advance of their attacks.

Might I ask what alternative course of action Mr Grieve has in mind for Israel, in its legitimate task of defending its own citizens against terror?

Helen Stengel
London E1

SIR – As you report, Douglas Carswell spent sleepless nights making his decision to defect to the UK Independence Party but ultimately decided that David Cameron was not serious about European reform.

It does not matter whether the Prime Minister is serious about reform, as long as he is serious about a referendum. I am prepared to take his word for it that such a referendum will be in the Conservative manifesto. A Conservative government will then negotiate with the EU, and the British people will decide whether any new deal is sufficient to keep Britain in the EU.

All Mr Carswell has achieved is to help Ukip split the Eurosceptic vote next year, thus increasing the chances of a Labour government and no referendum.

Sam Dunning
Guildford, Surrey

SIR – James Kirkup’s analysis of the rise of Ukip hit the nail on the head when he said that it’s about trust, and its absence. Despite being a life-long, Thatcherite Tory, I voted Ukip in the last general election, first because I refuse to vote socialist and, secondly, because I didn’t believe a word Mr Cameron said.

I think my view has been vindicated. I no longer care whether or not a vote for Ukip upsets the apple cart; in my view it is full of rotten apples and the few decent apples such as Michael Gove and Owen Paterson have been thrown into the gutter.

Mr Cameron is his own worst enemy: everybody knows full well that any promised referendum on Europe is going to be a stitch-up. Meaningful changes will require a new treaty and the EU is not going to turn itself inside out just to please us.

Any wavering Tory voters should ask themselves whom Mr Cameron would align himself with, in the event of a hung Parliament: Ukip or the Liberal Democrats?

Jonathan Goodall
Bath, Somerset

SIR – William Hague has said that voting for Ukip in the general election would let in Labour, and that only the Conservatives guarantee a referendum on the EU.

But if Ukip wins enough seats next May, it will almost certainly go into a coalition with the Tories, in order to see off Labour. Then we will definitely get our referendum.

Even if Labour has the most seats, I doubt if they will have a working majority.

Paul Farndon
New Milton, Hampshire

SIR – In 1924 there was a by-election for the safe Conservative seat of Westminster Abbey. Winston Churchill stood as an Independent Constitutionalist against a Conservative candidate. He ran his campaign from 34 committee rooms, each of which was run by a Conservative MP. He reduced the Conservative majority from 13,607 to a mere 43. Could this be a precedent for the Clacton by-election?

John Boast
London N21

Irish Times:

Irish Independent:

Madam – After a brief lull it was only a matter of time before the public/private sector debate began again, especially given the report that public servants may be in line for a reversal of austerity cuts.

However having read with rising ire the various articles in the Sunday Independent (17 August) it strikes me that in a valiant attempt to highlight some of the gross injustices in pay and conditions between the public and private sector, people on both sides are caught in the crossfire, wondering who exactly is in receipt of these lucrative pay packets.

While I appreciate that the provision of statistics in terms of averages is a fairly common practice, unfortunately it is the ‘one size fits all’ ethos which infuriates lower paid workers on both sides of this manufactured public/private sector divide. More importantly it negates the efforts of economists and commentators to provide a true reflection of the glaring inequalities which exist within the public sector itself.

As a lower paid employee of the state I can categorically confirm that following twelve years of service my gross hourly rate is €18.61 for a 37 hour week which is considerably lower than the €20.21 stated for the private sector and even more significantly lower than the €28.23 which is given as the average hourly rate for a public sector worker. When the various deductions are made I have the grand total of €13.61 per hour, or €503.73 per week.

So, while I wholeheartedly commend the many heroic journalistic endeavours which have over the years brought to our attention the full extent of corruption and inequality which regrettably continues to prosper in Irish society, I implore those commentators to please compare like with like and to recognise that there is a palpable divide within the public sector itself.

Indeed the chasm which exists between management, who despite the austerity measures continue to earn extraordinary salaries, and the vast majority of staff is quite profound and certainly deserves further analysis.

Please remember that the public sector is not a homogenous whole, but is comprised of profoundly unequal divisions.

(Name and address with Editor)

No certainty in  abortion debate

Madam — Gene Kerrigan is right when he says ‘abortion is a moral issue’ (Sunday Independent, 24 August).  When he compares it to ‘slavery’, however, I think he is making a mistake.

Slavery is about a conflict of interest between adults. The issue of abortion is not so straightforward since it involves a conflict of interest between an adult and an unborn human being.

Abortion is, therefore, a very difficult moral issue for our legal institutions to deal with. In democratic societies we exercise power by electing representatives to act on our behalf. Given that democratic institutions are human institutions vested interests play political football with the issues that affect them.

Despite its fundamental nature, or perhaps because of its fundamental nature, the abortion issue is not immune to that tendency.

Since I often agree with Gene Kerrigan, I am sorry to have to say that he is playing political football with the abortion issue when he pontificates about moral certainties in which there are no qualms of conscience.

 A Leavy,

Sutton,

Dublin 13

Niamh’s abortion article a big help

Madam – Niamh Horan’s article “Abortion debate requires something more than love” last weekend (Sunday Independent, August 24), was just excellent, written with great compassion and understanding.

Essential reading for the powers that be, and all of us for that matter. Personally, for someone who is completely out of their comfort zone, I found the article to be of immense help in trying to come to terms and understand the many difficulties women have when faced with this awful dilemma.

 Once again, Bravo Niamh!

Brian McDevitt,

Glenties, Co Donegal

Use of the ‘F’ word is not at all nice

Madam – To be honest, we all use that awful ‘F’ word from time to time. Jesus would laugh, as he was human while on earth and knows it’s only in frustration, but it’s not nice when we see it overused and seen as ‘cute or smart’ in the Sindo, even by much-loved writers.

I was late leaving the leaba last Sunday and my mugga nearly choked me, reading Antonia Leslie’s interview with the Rubberbandits. And that was after getting a glance at the  front page — ‘Dawkins says it’s immoral to give birth to a child with Downs’!

God bless Brendan O’Connor for answering that misguided man. Dawkins oozes unease; he should think deeper and may well change, as I see it.

Kathleen Corrigan,

Cootehill,

Co Cavan

Rose of Tralee is what people want

Madam – the Rose of Tralee is indeed dreadful. However to understand this, and for an insight into the Irish psyche, one need only turn to the dancing pages of a popular Sunday paper.

There you will see nothing but country music bands appearing at venues all over the country,  all of them pounding out their rather tedious beat, while real dance bands have had to give up.

Just like the Rose of Tralee, this is what the people want. Maybe in about a hundred years things will change.

 Paul Reilly,

Crumlin, D ublin 12

Greater efficiency with new rules

Madam – Nick Webb criticises new EU regulations on vacuum cleaners which will come into effect on  1 September  (Sunday Independent 24 August).

What he fails to point out is that the new rules will save, by 2020, the amount of  electricity produced by more than four power plants or consumed by 5.5 million households.

This will in no way affect the ability to clean one’s home, and aims to bring about increased performance, energy efficiency, reduced dust re-emission and noise levels.

Barbara Nolan,

Head of European Commission Representation in Ireland

Sunday Independent



Scanning

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1 September 2014 Scanning

I jog around the park I still have arthritis in my left knee, but I manage to get round the park. A wettish day. I scan some books.

I bump in to Mary and she has a fall shes a little worse today, duck leg for tea and her back pain is still there.

Obituary:

Maria Lassnig: ‘Blokes are advised to bring a helmet’

Maria Lassnig’s nude self-portraits — painted in her eighties — shocked gallery audiences

Maria Lassnig. Partners, 2013. New Collection Galleries With Maria Lassnig's Painting 'die Sanduhr'.

Maria Lassnig with her painting ‘die Sanduhr’ Photo: REX FEATURES

7:15AM BST 31 Aug 2014

CommentsComments

MARIA LASSNIG, the Austrian painter, who has died aged 94, was embraced by the art world only when she began to paint shockingly confrontational nudes of herself as an old woman.

Throughout an artistic career that spanned nearly 70 years, Lassnig’s art went in and out of fashion in her native Austria. But – though she lived in Vienna, Paris, New York and Berlin – she remained an obscure figure on the international scene. Her work was first unleashed on British audiences as late as 2008, when she was 89, for a solo show at the Serpentine Gallery featuring a selection of recent self-portraits observed from life in her late eighties.

Critics were stunned and impressed by her audacity — above all by a work titled You, or Me? which depicts the artist in a cheery palette of soft pinks, blues and green, with legs open and breasts sagging; in each hand she brandishes a gun, one pointing at her head, the other at the viewer. One reviewer’s write-up warned: “Visiting blokes are advised to bring a helmet.”

But Lassnig was praised for her bleak humour and insight as much as for her ability to provoke. One painting, featuring a couple with heads sheathed in plastic wrapping, was said to have been inspired by a visit to a supermarket where it dawned on her that fruit packets were a neat metaphor for the emotional distance between people.

Lassnig’s work bridged the post-war era, in which introspective Freudian ideas gave birth to expressive painterly styles, and the provocative feminist voices that emerged from the Sixties and Seventies. She herself, however, always denied allegiance to any political or feminist cause. “I’m interested in painting the finer feelings,” she said simply.

She refused to court trends in the art world, and weathered decades of rejection from the Establishment. Ultimately, she would be rewarded for sticking to her guns. “I have been working long enough to establish my own tradition, from realism through Surrealism, art informel, automatism, and I don’t know how many other isms,” she observed.

On her death she is remembered as one of the most significant Austrian painters of the past century, carrying on a figurative tradition that can be traced back to the Viennese artist Egon Schiele, and even – given her distinctive taste for a muted palette of pinks and blues – to the Austrian baroque. A retrospective exhibition of her work was recently held at MoMA in New York.

Maria Lassnig was born on September 8 1919 in the Carinthian town of Kappel am Krappfeld. She spent the first five years of her life at her grandparents’ farmhouse, until her mother married her adoptive father, Jakob Lassnig, and they moved into an apartment above his bakery in Klagenfurt; she did not meet her biological father until she was an adult.

After education at the Ursuline Convent School, in 1939 she trained to become a primary schoolteacher but, while painting portraits of the children, her ambitions changed. In the autumn of 1941, as Austria entered the darkest hours of the Second World War, she determinedly packed a bag and rode her bicycle 300km to Vienna to take up a place at the Academy of Fine Arts, which aligned itself at the time with the realist school favoured by the Nazis.

Maria Lassnig was a technically gifted student and, bored with the representational styles encouraged by her teachers, she experimented with Expressionism and Cubism. Classified a “degenerate” by her teacher, Wilhelm Dachau, she was expelled from his class. Decades later, in 1980, she would return to the academy as a professor, the first female painting professor in the German-speaking world.

Early on in her career, Lassnig became interested in exploring the relationship between her internal world and external appearance, and in 1948 coined the term “body awareness” to describe her efforts. Even in the Fifties and Sixties, while she explored abstraction, she was still investigating the limits of the human body; her so-called “Line Pictures” from this period were painted while kneeling or lying on the canvas to restrict her arm movements.

She was offered a fellowship in Paris in 1951, and afterwards spent long periods in the French capital, where she befriended the poets Paul Celan and André Breton. In 1968 she moved to the United States, the “country of strong women”, as she called it. In typically contrarian fashion, living among minimalists and conceptualists in New York inspired her to return to figurative painting. She called self-portraiture “research”, as opposed to painting, and was prolific and unwavering in her investigations: there are hundreds of them. She, briefly, experimented with filmmaking too, notably Kantate (1992), in which she sings and illustrates her life story.

In 1980, Lassnig represented Austria in the 39th Venice Biennale and returned to Vienna to take up a teaching post (until 1997).

Lassnig never married or had children, a conscious decision. “The dear Lord did not gift me with beauty, but the ability to paint,” she said.

Although Maria Lassnig famously tore around at great speed on her motorcycle, she was frightened of dying. The need to confront her own mortality caught up with her; her paintings became clearer, bolder and more confrontational. In her late eighties, she energetically produced work after work of startlingly youthful intensity. “Art keeps me young,” she insisted.

In 2013 she was awarded the Golden Lion for Lifetime Achievement at the Venice Biennale.

Maria Lassnig, born September 8 1919, died May 6 2014

Guardian:

Member of Parliament Carswell Douglas Carswell (R) and Nigel Farage, the leader of Ukip, laugh as they walk through the town centre of Clacton-on-Sea on 29 August. Photograph: Toby Melville/Reuters

On the day the MP for Clacton defects to Ukip (Defection to Ukip puts pressure on Cameron, 29 August), the third Folkestone Triennial opens (A nugget and spade resort? The 2014 gold rush, 29 August). These might seem unconnected, but the problems of coastal towns, with their glamorous seaside image long gone and with only half the economic hinterland of any other town, are shared around the country, even in the otherwise prosperous east or south-east of England. Add in the surrounding low-wage agricultural areas in Lincolnshire, say, and you have all the ingredients Ukip needs.

What is different is that Folkestone had a one-man rescue campaign, with the foresight to realise that the arts could be used for wider regeneration. What Roger de Haan is doing in Folkestone, public bodies are now doing in Margate, but where are the philanthropists to take on Clacton or Great Yarmouth or Hartlepool? Encouraging philanthropy is one of the coalition’s few policies for the arts, but the vast majority of it remains in London.

Could the threat of Ukip actually encourage the other parties to invest in cultural regeneration?
Judith Martin
Winchester, Hampshire

• I have never voted Conservative, and would never consider voting Ukip, but I think Douglas Carswell deserves more credit than your rather begrudging editorial gives him (Schism-on sea, 29 August). There are exceptions, but generally voters support a party rather than an individual. As you point out, “most MPs who change party allegiance simply do so without consulting their constituents”. This is both dishonourable and, more importantly, fundamentally undemocratic.

In the absence of any right of recall, where local electorates can trigger a byelection, I hope you are right that Carswell’s decision “could break the mould”. As for the risk that his actions could end with the arrival of Ed Miliband in Downing Street, Cameron has only himself to blame. By defeating the proposed changes to our voting system that AV would have given, the option of voting 1 Ukip and 2 Conservative does not exist. How the Tories must regret that now.
Declan O’Neill
Oldham

• Douglas Carswell’s attempt to secure another term in office as Clacton’s MP by defecting to Ukip will be seen by many as an opportunistic move because he sees his seat slipping away from him.

For a man who claims to be against the top-down approach of the political elite in Westminster and to fight for local democracy, his actions do not appear to match his words. We need no lectures about transparency from someone who, in conjunction with Nigel Farage, selects himself as the Ukip candidate.

Roger Lord, until now the Ukip candidate selected by local Ukip members, is reported as stating: “It’s pretty arrogant of Douglas Carswell to assume that the voters and the electorate are like sheep and they will just go along with this.”

If Mr Carswell does believe in democracy, why doesn’t he take part in a selection process and let the members of the party he is now representing make the decision of who their candidate is?

When the people of Clacton find out what Ukip’s policies are on privatising the NHS and tax breaks for the well-off, I believe they will vote for Labour.
Keith Henderson
Frinton-on-Sea, Essex

• We are told that Clacton is a viable Ukip target because its electorate contains a large number of poor white pensioners (A defection that leaves Cameron’s strategy in tatters, 29 August). This active member of the Labour party is all three and regards that observation as outrageous stereotyping.
Colin Yarnley
Southwell, Nottinghamshire

• So Nigel Farage is on the front page yet again. It would be interesting to see who heads the list of most front-page photos at the end of the year. Favourites must be Nigel, Boris and Andy Murray.
Mick Jope
Maidstone, Kent

• Is it just a strange coincidence that on the day the prime minister sees his party starting to disintegrate and desert him, he offers us the diversion of an increased threat level (New powers to tackle Isis threat, 30 August)? How is extremism actually going to be defined? Is it anyone who criticises him and his minions, or his policies, or the security services?
Kay and Barrie Thornton
Ellesmere, Shropshire

Richard Dawkins. ‘He asks what the moral difference is between breeding for musical ability and forcing a child to take music lessons. The answer is again simple. Both are wrong,’ writes Mary Midgley. Photograph: Murdo Macleod

The question “what is wrong with positive eugenics?” (Nobody is better at being human, Professor Dawkins, least of all you, 30 August) has a simple answer. The only good reason for having sexual intercourse at all is that you love your partner. Doing it to produce a (scientifically expectable) athletic or musical child is – as Kant put it – using the partner as a means to your own ends. In fact, it is exploiting them. And if both parties agree on the project things actually get worse, because both are then agreeing to exploit the prospective child for ends that are certainly not its own. Experience has shown how badly this can work out for the planned child. And making the planning more scientific – that is, more impersonal – would surely be likely to make things worse for it, not better.

Professor Dawkins asks what the moral difference is between breeding for musical ability and forcing a child to take music lessons. The answer is again simple. Both are wrong, but the former is calculated to mess up the life of an entire family much more widely.
Mary Midgley
Newcastle upon Tyne

• A huge thank-you to Giles Fraser for his thoughts on Professor Dawkins and eugenics – a beautifully written condemnation of the destructive assumption, rarely explicitly advocated but often used as a basis for decision and opinion, that eugenics is good and solves problems. Human flourishing can only come from seeing human life as sacred and the supreme and absolute good.
Canon Paul Townsend
Winchester, Hampshire

• Giles Fraser writes “nobody is better at being human, neither are there better sorts of human beings”. Does he seriously equate, on any level at all, Pol Pot with Gandhi, Torquemáda with Mother Teresa?

The only thing in his article more nonsensical is his claim that religion defends human life. No one can seriously doubt that religion, of one sort or another, has been responsible for horrifically cruel human slaughter on an unimaginable scale throughout history, right up to the present day and with every prospect that it will continue in the same vein. It is difficult to imagine anything else, short of an extinction event, being responsible for greater or more pointless human destruction.
Ian Evans
Derby

UK, passport, British, ID ‘The government’s claim that it needs new powers to deny British passports is false,’ writes Simon Cox. Photograph: Alamy

The government’s claim that it needs new powers to deny British passports is false. In April 2013 it said “passport facilities may be refused to or withdrawn from British nationals who may seek to harm the UK or its allies by travelling on a British passport to, for example, engage in terrorism-related activity or other serious or organised criminal activity”. Nothing has changed since then. No new powers are needed. The prime minister’s statements – and the legal proposals – are just to be “seen to be doing something”. This kind of politics – law reform as propaganda and distraction – undermines democratic debate.

The Guardian has not yet looked beneath these claims. Your Analysis article (How do you rein in extremists when your hands are tied?, 30 August) confuses British citizenship with possession of a British passport. These are not the same thing: the views attributed to government lawyers relate to deprivation of the former, not denial of the latter. Your front page (New powers to tackle Isis threat, 30 August) is likewise lacking in independent analysis. The political announcements are noise. By your unconsidered amplification, you help lay the ground for the security services to demand emergency laws to yet further constrain our liberties. (Those same security services who so completely failed to prepare for Isis, and yet who keep their jobs.) The Guardian has led the way in explaining Snowden. Please may we have the same attention to detail here?
Simon Cox
Migration lawyer, Open Society Justice Initiative

• Instead of new powers to tackle Isis, wouldn’t Cameron do better to focus on the fact that “Muslims in the UK suffer more than double the UK’s average poverty level” (Letters, 30 August)?
Roy Boffy
Walsall, West Midlands

Independent:

Although sexual abuse of children has been widely reported recently, in children’s homes, by men in positions of power, in the entertainment industry, and within families, I have not seen a suggestion that these cultures needed investigation, as the British Pakistani community was targeted after similar criminal activity.

When British Muslims travelled to Syria and Iraq to take part in war-making and obnoxious activities, their community was again under scrutiny, which did not happen when white British soldiers were involved in torture, or when white British persons led us into illegal war.

In the UK, for decades at least, there has been a tolerance of child abuse in many situations. We also live in a culture in which war is glorified, assassination normalised, soldiers trained to kill idolised, and dehumanising and killing of “the other” in games played by children rewarded.

I don’t see it as surprising that some individuals from many backgrounds, all products of our British society, have turned to crimes such as illegal war-making, murder, and child abuse. Isn’t it time we looked at “traditional British values” to see how these contribute to attitudes of those who grow up with a distorted vision of what is normal, attracting a minority of British people to behave in an inhumane and criminal manner.

Dr Judith Brown
Farrington Gurney, Somerset

Following Rotherham and other cases of a similar nature, we need a complete retraining of all police officers and social workers.

 They cannot be allowed to continue without being given detailed training in child development, conflict resolution, survivor empathy, trauma and recovery, and the social effects of inter-generational trauma patterns.

This is now a matter of extreme urgency.

Corneilius Crowley
South Harrow, Middlesex

It is 18 years since I retired from the public service, but I can still recall vividly the obsession with “political correctness” that engulfed the Probation Service at that time; therefore I am not at all surprised by what happened in Rotherham.

Given that the perpetrators were not European they would have been untouchable because anyone making a complaint would have been considered a racist. Let us hope that from now on reason might prevail and “political correctness” is consigned to the rubbish bin.

D Sawtell
Tydd St Giles, Cambridgeshire

 

Cameron rallies the Yes vote

Alex Salmond has described David Cameron as “the No campaign incarnate”.

It seems to me the Prime Minister is doing a great job persuading people to vote Yes by stating that the Conservatives (so loved and respected north of the border) are deigning to consider giving Scotland more powers in the event of a No vote. Of course if, when and how that happens will be completely up to Westminster to decide.

This makes it clear what a nonsense it is for Scots to have their country run by a government they have not elected. Why would they even consider voting No to independence? If only I could vote in a referendum which could guarantee never again having to live under Tory rule.

Dominic Horne
Ledbury, Herefordshire

Peter Milner (letter, 29 August) foresees trouble if the Scottish referendum produces a narrow result. However, a very narrow majority will suit the Government.

The Government wants Scotland to stay in the UK. Suppose the “No” vote is 51 per cent. The Government will breathe a sigh of relief and say, “End of story”.

But suppose the “Yes” vote for independence is 51 per cent. Referendums are not legally binding on governments; they are there to test the water. The Government will say that there is no way it would be proper to grant independence on such a slender majority, as it would offend too many people and destabilise a newly independent country.

So on a narrow majority either way it will be heads the Government wins and tails Alex Salmond loses.

I would prefer Scotland to remain in the UK, but for some inexplicable reason I have no say in the matter although I am a UK citizen.

David Ashton
Shipbourne, Kent

If the Scots go independent they will no longer have any say in English politics, English finance, English membership or not of the EU, no longer be able to use the pound sterling, no longer be members of the EU (lucky things), but Scottish football managers will remain, doing their dour, cautious best managing English clubs and making many English fans miserable for another season.

Simon Icke
Aston Clinton, Buckinghamshire

Language dilemma

With regard to the inexorable rise of Spanish at GCSE, which is made all the more conspicuous by the decline in the number taking GCSE French and German, you quote the chief executive of the AQA exam board, Andrew Hall, as saying that the pupils opting for Spanish are “savvy students” who are thinking “This language will really help me”, because it is “one of the most commonly spoken languages in the world”.

You also quote the general secretary of the Association of School and College Leaders, Brian Lightman, as pointing out that Spanish is a language that English pupils “find fairly easy to learn”, because it is “very similar to our own language in some ways” (“Spanish to replace French as most popular language”, 22 August).

I would argue that students opting to avoid German are not particularly savvy at all. The number of speakers of German in Europe puts the language well ahead of English and French, not to mention Spanish. Germany is the UK’s leading trading partner, and it is a major investor in UK industry (Bentley, Rolls-Royce cars, the Mini, Siemens). Many UK pupils will accompany their parents to supermarkets bearing the name Aldi or Lidl.

All of those companies are major UK employers, of course, and some include training placements in Germany as part of their recruitment strategy, in which connection a knowledge of German is a major asset.

As for Spanish being popular because it is “very similar” to English, it is worth drawing attention to the fact that English is, alongside German, the most widely spoken Germanic language. Not surprisingly, it contains a huge number of similarities with German.

If the level of advice being given to secondary schools pupils about which modern foreign language to study is as superficial as the comments made by Andrew Hall and Brian Lightman, it is not at all surprising that German languishes scandalously in third place as a GCSE level foreign language subject.

David Head
Navenby, Lincolnshire

Cot deaths and bed-sharing

Rebecca Hardy’s article of 18 August recommends bed-sharing by parents and young children. In 1991 Peter Fleming led the way in promoting “Back to Sleep” in this country, which resulted in a 70 per cent reduction in the numbers of cot deaths.

Cot death rates have again levelled out and more that 50 per cent of the deaths are now occurring when bed-sharing. Analysis suggests that most of these deaths would not have occurred had the babies not been bed-sharing.

Although the risks may be small in ideal circumstances, Nice has followed the American Academy of Pediatrics and the Dutch in recommending that parents should be made aware of the association of bed-sharing and the occurrence of sudden unexplained infant death. My hope is that the message is taken seriously, and that we see a substantial further reduction in these tragic deaths in the next few years.

Professor Robert G Carpenter
Department of Medical Statistics
London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine

 

Art is one thing, real life another

I read with the usual interest Howard Jacobson’s article (30 August) in which he explores the cathartic release that vicarious grief brings.

Once I would have agreed with him. Yes I cried at Othello’s plight, at Romeo’s distress, at the sadness of Tristan and Isolde. Then my beloved wife died and I realised that the emotions experienced through art can in no meaningful way prepare you for the sadnesses of life.

Stuart Russell
Cirencester

 

Terrorists or victims?

I am concerned about the presumption that all the young men coming back from Syria are terrorists. It is likely that some are suffering post-traumatic stress and need help.

Some will have come back disillusioned, having gone out to fight for a cause and found barbarity and cruelty instead. I hope they are being treated individually and humanely rather than demonised.

Mary Barnes
London NW5

Times:

Sir, We, the charity coalition National Voices, are launching a list of recommendations for how to achieve genuinely person-centred health and social care.

Past reforms have created fragmented, under-resourced systems which give patients, their families and their communities too little say. This is especially true of the most vulnerable people. However, there is growing evidence that care is better when people have a say in the decisions about their health, are helped to look after themselves, and can plan their care in partnership with professionals and effective services. It is increasingly accepted that overly medical, managerial care does not satisfy each individual’s need for independence, control, purpose and social contact — all vital ingredients of good health.

Real reform must start from the things that matter to people. For this, we need the next government to provide consistent leadership, more funding and stability. We must not have any more radical structural reorganisations. Instead, the government should focus on co-ordinating everyone’s efforts, so that statutory bodies, voluntary groups and local communities can work together.

Paul Farmer, Mind; Lord Adebowale, Turning Point; Chris Maker, Lupus UK; Chris Whitwell, Friends, Families and Travellers; Sally Light, Motor Neurone Disease Association, Robert Johnstone, Access Matters, Patricia Schooling, Action Against Allergy, Katherine G Whiteÿ, Addison’s Group, “Paul Springer FRSM, FRSPH”, Age Related Diseases and Health Trust, Jeremy Hughes, Alzheimer’s Society, Phil Gray, ARMAÿ(Arthritis and Musculoskeletal Alliance), Kay Boycott, Asthma UK, Sue Millman, Ataxia UK, Steve James, Avenues Trust Group, Mark Flannagan, Beating Bowel Cancer, Chris Phillips, Behcets Syndrome Society, Robert Dixon, Bladder and Bowel Foundation, Melissa Green, Bliss, Rose Thompson, BME Cancer Communities, Deborah Alsina, Bowel Cancer UK, Joy Warmington, BRAP, Marion Janner, Bright, Liz White, British Association of Skin Camouflage, Andrew Langford, British Liver Trust, Laura Guest, British Society for Rheumatology, Dr Frank Chinegwundoh MBE, Cancer Black Care, Dr Ian Stuart, Cavernoma Alliance UK, Henrietta Spalding, Changing Faces, Sue Browning, Chartered Society of Physiotherapy (CSP), Alison Taylor, Children’s Liver Disease Foundation, Danielle Hamm, Compassion in Dying, Philip Lee, Epilepsy Action, Angela Geer, Epilepsy Society , Nick Westbrook, Evirias (S.E.) Limited, Bernard Reed OBE, Gender Identity Research and Education Society (GIRES), Alastair Kent OBE, Genetic Alliance UK, Malcolm Alexander, HAPIA Healthwatch and Public Involvement Association, Liz Glenister, Hypopara UK, Jenny Hirst MBE, InDependent Diabetes Trust, Nick Turkentine, James Whale Fund for Kidney Cancer , Karen Friett, Lymphoedema Support Network, Mike Hobday, Macmillan Cancer Support, Kathy Roberts, Mental Health Providers Forum, Nick Rijke, MS Society, Margaret Bowler SRN SCM, Myotonic Dystrophy Support Group, Susie Parsons, NAT (National AIDS Trust), “Debbie Cook MPA, ACIS “, National Ankylosing Spondylitis Society (NASS), Claire Henry, National Council for Palliative Care & Dying Matters, NeilÿCleeveley, NAVCA (National Association for Voluntary and Community Action), Ailsa Bosworth, NRAS (National Rheumatoid Arthritis Society), Heather Wallace , Pain Concern, Christine Hughes, Pain UK, Steve Ford, Parkinson’s UK, Sue Farrington, Patient Information Forum, Dr James Munro, Patient Opinion, Tess Harris, PKD Charity, Jim Phillips, Qismet, Mark Winstanley, Rethink, “Dr David Branford PhD, FRPHarmsS, FCMHP”, Royal Pharmaceutical Society , Amy Baker, Sclerodoma Society, Sarah Collis, Self Help Connect UK, John Murray, Specialised Healthcare Alliance, Anna McEwen, Shared Lives Plus, Dr Rosemary Gillespie, Terrence Higgins Trust, Liz Carroll, The Haemophilia Society, Heidi Wilson, The I Have IIH Foundation, Mike Oliver, The Keratoconus Group, Wendy Thomas, The Migraine Trust, Dom Weinberg, The National Council for Voluntary Youth Services (NCVYS), Liz McElligott, The National Counselling Society, Elspeth Lax, The PXE Support Group – PiXiE, Andrew Fletcher, Together for Short Lives, Barbara Babcock, Transverse Myelitis Society, David Pink, UK Council for Psychotherapy (UKCP), Lucie Russell, YoungMinds, Jeremy Taylor, National Voices,

Sir, If the grammar schools had not been destroyed we would not now be having a debate about public schools producing our elite (“Old boys and girls still take top jobs”, Aug 28).

Chris Reaney
Marlborough, Wilts

Sir, My grandfather, an upholsterer, left school at 14. His son, my father, won a scholarship to a grammar school and went on to teach Classics after Durham University. My father and mother saved to send me to an independent day school whence I went to Oxford and became a judge.

Does the Social Mobility and Child Poverty Commission really think it just that my father and I should have been artificially impeded in our careers because of our education.

His Honour Gerald Clifton
Heswall, Wirral

Sir, One day there are not enough students from disadvantaged backgrounds at Oxbridge; the next day there are too many Oxbridge-educated people in high places. Is this a plot to keep the poor in their place, or the effect of the chop logic course in PPE?

Peter Williams
Malvern, Worcs

Sir, It should be no surprise that years of work to open the leading professions have done little to dislodge the privately educated. Anthony Sampson said a decade ago that independent schools are now open to the wealthy and clever too, a formidable combination.

Being clever from a disadvantaged background will not get you into an independent school and thence into Oxbridge and the professions. Some independent schools help with financial assistance and/or sponsoring academies. In Kent, several independent schools, helped by the Sutton Trust, have set up the Kent Academies Network, to provide mentoring and summer schools for academy pupils. The scheme also involves Fitzwilliam College, Cambridge, which sees it as a way of promoting open access to the college and other universities. This initiative will inevitably be limited by the availability of finance and the schools’ resources.

What is the solution to this lack of social mobility? Sampson identified a major cause of the problem as the closure of the grammar schools in the 1970s, which led to independent schools reasserting themselves. So a big part of a countrywide solution would be to open more grammar schools. This would not adversely affect the independent schools, as it would give them more opportunities for pursuing schemes like the Kent network. What a pity that, despite Michael Gove’s splendid reforms, the government is currently opposed to creating more grammar schools — surely the greatest engine of social mobility we have ever seen.

Looking at your statistics on MPs’ educational backgrounds, could it be that they want to preserve the system of “jobs for the boys (and girls)”?

Ian Hitchen
Bolton

Sir, I was interested to read how the privately educated still take the top jobs. While I agree that these jobs should be open for all-comers, top positions need well educated and informed applicants. It is not the fault of private schools that their alumni take precedence. The fault lies with the government which consistently fails to provide a top-class education for the majority of pupils. So many intelligent and capable pupils fall by the wayside.

Sharon Pache
Terling, Essex

Sir, As an impartial, politically neutral humanitarian organisation, Save the Children has not taken, and never will take, sides in the Gaza conflict, or any other conflict that we are responding to worldwide (“You don’t save children by arming terrorists”, Aug 28).

I thoroughly condemn Hamas for its indiscriminate firing of rockets into Israel. We have consistently called for a permanent ceasefire from both sides, particularly for an end to the use of explosive weapons in populated areas due to the harm caused to children in both Gaza and Israel. Our call to lift the blockade on Gaza is shared by the UN and many leaders including David Cameron and William Hague. Save the Children calls for the end of the blockade because it is causing severe hardships and harming children and their families.

Justin Forsyth

Save the Children

Sir, Matthew Syed (Aug 25) explains why we should never tarnish whole communities on the basis of the crimes of a few. I think Paul Kohler, the academic who was savagely beaten recently (allegedly by Poles) magnificently epitomised this sentiment. When a Polish woman, in faltering English, apologised on behalf of her nation, he held her hand and told her it wasn’t her fault, as who would be judged by the worst people in their society?

Lesley Russell
Kingston upon Thames

Sir, You report that having banned vacuum cleaners with motors above 1,600 watts, the EU energy commissioner is now considering similar limits for other electrical devices “to try to slow climate change” (“Hairdryers may be next on hit list in EU power game”, Aug 29)

Such bans are absurd for two reasons. First, lower wattage does not guarantee reduced electricity consumption. For example, boiling a kettle of water with half the wattage will take twice as long, and the total electricity consumed will be the same. And a less powerful cleaner might be used for longer as it takes longer to pick up a given quantity of dust

Second, electrical devices do not, of course, emit CO2. It is the power stations that generate the electricity that do, but only the gas and coal-fired ones. Renewable and nuclear produce negligible amounts. The variation among EU countries in the proportion of their electricity generated by renewables, not counting nuclear, ranges from over 70 per cent for Austria to about 12 per cent for the UK. This makes a nonsense of having a directive treating all countries the same

David Terry

Droitwich, Worcs

Sir, My admiration for Colonel Benest (letter, Aug 29) knows no bounds but I wonder whether he is old enough to remember hobnailed ammunition boots. The mighty crash of a well-drilled company coming to attention and the noise we made marching on a hard road chivvied by our NCO were a pleasure which I fashionably denied at the time, but was shared by most of my comrades. I wonder if it would be possible to use hobnailed boots for ceremonial occasions rather than the carpet slippers which have shuffled in to replace them.

Antony Stanley Clarke

Mosterton, Dorset

Telegraph:

SIR – The Home Secretary is right to condemn social workers, council bosses and police chiefs who failed in their duty to protect the children of Rotherham.

To prevent such blatant neglect of duty ever happening again, those deemed culpable should not just be allowed to resign and effectively get away with it; they should be forcibly sacked and any pension accrued severely reduced.

Only with such draconian measures will those in authority throughout the country be incentivised not to sweep things under the carpet in future.

B J Colby
Bristol

SIR – This year alone we have had the export of extremism, the Trojan horse affair in education in Birmingham, and now the horrors of Rotherham – all because of a reticence, or even fear, of treading on the sensibilities of ethnic minorities.

This has come about as a direct result of the determination in the last three decades to establish multiculturalism: the notion that all cultures are equal, that there is no such thing as a host-nation culture to which all foreign-comers should be prepared to adapt.

It is now surely obvious, even to the most hardened ideologue of the Left, that the process has been an abject failure.

Edward Thomas
Eastbourne, East Sussex

Out-of-control borders

SIR – I was not surprised to read the headline “UK border controls in chaos”.

I recently came across an encampment of tents and at least 15 young Asian men in a hidden area of Fryent Country Park in Middlesex. They were not pleased to be seen and only one man appeared to understand English.

Suspecting they were illegal immigrants, I contacted the police. I was told to contact Immigration Services, where there was no response on Sunday and, once I got through on Monday, no option to report finding immigrants.

Perhaps if the public was encouraged or even allowed to report illegal immigrants, they would be less keen to come here in the first place.

Dr R E Alexander
London NW9

SIR – We have been hearing about chaos in border control for years. Unlike most countries, Britain does not require passport checks upon departure, so we have no idea how many people who came in on valid tourist visas have overstayed. This is utterly ridiculous.

Ramji Abinashi
Amersham, Buckinghamshire

No avoiding Assad

SIR – The Foreign Secretary is reluctant to join forces with Bashar al-Assad to fight Isil, but in 1942, when Hitler invaded Russia, we made a pact with Stalin. Winston Churchill said he would make a pact with the Devil if Hitler invaded Hell.

Churchill was right then. Philip Hammond is wrong now.

Frank Tomlin
Billericay, Essex

So long, seagulls

SIR – I feel it necessary to point out that gull control methods successfully pioneered by Dumfries and Galloway Council over the last six years have related not to egg pricking, but nest and egg removal.

This method has been closely monitored by an independent expert and representatives of the Scottish government and Scottish Natural Heritage. The removal of several thousand eggs and subsequent disturbance to breeding gulls is now beginning to produce the desired results.

There is a cost to this service and it is reliant on easy access to buildings and the cooperation of property owners, but we believe it is the only non-lethal way of controlling this increasing problem.

Martin G Taylor
Environmental Health Services, Dumfries and Galloway Council
Dumfries

SIR – R J Ardern calls for stricter controls of gulls, but it is humans who are mostly at fault. The 1956 Clean Air Act prevented rubbish-tip operators burning waste, so gulls took advantage of the huge amount of organic material sent to landfill instead.

We can deter seagulls by reducing the amount we throw away, preventing street littering, and making public waste bins and collection arrangements “gull-proof”. Those best placed to do this are landfill companies, local authorities and statutory bodies with a wildlife management remit, but the behaviour of individuals is also important.

All bar one of the British gull species are of amber-listed conservation concern. The herring gull – to many, the sound of our seaside – is a red-listed species and its population is still plummeting. Can we imagine a British coastline devoid of its evocative calls?

Ed Hutchings
Stoke-by-Nayland, Essex

Burn it, don’t waste it

SIR – Burning waste in special incinerators prevents noxious fumes from entering the atmosphere and generates electricity, lessening the amount of fossil fuels that need to be extracted from the ground. The ash left behind is also a valuable commodity, containing elements that can be re-used in industry.

Land is too valuable to use for landfill sites. We should be building more waste incinerators as well as continuing to sell our valuable waste overseas.

Sue Doughty
Twyford, Berkshire

Scottish civil service mantras sound Soviet

SIR – The politicisation of the civil service in Scotland is a worrying trend.

Scottish government ministers’ wearisome and meaningless mantra that independence will make the country “a freer and more just society” is totally at odds with their policy of making government function as “a single institution”, and smacks of the authoritarian regimes which rule some of the former Soviet republics. It’s a grim prospect of what Scotland could be letting itself in for if there isn’t a resounding No vote in the forthcoming referendum.

Peter Myers
Oldmeldrum, Aberdeenshire

SIR – I would like to ask Alex Salmond: 1) Would an independent Scotland divorce itself from any further UK involvement in conflicts in the Middle East, and 2) Could an independent Scotland succeed where the UK has so dismally failed in securing its borders and limiting immigration?

If his answer to these questions was “yes”, and I was a Scot, I would vote for independence, irrespective of economic considerations.

John Cottrell
Addlestone, Surrey

SIR – You state that “the final decision whether or not Scotland leaves the Union is, rightly, left in the hands of the Scottish people” Who are these Scottish people?

I was born and educated in Glasgow and have lived in England for many years. I have always considered myself to be a Scot who is a citizen of the United Kingdom. How is it possible that someone from Outer Mongolia who moved to Scotland in the last few years has a vote, but I don’t?

Derek Leithead
West Byfleet, Surrey

Basic clichés

SIR — The use of “So” to begin the answer to a question is undeniably irritating, but less so than its predecessor, the excruciatingly clichéd “Well, basically”.

T G Jones
Pinner, Middlesex

SIR – Why do people ask, when buying a drink in a pub, “Can I get a pint of…?” The bar staff are there to get your drink for you.

Andy Watson
Cheltenham, Gloucestershire

SIR – I should have thought that for someone emigrating to France to say “See you later” was most appropriate (Letters, August 24).

What on earth does Jane Scott think “Au revoir” means?

Dave Day
Aylesbury, Buckinghamshire

SIR – As a secondary modern boy who worked his way up through the theatre ranks to become director of the Council of Regional Theatre and then moved into management at the BBC, I fully endorse what Ben Stephenson, head of BBC drama commissioning, had to say about the acting profession not reflecting the real world.

Back in the days when we had repertory theatres, the true training grounds for the country’s actors, in every major city and town, people from all sectors of society took to the boards. In those days we could all see the eventual effect that television would have on the acting profession: not only a diminishing theatre audience, but a siphoning-off of local talent, thus making the theatre more reliant on those who could afford to have expensive drama training.

It is a sad state of affairs when a majority of our actors come from the so-called “posh” schools as this skews what should be an egalitarian profession appealing to a broad cross-section of the population.

The simple answer is for both television and the cinema to fund scholarships so we do not miss out on the Dora Bryans and the Bob Hoskinses of the future.

Vin Harrop
Billericay, Essex

Irish Times:

A chara, – I was astonished to read Carter Dillard (August 28th) defending China’s one child policy by solemnly quoting a UN estimate of a world population of 256 billion by 2050 based on 1995 fertility rates. I remember the report; and I also remember being told as a child that if all the offspring and descendants of one breeding pair of flies were to survive and breed themselves, the Earth would be knee deep in flies at the end of a year. Both may have been put forward as theoretical possibilities, but no one thought them in any way likely to happen.

Under the doomsday scenario Mr Dillard mentions, the population of Africa would have been rocketing towards 169 billion. The present population of that continent is around 1.1 billion, up from 719 million in 1995. At that rate of growth we don’t have to worry about reaching the doomsday number anytime soon. And no country in Africa has employed China’s draconian measures to curb growth.

Ever since Thomas Malthus produced his An Essay on the Principle of Population in 1798, people have been scare-mongering about the dangers of population growth and how the world is going to run out of resources. Over 200 years of lived experience should serve to put those fears to rest. It’s time to accept the reality that the Earth’s population, while it is rising, is doing so at a rate we have shown we can cope with. – Is mise,

Rev PATRICK G BURKE,

Castlecomer, Co Kilkenny.

Sir, – I was born within 25 metres of the Barrow Line in the early 1940s. I can remember the Grand Canal as a working entity, with barges travelling up and down the waterway. I learned to fish and swim along the line in my early teens. By the time I emigrated in the early 1960s, the canal was derelict, the line overgrown and unusable and the waters unfit for swimming.

I have just returned from visiting family in Finland. My daughter, her husband and three children, aged seven, five and two, had just completed a short camping and cycling break covering about 250km over four days, all of which the seven-year-old was able to cycle unaided, principally due to the efficient network of cycling tracks, also used by walkers, available to them. They could also avail of serviced campsites and food and drink outlets along the way.

The Barrow Line lends itself perfectly to the development of this sort of activity for both residents and tourists alike. There is the potential to tie into the Blackstairs Mountain range and, through Bunclody and Enniscorthy, a 1798 heritage trail, leading to Wicklow and by way of Celbridge and Maynooth, linking up with the Royal Canal pathway and ultimately the Western Way.

There is the potential for landowners along the way to provide serviced campsites and also the potential for the development of coarse and game fishing. As we are unlikely to ever become a sun-seeker’s destination, this is the sort of activity-based development Tourism Ireland should be pursuing. It is popular and eco friendly. How to do it? Could I suggest having a look at Finland? – Yours, etc,

PAT LAWLOR,

Corrofin,

Tuam, Co Galway.

Sir, – Brendan O’Donoghue (August 15th) is right to point out that tax relief on medical expenses is no use if you don’t earn enough to pay tax. However this is but one of the many inequities caused by our threshold-based social support system.

For example, if an aspiring student from a very disadvantaged background takes a summer job and earns, say, €1,000, they could easily find that their family income, which is used to calculate grant eligibility, then exceeds the threshold for the highest rate of grant. This could result in a loss of almost €3,000, giving a marginal tax rate of 300 per cent. This is unjust and unnecessary.

Unjust because no one should face such confiscatory levels of tax.

After all, we are repeatedly told that at a marginal rate of 60 per cent our highest earners would lose the “incentive to work”.

Unnecessary because the single step-like cut-off arrangement is a hangover from pre-computer days when eligibility had to be calculated manually.

It is a trivial IT problem to arrange for a graduated payment of benefits so that those marginally above the limit receive some (reduced) benefit. Of course, if this change is to be revenue-neutral, those just below the limit will see some reduction in benefit also. Similar changes across a range of benefits would together deliver increased equity and economic efficiency. – Yours, etc,

Dr KEVIN T RYAN,

Castletroy Heights,

Limerick.

Sir, – My husband died this year, in mid-May. Within days, I began the administration, including advising AIB to close his account. Obviously, all standing orders to be cancelled. However, without funds in the (now dormant) account, AIB paid the following month’s rent on our apartment.

Three phone calls and a personal visit followed, where I produced all paperwork, including an original death certificate.

By mid-June, my husband’s death had been recorded and noted by at least four AIB employees. I had agreed, even though the mistake was theirs, to repay the amount of the rent, once I had my affairs in order. Next, a letter arrived, dated July 3rd. The Dickensian wording announced: “Notification issued pursuant to applicable law”.

It was addressed to and advised my dead husband in stern tones that his account was overdrawn and that steps would be taken.

An embarrassed woman at AIB assured me that the bereavement section would contact me to discuss this dreadful and distressing error. No follow-up call ever came.

The agency that manages rentals in my building has just informed me that AIB has, without any further reference to me, contacted the proprietor of my apartment, requesting the return of the rent it paid in error.

At one of the most stressful times in my life, I have made every effort in this debacle. AIB has demonstrated a stunning lack of efficiency at every turn. Now they have shown a complete lack of scruple, not to mention the absence of that old-fashioned thing, compassion. – Yours, etc,

JANE SHORTALL,

Clontarf,

Sir, – Further to Ann Marie Hourihane’s “Most tourists want to hear the real Dub accent” (August 29th) on the Learning for Life programme, Diageo is the ideal company for it. After all, as Guinness, it has a track record in youth employment going back to 1901. Initially confined to the sons of Guinness employees, it was not long before it became an open competition. The Guinness exam, as it was called, continued until 1968, at which stage free secondary education rendered it surplus to requirements.

The Guinness exam became an institution in working-class Dublin. Over the years thousands of young men between the ages of 14 and 15 sat the exam, and some 4,000 to 5,000 were successful, and went on to work there in different parts of the company.

However, not content with providing essential job experience, the young men were expected to continue their education. The company paid the fees for whatever area of education chosen, and success in the particular exams was rewarded.

I sometimes feel that there is a case to be made for some version of the above: it is quite clear that a significant percentage of teenagers are not academically inclined and frequently drop out of school early. A scheme similar to the Guinness exam might be a way of giving these young people an incentive to work and study.

In conclusion, may I wish the 15 people on the “Learning for Life Programme” continued success. – Yours, etc,

WILLIAM MULLEN,

Ballyroan,

Templeogue, Dublin 16.

Sir, – May I add to Patsy McGarry’s discussion of the cappuccino (“In a word”, August, 25th)?

The drink originated as the coffee beverage kapuziner in the Viennese coffee houses of the 1700s though it is now known in Vienna as a melange, but in northern Italy, which used to belong to Austria, it is called a café Viennois.

Cappuccino as we write it today (in Italian) was first mentioned in Italy in the 1930s following the introduction of espresso machines.

It’s enough to make you reach for an Irish coffee, but that’s another story.

The entertaining myth that the name derived from Marco d’Aviano, the Capuchin preacher and miracle worker, emerged only in the 1990s during the process for his beatification.

It is true that the many bags of coffee abandoned by the OttomanTurks after their 1683 defeat in the Battle of Vienna led to the opening of local coffee houses that flourish to this day, and in one of which this letter is written – over a caffé latte. – Yours, etc,

Dr JOHN DOHERTY,

Operngasse,

Vienna,

Sir, – The ice bucket challenge is cold, but the enormous goodwill it has spread throughout the country, not to mention the vast amount of money which is still pouring in for motor neuron research – it has topped the million euro mark – would warm the cockles of one’s heart.

I am sure I speak for everyone who suffers from motor neuron disease – I got my diagnosis 14 years ago – when I say a heartfelt thanks to all of you, young and old, including my own grandchildren and their friends, for taking up the challenge and donating money to fund research into this cruel disease. As yet, there is no cure for motor neuron disease. The cause is unknown and, indeed, apart from the tender loving care given by family, friends and medical personnel, there is no treatment. It is uplifting to know that, with your help, sooner rather than later, research will discover the cause of this dreaded disease. Then, of course, a cure will follow! Mile buíochas díobh uilig. – Yours, etc,

BRENDA MAGUIRE,

Foster Avenue,

Mount Merrion,

Co Dublin.

Sir, – We had reason to attend Barretstown recently for a few days on a camp with our daughter.

The whole experience was inspiring from start to finish. The setting of the facility, the engagement and understanding of all staff, including team leaders and volunteers who were on hand at all times with every conceivable offer of help, had to be seen and experienced to be believed.

The range of appropriate activities, coupled with top-class catering, made for a wonderful all-round experience.

This is its 20th year since it was established by its founder Paul Newman. When one considers it survives almost totally through voluntary assistance, and the support it receives from the general public through various fundraising efforts, one cannot but be impressed.

It is run on the most professional and cost-effective basis.

Against the background of recent controversies connected to the charitable sector in general, it is most important to highlight the good that is being done. – Yours, etc,

PATRICK and

FIONA FLANAGAN,

Moyglare Village,

Maynooth,

Sir, – A recent report published in Foreign Affairs magazine contends that it may make more sense for the International Monetary Fund and central banks to give money directly to households as oppose to banks. This extra money would improve the budgets of these individual households, allowing them to spend more, thus helping the local economy, or pay down debts, thus improving banks’ balance sheets.

This idea was previously muted by Jon Stewart some years ago. Mr Stewart is an American comedian and host of The Daily Show.

Makes you wonder who we should be really listening to! – Yours, etc,

JOHN GRIMES ,

The Old Rectory,

Collon,

Co Louth.

Sir, – Although we can’t solve the mystery of the first World War painting The Last General Absolution of the Munsters at Rue du Boi (“Painting of first World War blessing stirs memories”, August 23rd), it may interest your readers to note that Rev Gleeson’s class photograph and matriculation information can be found in the archive of St Patrick’s College, Maynooth.

The exhibition “Maynooth College 1914-1918” in the Russell Library showcases this and other fascinating material. – Yours, etc,

HUGH MURPHY,

Senior Librarian,

Maynooth University

Library,

Co Kildare.

Irish Independent:

Your August 29 news item reporting the unveiling of a Cahersiveen memorial plaque in honour of Daniel O’Connell coincides with news that pressure is growing for a similar public mark of recognition in London.

When Francis Campbell, former British Ambassador to the Vatican, took over the leadership of London‘s St Mary’s University earlier this month, he gave several newspaper interviews.

In the course of these interviews he called for the erection of a statue in London’s Parliament Square in honour of Mr O’Connell.

The timing of the suggestion coincides with the recent announcement of British government plans to create a memorial to Mahatma Gandhi, who acknowledged the inspiration of O’Connell in his own non-violent civil rights struggle for national freedom.

Over 100 years ago the Catholic parish church of Cahersiveen was officially named Daniel O’Connell Memorial Church of the Holy Cross in recognition of O’Connell’s human rights leadership in both Ireland and Britain. The time is surely right for Britain to recognise this outstanding member of the House of Commons, and I urge Irish Independent readers to support this campaign.Alan Whelan,Heronsforde, London Boom led to Ireland’s decline

Fred Meaney highlights the fact that “there are so many things in our society that are not acceptable” (Letters, August 30).

He fails to mention the fact that all of these problems were made much worse by the bankrupting of the country by the decisions of a small number of its most powerful citizens during the years of the boom. The biggest calamity since independence was missed by those who are now complaining about its consequences.

A Leavy, Sutton, Dublin 13

A return to ‘puke football’

For the last week I looked forward to the replay of the SFC semi-final. I, along with many others, thought it very unfair to ask these warriors to go back out within six days and go to war once again, especially as they are amateurs.

However, both sets of players, like so many times in the past, just wanted to wear the county jersey with pride and worry about injuries later. Though the game between Kerry and Mayo was exciting it was – as best described some years ago by the game’s finest-ever footballer – ‘puke football’. I can’t ever remember seeing any team engage in so much pulling and dragging. It certainly had little to do with football.

The winners of yesterday’s semi-final will sleep easy in their beds and not have too many nightmares, I’m sure.

Fred Molloy, Glenville, Dublin 15

Obama must stand up to Putin

US President Barack Obama needs to grow a spine, take a leaf from Reaganist foreign policy, and meet expansionist Russian President Vladimir Putin head on. Send American soldiers to Ukraine – at Kiev’s request, of course – and call Putin’s bluff. No Russian soldier will kill an American one outside a declared state of war, in the knowledge that to do so would itself create that state of war.

With their advance halted by an American presence, backed by the 10,000-odd soldiers NATO is mobilising in the area, any further Russian incursions will be prevented, and an end will have been put to this episode once and for all.

Killian Foley-Walsh, Kilkenny city

Squeezed middle have it easy

References to the so-called squeezed middle in pursuit of a particular agenda simply don’t bear scrutiny. Many of these people or families have a weekly income, after tax, of €1,000 or more, when tax breaks and the very significant college fee subsidy are taken into account. Yet many families have to get by on a weekly income of less than a third of that.

These are the people who are truly being squeezed. At this back-to-school time they will be driven, by sheer need, into the arms of moneylenders. In fact, they are regularly squeezed till they cry out in pain, at which point gardai are often called.

They did not have the capital to take part in an irresponsible property investment binge, yet they have ended up paying for one, ironically. The so-called squeezed middle might, more accurately, be referred to as ‘middle income, high expectation’.

Cadhla Ni Frithile, Clonard, Wexford

Fishing not an option in Famine

Tommy Shields (Letters, August 29) tells how upon visiting a museum in Kerry he happened upon two words – “fishing failed” in relation to the Great Famine. “Surely fishing could not have failed all around the coasts of Ireland?” he asked.

The Famine had its most devastating effect in the west of Ireland. Unfortunately the west coast also has our most treacherous waters.

By the time of the Famine, Ireland had been deforested and timber was at a premium. The only boat available to the inhabitants was the curragh – a small boat made of animal hide covering a light timber frame. These boats were incapable of deep sea fishing and were extremely dangerous in the Atlantic Ocean.

Another problem was the lack of refrigeration and the high cost of preservation salts. In effect, this meant that, even if large quantities of fish had been caught, there was no means of preserving for transport inland.

John Bellew, Dunleer, Co Louth

Ryanair check-ins ‘unfair’

I am appalled by the way in which Ryanair is now operating online check-ins. While checking in online for my trip on August 30 from Dublin to Zadar, in Croatia, I found that I could not check in for my return flight and print the boarding pass until seven days and two hours before departure.

What this means is, that in order to print my return boarding pass before leaving the country, I have to pay €5 per person per seat for the privilege of printing the relevant pass.

Where I am travelling to in Zadar has no internet access and my departing flight leaves early in the morning on August 30 (the only time I could possibly print the pass while still in Ireland). I think this new practice is very unfair

Margaret Jacob, Address with Editor

Time to act on hare coursing

The Minister for Arts and Heritage, Heather Humphreys, has a peculiar attitude to the preservation and protection of wildlife.

On August 13, she condemned the illegal shooting of a protected peregrine falcon. She stated: “It is intolerable for birds of prey and other wildlife to be persecuted, poisoned or shot”. She also expressed concern that the incident might impugn our international image as a nation that treasures its wildlife heritage.

Less than 48 hours later, Ms Humphreys issued a licence permitting the capture of hares for coursing, in which they will serve as live bait for greyhounds. Thousands of the timid creatures will be netted in the Irish countryside. A percentage will die in the struggle to break free and others will perish in captivity. And on coursing day a percentage will be mauled or forcibly struck by the muzzled but hyped-up greyhounds.

The minister issued the hare coursing licence despite numerous appeals from animal protection and conservation groups not to do so.

John Fitzgerald, Callan, Co Kilkenny

Irish Independent


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2 September 2014 GP

I jog around the park I still have arthritis in my left knee, but I manage to get round the park. A wettish day. I scan some books.

I bump in to Mary and she has a fall shes a little worse today, rabbit for tea and her back pain is still there.

Obituary:

Frank Shipway – obituary

Frank Shipway was a British conductor whose dynamic personality drove musicians to the edge of their ability — and patience

Frank Shipway circa 1970

Frank Shipway circa 1970 Photo: T.P/LEBRECHT MUSIC & ARTS

6:39PM BST 31 Aug 2014

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Frank Shipway, who has died aged 79 following a car accident, was a British conductor whose dynamic personality inspired his orchestral musicians to create music of a quality they had scarcely imagined; he could also be a tyrant in the mould of Herbert von Karajan, one of his mentors.

For many years Shipway’s power base was the Forest Philharmonic Society in Walthamstow, east London. This community orchestra has an outstanding reputation and is made up of professional people — doctors, lawyers, accountants — augmented by a smattering of full-time musicians.

Shipway, an irrepressible showman, taught the orchestra to think big, engaging top-flight soloists and arranging concerts at the Festival Hall which, to the astonishment of the critics, sold out. His unforgiving demands on the musicians drove many to new heights — his accounts of Mahler and Strauss were statesmanlike, authoritative and invigorating — while driving others away.

He would walk offstage mid-rehearsal to calm his temper; stop a performance to glare at a cougher in the audience; and send a secretary to check on absent players. Behind his back he was known to some as “Frank von S***way”, while others suggested that the FPS emblazoned on the orchestra’s blue and gold banner above the stage stood for Frank “Pushy” Shipway.

Alec Forshaw, in his memoir 1970s London, recalled of playing with the orchestra: “For those without thick skins the sectional rehearsals could be an unsettling experience, where [Shipway] would unerringly pick on the weak and nervous to play on their own.”

Perhaps unsurprisingly, Shipway worked at Glyndebourne for only one season; his appearances with professional British orchestras were limited to out-of-town concerts; and Sir Colin Davis at the Royal Opera House rejected the opportunity to engage the cape-wearing maestro, arguing that Shipway would always be hindered by his “air de grandeur”.

On one occasion the members of a Belgian orchestra went on strike in protest at Shipway’s dictatorial style. “I cannot have friends in the orchestra,” he once explained in a television documentary — adding that, for a true conductor, the orchestra had to be regarded as an opponent.

Frank Edwin Shipway was born in Birmingham on July 9 1935. He described a miserable childhood and how his father snapped at him whenever he played a wrong note on the piano. “I loathed it,” he told the Hereford Times in 2008, when he conducted the Royal Philharmonic Orchestra at Malvern, where he lived, “but he stood over me with the proverbial stick and shouted.”

He was taught piano by Ailsa Verity, whose husband paid for the Birmingham Philharmonic Orchestra to accompany her star pupils. A fellow student recalled how Shipway “had an extravagant piano style. He would slam down the final chords of a big piece and sit there with his right arm swinging by his side before taking a bow.” On one occasion he reputedly broke the string of an upright piano with the strength of his performance.

He won a piano scholarship to the Royal College of Music but, after what he described as “a certain amount of manoeuvring”, switched to conducting, taking lessons from Sir John Barbirolli and attending masterclasses with von Karajan, whose characteristics he mimicked: the black polo-necked shirt; the sweater draped over his shoulders; even, on occasions, a fake German accent that barely disguised his regional tones. At home he wore a velvet smoking jacket and puffed on a large Cuban cigar.

He was at Glyndebourne in 1961, and two years later took over the South-West Essex Symphony Orchestra, which was soon renamed the Forest Philharmonic Society. This small ensemble, which gave occasional performances in Walthamstow Assembly Hall, soon morphed into a well-organised machine with 105 players from across the capital who, every Monday evening, made the trek to the far end of the Victoria line and beyond. “We are a non-professional orchestra run on very professional lines,” he said, adding that “we had very little money and we took some dangerous risks”.

Those risks included performances at the Festival Hall of Elgar’s The Dream of Gerontius in 1973, Berlioz’s The Damnation of Faust in 1976 and, for the Silver Jubilee year, Mahler’s Symphony of a Thousand at the Albert Hall with almost the full complement of 1,000 orchestral musicians and singers, including the Hertfordshire Chorus, which he directed from 1970 to 1977.

Meanwhile, thanks to enlightened sponsorship from Langham Life Assurance and the benevolence of the London Borough of Waltham Forest, soloists such as Shura Cherkassky ventured to north-east London to play Rachmaninov’s Rhapsody on a Theme of Paganini, and John Shirley-Quirk sang the The Bells by the same composer.

In 1973 Shipway became assistant conductor to Lorin Maazel at the Deutsche Oper Berlin. In the early 1990s he founded the Orchestra Sinfonica Nazionale della RAI in Turin, serving as its chief conductor for four years and returning in 2004 to conduct a celebration of Carlo Maria Giulini’s 90th birthday.

He joined the BRT Philharmonic Orchestra in Brussels in 1996, again drawing lush, romantic sounds on stage while antagonising many of the players off it. Three years later he became artistic director of the Zagreb Philharmonic in Croatia.

Latterly he had been a regular conductor with the São Paulo Symphony Orchestra in Brazil, and the Kuopio Symphony Orchestra, in Finland, to whom he recently explained: “I’m older, more experienced and more patient”.

Only a handful of recordings exist of Shipway conducting, of which two in particular – Mahler’s Symphony No 5 and Shostakovich’s Symphony No 10, both with the Royal Philharmonic Orchestra – have attracted widespread praise. His account of Strauss’s Alpine Symphony with the São Paulo Symphony Orchestra was shortlisted for the BBC Music Magazine awards this year.

In 2009 he left Malvern to settle near Devizes, Wiltshire. Despite being in his mid-seventies, Shipway rewired the house himself, built a new kitchen and sewn his own curtains. He also threw himself into local life, joining Chirton parish council, directing the Devizes Junior Eisteddfod and enjoying long and liquid lunches, which often evolved into dinner.

He is survived by his wife, Carmen, who was administrator of the Zagreb Philharmonic, and by a daughter from a previous marriage.

Frank Shipway, born July 9 1935, died August 6 2014

Guardian:

A woman vacuuming ‘Better “eco-design” for domestic appliances [such as vacuum cleaners] can reduce energy consumption without ­damaging performance.’ Photograph: Iris Friedrich/Getty Images

New EU rules on vacuum cleaners will not harm people with dust allergies as your correspondent (Letters, 25 August) suggests. The new rules – supported by most manufacturers and agreed by national governments – will not mean vacuum cleaners picking up less dust or extended vacuuming time. And they include tough standards to reduce dust escaping from the back. The whole point is that better “eco-design” for domestic appliances can reduce energy consumption without damaging performance. That is good for the economy, the environment, energy bills and reducing dependence on energy imported from Russia and the Middle East.

Another reader asks when the EU will ban the most powerful cars. The short answer is that car-producing companies have to meet a (falling) average CO2-emission limit for their fleets of cars, in effect removing the worst fuel-guzzlers.
Mark English
Head of media, European Commission Office in London

Elliot Hartley of Garsdale Design. Elliot Hartley of Garsdale Design. Photograph: Christopher Thomond For The Guar/Christopher Thomond

Why is it strange that Garsdale Design, a family firm of architects in Sedbergh, are designing for cities like Nasiriyah (The Yorkshire Dales family who are designing entire cities in Iraq, theguardian.com, 26 August)? What is odd is that they don’t go there. From here in the Shropshire hills we run an extremely successful Manchester University-based archaeological project in Iraq, spending three months a year near Nasiriyah, excavating and training. As in Cumbria or Shropshire, the weather can be rough, and the services are a bit basic (hurry up, Garsdales), but the rewards are more than worth it. In our case, those rewards are not financial, but there is so much business to be had in southern Iraq, the really strange thing is that the British leave all the opportunities to the Italians, Russians, Austrians and other nationalities, who seem to be working there without too much trouble. Perhaps it helps if you don’t read British newspapers.
Dr Jane Moon
Director, Ur Region Archaeology Project

• Craig Sams (Questions raised by the rise of Isis, Letters, 28 August) plays the game of moral equivalence that so many enjoyed in the 1930s. Had he been around after the Nazi invasions of the Rhineland and Austria, he would doubtless have written: “Now they have established a base where they can fulfil their dream of an Aryan state. Why not let them have it? Agree new borders with France, Belgium, Luxembourg, the Netherlands, Denmark, Poland, Czechoslovakia, Hungary and Italy to replace the arbitrary frontiers settled by the Treaty of Versailles, encourage the repopulation of the region with Aryans and fund the relocation of Jews and Romanies. The United States of America were established against a similar background of desperation mixed with terrorist cruelty – existential challenges bring out the worst in people. The west supported the American dream, so why not the Nazi one?”
Dr Anne Summers
London

New low-cost toilet for Indian villages One of more than 100 low-cost toilets built at Katra village in Badaun Uttar Pradesh, India, to launch a nation-wide ‘Toilet for Every House’ campaign. Photograph: Harish Tyagi/EPA

Two-and-a-half billion people lack access to improved sanitation, but there’s more to sanitation than just toilets (Global lack of toilets afflicting 2.5bn people – UN, 29 August). Increased media attention on the issue is welcome, particularly a focus on women and girls. However, a solution will only be achieved if the response takes into account the entire process from toilet to disposal or reuse. In reality, this involves improving capture, storage, transport, treatment and disposal or reuse of human waste.

In Zambia, where nearly two-thirds of Lusaka’s 2.3 million residents depend on pit latrines, the biggest sanitation issue is contamination from untreated human waste. When these latrines are full, most landlords choose to bury the sludge nearby, contributing to the contamination of open areas and shallow groundwater. This results in annual outbreaks of cholera in the poorest urban areas.

With sewers ruled out due to geology and expense, a professional pit-emptying service is being trialled in Kanyama, one of the poorest urban areas. Once removed, the waste is treated and sold on as fertiliser for local agricultural production. Demand has remained high since the service began in early 2013, with 10,000 people benefiting from the emptying of 600 pit latrines. Although this service is in the early stages, the results are positive: faecal waste is being more effectively removed from the community, emptying practices are more hygienic and dignified, and customers are happier.

This is just one example of going beyond building toilets, and is the tip of the iceberg. To improve the lives of 2.5 billion people, we need to do more than just build toilets. We need to improve all the links in the chain and make sanitation a safe, sustainable service.
Neil Jeffery
Chief executive officer, Water & Sanitation for the Urban Poor (WSUP)

• I was dismayed to read about the lack of sanitation in parts of rural India (Snakes, hyenas, murderers: the risk 600m Indians run for lack of toilets, 29 August). I have worked in Papua New Guinea with an NGO that has developed a simple latrine based on a reasonably deep pit, say 2m, with a simple concrete slab over it. This can be covered with a simple hut made from local materials.

In my (retired) voluntary work in Tanzania there are many latrines that are only a hole in the ground with timber boarding over, plus thatch screening.

A combination of these designs would be a concrete slab with a hole in centre over a “long drop” hole. A screen or small hut can be built over it for privacy and cover from rain. Two steel hooks in the side would allow the slab to be slid over to a new hole. The contents of the first hole, if left for 12 months, would be a good source of fertiliser. The only cost would be the concrete, easily constructed by the people themselves. A good source for ideas is the website Appropriate Technology.
Phil Barlow
Nottingham

• Reading about the problems caused by a lack of toilets reminded me of the harvest camps my father’s Birmingham school organised in the Vale of Evesham during the war, where the sixth-formers spent weeks picking fruit and vegetables on farms. They camped in a field with no flushing toilets available; instead latrines were dug – a trench (which was filled in gradually as it was used) surrounded by hessian cubicles. What could be simpler or more hygienic?
Helen Keating
Gatehouse of Fleet, Dumfries & Galloway

It is good to see that Cardiff’s land-grab has boomeranged back on them, with apologies multiplying attention to Newport as the home of the UK’s most prestigious event. Your editorial (In praise of… Newport, 31 August) is woefully out of date. Newport’s location is firmly anchored in Wales and has been since 1974. The image of deprivation is an old and false stereotype. Newport has bounced back from heavy industry job losses with high-quality public sector jobs that augur well for a prosperous future.
Paul Flynn MP
Labour, Newport West

• You state (Grander designs at Guédelon – the building site where it’s forever 1245, 28 August) that a rope with 13 equally spaced knots is used for “measuring, marking circles and other geometric figures”. Many schoolchildren would be able to say that such an arrangement would be used to form a 3, 4, 5 triangle to construct a right angle. This device is very old: one of them was found in the Egyptian tomb of a pyramid constructor.
David Fawcett
Binfield, Berkshire

• I wonder which journalist started the now-ubiquitous usage of the word pomp (“in his pomp”) instead of the correct prime or heyday (Comment, 27 August)? I fear the solecism is now so firmly entrenched that, like enormity instead of immensity, it’s ineradicable.
Helena Newton
Ilford

• Surely the reason for the elite bias in the media (Comment, 29 August) is that Oxbridge and the independent schools provide the best media studies courses.
Peter Taylor
Tynemouth

• Steve Bell’s Scotch-speak tutor has let him down in this instance (If…, G2, 1 September). It’s not “the money we’ll hauf tae spend”; a hauf is the official measure of the ardent spirits with which we celebrate all the money we will hae tae spend. I hope that’s clarified things.
Fiona Allen
Edinburgh

• Can anyone suggest a use for whisky tins that are no longer useful for storing tax discs (End of the road for tax discs – and their top fan, 30 August)?
Derek Chown
Stowmarket, Suffolk

Professor Alexis Jay ‘There has been little or no attempt on the part of the media to scrutinise Professor Alexis Jay’s report into sexual abuse in Rotherham.’ Photograph: Dave Higgens/PA

Jonathan Freedland (The ‘PC gone mad’ defence is itself a form of racism, 30 August) labels as being guilty of “the laziest form of prejudice” any who assumed that the British Muslim community would be anything other than enthusiastic participants in the prosecution of abusers in their midst. In the same issue, Ruzwana Bashir courageously recounts her own story of sexual abuse by a neighbour in Skipton, reporting how she, and other victims of sustained abuse, were actively discouraged by family and friends from pressing claims against their abusers. The abusers, once finally prosecuted and imprisoned, were welcomed back into their communities on release. By contrast, the victims were shunned. I draw no grand conclusions from this, and agree with both writers regarding the required improvement of support for victims of abuse. However, Mr Freedland’s argument may display the very type of political correctness that stands in the way of an honest understanding of this issue.
Allan Marson
Edinburgh

• Jonathan Freedland is right. Political correctness is essentially racist, if a blind eye was turned in Rotherham under the assumption that Muslims do not share “in the collective revulsion at child rape or bloody tyranny in Mosul”. The same is true for multiculturalism, for it treats all cultures, no matter how backward some aspects are, as equally valuable. Turning a blind eye to backward treatment of women and superstition assumes that these communities, because of their heritage, cannot aspire to the enlightenment of 21st-century Britain. That is racism.
Fawzi Ibrahim
London
• I am truly appalled that Ms Bashir suffered abuse as a child and that her family and the broader Pakistani community were not supportive. Appalled, but not surprised. Women have no status in Pakistani culture. We know of “honour killings’, forced marriages and now, thanks to Ms Bashir, we know that sexual abuse is not considered a crime by many Pakistani men. The fact that we have been prevented from saying so does not make it any less true.

Ms Bashir suggests several ways in which the problem can be addressed, and I do not disagree with her. But whatever the many failures in the system, the abuse in Rotherham must be called by its name – racial crime. Asian men chose to abuse white children. If white men had targeted black children there would be no argument.

I would like to hear leaders of the Pakistani community say they are sickened by the abuse in Rotherham and elsewhere, and that England, for all its faults, has been a fair, tolerant host for tens of thousands of immigrants, who have been offered jobs, homes, education and freedom of religious thought, amongst other benefits. I would also like to hear them say they are addressing the issue of women’s rights within their communities and are complying with the law in this regard. At the moment the silence is deafening.
Geraldine Armstrong
Glenmore, Co Kilkenny, Ireland

• As a social worker in child protection, I was prevented from exposing child sexual abuse by what I believed to be a culture of fear and shame in social services. Suspicious that children were being sexually abused, I encouraged their mothers to come to a group for social time, hoping that, gradually, they would begin to talk freely about home circumstances, and this they did. However, the suspected abuser must have become suspicious. He wrote to the director of social services demanding that I be removed from the case and to see the files on the case. I was removed and he did see the files (I had not recorded my suspicions). Years later, a health visitor told me the man had served a prison sentence for the abuse and grooming of several children.

I believe I was taken off the case because my managers were frightened the man would go to the press with complaints about social service intervention in his private life. Also, the mothers were in some fear of speaking out.

Abuse will continue to be covered up while those employed to expose it are not believed, or consulted.
Name and address supplied

• It is beyond doubt not only that many young people were sexually exploited in Rotherham but that they were failed by officials charged with protecting them. But coverage of Alexis Jay’s report into the case amounts to near hysteria. There has been little or no attempt on the part of the media to scrutinise the report, or enter into any sober analysis of its extensive and detailed findings. There has, for example, been no discussion of the rather crude methods used to produce the estimate of a minimum of 1,400 victims between 1997 and 2013. Even Jay warned that “the data must be treated with caution”.

There has been a wholesale condemnation of practitioners involved in child protection in Rotherham, but little recognition of the fact – acknowledged in the report – that large numbers of staff, especially those in the frontline – carried out good work.

I have been involved in child protection research for more than 25 years – a career that has included two major studies into child sexual exploitation. I have always been struck, by the commitment and ability of staff involved in child protection. I believe that a more considered examination of events in Rotherham would show this to true of workers in that area also.
Dr Bernard Gallagher
Centre for Applied Childhood and Family Studies, University of Huddersfield

• Following the resignation of Lady Butler-Sloss on 14 July, who has been appointed to lead the public inquiry into organised child abuse in her place? The foot-dragging on this is inexcusable. Clearly, any leak of information prior to a general election might be a game-changer. So it might be politically expedient to drag one’s heels on this matter.

Professor Jay appears to have conducted a no-holds-barred inquiry in Rotherham, not only highlighting establishment failures but the ruined career of a woman who had tried to write a report on systemic failures there. However, the only convictions in Rotherham appear to be five men aged 21 to 30. These men could not been actively abusing children when they themselves were children in 1997.

Surely Professor Jay’s report qualifies her to lead a thorough investigation with full public support? It would also allow her to follow up the lack of action against complicit police and council employees in Rotherham. I would suggest that her deputies might be the MPs Simon Danczuk and Tom Watson, who have campaigned so well.
Helen Pender
Oakham, Rutland

• There is no way, with present vastly overstretched resources, that the situation revealed by Alexis Jay’s report can be appropriately dealt with; an enormous increase in resources would be needed. This is never acknowledged, while overwhelmed social workers are blamed.
Felicity Whittaker
Former social worker, Bedford

Independent:

Times:

Deep divisions have been exposed by both the Yes and No campaigns

Sir, Magnus Linklater (Opinion, Sept 1) is right. Deep divisions have been exposed by both the Yes and No campaigns and opened up wounds which will be hard to heal. The Church of Scotland decided to remain neutral, but influential members of the Kirk deeply committed to social justice, including the leader of the Iona Community Peter MacDonald, are expressing the concerns shared by many of us who work with and for the poorest citizens of England and voting yes.

He said: “I no longer believe the Westminster government is capable of delivering the socially just and equitable society in which I want to live. The British state no longer serves the needs of all its people. Economic policies have favoured the wealthy who have grown richer, and stigmatised the poor and vulnerable who are paying for the failures of the private financial sector.” Even if Scotland votes No the wounds will remain unhealed north and south of the border until confidence of every UK citizen in the fairness of the Westminster government is restored.

The Rev Paul Nicolson

Taxpayers Against Poverty

London N17

Sir, In the wake of the second referendum debate there has been much triumphalism on the Yes side, which feels that Alex Salmond’s performance will lead to ultimate victory. If that proves to be true it is an alarming premonition of “independence” since all he did was heckle Alistair Darling in front of a partisan crowd bent on drowning out any argument it did not want to hear.

This is not what passes for debating in a civilised nation and I doubt any uncommitted voter was converted to the cause of destroying that most successful union: the United Kingdom.

The Rev Dr John Cameron

St Andrews, Fife

Sir, The choice of 2014 for the Scottish referendum may have suited those in favour of independence, being the 700th anniversary of the great Scottish victory over England at Bannockburn. They may have forgotten another important anniversary. It is 500 years since the birth of John Knox, who sought to bring the two nations together and used his influence to enlist English soldiers to fight alongside the Scots, for the first time, to successfully drive out the French from Edinburgh.

He was instrumental in shaping the Scottish character, the national church and other admirable institutions and paved the way for the union of a shared sovereign in 1603 and the eventual complete union in 1707 which has served both nations very well.

Dr Brian Scott

Lincoln

Sir, In championing the use of the current British summer time throughout the year, Stephen Williams (letters, Aug 30) demonstrates the arrogance of those south of the border from which I, for one, would like to escape. Are we to be eternally grateful that we in Scotland are in receipt of that which the UK government has “afforded them in the past”. He gives the game away by declaring only a “passing interest” in the referendum. Perhaps if he had paid more attention he would understand our reaction to such an attitude.

Paul N Hutchison

Crail, Fife

Sir, One of the frustrations of being a Scot in the United Kingdom is the common assumption south of the border that anything true of England must also be true of Scotland. A classic example is Alexandra Frean’s US Notebook (Opinion, Aug 29). She informs us that in the four-year degrees in the US, “students are not required to specialise until the end of the second year”, a system, she adds that, “British universities might do well to emulate”.

Scottish universities have long done this, and their example has influenced the US.

David Stevenson

Professor Emeritus of Scottish History, University of St Andrews

Fife

Sir, Charles McCarthy (letters, Aug 30) says that Scotland would be the only nation that has rejected independence. He seems to have conveniently forgotten that Quebec twice rejected independence from Canada in referendums in 1980 and 1995.

Simon Baker

Hereford

Why was Grimsby overlooked?

Sir, Thank you for your guide to the 30 best places to eat fish and chips in Britain (Weekend, Aug 30). As epicureans know the best potatoes are grown in Lincolnshire and Grimsby is Europe’s most important fish market. You do not list a “chippy” within 100 miles of the home of fish and chips. Your supplement will come in handy as a traditional wrapper.

Andy Cole

Cleethorpes, Lincs

Ukip and the SDP

Sir, Comparing Ukip with the SDP in the 1980s — as vigorous small political parties attracting much public and media attention — it is worth pointing out that the initial election of high-profile well-known SDP candidates did much to distort the true national picture of the party’s support, evidenced by a poor overall result for them at the 1983 election.

I predict a win for Douglas Carswell in Clacton this autumn on a low poll, followed by a narrow victory in May 2015, then a defeat later in 2015.

William Grierson

Kimpton, Herts

Charity speaks out on Rotherham

Sir, The reader who referred to the Rotherham victims’ parents as “the authors of all this misfortune” in her recent letter (Aug 29) negates the complexity of child sexual exploitation.

A child protection model that focuses on identifying risks in the home misses the needs of older children, who often believe they are in a consensual relationship with their groomer. It also fails to acknowledge that the grooming process relies on perpetrators deliberately driving a wedge between the child and their parents. So when the social worker reports an “unstable home life”, they are negating the possibility that it is the perpetrators of the abuse who have brought instability to a once normal, functional household.

The charity I manage, Parents Against Child Sexual Exploitation (Pace), works with hundreds of parents who have battled for the police to take action against perpetrators of sexual abuse against their children. Many have kept highly detailed logs of their child’s abuse. Yet lamentably few parents have seen the perpetrator of the child’s abuse arrested, let alone prosecuted. The collective sense of frustration towards the statutory services is palpable.

We cannot afford to repeat the travesty of Rotherham. It is time to rebuild a sense of trust between parents and the police. That is why Pace is calling for every Police and Crime Commissioner to create multi-agency teams to work in partnership with parents and see them as part of the solution, not the problem. Only then can we learn from the horrors of Rotherham and focus blame where it should be — those who commit the abuse.

Gill Gibbons

CEO, Parents Against Child Sexual Exploitation (Pace)

Satisfying sounds of the parade ground

Sir, It was not only the crunch of boots on gravel that made a military parade (letter, Aug 29), it was the rattle of a small coin introduced into the magazine of the Lee Enfield which added a musical effect as well as one shouldered or presented arms. The butt of the rifle hitting the ground also signified a good parade. The tinkle of a mounted man’s spurs also turned the head of a pretty nursemaid.

Claude R Hart

Shrewsbury

Telegraph:

Déjà vu: you could be reunited with your recycled cardboard boxes sooner than you thought Photo: Alamy

6:58AM BST 01 Sep 2014

CommentsComments

SIR – I recently received a large parcel courtesy of FedEx that looked remarkably like a bundle of old, flattened cardboard boxes. Upon opening it, I was amazed to see that it was, indeed, a bundle of old, flattened cardboard boxes!

Closer inspection revealed that the outside box was one I had used to return some goods to a company in Milton Keynes, and it still had my address on it.

Clearly the company had put it by for recycling, but the ever-diligent delivery company had seen my address and decided that that was where it should go.

I’m all for recycling, but sending 500 per cent more cardboard that I had originally used over a distance of 100 miles is taking things a bit far.

John Smith
Great Moulton, Norfolk

Discussions leading up to Scotland’s referendum have neglected to mention defence

Independence: there has been little mention of defence in the Scotland debate

Independence: there has been little mention of defence in the Scotland debate Photo: Getty

6:59AM BST 01 Sep 2014

CommentsComments

SIR – I watched Alistair Darling and Alex Salmond discussing Scotland’s important vote on September 18. Twice they mentioned the NHS, which is unnecessary because the Scottish government already has the power to run the health service in Scotland. We also heard about pensions and care for the elderly and children.

Why has nobody mentioned defence? One sees pictures of Aberdeen harbour full of ships connected with the North Sea oil industry, and the sea full of oil and gas platforms. It would only take one aeroplane from a terrorist organisation to blow these ships to pieces. Arming ourselves with the equipment to defend these vital installations is not cheap.

Alex Salmond’s proposals for funding Scotland are largely based on tax revenue from the oil and gas industry and yet he would have no means to defend them.

Lady Jean Fforde
Isle of Arran

Seven-day NHS

SIR – You report that doctors may be forced to work at weekends.

Over the recent August bank holiday, I carried out daily ward rounds on Saturday, Sunday and Monday by myself. At rounds during the week, I work as part of a team, including the lead nurse from the ward, a specialist pharmacist, specialist trainees in haematology and junior trainees in general medicine, and have clerical support.

Since the vast majority of consultants already work at weekends, the challenge for the NHS is to provide appropriate support to deliver a seven-day service. As you report, Dr Mark Porter, chairman of the British Medical Association council, correctly concludes that attempting to deliver this increase in staffing levels with existing budgets is “bonkers”.

Dr Michael Galloway
Durham

A stitch in war time

SIR – My father was seriously wounded in France during the First World War and was sent to a military hospital in Sheffield, where he was in a “spinal chair”, which forced him to lie completely flat. During his two years convalescing there, he embroidered four pictures on black satin backgrounds using five strands of silk.

These pictures were intended to be cushion covers, but my mother never used them and, after my father’s death, she had them framed. One picture depicts a British bulldog sitting on a map, in the corner of which is large B.

I have seen a similar image at the War Museum and am curious to know if this embroidering was a form of therapy in those days.

Georgins Froome
Milford on Sea, Hampshire

Mother of all spots

SIR – On one of her recent visits to our house, I took my 92-year-old mother to Waitrose in Cheltenham. The car park was full, so I parked in a nice, wide “parent and child” slot.

No sooner had my mother, who’s as sprightly as a gazelle, and I alighted from the car than we were accosted by a woman who was locking hers in the neighbouring bay. Although the rear of her people-carrier was festooned with child seats, there were no children present.

“Well, at least I am a mum,” she huffed when I pointed this out.

“Well, at least I have my child with me,” retorted Mother before flouncing off to find a trolley.

Zog Ziegler
Tirley, Gloucestershire

A greener future

SIR – Leading organisations from the environment and conservation sector have developed seven goals for the next British government that would have a profoundly positive impact on the country. These include making a 2015 global climate change deal a foreign policy priority, protecting oceans and promoting energy efficiency in homes.

A global agreement to slow climate change is looking more likely than ever ahead of next year’s United Nations Climate Change Conference. There is no guarantee that we will reverse the decline in British wildlife and countryside, but there is no shortage of ideas about how to ensure nature’s recovery.

Environmental policy making is challenging and the biggest obstacle to achieving a greener Britain in recent years has been the hesitancy of our political leaders. All of the political parties would be wise to consider our goals as they develop their general election manifestos.

Shaun Spiers
Chief Executive, Campaign to Protect Rural England

Mike Clarke
Chief Executive, Royal Society for the Protection of Birds

John Sauven
Executive Director, Greenpeace UK

Dame Helen Ghosh
Director General, National Trust

Stephanie Hilborne
Chief Executive, The Wildlife Trusts

Matthew Spencer
Director, Green Alliance

Andy Atkins
Executive Director, Friends of the Earth

Stephen Joseph
Executive Director, Campaign for Better Transport

David Nussbaum
Chief Executive, World Wide Fund for Nature UK

David Baldock
Executive Director, Institute for European Environmental Policy

Sharing vapours

SIR – David Craddock’s letter about e-cigarettes in restaurants really does say it all. He is happy that he can use the devices, but “never during a meal”. I presume he means never during his meal.

Nearby diners will still be exposed to unpleasant and smelly vapours containing nicotine and other chemicals.

Nick Timms
Newark, Nottinghamshire

No dampened spirits

SIR – Am I the only one to have welcomed the damp August after a warm, early summer? It has certainly done wonders for my apples and pears and late crop of runner beans.

Ted Shorter
Tonbridge, Kent

Judge people for top jobs on merit, not background

SIR – Alan Milburn, the Government’s social mobility tsar, says the dominance of top jobs by the privately educated reflects an “elitist” culture that must be combated by declaring a workforce’s social background.

Do we really want less than the best in the top jobs? Perhaps we should focus on improving the education of the 93 per cent in state schools, rather than criticising the success of the seven per cent in private.

David Palmer
Southwold, Suffolk

SIR – It is no surprise and no harm that 71 per cent of the senior judiciary have been privately educated. Many were originally called to the bar when the profession was much smaller and more socially exclusive. Nowadays the nets are cast more widely. The Judicial Appointments Commission has replaced an older and wrongly derided system of selection, and already I notice a widening in the backgrounds of those selected as judges. Whether this does or should reflect society more is not for me to say.

His Honour Gerald Clifton
Oakham, Rutland

SIR – Military families often pass the baton from father to son – and now, daughter. For decades the only way of providing continuity of education for Services children was to send them to boarding schools, the majority of which are in the private sector, so it is hardly surprising that many officers have that background.

Cdr David Lingard (rtd)
Dartmouth, Devon

SIR – It is outrageous that the best jobs are filled by the best people from the best schools and universities. Public schools must be closed and Oxford and Cambridge dissolved immediately.

After all, this solved the problem when we had it with grammar schools.

Victor Launert
Matlock Bath, Derbyshire

Boris Johnson has announced that he hopes to stand for a parliamentary seat in 2015 Photo: PAUL GROVER

7:00AM BST 01 Sep 2014

CommentsComments

SIR – The best way to spike the guns of Douglas Carswell and Nigel Farage is for Boris Johnson to stand as Conservative candidate in the Clacton by-election. Boris would wipe the floor with both Carswell and Ukip, giving the Tories the impetus for a majority at next year’s election.

Vicki Read
Helston, Cornwall

SIR – I can understand Mr Carswell’s reasons for leaving the Conservative Party, but I cannot understand his choice of Ukip.

Deirdre Lay
Ewhurst, Surrey

SIR – I would consider Douglas Carswell’s decision more honourable, and less playing to the crowd, if he had to pay the costs of the by-election, instead of it falling on the taxpayers and his constituents.

01 Sep 2014

Duncan Feathers
Bexhill-on-sea, East Sussex

SIR – Your leading article asks: “How will a costly by-election in Clacton help the country move forward?”

The answer is that it will restore the democratic principle that you vote for the candidate whose policies you support, rather than for one who will hail your vote as endorsing policies you don’t like and a leader you don’t trust.

And if everyone who voted Ukip in the European election does so again in the general election, the country will move forward a very long way.

Roger Smith
Meppershall, Bedfordshire

SIR – Many seem to have forgotten that Harold Wilson won an election by offering renegotiation with Europe followed by a referendum. There was precious little of the former and when it came to the latter, all the main political parties together with the full force of the government machine were mobilised to ensure the outcome.

If David Cameron wins next May, we are surely in for a repeat performance.

The only way out of the EU is to elect a majority of eurosceptic MPs to Westminster.

Richard Moorfield
Threshfield, North Yorkshire

SIR – I am sitting at home wondering exactly what it means when Mr Cameron says that the terrorist threat is raised from substantial to severe. Are we all supposed to look behind us a little more when we walk the streets? Do we look in waste bins for explosive objects?

The borders are still porous, illegal immigration is running fast and loose and legal immigration is outstripping all imagination.

I suspect that Mr Cameron is simply trying to take the headlines away from Ukip. Regrettably, in light of the appalling threats we face, I am beginning to waver in my loyalties.

Mick Ferrie
Mawnan Smith, Cornwall

Irish Times:

Sir, – The current medical brain drain and the large number of unfilled consultant and GP positions in Ireland make it clear that this is not an attractive place for medics to take up work.

The doctors expected to apply for positions as consultants or GPs on inferior terms to their senior colleagues have for the last 10 to 15 years been the junior doctors staffing under-resourced hospitals and enduring poor treatment and training conditions.

A deep sense of distrust between doctors at all levels and the HSE must be addressed before any contract negotiations, or indeed the health service, can move forward. The HSE must examine honestly why medics are choosing not to work in Ireland, or our manpower crisis will worsen. – Yours, etc,

Dr STEVEN MALONEY,

Lower Rathmines Road,

Rathmines,

Dublin 6.

Sir, – Is it reasonable that a young medical doctor should leave the State soon after qualifying without returning any significant benefit to the taxpayer that funded their education?

The registration fees are about a tenth of the actual cost of training; these costs are borne by all taxpayers but the benefit – increased earning power for life – accrues to one individual.

May I respectfully suggest that a return to the exchequer could be made either by working full time in a public hospital (not private practice) for several years before leaving or undertaking to repay all or part of the true cost to the taxpayer once they exceed a comfortable living, say twice the average industrial wage, of wherever they go? This return could be used to fund more university places, reducing the strain on the public purse. Many who pay taxes cannot hope to complete such courses.

The same principle might be applied to other high earning-power graduates – a useful contribution to the State from the supply of medical, legal, engineering personnel working on socially necessary but “unprofitable” areas, such as advocacy for the disenfranchised, caring for the vulnerable, public civic projects, etc. While there are often no jobs, there is much work that needs doing to improve our society.

I’m sure a reasonable set of terms and conditions could be worked out with the relevant State departments to ensure all citizens benefit from the investment in the few. – Yours, etc,

JOHN COLLINS,

The Old Post Office,

Skeaghvasteen,

Co Kilkenny.

Sir, – The majority of medical emigrants stay on the Irish medical registrar when going abroad. The figure which is much more relevant as a measure of medical emigration is the number of requests for letters of good standing , as all those going abroad need this letter. The true level of Irish medical emigration is being underestimated. – Yours, etc,

Dr PADDY DAVERN,

Barwa City,

Qatar.

Sir, – The time for the congratulatory if not superficial tone of your editorial of August 30th (“The first, faltering steps”), noting the 20th anniversary of the IRA ceasefire, is long since past. We have a right to expect far more of the last 20 years.

Your view that prospects for the devolved administration dominated by the DUP and Sinn Féin are “good” is not shared here.

There is a profound disillusionment across the electorate with the abject failure of the Executive to move beyond merely keeping the political arrangements in place, with no attempt to tackle the radical reforms needed to move Northern Ireland out of its entrenched segregation.

An important study by Prof Colin Knox of the University of Ulster has shown that the areas where the the conflict was concentrated not only experience higher rates of multiple deprivation than other areas but that circumstances in these districts have worsened since the Executive came into office. A major study by Prof Mike Tomlinson of Queen’s University, using a different approach, reaches a similar conclusion.

We are now entering an electoral cycle over the next two years (Westminster and Assembly) where any risk-taking by the political parties will be minimal.

So, we are likely to get more of the same.

There’s a fair chance, therefore, that all you will be able to do on the 25th anniversary of the ceasefire will be to reprint your editorial. – Yours, etc,

Prof BOB OSBORNE,

Knockdene Park,

Belfast.

Sir, – On the front page of the your edition of August 23rd you carried a hugely disturbing photograph of a Palestinian with a bag over his head being lead off by Hamas militants to be “executed” in a public thoroughfare of Gaza City.

He was one of around 20 alleged collaborators shot dead by masked gunmen in the space of two or three days – each of them “convicted” of reportedly providing information to the Israelis. Inside that particular edition, another picture – this time of three Palestinians kneeling against a wall before the Hamas militants carried out their bloody slaughter. Of the 21 suspected informants, at least two were women, your newspaper reported.

Since then not a comment, as far as I can tell, from any of your columnists or letter writers – who quickly and rightly attacked the Israelis for their savagery during the latest outburst of hostilities – on these incidents of mass executions.

Not a march down O’Connell Street or any other street in protest against the killings. Not even the Seanad recalled to vent the members’ anger at this international outrage. – Yours, etc,

PM WALSH,

The Glebe,

Letterkenny,

Co Donegal.

Tue, Sep 2, 2014, 01:10

First published: Tue, Sep 2, 2014, 01:10

Sir, – Recent correspondence regarding the Barrow towpath seems to have revealed that there is considerable support for the idea of Waterways Ireland to make the towpath more accessible to a greater number of people of all physical abilities and ages.

There has been no mention in the debate of the recent and thoughtful Commission for the Economic Development of Rural Areas report, which states: “Assets with huge capacity for development in rural areas include rivers, unused rural pathways, and railways. The development of such assets for rural recreation purposes would allow for the delivery of tourism and recreation infrastructure, providing a stimulus to many local areas affected by unemployment.”

That last word, “unemployment”, is critical. The establishment of a network of long-distance cycling and walking trails, using old towpaths and closed railway lines, would create jobs and could be achieved quickly at modest cost.

The Barrow towpath is not a local issue. It needs to be seen in a national context. It could be an integral link and connector as part of a planned national cycle network, which is Government policy. I am sure a modest grit path, as suggested by other recent correspondents, and available for all users – children, wheelchair users, cyclists, families with buggies – would benefit local users and would attract more visitors (who spend money) and could be achieved with great sympathy to the environment.

The need for a national cycle network has to be recognised, and this small section of publicly owned land along the Barrow may well be an important connector needed to implement this plan. If that is the case, the greater good for the greater number needs to prevail. – Yours, etc,

BRENDAN QUINN

Ocean View,

Enniscrone,

Co Sligo.

Sir, – That the traditional Barrow towpath has survived so long without interference is a wonder in itself. I suppose it has to be widened and tamed, flattened and made visually sterile, in a politically correct attempt to make it more accessible for retired fridges and washing machines. – Yours, etc,

EUGENE TANNAM,

Monalea Park,

Firhouse,

Dublin 24.

Sir, – The naiveté demonstrated by Rev Patrick G Burke with regard to population growth is breathtaking (September 1st). His example of us not being knee deep in flies when we should have been if all the offspring of one breeding pair had survived and bred ignores the reasons why this did not happen – great fly populations were wiped out by a variety of means, which in human terms have corresponded to famines and genocidal wars interspersed with periods of low life expectancy and miserable health experiences.

The continent of Africa, for which he quotes figures, is no stranger to famine, genocidal wars, low life expectancy and miserable health experiences.

He talks of over 200 years of “lived experience”. Does he not realise that 200 years represents a mere millisecond in terms of the time humans have been reproducing? Does he not know that the increase in people on the planet in the past 50 years has exceeded the population growth up to that time in all of the ages since the first humans appeared?

He mentions Malthus. This man’s theories have never been disproved. And there is very strong evidence to suggest that, unless policies such as those adopted by China are implemented, it will only be a matter of time before they will receive as much recognition as those of Darwin and Einstein. No matter how much we increase food production by scientific means, the production capacity of the Earth still remains a finite quantity.

Some acquaintance with mathematical principles, which explain exactly what finite means (and also Malthus’s invocation of exponential growth) would greatly inform debates such as this one. – Yours, etc,

SEAMUS McKENNA,

Farrenboley Park,

Windy Arbour,

Sir, – In Ireland when landlords face financial difficulties with their lending institutions the legal redress may involve the eviction of tenants who are compliant with their obligations. A large private rented sector is a feature of housing markets in many OECD countries. In these markets compliant tenants do not face evictions. Ireland should follow these examples. In recent Seanad debates there has been strong support for the position of compliant tenants of defaulting landlords. A policy change is overdue. – Yours, etc,

Senator SEAN D BARRETT,

Seanad Éireann,

Leinster House,

Dublin 2.

Sir, – I agree with the Government Action Plan for Jobs in that there needs to be a diversification of foreign language provision in post-primary schools and a move away from the dominance of French (“Schools need to vary language teaching amid ‘predominance of French’, report suggests”, August 29th).

With 14,000 Irish people expected to move to Canada in 2014, Canadian French should be a future option. It might be more easily accommodated into the current curriculum than, say, starting Chinese from scratch. – Yours, etc,

ULTAN Ó BROIN,

South Circular Road,

Dublin 8.

Sir, – Dr Stephen Kelly (August 24th) rightly draws attention to the significant role played by Charles Haughey in the peace process. This role went back, however, long before the late 1980s to which Dr Kelly refers. Immediately after first becoming taoiseach, in 1979, Charles Haughey summoned Lady Valerie Goulding and myself, we were both in the Seanad at the time, and informed us that peace in Northern Ireland would be a prime objective of his time in office. He instructed me to step up discussions which I had previously engaged in with James Prior, Northern Ireland secretary, and asked Lady Valerie to continue with contacts she already had. We both did as requested and indeed on one occasion my late wife, Pamela, and I, stayed overnight at Hillsborough Castle as guests of Mr and Mrs Prior. However the foundations of the peace process go back even further than that, back indeed to Jack Lynch who, as taoiseach, instructed me during the period when the Irish ambassador had been withdrawn from London, to make contact with James Prior, whom I had known for many years, and who was then a cabinet minister in the British government. Other very early meetings directed towards finding a peaceful solution in Northern Ireland of which I am aware, because I was involved in them under the auspices of Jack Lynch, included meetings with John Hume, Paddy Devlin and the then Duke of Devonshire. None of these meetings or discussions were made public at the time for obvious reasons. The foundations of the peace process in fact go back over several decades. Many individuals played a role, some publicly, some very privately. All of them deserve our deepest appreciation and perhaps it is time some of this was put on the public record.

None of this detracts in any way from the key role of Albert Reynolds, whose relationship and agreement with John Major was so crucial to the peace process, and without which we might still be struggling to find peace in Northern Ireland. – Yours, etc,

Prof RICHARD CONROY,

Ailesbury Road,

Ballsbridge,

Dublin 4.

Sir, – Can there ever be a justification for Irish companies having their accounts offshore? Should any Irish company whose financial affairs are not available for inspection be awarded business from State agencies?

The accounts of any company that operates in the jurisdiction should be available for scrutiny and audit by the relevant authorities in that jurisdiction. That should be the law. – Yours, etc,

HARRY MULHERN,

Millbrook Road,

Dublin 5.

Sir, – Donald Clarke labels as “jerks” anyone who doesn’t “celebrate” the flying of a rainbow flag over a Limerick Garda station (“Garda rainbow flag signals huge strides taken on gay rights”, Opinion & Analysis, August 30th). So I’m a jerk. He also labels the theory of creationism as “absurd, prehistoric baloney”.

His article – supposedly championing tolerance – exudes intolerance. None so blind as those who will not see. – Yours, etc,

MAGDALEN O’CONNELL,

Bayside Boulevard North,

Bayside,

Dublin 13.

Sir, – I buy your newspaper daily. Why, I don’t know, since so much of what it contains offends me. – Yours, etc,

B CONLON,

Belfry Drive,

Dundalk, Co Louth.

Sir, – The letter by Prof Gerard McHugh (August 30th) is the most sensible take on the subject in a long time. Please stop blaming “the points system”. It is merely a filter. The alternative is to admit all who pass the Leaving Certificate, as happens in Germany and France, where some 60 per cent drop out. The cost in extra classroom space and staff is immense and a huge waste. Ireland cannot afford it. – Yours, etc,

Dr TIM GALLWEY

Route de Pau,

Oloron-Ste Marie, France.

Sir, – A bus just passed me with an advertisement for the EBS that read, “We wouldn’t have this house if it wasn’t for EBS”.

Wouldn’t it be nice for once to see a large billboard display on behalf of our financial institutions that read, “If it wasn’t for the Irish taxpayer, we wouldn’t have a business”? – Yours, etc,

DARREN WILLIAMS,

Sandyford View,

Blackglen Road, Dublin 18.

Sir, – I read with some disappointment of the dwindling numbers at Lough Derg this summer (“Call for pilgrims to support ancient Lough Derg pilgrimage”, August 27th).

I made my first trip to Lough Derg in June this year for a three-day pilgrimage. It was one of the most uplifting experiences I have ever had.

Parishes should really do more to promote Lough Derg and the unique experience it offers. And pilgrims should also make more efforts to share their experiences. – Yours, etc,

DAVINIA BRENNAN,

Blackpitts,

Dublin 8.

Irish Independent:

Like a lot of people, I love the classic Monty Python film ‘Life of Brian’ and no part of that comedic masterpiece contributes to the overall hilarity more than the fact that the so-called revolutionaries respond to Roman provocation by endless and rigidly controlled meetings that produce next to no tangible results.

I have to say that the recent crisis in the Ukraine has produced pretty much the same thing on the part of the world’s leaders. Russia simply keeps provoking the world to do something. It bullied Georgia into submission and division years ago and that sort of behaviour has continued. It has destabilised the entirety of eastern Ukraine, played the eastern European equivalent of the “race card” like a political Johnny Cochran and annexed the Crimea. It also now looks set to do the same to the rest of eastern Ukraine.

And yet, in spite of this medieval behaviour, how does the likes of the EU, NATO and the UN (the supposed guarantors of global peace and mediation) react? Endless rounds of meetings and statements.

It seems that, like the People’s Front of Judea from ‘Life of Brian’, they are content to respond to such brutal provocation with pointless meetings and meaningless statements that do nothing but state the obvious. It seems that when it comes to these three organisations, their idea of global peace means keeping the peace in peaceful places or endless mediation, as opposed to strong action.

It might be funny, if Ukraine wasn’t being carved up along ethnic lines like the Balkans.

Maybe at the very end, we’ll have the UN make another statement and then we can all sing ‘Always Look on the Bright Side of Life’.

Colin Smith

Clara, Co Offaly

We pay public sector pensions

Neither the public nor the private sector can exist without the other. We have created a State which employs doctors, teachers, engineers and the people who process our licences. Some are highly qualified and some are not. The private sector needs these people and their willing work.

Comparing salaries in a straight line against the equivalent worker in the private sector is very difficult and when it was tried led to a benchmarking process which became cumbersome to the point of uselessness.

The real issue here is that the people of this country are using their taxes not to create new work or adequately pay doctors or carry out research and development. A vast portion of tax money is being used to pay inflation-protected pensions to a non-working sector.

For a member of the public to gain the current pension of a teacher who retired in recent years, having worked for 40 years, they would have had to invest €1m. And even if they did that, the value of the pension they purchased would still depend on market forces. The teacher, hard-working and deserving of a decent salary and pension, did not contribute this amount and nor did her employer contribute and invest anything like this amount in any scheme on her behalf.

The pensions of the civil servants are being paid out of tax being taken from the public.

What’s more, public servants benefit from a regime which encourages education and there are generous allowances, including study leave and fees paid, for state employees who improve their qualifications.

If a member of the public wishes to improve their qualifications, they have to study at night, pay their own fees and take holiday leave in order to study and take exams.

People in the private sector enjoy few if any of the benefits afforded to public sector workers. Ideally, they should and most employers would love to provide them, but they cannot be afforded in the real market.

Aileen Lebrocquy

Ranelagh, Dublin 6

Kenny’s return to our screens

The fact that Pat Kenny will soon be back on our TV screens is surely good news, due to the skill and style he brings to his programmes. His loss to RTE remains a major one and the last year has seen little improvement by his replacement team.

Happily, Newstalk listeners can hear the gems of interviews he conducts, which often are more akin to essays than mere news reporting.

Anthony J Jordan

Sandymount, Dublin 4

Do the maths

I hope I’m not going off on a tangent, but I feel that Donegal’s score yesterday of 3.14 plays an important part in explaining how to come full circle.

Ian Cahill

Mullingar, Co Westmeath

An Irish honours list?

Following the recent death of the former Taoiseach Albert Reynolds, several commentators rightly pointed out that the contribution which Mr Reynolds made to peace in Ireland was not sufficiently acknowledged during his lifetime.

This raises the question of how this country should honour individuals who have greatly contributed to our country’s progress.

Whilst the awarding of the freedom of a town or city provides an opportunity to recognise a person’s work, this does not represent national recognition.

An independent, non-party-political and unpaid national commission, drawn from leaders of civic society and under the nominal auspices of the President of Ireland, could succeed in facilitating such a national recognition system. It would provide the country with an inexpensive means to recognise those who have contributed to the social, political and cultural life of this nation.

Mark O’Keeffe

Clontarf, Dublin 3

EU’s twisted logic

If ever we needed an example of the sort of devious and twisted logic that permeates the EU, we got it over the weekend from Lithuanian President Dalia Grybauskaite.

Speaking on the situation in Ukraine, Ms Grybauskaite said, “It is the fact that Russia is in a war state against Ukraine. That means it is in a state of war against a country which would like to be closely integrated with the EU. Practically Russia is in a state of war against Europe.”

Leave aside, for a moment, the fact that the current Ukrainian government only sought closer ties to Europe after the US and EU supported the overthrow of the previous government, which was democratically elected. Ms Grybauskaite’s attempt to rope the whole of Europe into a war with Russia by attempting to make some tenuous connection between Ukraine and the EU is dangerous and inflammatory.

Having fomented the overthrow of an ‘uncooperative’ Ukrainian government through insidious means, we now have EU leaders attempting to whip up support for military action in a country that is not an EU member state.

Is this the sort of Europe that citizens want? I would suggest not, based on the record low percentage of voters who turned out for the recent EU elections.

Yet we get one arrogant and hypocritical statement after another from EU politicians, demonising Russia while lauding its own actions in supporting the overthrow of a democratically elected Ukrainian government.

One of the arguments that is often put forward by advocates of a united Europe is that closer integration has stopped wars in Europe.

However, we see now that since the EU has evolved from a community of countries into a self-perpetuating, power-hungry organisation, the risk of war on an even greater scale has increased.

Simon O’Connor

Crumlin, Dublin 12

Irish Independent


Books

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3 September 2014 Books

I jog around the park I still have arthritis in my left knee, but I manage to get round the park. A warmish day. I scan some books.

Mary’s back not much better today, rabbit for tea and her back pain is still there.

Obituary:

Sir Alexander Stirling – obituary

Sir Alexander Stirling was a British ambassador to four Middle Eastern countries who survived an assassination attempt in Baghdad

Sir Alexander Stirling

Sir Alexander Stirling

6:52PM BST 01 Sep 2014

CommentsComments

Sir Alexander Stirling, who has died aged 86, was one of the Foreign Office’s most knowledgeable Arabists.

Stirling served as ambassador to four countries in the Middle East and survived an assassination attempt in Baghdad. He came from a generation of diplomats who devoted their careers to understanding the Arab world. Sometimes dismissed by their colleagues and by politicians as the “Camel Corps”, they provided a deep understanding and experience of the Middle East.

Alexander Stirling was born in Rawalpindi on October 20 1927, the son of Brigadier A Dickson Stirling, DSO, of the Royal Army Medical Corps. Always known as Alec, he was educated at Edinburgh Academy and, after service as an RAF officer in Egypt, at Lincoln College, Oxford.

He joined the Foreign Office in 1951 and learned Arabic at the renowned Middle East Centre for Arabic Studies in Lebanon. He then had successive postings to the embassies in Beirut, Cairo, Baghdad and Amman.

In 1969 Stirling was appointed Political Agent in Bahrain, one of the Trucial States under British Protection. Only the year before, he had accompanied a Foreign Minister on a tour of the Gulf to assure the rulers there that, regardless of the withdrawal from Aden, Britain would not be leaving The Gulf. The decision of the Wilson government in 1968 to renege on this assurance and withdraw all forces east of Suez was, Stirling believed, a betrayal of trust which troubled him deeply.

Throughout his career Stirling was known for his firm principles, integrity and straightforwardness. He got on well with the Sheikh of Bahrain, and in 1971 was appointed Britain’s first ambassador to the newly independent state. In 1972 he moved on to Beirut, the first in a series of very difficult and demanding posts. Lebanon was on the verge of its 15-year civil war, which broke out in 1975 and led to an invasion by Syria in the following year.

Stirling returned to London for a stint at the Royal College of Defence Studies before being appointed ambassador at Baghdad in 1977. Relations with Iraq were at a low point: Britain was concerned by the rise of Saddam Hussein and his creation of an aggressive police state, while at the same time anxious to do business with this oil-rich country. For their part, the Iraqis were suspicious of Britain, seeing it still as an imperialist power which had preferred the Shah’s Iran to the Baath party in Iraq. In July 1978 Abd ar-Razzaq an-Naif, a former Iraqi Prime Minister and opponent of the regime, was shot outside the Intercontinental Hotel in London’s Park Lane and died the next day. A doorman at the hotel gave chase and caught the culprit. The British Foreign Secretary David Owen expelled six members of the Iraqi Embassy and Airline for complicity, and in retaliation six members of the British Embassy in Baghdad were declared persona non grata.

Stirling found himself operating in a sour atmosphere with fewer staff to help him. Saddam Hussein, though only Vice-President, was the de facto ruler of the country. Bodies found in the river Tigris were routinely described by the police as victims of “road accidents”, and a Jordanian member of the British Embassy’s consular staff, who had been harassed by the Iraqi Security Service, simply disappeared on his way to the airport for a holiday in Amman. Stirling described Saddam Hussein as the most evil man he had ever met.

The most dramatic day of his time in Iraq came on June 19 1980, when three gunmen rushed past the embassy guards throwing grenades and firing into the building. Stirling himself missed death by an inch when one of three bullets aimed at him passed across his chest and through the lapel of his jacket.

His staff recall him as being “completely unflappable”, setting an example of calm and courage. He managed to dictate two urgent telegrams to London during the 30-minute siege, neglecting to mention his own near fate .

Two of the gunmen were killed by the Iraqi police and the third took poison. The Foreign Office, learning later about the bullet-hole in Stirling’s jacket, asked for the garment to be sent to London for display inside the FO. But his thrifty Scottish wife, Alison, had already sent it to the invisible menders and it was back in service.

The identity of the attackers was never established, but they were believed to be dissident Iranians seeking revenge for the dramatic operation by the SAS some weeks earlier to free hostages held in the Iranian Embassy in London.

After Baghdad, Stirling moved to Tunis, where he became the main point of cautious British contact with Yasser Arafat, the leader of the Palestine Liberation Organisation, who had been forced to flee Lebanon and set up his headquarters in Tunis.

Stirling quickly got bored during this posting. He liked to be busy, but the Arab/Israeli peace process was at a standstill — and Stirling was not the kind of man who enjoyed being greeted with a hug and a kiss by Arafat. Accordingly, he asked to move to Khartoum, where he spent his last two years before retirement. He loved the Sudan and its people and took the opportunity to travel extensively, once being petitioned by Dinka tribal leaders in the south who believed he could restore the benefits that the Sudan Political Service had brought them more than 40 years earlier under British rule.

In 1985 terrible famines engulfed neighbouring Ethiopia and Chad, causing tens of thousands of refugees to pour into the Sudan. Stirling played a leading role with Oxfam, Save the Children and Bob Geldof in ensuring that relief supplies reached those most in need.

After retirement in 1987 he continued to promote welfare and development in the region for a further 20 years, through his work with SOS Sahel International.

Alexander Stirling was appointed CMG in 1976 and KBE in 1984.

He married, in 1955, Alison Campbell, who survives him with two sons and two daughters.

Sir Alexander Stirling, born October 20 1927, died July 16 2014

Guardian:

Gun illustration A deep rift in US society. Illustration by Gary Kempston Photograph: Gary Kempston/Gary Kempston

The great divide in America

America’s “racial rift” was created by two-and-a-half centuries of brutal, unapologetic slavery – embedded, meanwhile, in the country’s constitution – followed by a century of keeping now free African Americans down and in their place (22 August). Then, 350 years after the first African slaves were brought to Virginia, the civil rights and racial equality of African Americans were finally acknowledged in law.

Yet events in Ferguson, Missouri, have sadly revealed that the racial rift remains. Was it ever possible, however, that America, even with the best will, might conquer its dark, poisonous history of racial division and oppression in the space of half a century? We have come far but have so much farther still to go.
Jim Haas
Pullman, Washington, US

• As your front-page article (22 August) rightly pointed out, events in Ferguson highlighted the racial division and social injustice that still plague American society. But the rift goes deeper than that. The military hardware from Afghanistan and Iraq was repurposed with precisely the intention to be used against US citizens should they organise enough to threaten what must now be called the Obama regime.

Meanwhile, we learn that US, Russia, China and India are strangely united when it comes to blocking the work of the International Criminal Court, secure in the knowledge that voters won’t demand a reckoning at the ballot box (22 August). As long as electorates around the globe can be pacified with tax breaks and fail to make the connection between war crimes abroad and repression at home, Falluja pigeons will come to roost in the US. If we don’t demand that our leaders support real international justice, we will continue to reap the bitter, poetic kind.
Ana Simeon
Victoria, British Columbia, Canada

Moving past policy gridlock

Thank you for publishing the articles by Seumas Milne (Another war in Iraq won’t fix the last one) and Paddy Ashdown (Break-up can’t be prevented) side by side (22 August). They seem to reach broadly similar conclusions despite the different arguments they use to get there.

Milne’s suggestion that the west should not get involved in Iraq again because of the 2003 conflict would lead to a long-term foreign policy paralysis. The culpable inadequacy of the west’s Iraq intervention should encourage us to engage in a less partisan and more ethical way.

Ashdown’s primary point is the irrelevance of the Sykes-Picot agreement to the present situation. Borders have been widely redrawn in Europe since 1989, and new states have been created in the African continent. The reluctance of western governments to acknowledge the possibility of a redrawing of national boundaries in the Middle East looks increasingly anachronistic.

The west’s primary concerns should be: 1) to seize the opportunity to draw Iran back into the international fold and support Iran to play a positive role in stabilising and de-radicalising the Iraqi Shia community; 2) to support Turkey in building a new relationship with its Kurdish neighbours and its own Kurdish minority, which will underpin a future Kurdish identity; 3) to work with Saudi Arabia to eliminate support for extremism stemming from the Arabian peninsula, which will strip Isis of its financial and moral backing.

These suggestions move strongly away from the self-interest in western governments to a more principled stance.
Stuart Lockton
Kendal, UK

The instruments of suffering

The voice of sanity at last! (Annie March, Reply, 15 August). It cannot have escaped the notice of readers, or indeed anyone exposed to the daily fare of 24-hour news channels, that while the populations of conflict zones such as the Central African Republic, the Democratic Republic of the Congo or even the relatively prosperous Middle East can barely assemble the wherewithal to keep body and soul together, there is never any shortage of sophisticated weapons for the warring parties; in fact, these areas are always awash with them.

The logistical problems involved in supplying the basics of life to the victims of war just do not seem to apply when it comes to guns for the combatants. I think we know why, if not exactly how: we should also know that the footage of human suffering we are becoming so inured to will not go away until there is a resounding call across the civilised world to dismantle the operations of those who provide the instruments of this suffering.
Chris Reeve
Granada, Spain

What’s in a name?

I refer to the strange last sentence of Jonathan Freedland’s piece Isis wages war on weakness (15 August): “For sometimes weakness can be just as dangerous as strength.” Strength is not dangerous. Power is. Its blatant exercise is. Weakness is.

Weakness as a result of oppression and abuse is always – not just sometimes – dangerous. We need lots more strength – emotional, ethical and moral – in the world today than is evident. And in this context, the title of the piece is inappropriate as well.
Veena Krishnamurthy
Bangalore, India

• If there is one good thing to be said about the Islamist group Isis, then it’s that they’ve changed their name to IS. I’m glad, because Isis is a respected and beautiful Egyptian goddess, heralded, for example, in Mozart’s aria O Isis und Osiris (The Magic Flute), and innocent of the horrific crimes committed in her name. So, for Isis’s sake, please refer to the terrorists by their recently chosen name, IS, in future.

It would be even better still, if the name was soon shortened by a further two letters.
Jennifer Clayton-Chen
Munich, Germany

• The religion followed by the Yazidis is considerably older than 1,000 years. It pre-dates Christianity and Islam. It is linked to ancient Mesopotamian religions and Zoroastrianism, which is said to have influenced Judaism during the Babylonian captivity.

It should also be noted that, before the US and other western nations became alarmed by the Isis movement and the media in general began to air its disgust of the brutality of Isis, Iraqi and Syrian Kurds were active in resisting the movement not only in combat but by giving refuge to Iraqi Christians and fighting to create a safe route off Mount Sinjar for the stranded Yazidis, and that the majority of Iraqi and Syrian Kurds are also Sunni Muslims.
Felicity Oliver
Ostermundigen, Switzerland

Swearing allegiance

Emer O’Toole thinks she is hard-done by having to choose between her conscience and Canadian citizenship (22 August). When I was 16, my parents and I (all north-England born and bred and immigrants to Canada in the early 1950s) became Canadian. Well, my parents did.

My mother was a hearty supporter of the leftwing Labour politics of the time, and her anti-royalist views (along the lines that the entire house of Windsor should all be lined up and shot) were often voiced as one of her main motivations for leaving Britain for good. A near-contemporary of Queen Elizabeth, she morally deplored what she saw as the enormous wealth and decadence of the royal household.

So in 1968 when I was on the brink of paying my $2 and becoming a Canadian like all the rest of my family, I baulked at taking the oath to bear true allegiance to the Queen and all her heirs and successors. It would have been a fundamental lie following me with invisible fingers for the rest of my life.

That little piece of official paper is now safe and sound (along with my British passport) in a safety deposit box. No feudal oaths have been sworn, and a large piece of my personal integrity is intact.
Joy Kündig-Manning
Chancy, Switzerland

Access to medical records

I would be more willing to tolerate the idea of the police having unfettered access to my medical records if I knew that I was going to have similar access to their medical history in return (15 August). I could think of many situations in which a civilian would fare better in his or her interactions with the police if he or she was armed with an understanding of that officer’s prior medical history. For instance, it might be pertinent to know whether an officer who had stopped and searched you had ever been treated for paranoia; whether a police officer who beat an unarmed civilian during a demonstration had ever been admitted to hospital after brawling; whether an officer who kettled non-violent protesters was suffering from a persecution complex at the time.

Granting police officers the automatic right to scrutinise private details of members of the public without making them do the same in return is unfair because it implies that police are somehow less susceptible to the same weaknesses, illnesses and bad judgment calls as the rest of us. My experiences with the police, particularly at demonstrations, has taught me that this is anything but true.

Nobody in their right mind would think of giving police even more powers when they have yet to account for the way they’ve abused their powers in the past.
A E Elliott
Berlin, Germany

Briefly

• The late disgraced US President Richard Nixon’s inept denial on tape of his attempt to undermine his opponents via Watergate, “I knew, I must say though, I didn’t know it” (22 August) reminds me of former President Bill Clinton’s obfuscation when he was grilled about his having sex with Monica Lewinsky. Asked to explain his statement that “there’s nothing going on between us”, he said. “It depends upon what the meaning of the word ‘is’ is.” I reckon that such meaningless doublespeak borders on delirium.
Richard Orlando
Westmount, Quebec, Canada

• Alhamdulillah! Oliver Burkeman (22 August) seems finally to have given up claiming that reading his article will change my life! I was beginning to wonder what I was missing out on.

As he says himself, “As soon as we are told that something is good for us, it loses its appeal.”
Alaisdair Raynham
Truro, UK

Independent:

The head of Wales’s largest luxury hotel has pointed out that the Nato summit taking place in his hotel is a chance to “showcase Wales”. Well, the best advice we can give to anyone wanting to visit south-east Wales is to stay away or be put off for life.

We’re warned that motorway junctions will be closed without notice, schools throughout the region will be closed, fences surround several venues, including the tourist attraction of Cardiff castle, and major arteries in Cardiff will be closed.

This is not an opportunity for anyone other than some British and Welsh politicians to gain kudos from the prestige of hosting world leaders. They’ll rub shoulders and have a damned good jolly before, as we all know, disappearing for ever, never to be seen again or give us lot a second thought.

The taxpayers of the world are paying a fortune for this nonsense, when Nato has perfectly sound and secure premises in Brussels and elsewhere they could use for a fraction of the cost. Instead, they choose to roll around in a multi-billion pound jamboree  where even the journalists are to be treated a “reception” in a local stately home. Contemptuous of the locals they then offer the advice, on the eve of the meeting, that we have an opportunity to showcase the area.

Utter rubbish. My advice is to follow me and go to North Wales.

DVB Thomas
Usk, Gwent

Surely these summits should be hosted in isolated, easily securable “neutral” zones. Perhaps Diego Garcia or Guantanamo Bay should be the permanent base  for such gatherings in future, because the people of south-east Wales certainly wouldn’t welcome another one.

John Moore
Northampton

 

Free school meals for all

This week, for the first time, all infant school pupils should be able to sit down to enjoy a free, nutritious school meal. This achievement is the culmination of years of hard, patient work by charities, trade unions and others. It’s also a testament to the power of politicians, of all parties, to touch the lives of ordinary families and improve life-chances by tackling child poverty.

The case for universal free school meals is compelling and the evidence clear: all children benefit, but low-income children benefit the most. Universal free school meals will improve nutrition and raise educational attainment. They will put pounds into the pockets of parents struggling to maintain living standards. They will mean 200,000 poor children in working families, previously ineligible for help, are eligible for free school meals. They could also help to banish the stigma of free school meals.

The councils already doing this struggle to remember the painful process of getting schools and kitchens ready with only a few months’ notice. Instead they talk about watching kids eating together and learning together. Teachers report improved concentration in classrooms. Head teachers have seen an increase in pupil premium registrations. Parents talk about being able to move into work without worrying about their children losing free school meals.

We look forward to seeing the success of this change, and hope to see it being offered to all school children.

Alison Garnham
Chief Executive, Child Poverty Action Group

Celia Sands
Strategic Manager, 4 in 10

Dr Colin Michie
Chair, Royal College of Paediatrics Nutrition Committee

Christine Blower
General Secretary, NUT

David Holmes
Chief Executive, Family Action

Anne Longfield
Chief Executive, 4Children

Brian Strutton
National Secretary, GMB

Fiona Weir
Chief Executive, Gingerbread

 

Sleepwalking into war over Ukraine?

As the centenary of the First World War has been commemorated we have heard many times the phrase “sleepwalking into war”. All the signs are there that we are doing the same now – for Serbia read Ukraine – but the consequences could be even more cataclysmic.

In your pages over the last few days we have read “Nato to stockpile weapons on Russian border” and “Nato readies rapid-reaction spearhead force in response to Russian intervention – with sizeable British contingent”. We have also seen highly aggressive views from Ian Birrell and in particular from Richard Shirreff, writing in The Independent on Sunday.

The latter says: “It means a return to deterrence, both conventional and nuclear, with credible, capable armed forces and the will and means to communicate that capability so that Putin is left in no doubt that if he steps over the Nato line, he will get hammered”.

What on earth are we doing? Why has Nato expanded up to Russia’s borders contrary to treaty? The Baltic states and Poland are hardly the North Atlantic. What if the USSR had done the same in Mexico and Canada? Don’t we remember the Cuban missile crisis? Let’s not forget the mischief-making by the EU in Ukraine and the subsequent coup supported by the West against a democratically elected (albeit corrupt) government.

Surely it is now the responsibility of our leaders to wake up? Why aren’t Obama, Putin and Cameron meeting with the other leaders of the UN Security Council?

If they don’t wake up then their people have to make them. Blair was able to toss aside the views of 2 million people in the two great marches against the Iraq war. However, recently he has been convinced that the assembly of 17 million in Egypt justified the overthrow of another democratically elected government. If that’s what we have to do we need to start mobilising.

Alan Pearson
Guisborough, Cleveland

 

Civil rights for British jihadis

Barry Tighe  (Letter, 2 September) seems oblivious to the mortal danger that Isis and returning jihadis pose to this country. Protecting civil liberties is important, but not as important as protecting British citizens from terror. The freedoms that we cherish so dearly are of little use without security.

Stan Labovitch
Windsor

I’m afraid I don’t share Mary Barnes’ concern that young men returning here from fighting with Islamic State in Syria are likely to be suffering post-traumatic stress and so will need our help (letter, 1 September). Better surely that they stay out there where they are among likeminded friends.

Patrick Devlin
Wembworthy, Devon

Referring to a UK jihadist who wants to return to the UK to wreak havoc here, David Cameron said he intends to take away the passport of anyone who has “pledged allegiance to another state”.

Will that also apply to British Jews returning from a stint of fighting with the Israeli armed forces? In order to participate in the “Mahal” programme, they also have to swear allegiance to a foreign state.

Elizabeth Morley
Trisant, Aberystwyth

 

Urgent need for a transport strategy

The Davies Report on airport plans sensibly removes the £60bn Thames Estuary Option in its preliminary findings but it is to be hoped that the final report will consider the future of UK aviation (particularly domestic flights) alongside major rail developments such as High Speed Rail and expansion plans for regional airports.

The UK urgently needs an integrated transport strategy to consider the future of all modes of transport both across the UK and internationally.

It is ironic that major multi-billion-pound infrastructure plans are afoot for airports in London when many shire counties cannot afford to foot the minuscule cost of local bus services to enable people to access employment and health facilities.

Dr John Disney
Nottingham Business School

The business of modern sport

David Stansfield suggests that “there is just too much sport in The Independent” (letter, 28 August). Given that present day sport has succeeded in entering the domain of big business rather than the  more laudable encouragement of physical exercise, might it not be more appropriate to move it (12 pages today) to the Business section (six pages today)?

Sidney Alford
Corsham, Wiltshire

The man who would be MP for Uxbridge

Just why is Boris Johnson the best Tory candidate for Uxbridge?

He left his Henley-on-Thames constituency for the London mayoralty, and now wants a parliamentary return for an ill-disguised bid for the Tory leadership and the premiership soon after the next general election.

Surely, Uxbridge Conservatives can field a competent and deserving local candidate?

Dominic Shelmerdine
London SW3

Times:

Telegraph:

Women walk through Lalish, the spiritual home of the Yazidi religion, in the mountains near Dohuk in Iraqi Kurdistan Photo: Sam Tarling/ The Telegraph

6:58AM BST 02 Sep 2014

CommentsComments

SIR – Iraq could become another Rwanda, as Archbishop John Sentamu warns (The Daily Telegraph, September 1), but a more generous asylum policy is only one step that must be taken.

It is true that some refugees will not be able to return to their homes and must be sheltered in neighbouring countries and further afield, but this must not result in precisely the sort of “cleansing” Isil wants.

An international force must be deployed under UN auspices to secure the future of Christians, Yazidis and others within Iraq. There must also be immediate negotiations, without preconditions, to end the civil war in Syria.

Iraq’s future depends on a comprehensive agreement between Sunni and Shia; protection for religious and ethnic minorities must be part of such an agreement. Without this, no one is safe.

Bishop Michael Nazir-Ali
London W1

Ashya and the police

SIR – How can the authorities marshal European police and similar forces to arrest a couple who are only seeking the best for their child and yet fail hundreds of abused children in Rotherham over a 16-year period?

Leonard Glynn
Bristol

SIR – If Ashya King’s parents had lost faith in the NHS and felt taking him abroad might save him, they were entitled to act as they did. Surely the heavy-handed treatment they received was unnecessary.

Don Roberts
Birkenhead, Wirral

No stopping Putin

SIR – With a weak, vacillating, second-term president in the White House, only four Nato members funding defence in line within the agreed 2 per cent of GDP and an economically challenged and divided EU – who, or what is to stop President Putin getting what he wants in Ukraine?

Paul Harrison
Terling, Essex

SIR – It might interest some readers to know that the city of Donetsk, highlighted by the troubles in Ukraine, was established by a Welsh engineer named John Hughes in 1869. He was recruited by the Tsar to recreate Merthyr Tydfil in the Donbass and use local supplies of iron ore and coal to develop the steel industry.

Mainly a producer of railway lines, the city also specialised in munitions. By the time of the 1917 revolution the city, initially called Hughesovska, had become a centre for drunkenness and anarchy.

Keith Hollender
London NW6

Stunning misnomers

SIR – One of the most irritating words used by a certain type of estate agent to describe properties is stunning. They seldom, if ever, are.

Equally annoying are magnificent and superb, especially when applied to one-bedroom basement flats.

D A S Corbett
London SW3

SIR – Rona Fairhead, the likely new chairman of the BBC Trust has described the “enormity” of the job. Is she is unaware of the following meaning of the word in the Oxford English Dictionary: “The great or extreme scale, seriousness, or extent of something perceived as bad or morally wrong”?

Peter Howard
Kingsbridge, Devon

Cures for cancer

SIR – Your report quoted Professor Mel Greaves, one of our leading academics here at the Institute of Cancer Research (ICR) as arguing that many cancers could not be cured, and that rather than looking for cures we should be seeking for ways of controlling the disease. Cancers are genetically highly diverse, and do rapidly evolve and develop resistance, and that is why we have set up a Centre for Evolution and Cancer to find new and better ways of treating it.

But the institute is extremely optimistic about the potential not only to control cancer in the long term, but also to cure it. Advances in radiotherapy, surgery and drug treatment are already curing many patients with cancer, and here at the ICR we believe there is huge potential to harness our new knowledge of the biology of cancer to push up survival rates further.

Professor Greaves was speaking of the need for combination treatments, or therapies that attack the tumour environment rather than the cancer itself. His centre will be researching new, smarter approaches to cancer treatment. Some of these will aim to provide long-term control of cancers, but we will certainly not be giving up on the search for cures. At the ICR we discover more new cancer drugs than any other academic centre in the world.

Professor Paul Workman
Interim Chief Executive
Institute of Cancer Research
London SW7

Australia unfair

SIR – Chris Watson wonders whether he will be treated as a “second-class citizen” when he arrives at Heathrow in November. He might care to reflect that since 1975, as a UK citizen, I have required a visa to enter Australia but he, on the other hand, as an Australian citizen, does not require a visa to enter the UK. Who is the second-class citizen?

Ursula Starkie
Clanville, Hampshire

Beep off

SIR – The day-long beeping of reversing lorries on a construction site some distance from our home is driving us to distraction. Surely it is not beyond the wit of man to devise a sound that warns those in the immediate vicinity of potential danger, while giving those up to a quarter of a mile away peace and quiet.

Doff Hughes
Wickham Market, Suffolk

The curious incident of the bird in the night-time

SIR – It is highly unlikely that the sabotage to Margaret Mackley’s shallots would have been carried out by blackbirds, as suggested by Barbara and Nick Shimmin; their diet consists mainly of worms, other invertebrates and fruit.

Last year I had similar problems with my laurentias, but I spotted the culprit early one morning; it was a stoat. I hope the clever creature did not suffer indigestion.

David Milford
Shaugh Prior, Devon

SIR – The Shimmins describe blackbirds as “nasty, malevolent creatures” and “avian thugs”. Have they never listened to their most beautiful song?

A family of four blackbirds who used to come to our back door for food have now been driven away by a sparrowhawk.

Now that is a real avian thug.

Robert Kemp
Goonhavern, Cornwall

SIR – Blackbirds are always welcome on my allotment – they sing so well.

Geoffrey White
Wellow, Somerset

SIR – It would be comical, if not absurd, for the Shimmins to endow blackbirds with human attributes far beyond their capabilities. If people don’t want birds eating their crops they shouldn’t leave them out to be eaten.

Adrian Cooper
Princes Risborough, Buckinghamshire

SIR – Further to the mystery of the missing shallot tops, recently we have had the mysterious appearance of half-eaten green tomatoes on our lawn. None of our neighbours are growing them.

They appear overnight in different areas of the garden. What strange creature only enjoys half a tomato?

Anne Stone
Maidstone, Kent

Best foot forward: one of the first pedal bicycles, invented by Kirkpatrick MacMillan c. 1846 Photo: http://www.bridgemanart.com

6:59AM BST 02 Sep 2014

CommentsComments

SIR – Contrary to Andrew Critchlow’s claims, the original two-wheeled bicycles, from the dandy horses onward, were not “working class”. These machines were very expensive and it took several years for bikes to become cheaper to manufacture.

By the 1980s, an ordinary family could have afforded a Reynolds 531 on a month’s wages, but higher-end bicycles remained out of reach, reserved instead for the very rich or the professional athlete.

Today I can walk into any of the main cycling outlets and pick up a bike for around £250, which is hardly expensive.

Mr Critchlow rightly highlights the influence of sport on modern cycling, but there is still more to the bike than sport; it’s an Everyman that can be commuter, shopper and hill sprinter all in one.

D J Cook
Southampton

Currency: Alex Salmond has said an independent Scotland should enter a currency union with the rest of the UK Photo: PA

7:00AM BST 02 Sep 2014

CommentsComments

SIR – Alex Salmond says that the Bank of England was set up by the United Kingdom as a whole and for the UK as a whole, including the part that he would like to become independent. He therefore deduces that in the event of a Yes vote, the Bank of England should continue to be a shared resource.

He also says that the exploitation of North Sea oil, which was set up by the UK as a whole and for the UK as a whole, including the part that he would like to become independent. He deduces that in the event of a Yes vote, North Sea oil should be wholly a Scottish resource.

Can anyone spot a flaw in his logic?

Peter Brett
Belfast

SIR – Can Mr Salmond really be saying that an independent Scotland would be able to re-enter the EU, and quickly, while keeping the pound?

Leslie Singleton
Pleshey, Essex

SIR – Mr Salmond wants an independent Scotland to enter a currency union with the rest of the UK. This does not make sense.

Why go to all the effort of fighting for an independent Scotland, only to surrender financial independence as the junior partner in a currency union? Just look at how Greece is suffering with the euro.

However, Mr Salmond has also said that if Scotland does not secure currency union, it will walk away from its share of the national debt. Is this his game plan? For Scotland to have its own currency but without its share of the national debt?

Peter White
Fleet, Hampshire

SIR – Presumably, Royal Mail will be charging the European rate for letters to an independent Scotland?

Malcolm Calvert
Wilmslow, Cheshire

SIR – Scotland has some very fine regiments but no independent navy or air force. Does Mr Salmond expect the defence of Scotland to carry on as usual in the event of a “Yes” vote?

John Lewis
Hardwicke, Gloucestershire

SIR – May I assume that, should Scotland vote for independence, all Scottish employees of the Ministry of Defence, GCHQ, Special Branch, the security services, and other such organisations, will have their contracts terminated?

It would, of course, be highly dangerous to employ foreigners in such sensitive positions.

John Hembry
Brillac, Charente, France

SIR – Alex Salmond compares an independent Scotland to Norway and Denmark. Does he realise how much a bottle of whisky costs in Oslo or Copenhagen? Oh, and VAT is 25 per cent.

Michael Herring
Twickenham, Middlesex

Irish Times:

Sir, – The letter by Jimmy Carter to the Taoiseach and members of the Oireachtas urging the Government to criminalise the purchaser of sexual services but not the seller is an almost unprecedented intervention in the internal affairs of another country (“Former US president urges Ireland to criminalise the buyers of sex”, September 2nd). The letter says that Ireland should take a lead which would inspire others to follow.

It is highly significant that the letter was written at the prompting of the Immigrant Council of Ireland, which has been relentless in driving the campaign. Mr Carter is known for his book on violence against women globally but hardly for his knowledge of prostitution in Ireland.

The intervention of Mr Carter, though well motivated, is ill judged. Ireland should be allowed to make decisions on its own laws without outside interference, which is all too common today.

The argument has been repeatedly made that trafficking for sexual purposes and prostitution are two separate things. This country has stringent laws on trafficking and the authorities have reported a decline in numbers of trafficked persons for all purposes from 2010 through to 2012. The further claim that the so-called Swedish model would “prove to be an extremely effective deterrent” is not supported by the evidence.

Indeed two Nordic countries have rejected the Swedish model after extensive investigation: Denmark in November 2012 and Finland earlier this year. According to the Danish report, “a criminalisation of the purchase of sexual services will most likely not have any actual effects on the reduction of prostitution in Denmark because a ban on the purchase of such services will be extremely difficult for the police to enforce”.

It says further “that the Swedish model may even have negative consequences for the women providing the services due to potential poorer financial conditions for these women and increased stigmatisation”.

Moreover the PSNI in a report to the Stormont Assembly questioned its value also: “Whilst there are many advocates of the Swedish model in the criminalisation of the purchase of sexual services, there is conflicting information available. Recent PSNI experience and investigations in Sweden have highlighted concern that significant levels of trafficking and prostitution still exist despite the introduction of legislation to criminalise the purchase of sexual services”.

It states baldly, “The majority of prostitution within Northern Ireland is through independent prostitutes who are not trafficked or controlled by organised crime groups”.

The Assembly’s justice committee that produced the 2013 report can hardly be said to have been impartial – seven of its 15 members had declared in favour of the Swedish model at the outset of the hearings.

Ultimately this is a debate about freedom – the freedom of consenting adults to make decisions about their private lives, however unpalatable these decisions may be to ideologically driven groups such as the Immigrant Council of Ireland. – Yours, etc,

DAVID WALSH,

Rockfield,

Maynooth,

Co Kildare.

Sir, – Journalists such as Lara Marlowe (“Gaza residents pick up the pieces after 50 days of bombing and destruction”, Front Page, September 2nd) should be commended.

Her article on the aftermath of the 50-day bombing campaign of Gaza is a reminder of the mindless destruction by the Israeli Defence Forces that was carried out this summer.

It is fair to say that people are happy that it is over for the sake of the people of Gaza, but also happy that it is not dominating the news.

People often got weary of the media coverage of the summer from Gaza, and the pictures coming out of there were hard on the psyche of any human being.

I credit Ms Marlowe for writing and The Irish Times for publishing this article and putting it on the front page. I believe articles like this need to be highlighted and published more.

It is a description of the harsh reality of what is left behind after the bombing stops and the media hype quells. – Yours, etc,

DAVID GORMAN,

Spanish Parade,

Galway.

Sir, – With its latest announcement of settlement expansion in the West Bank, Israel has again demonstrated that any apparently positive statements it makes regarding a two-state solution are disingenuous. The plan for “Eretz Israel” continues apace, although one would have difficulty seeing any reference to such a strategy in the western media. Despite not succeeding in getting rid of Hamas from the Gaza Strip, it may suit Israel to continue to have an isolated Hamas regime in Gaza which it can treat as a pariah and use as leverage for continued intransigence on peace talks.

The recent moves to a united Palestinian administration, and the attempts by Mahmoud Abbas to have the Palestinian situation dealt with by the International Criminal Court or the UN, may help bring Hamas to the negotiating table and possible dealings with a US administration. No doubt Israel will continue to undermine any attempts at a unified Palestinian cause, the ensuing delays allowing it to continue to erode physically the foundations for a viable Palestinian state.

Other current examples of annexation, such as those in Ukraine, Iraq and Syria, have brought forth US economic sanctions and air strikes, but it seems only mild rebukes are available when Israel carries out an illegal land grab following its recent collective punishment in Gaza. Thus any faith the Palestinians have in western sincerity for their cause is eroded and the message of extremism made more palatable to disillusioned Palestinian youth. All of which ultimately serve to undermine the future security of the Israeli state, and so the cycle of violence continues. – Yours, etc,

BARRY WALSH,

Linden Avenue,

Blackrock, Cork.

Sir, – A recent survey of GP trainees by the Irish College of General Practitioners shows that only a quarter definitely plan to stay in Ireland, mainly due to an uncertain future for GPs here. This must be worrying for a Government that is promising free GP care to all.

The ones to suffer the most will be the elderly, those with chronic illness and the terminally ill as they will lose the continuous, personalised GP care that benefits them the most. As in the hospitals, the HSE will be left trying to employ a succession of locum doctors at even greater cost to the exchequer. A no-win situation. – Yours, etc,

Dr ELUNED LAWLOR,

Loughboy Medical Centre,

Kilkenny.

Sir, – John Collins (September 2nd) suggests that junior doctors, as “high earning-power graduates”, should give back years of service to the State in return for the cost of their training. Mr Collins, like many others, may not be aware that up to one-third of current medical graduates did the four-year graduate entry medicine course, fees for which can be €16,000 a year and have left some, like me, over €100,000 in debt.

This scheme was set up following the Fottrell report’s prediction of a worrying shortage of Irish doctors. Sadly, there is no tax relief on our repayments for these educational loans, which most of us will be paying back for the next decade. The result is that many of us are forced to go abroad, where pay is better, so that we do not default on our loans. – Yours, etc,

Dr ERICA COUGHLAN,

Newtown Hill,

Tramore, Co Waterford.

Sir, – I read with interest the recent letters regarding the Barrow towpath. I have walked the section from Graiguenamanagh to St Mullins countless times and, along with many others, never tire of the beautiful landscape. Many of those against the upgrading of the towpath have written and spoken of the beauty and tranquillity afforded by the walk. I would ask them therefore to show an openness of mind and a generosity of heart in helping to accommodate the many people who do not find access to the walk so readily, including cyclists and non-ambulant people.

Those against the project contend they are protecting nature and local wildlife. I would point out that the original construction of the towpath would have involved removal of trees and hedges. No lasting damage was done and look at the legacy left for us to enjoy today.

I recommend completion of the project proposed by Waterways Ireland and trust Nature to continue to work her magic. – Yours, etc,

MAIRE GEARY,

Sion Road,

Kilkenny.

Sir, –- The debate on the Barrow Towpath is timely. As an ever-hopeful cyclist, I fully agree with the sentiment regarding a preferred surface such as compacted grit.

I suggest this type of surface, known in France as stabilised earth, would suit walkers, anglers, artists and cyclists alike without the risk of ruining this peaceful amenity. A tar and chip surface, with all its expensive investment in heavier foundation requirements, etc, should not be entertained – the effect of such development would have a seriously negative impact on the towpath’s existing character.

Canal and river towpaths should be developed in a highly sensitive manner to retain their magnificent rural qualities, blissfully separated from the obnoxious noisy highways which are, let’s be honest, not to be recommended for extended use by walkers or cyclists.

Following the splendid restoration of the Inland Waterways, I believe we need to encourage far greater use of these assets for the benefit of waterside communities. What could be more sustainable than attracting zero-emission cycling tourism and leisure? And I have no wish to pedal roughshod over a walker’s paradise! Without too much bureaucracy, a code of conduct by towpath users needs to be established.

The Grand and Royal Canal towpaths are already being advanced as future Greenways. We must earnestly hope the planners will move with caution to ensure all users may continue to enjoy this priceless network of engineering heritage in all its splendour. And no more tar, please! – Yours, etc,

PADDY WILKINSON,

Knockroe,

Borris,

Co Carlow.

Sir, – Recent correspondence concerning towpaths refers exclusively to their use by walkers and cyclists. Let us not forget that the reason towpaths were put in place on the banks of rivers and canals was to accommodate the horses towing the vessels. Could I suggest that equestrians be also allowed to use them? – Yours, etc,

CELIE O’RAHILLY,

Castleview,

Castleconnell,

Co Limerick.

Sir, – Criticism of the selection by Sinn Féin of Cathal King as their candidate for the Dublin South West byelection by Women for Election and the National Women’s Council of Ireland goes too far (“Sinn Féin criticised for choosing male byelection candidate”, September 1st).

The primary consideration of an organisation or an ad hoc grouping in picking a candidate for an election is simple – is this the best person to get them a seat in the election and do the best job if elected?

To suggest, solely on the grounds of his gender, that Mr King has done something wrong by offering himself to his party as a candidate, or that the party in turn was wrong, is to go against the very equality that organisations such as the the National Women’s Council of Ireland have built their reputations on. In treating people equally, considerations of gender, age, sexual orientation or whatever else should not be factors in making the right choice for a role. Selecting or not selecting people for positions on the basis of their gender is wrong and in many other areas of life it’s illegal.– Yours, etc,

DANIEL K SULLIVAN,

College Gate,

Townsend Street,

Dublin 2.

Sir, – It’s pretty rich of Seamus McKenna (September 2nd) to ask for people to acquire “some acquaintance with mathematical principles”. Although the human population is obviously still increasing, what has declined (and probably permanently) is the rate of growth. The population of the world reached seven billion in 2011, six billion 13 years earlier, and five billion 12 years before that again. In other words, the most recent billion was reached more slowly than the previous billion. And this will continue.

If Mr McKenna survives to the year 2050, he could well see world population actually decline and the policy debate will be exactly how generous states will have to be, in terms of maternal and paternal leave, to encourage couples to have babies. – Yours, etc,

FRANK DESMOND,

Evergreen Road, Cork.

Sir, – There must be an optimum population that balances quality of life with quantity of people.

The number for this optimum population will be a matter of opinion, depending on what people regard as a good quality of life. Broadly speaking, if we want everybody on Earth to live as we do in the “West” (a child born in Europe today is set to use around 30 times the amount of energy over a lifetime than a child born in Africa), then at seven billion people, we are already past the carrying capacity of the planet, which is the Thomas Malthus scenario.

At the other extreme, if we could all be satisfied with an acre or two of land, exist as subsistence farmers and travel by horse, then the planet could support over 30 billion people, and still leave room for a few wild plants and animals.

What is certain is the Earth isn’t getting any bigger but our population and, more importantly, our energy use are growing. – Yours, etc,

CIARAN FARRELL,

Ocean Point,

Courtown, Co Wexford.

Sir, – Una Mullally (“Workplace has become terrain of insecurity and exhaustion”, Opinion & Analysis, September 1st) sheds light on the travesty that is the culture of under-employment and precarious employment in Ireland, and the experience of many thousands of people who eke out an existence on short-term and atypical contracts, unable to make medium or long-term plans given the flexible and insecure nature of their employment status. Such contracts reduce employees to an expense and a sort of commodity to be consumed by employers, rather than as a resource to be cultivated and treated with dignity.

However, your columnist misses the point by identifying the “inflated salaries of those in the public service of past times and the lack of accountability that typified many of our sectors” as a source of the employment problem. We will not create a fairer society by assigning blame to a sector made up of hundreds of thousands of public servants, the vast majority of whom do not receive “inflated salaries” by any standard. – Yours, etc,

BARRY COLFER,

European Trade Union

Institute Visiting

Researcher,

Pembroke College,

University of Cambridge.

Sir, – Ray Carey makes a fair and valid point (August 30th) when he notes the double standards that prevail at Catholic funerals.

When a close relation of mine died two years ago, I was forbidden by a particular curate in a country parish to deliver a short and prepared script about her life and was told in no uncertain terms that he would not be allowed to permit me to read this out after communion.

However, a prayer at the end of the eulogy was considered acceptable, and I was only allowed to read out the prayer and nothing else.

Every time I see a big showy public funeral, it reopens the hurt of this refusal, and reminds me not only of the refusal itself, but of the different standards that apply to celebrities and public figures.

Death is supposed to be the great leveller for us all, but not it would seem at Catholic funerals; so this does not exactly show a good example or leadership, so either the rules should apply to all, or else they should be scrapped. – Yours, etc,

RACHAEL STANLEY,

Palmerston Grove,

Milltown,

Dublin 6.

Sir, – I urge your readers to break with the past, drop British spelling and join the future with American spelling. – Yours, etc,

EDWIN SPENCER,

Sunny Court,

Walnut Creek,

California.

Sir, – What an excellent piece by Fionnuala Fallon (“Forever greens”, Magazine, August 30th) on kale, that unjustly neglected vegetable. Steamed, braised or raw, it’s delicious. – Yours, etc,

PATRICIA O’RIORDAN,

Stamer Street,

Dublin 8.

Sir, – Welcome back, Michael Harding. Tuesdays just haven’t been the same without you.– Yours, etc,

BILL REDMOND,

Mountcastle Drive,

Edinburgh, Scotland.

Irish Independent:

The letter by former US President Jimmy Carter to the Taoiseach and members of the Oireachtas urging the Government to criminalise the purchaser of sexual services but not the seller is an almost unprecedented intervention in the internal affairs of another country.

It says that Ireland should take a lead, which would inspire others to follow. It is highly significant that the letter was written at the prompting of the Immigrant Council, which has been relentless in driving the campaign.

The intervention of Mr Carter, though well motivated, is ill-judged. Ireland should be allowed to make decisions on its own laws without outside interference, which is all too common today.

The argument has been repeatedly made that trafficking for sexual purposes and prostitution are two separate things. This country has stringent laws on trafficking and the authorities have reported a decline in numbers of trafficked persons for all purposes from 2010 through to 2012.

The further claim that the so-called Swedish Model would “prove to be an extremely effective deterrent” is not supported by the evidence. Indeed, two Nordic countries have rejected the Swedish Model after extensive investigation: Denmark in November 2012 and Finland earlier this year. According to the Danish report, “a criminalisation of the purchase of sexual services will most likely not have any actual effects on the reduction of prostitution in Denmark because a ban on the purchase of such services will be extremely difficult for the police to enforce.”

Moreover, the PSNI, in a report to the Stormont Assembly, questioned its value also: “Recent PSNI experience and investigations in Sweden have highlighted concern that significant levels of trafficking and prostitution still exist despite the introduction of legislation to criminalise the purchase of sexual services”. It states baldly, “The majority of prostitution within Northern Ireland is through independent prostitutes who are not trafficked or controlled by organised crime groups”.

Ultimately, this is a debate about freedom: the freedom of consenting adults to make decisions about their private lives.

David Walsh, Maynooth, Co Kildare

David and Goliath at Croke Park

In light of Donegal’s progress to not one but two All-Ireland Football Finals this September, it is time that the notion of dividing the county into two is given active consideration to give the rest of us a chance.

Congratulation Donegal, you were the best team on the day and no complaints, but you do get my point…

Brendan O’Murchu, (Hurting Dublin Supporter), Blackrock,Co Dublin

It’s hard to put into words what happened in Croke Park on Sunday, so I will leave it to Jim McGuinness’s lovely sister, Noreen, who sent the following text to my wife and I, on her way home after the match: “It was a day that dreams are made of. A proud Donegal supporter on the way home”.

Well, to me, that just said it all, like all the many proud Donegal supporters, a very proud sister, who was so proud of her wonderful brother, who along with his wonderful team, was without doubt “the David that slew Goliath” against all the odds.

Wonderful.

Brian McDevitt, Glenties, Co Donegal

 

Israeli action is not a land grab

I wish to take issue with the article by Robert Fisk regarding Israel’s “land grab” (Irish Independent, September 2). Really? Firstly, it’s a housing project in Judea and Samaria, not a settlement in the West Bank.

Secondly, it is not Palestinian land. There is no such thing until there is a Palestine. There is no Palestine because the Arab League doesn’t want one. All the Arabs want is to rid the neighbourhood of the infidel state of Israel. The Palestinian Arabs, both Hamas and Fatah, have no independent capacity to act, nor do they want to live in peace alongside the Jewish state.

If they wanted a new Arab state next to Israel, they could have had it in 1948, 1967, 1973, and when former US President Bill Clinton, and former Israeli leaders Yitzhak Rabin and Ehud Olmert made proposals, but they don’t want it. They are accustomed to the role of UN welfare bums.

So stop gnashing your teeth over the poor so-called Palestinians. If they wanted a country, they’d sign a peace treaty with Israel and set up internationally recognised borders within which they could build as they wished, and so could the Israelis, and they would have to forgo the dream of destroying Israel.

By the way, this new plot of land Israel is planning for was considered by the Bush administration as an area Israel would keep in a peace deal. US President Barack Obama knows this.

Len Bennett, Montreal, Canada

 

Prayers in state schools

Why are state schools still saying prayers at the beginning of school each day?

Surely in a secular society this type of thing should be prohibited, especially when one considers the huge ethnic changes in population over the last 20 years?

Paul Doran, Clondalkin, Dublin 22

 

Media speculation in Ashya case

Whatever the motivation of the parents and family of young Ashya King to bring him abroad for treatment of his condition, the endless speculation in the media does little to help this desperately ill child, who cannot speak for himself.

Over the coming days, no doubt, there will be many who will come forward with opinions on the family, their beliefs, their lifestyle, the kind of cat they owned and what they had for breakfast. There will be accusations followed by sympathy and then accusations again.

Focus needs to be on the child. Whether there is a specialist somewhere in Europe who will come forward with the treatment he needs, or whatever the outcome may be, Ashya is the most important person here. May he live to tell the tale.

Marguerite Doyle, Santry, Dublin

Scourge of Ebola is a global issue

Your report on the dreadful Ebola outbreak is informative for several reasons. First, the outbreak is the world’s foremost health problem at the current juncture.

As the virus continues to ravage some parts of West Africa, it is important to remember that the virus first appeared in 1976 in Sudan and the Democratic Republic of Congo, in a village near the Ebola River, from which the disease derives its name. But what makes the recent outbreak so serious and so severe is not only its geographical distribution over huge swathes of land which have been racked by civil war, and overwhelmed by disease, despair, destitution, overpopulation and mounting foreign debt, but also the severe shortages of healthcare facilities, which are either severely disrupted or largely destroyed.

Most healthcare facilities there lack running water, electricity and essential equipment, and healthcare workers with adequate protective equipment who are trained in infection control are in short supply.

Burial ceremonies where mourners come in contact with the deceased’s body have been recognised as one of the main routes of virus transmission.

The disease is threatening to become a humanitarian crisis of international proportions if we do nothing to stop its transmission.

Hence the need for the emphasis on international health cooperation, the transference of modern technologies and top expertise and the categorical commitment of global political and medical authorities, engaging community participation, to deal with the scourge of the disease.

Dr Munjed Farid Al Qutob, London, NW2

Irish Independent


X ray

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0
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4 September 2014 X-ray

I jog around the park I still have arthritis in my left knee, but I manage to get round the park. A warmish day. I take Mary to have a blood test and an X-ray.

Mary’s back not much better today, pie for tea and her back pain is still there.

Obituary:

Alan Reynolds – obituary

Alan Reynolds was an artist who painted the teasels and hop gardens of Suffolk and Kent before embracing abstraction

Alan Reynolds

Alan Reynolds Photo: ANNELY JUDA FINE ART

7:09PM BST 03 Sep 2014

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Alan Reynolds, who has died aged 88, was a singular post-war British artist whose early landscapes of Suffolk and Kent — works peppered with teasels, oast houses, hop gardens, orchards, copses and cornfields — mutated into formally abstract compositions.

During the early Fifties, Reynolds — himself a Suffolk boy — turned the farmland and fens of his childhood into a series of spectral scenes. Drawing on an earthy palette of dull cloudy greys, muddy browns and rainwater greens, his landscapes while captivating — even beautiful — were never vistas steeped in nostalgia or a notion of bucolic bliss; rather they hummed with elemental anxieties.

Alan Reynolds, Summer: Young September’s Cornfield (1954) (TATE, LONDON 2014)

In Summer: Young September’s Cornfield (1954) — now held in the Tate collection — a sun-kissed field of wheat is framed in the foreground by a prickly wall of thistles and on the horizon by an ominous inky firmament. The work illustrated Reynolds’s ability to render human psychology through a representation of flora and fauna, soil and sky. Often the war’s legacy echoed through his strokes. With Winter Pastoral, Kent (1952) he turned England’s garden into a sepia-toned necropolis, a composition reminiscent of the war art of Paul Nash — although Reynolds alludes to the possibility of nature’s reawakening.

“He had that rare ability to capture the essence of British landscape and render it completely contemporary,” said Frances Christie, head of Modern & Post-War British Art at Sotheby’s, “a feat that not many artists were able to achieve so successfully. He was also continually reinventing and developing his approach to representation.”

That reinvention began in the Sixties. Over the previous decade his landscapes had brought him considerable fame: he was feted as “the golden boy of post neo-romanticism” and his exhibition at the Redfern Gallery in 1956 had been the talk of London’s art world. However, Reynolds moved increasingly towards geometric abstraction.

It was not a huge leap — he had never been a traditional en plein air landscape painter. “I never painted landscape on the spot, apart from one occasion when our dear old drawing master took us out into the countryside and we did a few oil sketches,” recalled Reynolds in an interview with Andrew Lambirth in The Spectator. “I was after something else, I had something ticking away inside me.”

Alan Munro Reynolds was born at Newmarket on April 27 1926. His father’s family hailed from Scotland, his mother was from Suffolk. In 1944, aged 18, he joined the Highland Light Infantry. “When the war finished, my division was broken up,” Reynolds said in 2011. “We were all sent off to different places and I finished up training as an Army schoolmaster and eventually settled in Hanover for about a year and a half.” It was there that he was introduced to the avant-garde — “It was the most important experience I had.”

Back in London he was bemused by the city’s artistic circles. “It was such a gloomy sort of set-up, partly as a result of the war, I suppose, an indrawn nationalism,” he said in later life. “You can understand it: the country had been through a hell of a time and it had been cut off culturally, no question of that.”

He received his artistic education first at the Woolwich Polytechnic Art School (1948-52) and later at the Royal College of Art, where he won a medal for his painting. His first one-man exhibition was held in London while he was still a student, and his first New York show was in 1954. He settled in Kent.

Reynolds was an artist who retained a strong personal integrity in his painting style, refusing to repeat the early motifs that had made his name . His career can be seen to fall into two halves: the landscape and abstract painter of the 1950s and 1960s, and the constructive artist of the last 45 years. The former brought success, the latter relative obscurity.

Alan Reynolds, Sunrise – The Hillside (1956) (ANNELY JUDA FINE ART)

The quest for equilibrium had infused his work since he had emerged from the Royal College of Art in 1953; eventually his interest in abstraction, Expressionism and Cubism — and in particular the work of Paul Klee — took hold: “I was lucky enough to read some things by Herbert Read, particularly his Faber book on Klee, and it was just like getting a pat on the back. It was marvellous. I thought, ‘This man’s been there.’ ” His organic subjects — the spindly silhouetted branches, brittle reeds and ghostly dandelion clocks — faded away, to be replaced by “structures” and “forms” which fitted into the Sixties preoccupation with kaleidoscopic perspectives.

From 1968 onwards Reynolds set aside any residual attachment to representational painting in favour of the “concrete” image — in which art is intended to emanate “directly from the mind”, eschewing sentiment and often the characteristic “hand” of the artist. For more than 45 years, Reynolds made tonal modular drawings, woodcuts and constructed reliefs — many completely white.

These were a world away from the spiky naturalism of his early paintings. “The work can look a trifle austere at first glance,” noted Andrew Lambirth, “but the exquisitely balanced tonal drawings display a lyricism that leads you to the heart of his endeavour.” Reynolds, however, maintained that the geometric had always been there in his work.

Alan Reynolds, Dialogue 1974 (ANNELY JUDA FINE ART)

Reynolds’s success in his new style grew, leading to international exhibitions, including a retrospective at the Städtische Galerie im Schloss, Wolfsburg, and the Wilhelm-Hack-Museum, Ludwigshafen in 1996. He was particularly admired in France (in 2009 he was shown at Galerie Gimpel & Müller) and Germany; but in Britain he continued to be known best for his Fifties’ bucolic canvases.

In 2003 Kettles Yard gallery in Cambridge staged a retrospective of Reynolds’s paintings and drawings; and in 2011 Michael Harrison, its director and a long-standing friend of the artist, wrote an extensive monograph on his work. Reynolds’s London gallery, Annely Juda Fine Art, held seven dedicated exhibitions of his work, including, in 2011, a selection of “recent reliefs and drawings”.

Reynolds taught at the Central School of Art & Design from 1954 to 1961 and subsequently at St Martin’s School of Art. He retired from teaching in 1990.

He won a number of prestigious awards, including an international prize at the Giovani Pittori in Rome (1955), the CoID award (1965) and an Arts Council award (1967). His work is held in the collections of the Museum of Modern Art in New York, the V&A and the National Museum of Canada.

At the heart of Reynolds’s work was a lifelong affinity for — and dialogue with — the European artistic tradition. “For an artist to have an aesthetic philosophy is poisonous in this country,” he said in later life, “you can get shot for that.”

Alan Reynolds married, in 1957, Vona Darby. She survives him.

Alan Reynolds, born April 27 1926, died August 28 2014

Guardian:

Alex Salmond

‘Why is Alex Salmond so scared of a Scottish currency?’. Photograph: Murdo Macleod

George Monbiot (Scots voting no would be an astonishing act of self-harm, 3 September) asks us to imagine a nation surrendering autonomy to a larger union then talks of handing governance over to another nation as if the two, union and nation, were equivalent. This is a fundamental flaw in the analysis. As individuals we acknowledge state sovereignty in return for security in all its forms, be it in terms of finance, trade or defence. Any union has to compromise on what is gained and what is ceded. The UK government did much the same when we joined the EU. This is an entirely logical position to take, though one can argue about the balance between gain and loss. None of this is to deny the failings of the current union and Monbiot would find me in agreement on Lords reform (but what about the monarchy?), a constitution and social justice.

However the biggest threats to freedom and democracy come from cross-border incursions eg cybercrime, environmental degradation and organised capital. With these evils, size matters and Scotland is too small to assert its authority on these issues. Perhaps the UK is too. So we need transnational institutions and, with that, more ceding of powers. It may be that Scotland’s opportunity to become a nation state has come at a time when such a model is becoming obsolete. If that is so then the referendum vote is a mere distraction.
Thomas Malloch
Girvan, Ayrshire

• George Monbiot overstates the case for Scottish independence. He suggests that Scotland would be fine with its own independent currency, but even Alex Salmond doesn’t agree, preferring to shadow the pound if there is no agreement on currency sharing. And what sort of independence is that? Monbiot says the Scots already have no control over their currency, but that isn’t true. Scottish MPs are just as important as any other MPs, and one of them, Gordon Brown, was of course chancellor of the exchequer and then PM between 1997 and 2010. Collectively, Scottish voters prevented the Tories from having an overall majority in 2010, and as the Tories’ long-term decline continues (they last won an overall majority in 1992), Scottish voters will no doubt help the UK to elect more Labour goverments. By contrast, a nominally independent Scotland without a proper currency would be subject to UK fiscal and monetary policies over which it would have no say.
Richard Mountford
Tonbridge, Kent

• George Monbiot’s glowing description of the possibilities of Scottish independence would be wonderful if it were possible. Unfortunately, the Scots are not being asked to vote for real independence but for a faux independence where, as Monbiot concedes without apparently understanding the implications, they will have no real economic independence because they will not control their currency. The question Scots should be asking themselves is why is Alex Salmond so scared of a Scottish currency? Perhaps his determination to hang on to the pound is due to a belief that a Scotland with its own currency would be unable to finance the deficit it would run? Or perhaps it is because he thinks a completely independent Scotland would be forced to join the euro if it wished to remain within the EU? Independence without control of the currency is not real independence at all; it is just a confidence trick.
Paul Sawbridge
Bolton

• Reading George Monbiot after Rafael Behr (A race neither Labour nor the Tories are fit to win, same day), the thought occurs that if Ed Milliband wishes to move out of Behr’s doldrums, then a look at what Monbiot suggests is persuading so many Scots to vote yes might help him find a clear sense of identity, even at this late stage. Push the Blairite neoliberals overboard and offer us, on both sides of the border, a clear alternative to the floundering Tories.
John Airs
Liverpool

• Paul Mason (G2, 1 September) suggests that turnout for the Scottish referendum may be well over 80%. I’m not surprised. People know their vote will make a difference and that they will be playing a crucial role in their destiny. Politics must be altogether more interesting in Scotland, with its abandonment of the first-past-the-post system. And, I should think, more fun. Contrast this with the rest of the UK. Why is turnout so low? One symptom of our moribund voting system is the number of constituencies where one party is so dominant that if you do not support that party, your vote is cast to the winds. There is no recognition of the needs of the minority voters, however big or small. Nor of the talented politicians who could enrich our governance. There will be considerable issues to chew on after the referendum. I hope this will be one of them.
Val Mainwood
Colchester, Essex

• Monbiot’s assertion that opposition to Scots independence is primarily motivated by “system justification” is based on a false premise. The choice is not between the status quo and independence, but between a Scottish parliament with much greater powers and independence. Should those powers prove insufficient to protect Scotland from many of the present evils he identifies – eg if a new Tory government was to lead the UK out of the EU – then many of us would immediately switch from Better Together to better apart.
Peter West
Glasgow

• By putting the no campaign in the hands of “respected senior figures”, meaning leading members of the old political class which is most publicly disliked, Better Together has been behaving as if determined to chuck it from the start. These leaders have, among other things, proceeded to “warn” the overwhelming leftwing Scots that they risk losing Trident, will be excluded from the lovely new foreign wars which now beckon, and might even risk Nato membership. I would regard that last one as a particularly good temptation to vote yes if I was a Scot.
Roger Schafir
London

• Your poll (3 September) shows support for the no vote has fallen dramatically since July. Could this have anything to do with the fact that Scots will have been encouraged to vote yes by seeing Mrs Thatcher’s face on postage stamps dropping through their letter boxes since they were released in August? Ironic or what?
Colin Burke
Manchester

• Monbiot makes a compelling case to vote yes. But as a Scot placed by circumstances in England, I hope fervently that Scotland does not abandon us to our present oligarchy, but sends us MPs in 2015 who will help end it.
Tony Wren
Harrogate, North Yorkshire

The flag of Saudi Arabia flies at the Mall

The flag of Saudi Arabia flying at the Mall. Photograph: Sebastian Meyer/Getty Images

The heart-rending death of Steven Sotloff brings into sharp focus Owen Jones’s valiant exposure (1 September) of facilitators of global jihad, but does not delve deeply into the genesis of it. Muhammad ibn Abdul Wahhab’s doctrine, the cornerstone of Saudi state policy, advocates violent jihad as the sixth pillar of Islam, a duty on the believers on a par with the traditional five fundamentals.

The flood of petrodollars flowing into Saudi coffers, following the tripling of oil prices in 1973 and since, has enabled the setting up of the world’s largest printing plant in Medina, which has become the leading source of supply of the Holy Qur’an and its Wahhabi doctrinal translation in thousands of vernaculars to mosques worldwide, usually free. Most mosques in Britain remain in the hands of those whose patrons reside in the sheikhdoms Owen Jones names, and where the Friday lessons and sermons preached are based on these Wahhabi-interpreted versions.

Ending support of Saudi Arabia by our government may be the first step to check the jihadi culture taking hold of some British Muslims, but a more effective course might be to make our mosques de-link from the ideology of Muhammad ibn Abdul Wahhab.
Mohammad Abdul Qavi
London

• David Cameron has been quick to denounce the murder by beheading of journalists James Foley and Steven Sotloff by Islamic State fighters (Report, 3 September). He described the former as “shocking and depraved” and the latter as “disgusting and despicable”. Yet on Tuesday, Saudi Arabia announced that it had beheaded four men by sword following their conviction for smuggling hashish pills into the country. Saudi Arabia has executed 45 people this year – 30 in the past four weeks. Surely this is no less “shocking and depraved” or “disgusting and despicable” than the murder of Foley and Sotloff? Does Cameron’s silence have anything to do with the fact that under his premiership export licences worth £3.8bn have been approved for British arms companies’ sales to Saudi Arabia? Does Cameron overlook Saudi Arabia’s beheadings because it bought £1.6bn of UK arms in 2013 and has signed a deal a deal worth well over £4bn for 72 Eurofighter Typhoon jets from BAE this year?
Sasha Simic
London

• The killing of another American journalist by Islamic State terrorists and other atrocities contradict Islam and the way the prophet Muhammad – who was married to a Christian – treated people of other faiths. I have not met one Muslim who supports IS. Killing western journalists seems to get more publicity than the killing of other journalists in Iraq by US bombing, or the killing of Palestinian journalists by Israel. IS is a split-off al-Qaida which would not have existed without the CIA training and arming of Bin Laden and his fanatics in Afghanistan in the 1980s.
Mohammed Samaana
Belfast

• Has the PM thought of asking the Saudis to do something with all those state-of-the-art military aircraft we have been supplying to them over the last 30 years? If not, perhaps he might also consider asking them – but in the nicest possible way, so as not to destabilise our arms industry or our oil supplies – to go easy on their funding of madrassas, faith schools etc, which do rather encourage the young to think that separatism, jihad, patriarchy etc is rather a good idea.
Charles Allen
Author, God’s Terrorists: the Wahhabi cult and the roots of modern jihad

While I agree with most of what Mohammed Ali says about social elitism and diversity (Letters, 30 August), I must take issue with his claim that in Doctor Who “you will only see white – and green – faces”. Yes, the Doctor himself sadly has yet to be anything other than white (and male – and hasn’t even made it to “ginger” yet), but racial diversity among other characters, both regular and more minor, seems unquestionable; witness, for example, companion Martha (Freema Agyeman), semi-companion Mickey (Noel Carke), and in the latest episode Mr Pink and Courtney (who may be about to become regulars), and at least two other major speaking parts.

Given the series’ matter-of-fact portrayal of non-“straight” sexuality (Captain Jack, Madame Vastra and Jenny) too, I think its makers can be credited with a reasonable stab at reflecting a diverse society – given the obvious limitations of time and space.
Carol Fellingham Webb
Keighley, West Yorkshire

Plane flying over Heathrow airport sign

Heathrow airport could be in line for expansion. Photograph: Steve Parsons/PA

An expanded Heathrow is uniquely positioned to deliver huge economic benefits to Britain while also minimising its impact on local communities and the environment (Editorial, 3 September). Rather than resulting in fewer greenhouse gases globally, opposing a third runway at Heathrow would mean British passengers are forced to take longer routes to their destinations flying via other hubs around the world. For a typical passenger, an indirect flight to Beijing from London would mean a connection via Dubai, resulting in a journey 40% longer and adding a landing and take-off – burning more carbon unnecessarily and producing more emissions.
Heathrow is also closer to the centre of population for hub passengers, which would result in shorter journeys and less surface access carbon dioxide emissions than other hubs in Europe. Should capacity be increased at Heathrow, we are committed to ensuring there will be no more Heathrow-related vehicles on the roads than today and those vehicles that are travelling to the airport will be cleaner. The independent Committee on Climate Change has agreed that a third runway at Heathrow is consistent with meeting the UK’s legally binding climate change targets. A 60% growth in UK air passengers is possible while ensuring these targets are met.
Matt Gorman
Sustainability director, Heathrow

• You are right to question the case for new runway capacity to serve London. Seventy per cent of passengers using Heathrow are on leisure trips, so there is plenty of scope to expand business travel in support of Britain’s exporters. Some leisure travellers would be displaced elsewhere from existing long-haul flights and by shifting short-haul point-to-point routes to other airports. Leisure travellers are used to travelling indirectly, for instance via a Middle East hub at lower cost even though a direct fight. We have a very competitive market in air travel – four competing airports in the London region and many airlines, including new entrants. This will ensure that the priority needs of business travellers are met, together with the bulk of demand for leisure travel. If some of the latter is displaced to other modes or domestic destinations, we could live with that given our negative balance of trade in tourism.
David Metz
Centre for Transport Studies, University College London

Status Quo

Status Quo fans … breaking with the status quo? Photograph: Brian Rasic/Rex Features

Greek employers believed they were free to exploit – and then shoot at – foreign strawberry pickers, because those workers had no immigration permits (“They kept firing. There was blood everywhere”, 2 September). The Greek court failed to punish the employers and even acquitted them of exploitation. The Greek government can, and should, appeal these rulings. More important, all EU governments should ensure that every worker has a remedy against their employer for unpaid wages, regardless of immigration status. Anything less rewards employers of irregular migrants. Immigration control may justify deportation – it does not justify making a worker an “outlaw”, vulnerable to exploitation.
Simon Cox
Migration lawyer, Open Society Justice Initiative

• Miriam Taylor suggests moving the August Bank Holiday to the beginning of the month (like Scotland) to have a better chance of decent weather (Letters, 28 August). In fact the Bank Holiday was at the beginning of August. We got married on August Bank Holiday Monday 1962 (6 August) and it bucketed with rain from start to finish. I can’t remember when it was decided to move it to the end of August – I expect someone thought there might be a chance of better weather.
Elizabeth Phillips
Tintagel, Cornwall

• So IDS is moonlighting as a crossword compiler now. Imogen (Cryptic Crossword 26,355 – 20 down) defines “idlers” as “the unemployed”.
Don Tordoff
Northallerton, North Yorkshire

• Many decades ago Katherine Whitehorn declared: “There are no nagging women; only men who won’t do as they’re asked the first time.” Nothing has changed (G2, 2 September).
Dr Heather Parry
Watford, Hertfordshire

• Obviously Emine is not a Status Quo fan. When a man deregisters from a Quo message board the immediate response from other male members is: “Did he flounce?”
Ann Pugh
Walsall

• Isn’t it time Hawkwind were mentioned again in the bottom left column of the letters page? Forty-five years old this month.
David Scott
Hitchin, Hertfordshire

Vladimir Putin at EU summit In Minsk Beyond Kremlinology: Vladimir Putin at an EU summit in Minsk, Belarus, on 26 August 2014. Photograph: ITAR-TASS/Barcroft Media

That Wesley Clark, a military man, argues in favour of military support for Ukraine against Russian “aggression” is hardly surprising (Tell the truth about Russia, 1 September). What is no less surprising is that Clark has grasped so firmly at the wrong end of the stick. A better understanding of Russia would have taught Clark that the long history of that country is that it is not aggressive but defensive: after terrible sufferings during the second world war (to go back into the country’s history no further), Stalin’s primary aim in securing the communist regimes of eastern/central Europe was to establish a defensive buffer zone, not “aggression” as cold warriors like Clark claimed.

Similarly, when Putin (not at all a nice man, as anyone can see) provokes actions in eastern Ukraine, it is in a reaction to the ill-judged actions of the EU in pouring support into the government there. Viewed from the Kremlin (and we don’t have to agree with this, but that’s their view), EU actions since the Maidan revolution have suggested a rolling back of the accords under which Ukraine gave up its nuclear weapons in return for a studied neutrality, and not surprisingly the Kremlin sees that as a dire threat.

It follows that the suggested actions of Wesley Clark in providing “a stronger Nato response” in beefing up its rapid reaction forces will only make a difficult situation far worse. Clark appeals for “a deeper understanding of the situation” but that is the very thing his column lacks. Hotheaded responses to such a highly nuanced situation are foolish: diplomacy without threats is rather wiser than wielding a big stick while claiming (falsely) that you’re in favour of a negotiated solution.
Dr Richard Carter
London

• As a strong and long-time supporter of the EU, I never thought I’d contemplate the idea of our leaving it. However, the more that those member countries which were formerly part of the Soviet Union exert their influence over our collective approach to relations with Russia (Europe’s balance of power finally shifts east, 1 September), the more I am beginning to see it might become a moral necessity.

The EU and Nato have been encroaching into parts of Europe that historically have never been part of their sphere of influence or culture, and goading Russia for months, if not years, into a reaction – over Ukraine especially. They then turn on Russia as if surprised by its reaction. How can we preach democracy and self-determination when we have been bribing and enticing former Soviet countries into our fold, encouraging them to adopt overtly aggressive positions towards Russia ever since the end of the cold war? Instead of seizing the opportunity to build a new Europe of peace and cooperation, one which includes Russia, we are simply expanding and rebadging the old anti-Soviet bloc in order to oppose our traditional “enemy”. Perhaps the only honourable position is for the UK to have no part in this.
Gillian Dalley
London

• In September 2014, it is shameful and embarrassing to be European. Shameful because people who live in countries that are members of the European Union or closely associated with the EU live in fear. They fear that the Russian aggression continues and if it is directed in their way, they have no certainty that the EU will have the resolve to guarantee their safety.

Embarrassing because our leaders manage to play an overwhelmingly strong hand so poorly. The EU is big, Russia is small. The EU is rich, Russia is poor. The EU (together with its allies) possesses the most advanced military capability in the world, Russia does not. Russia’s economy is eight times smaller than that of the EU (and 16 times smaller than that of the EU and its allies). And still the EU leaders manage to position the EU as if it was responding from a position of weakness.

Less than a decade ago, EU leaders sold the treaty of Lisbon to EU citizens on the premise that it would allow the EU to defend its interests and to project its values more effectively. Following the weekend’s summit, now is the last chance for the EU to demonstrate that the leaders were not wilfully and cynically misleading the EU population. Only a principled and strong response will do.

Real and effective economic sanctions will hurt the EU as well. But the EU is in an immeasurably stronger position to deal with them than is a fundamentally fragile and weak Russian economy. And mobilising the necessary military capability to halt and reverse the unlawful Russian incursion to the sovereign territory of an EU partner does carry a cost.

But sometimes it is necessary to draw the line and be prepared to pay the cost of one’s convictions. Now is such a time.
Annika Hedberg
Brussels, Belgium

• In your editorial excoriating Vladimir Putin (Lies and deceit, 30 August) you neglect to mention one glaring fact. Namely that without the illegal coup in Kiev earlier this year, sponsored and funded by the US and applauded by the western media, there would have been no annexation of Crimea, no civil war in eastern Ukraine, no downing of planes, no incursions from Russia or anywhere else, no damaging sanctions, and no looming threat of a third world war. Putin may be a liar or not, but it’s hard to see how he’s responsible for any of this.
Anthony Kearney
Lancaster

• To understand Russia we need to go a little further than speculation on internal politics (Inside Putinworld, where few risk speaking truth to power, 30 August). We need to understand what to be Russian means to Russians and why so many are still angry and heartbroken by what they see as the shameful betrayal of their motherland by the westernising and degrading years of Yeltsin.

To understand these things better we might learn something of the language: its nuance, beauty of sound, complexity and vigour, only perhaps equalled by those of English in the hands of a Shakespeare. We should read, at least, Pushkin and Chekhov (in the originals if possible), Dostoevsky if we have the courage, and also consider the story of a people who moved from tsarist serfdom to the first man in space in just about half a century.

And if we think we can intimidate Russians with threats, sanctions and the rattling of arms we should repeat to ourselves, several times, Stalingrad, Stalingrad, Stalingrad.

Then, perhaps, we might claim to understand a little better what it is to be Russian.
Ian Flintoff
Oxford

Rona Fairhead, chair of the BBC Trust Evidence of crony status? Rona Fairhead, chair of the BBC Trust. Photograph: George Brooks

You cite as evidence of Rona Fairhead’s political background the fact that her husband Tom used to be a Tory councillor (Former boss of FT to be first female chair of BBC Trust, 1 September). Why infer something about her from his political affiliation? I would have hoped that such attitudes would have changed by now.
David Brough
London

• Ms Fairhead’s husband was a Conservative councillor; she is said to be a chum of both Mr Osborne and Jeremy Heywood, who chaired the recruitment panel that selected her; she is a non-executive member of the Cabinet Office board and Francis Maude has made her a business ambassador; but she doesn’t have “crony status” (Editorial, 1 September)?
Jim Morrison
New Barnet, Hertfordshire

• Viola players (Letters, 30 August) were once scorned, and given the least important string parts in orchestral music. But a succession of composers (Vaughan Williams, Tippett, Hindemith etc) and great players (Gérard Caussé, Rivka Golani, Pinchas Zukerman and Roger Chase, to name a few) have lifted the instrument into the foreground of music-making. It has a personality of its own and is quite special.
Meirion Bowen
London

• A use for whisky tins (Letters, 2 September)? When our daughter was young (and before we needed the tins to store our 35mm film canisters) we found they were the perfect size for her Barbie dolls. Few English seven-year-olds pronounced Bruichladdich with such delight.
Steven Thomson
London

• Great piece by Emine Saner (Feisty, flounce, bossy … Have you ever heard these words used to describe men? Thought not, G2, 2 September); please add describing a married couple as “Bret King and his wife, Naghmeh” (Report, 2 September) to her list.
Roz Treadway
Sheringham, Norfolk

• The finding that surgeons and GPs are nearly a hundred times more dangerous on the road than building society clerks suggests that the statistics have been doctored (Report, 2 September).
Dr John Doherty
Stratford-upon-Avon, Warwickshire

Southampton general hospital Ashya King, who has a brain tumour, was taken by his parents from Southampton general hospital without medical consent. Photograph: Andrew Matthews/PA

Most parents will have enormous sympathy with Mr and Mrs King and members of their family (Parents of Ashya in separate jails, 2 September). Many members of the public will not argue with their individual preference for a particular sort of medical treatment which they believe (rightly or wrongly) will be the most effective for their son. The treating specialists and other experts may disagree with this point of view and the matter may ultimately have to be decided at court. All those involved are likely to want to do the best they can for Aysha.

Leaving those points aside, what I cannot accept as being in Ashya’s best interests is the use/involvement of him by his parents on social media. I did not see the “happy” boy his father described when I watched my television on Sunday, and this appeared to me to be yet another example of a situation where the filming of a child on social media is potentially emotionally abusive and misguided. In my opinion a five-year-old boy does not need such a level of exposure to the arguments going on about him and his medical condition.
Dey Wilcock
Consultant social worker/expert witness

• As a parent who has suffered the tragic loss of a child with cancer, I can understand the anguish of Ashya King’s parents, but am concerned about their lack of trust in Southampton general hospital. Unfortunately their subsequent desperate measures involved a very long, arduous journey for such a sick little boy.

I find Suzanne Moore’s stereotyping of “the medical system with its certain arrogance” unacceptable (Criminalised for caring, 2 September). In particular I take issue with her sweeping statement “Once a doctor has said no more can be done, people are too often just left to cope somehow.” This was not my experience.

Also, I would like to fiercely defend the hospital’s reputation. Recently my grandson, who has a brittle bone condition, was admitted as an emergency. The treatment he received and his subsequent care have been excellent, and communication with him and his parents cannot be faulted.

Any criticism must be aimed at the cuts being made to the NHS by the coalition government and its policy of creeping privatisation, which has damaged trust on the part of some of the population.
Veronica Edwards
Malvern, Worcestershire

England v Sri Lanka: 1st Investec Test - Day Four No sign of snow at Lord’s cricket ground in June this year as Gary Ballance of England celebrates reaching his maiden Test century during the England v Sri Lanka series, but did it fall there on 2 June 1975? Photograph: Tom Shaw/Getty Images

Your editorial (Unthinkable? Snow in August, 30 August) refers to Laurie Weidberg’s “one-man campaign between 1975 and his death in 1986” against the Guardian, and to his Socialist Standard obituary describing him as “a socialist eccentric” who died hating “the Guardian newspaper and its soggy bourgeois liberalism”. His obituary writer also noted: “I have never witnessed a better socialist heckler. He must have been given his training by Moses Baritz, the man who blew his clarinet down the ventilator shaft of an SDF meeting from which he had been barred.” Baritz was not only a fellow SPGB member but also a music critic for the Manchester Guardian. Incidentally, the Grauniad is still eagerly perused by many members, but we still share Weidberg’s opinion of it as “half-baked lefty crap”.
Nick White
Socialist Party of Great Britain

• If you need any additional support for your and John Arlott’s contention that it snowed at Lord’s on 2 June 1975, you are welcome to my eccentric but truthful memory that it also snowed in Northumberland on that day. Driving ewes and lambs through a late morning’s snow squall close to that switchback of a B6318 above Corbridge was memorable. Stupidly, I wasn’t listening to the Test match.
Geoff Jackson
Langley on Tyne, Northumberland

• An aunt used to send me copies of aged newspapers dated for my birthday, 4 August. One she sent – probably from just before or just after the war – included a picture of women in fur coats at Victoria station heading for Glyndebourne. The report referred to the snow in Sussex.
David Critchlow
Poole

• I was brought up in north Cumbria and recall two elderly cousins of my mother who had lived all their lives on a remote hill farm on the fells near Bewcastle, telling us that they had seen snow lying on the ground in every month except July.
Eileen Bower
Huddersfield, West Yorkshire

Mural depicting the 1839 Chartist uprising, Newport, south Wales, Britain - 22 Mar 2012 Detail of Kenneth Budd’s now demolished mural depicting the 1839 Chartist uprising, Newport. Photograph: Rex/Rex Features

As you note (In praise of…, 1 September), Newport was the scene, 175 years ago this autumn, of the Chartists’ attempted insurrection in pursuit of a democratic society. Recent research, contrary to the ridicule of traditional history texts, shows that the attempt was almost successful. One wonders if Nato leaders meeting in Newport this week will visit the graves of the Chartist dead of 1839 in the Cathedral church of St Woolos on Stow Hill, to pay respects for those who fought for the democratic principles they themselves claim to be the guardians of.
Keith Flett
London

• If only Newport’s councillors were as sensitive to its history as your editorial is. Just 11 months ago they demolished a 35-metre mural, by the ceramicist Kenneth Budd, that depicted the Chartist uprising. Unfortunately, it was in an unlovely shopping centre, and the local authority and its architects were unable to see that a new version centred around it would be better than the easier, lazier, slash-and-burn approach beloved of developers everywhere.
Judith Martin
Winchester

pregnant woman sitting on chair looking at her belly ‘Womb-to-tomb’ studies began with the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children, which recruited women in the early stages of pregnancy. Photograph: Stephen Flint/Alamy

Frankie Mullin (Mapping our lives, 25 August) is correct to highlight the value of “lifetime” studies (also known as pregnancy or birth cohorts) for understanding the determinants of development, health and wellbeing, including the interaction of socioeconomic and lifestyle through to molecular and genetic determinants. She is also right to highlight the major role that the UK has had in driving this research. However, she is wrong to describe the new Life Study as being the first in the world to study people from “womb to tomb” by collecting data before children are even born. The Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children (started by Prof Jean Golding and also known as the Children of the 90s study) recruited over 14,000 women in early pregnancy in the early 1990s, and those women, their partners, children and now their grandchildren have been followed with detailed repeat assessments ever since, making it the most detailed life study in the world. The major influence of that study has led to establishing many other similar studies, including over 100,000 participants recruited during pregnancy in Norway (starting in the late 1990s) and a similar number in Denmark (early 2000s), and the recently established Born in Bradford cohort (recruitment from 2007). The Southampton Women’s Survey recruited couples before conception and then followed the families forward. Those of us who have worked on these studies helped inform the design of the Life Study, which will make further key contributions to scientific understanding.
Professor Debbie Lawlor
University of Bristol

Independent:

Your editorial of 3 September is bewildering. You seem to recognise that Nato expansionism is the cause of present Russian behaviour, but advocate a response which is more confrontational still. Unless there’s a last-minute change of heart in Newport, you are likely to get your way.

They intend a course of action which is maximally likely to lead to an armed clash between Nato forces and Russian forces. They will put Nato bases in countries adjoining Russia, knowing this is exactly what will wind up Russia further, and not just any countries adjoining Russia but countries with belligerently anti-Russian governments; and not just belligerently anti-Russian governments but also large Russian minorities who already feel repressed and discriminated against. These will regard the arrival of Nato troops as deliberately flaunting their repression in their faces, and an invitation to respond in the same way as the Russians in Ukraine.

On the hundredth anniversary of 1914, our best hope is that the sane Germans will restrain the British hotheads.

Roger Schafir

London N21

The letters published on 3 September regarding the Nato summit in Newport this week “showcased” (to quote one of the writers) a rather narrow-minded attitude to the event. There is a different view.

International meetings always cause disruption whether they be political or sporting; it goes with the territory. As pointed out in your editorial, the current tension over Ukraine means that major decisions have to be taken by our political leaders that could change the military situation in Europe. One way or another, we will all be affected by the outcome of this meeting.

As I listen to the helicopters flying overhead, ferrying participants to the meeting, I feel that history is being made a few miles away at  Celtic Manor, and am delighted that it has established itself on the world stage as a suitable venue for these events. The temporary inconvenience that we have to deal with is trivial compared with the fate of the people who live in the countries they are discussing.

We are privileged to have lived during such a long period of peace in Europe. We should not become complacent and complain if occasionally our comfortable lives are disrupted for a few days.

Peter Lewis

Cardiff

I am not usually an apologist for David Cameron, but Peter Giles’s snide comment on the history the Prime Minister  was taught at Eton (letter, 2 September) prompts me to suggest that it is Mr Giles who should study his history books more deeply.

He claims that Russia has never been an expansionist European power; how does he account for the fact that in 1914 Russia included Finland, Latvia, Lithuania, Estonia, and the whole of Poland? At the end of the Second World War all those countries except Finland were back under Soviet domination.

I suspect I may be older than Mr Giles, but in my lifetime Russia has been responsible for the Ribbentrop Pact of 1939, the Katyn massacre of 1940,  and the brutal suppression of the Hungarian uprising in 1956, and of the Prague Spring in 1968.

Like most Europeans we had always sought to draw a distinction between the long-suffering population of Russia and her appalling rulers, and had assumed that on the collapse of the Soviet Union in 1991 a new democratic country would emerge.

Instead we get Mr Putin, who repeats Hitler’s tactics when invading Czechoslovakia of claiming to rescue the German minority and then Mr Chamberlain’s shameful response. So on this occasion I find myself in agreement with David Cameron.

Chris Preston

Bristol

 

It beggars belief that even a newspaper as well-balanced as The Independent should join the media frenzy for aggressive action in Ukraine.

Unlike many world problems, this one is easily resolvable. The west should push for elections region by region in the country, allowing the inhabitants to join Russia or stay with a western-oriented Ukraine.

The Russians will agree with alacrity. With good reason, they think parts of eastern Ukraine will vote to join Russia. The Kiev government will refuse and then all western support should be withdrawn.

We created this situation with the unwise extension of Nato into Eastern Europe, now we should disengage before the things get out of control.

Lyn Brooks

Ongar, Essex

School lunch served up by the nanny state

I am not at all sure if the £1bn free school meals scheme that came into effect this week is “one of the most progressive changes to our school system for a long time”, as claimed by Nick Clegg. Putting aside the cost of the scheme, I am more concerned that it is likely to encourage state dependency among many families.

It is well known that many children go to school without any breakfast. Some will argue this is because of financial hardship, while others will argue this is due to parental irresponsibility. I align myself with the latter group because it has been proven time and again that good healthy meals can be prepared for as little as £2 a day. Therefore I believe that the Government’s free school meal scheme will allow some parents to delegate their parental responsibilities to the nanny state.

Many parents will now “legitimately” send their children to school without any breakfast, with the knowledge that the children will be fed by the state. In fact for many children this will be the only meal that they will receive during the whole day.

I am afraid this new scheme will bring up a new generation of young people fed by the state with hot healthy meals, but they will grow up without knowing how to choose and cook good healthy meals at home and how to become self-sufficient.

Rana Choudhury

Cheam, Surrey

Protect Syrians from British fanatics

Stan Labovitch balances the protection of civil liberties with protecting British citizens from terror (letter, 3 September). However, there is another duty to protect.

British citizens are among the many foreigners currently butchering Syrian citizens in their own land. British politicians and the British media, with their warmongering statements and biased coverage, have also in effect acted as recruiting sergeants for Syrian rebel groups over the past three years.

There is a responsibility to protect Syrians from the British, not just dump on them every swaggering fanatic who is capable of sacralising his own sadism.

Peter McKenna

Liverpool

 

Elizabeth Morley makes a cheap and mischievous point (letter, 3 September) when she asks about the status of British Jews returning after a stint in the Israeli army.

While jihadists of Isis, al-Qa’ida, Hizbollah, Hamas, Boko Haram etc have mercilessly murdered countless thousands worldwide and will undoubtedly spread their wings even more strongly in Britain if allowed to, Jewish natural sentiment towards Israel has never affected in any manner whatsoever the loyalty of British Jews to Britain, and there has never been a single case of a British Jew harming anyone else for religious reasons.

Alan Halibard

Bet Shemesh, Israel

 

US opposition to trade treaty

The trade minister Lord Livingston’s suggestion that opposition to the TTIP trade deal is motivated by anti-American sentiment is somewhat ironic, given the scale of opposition to TTIP and its sister treaty the TPP in the US. The withholding of “fast track” negotiating authority from Obama by a hostile Congress could well prove the single most important factor in defeating this corporate power grab.

Nick Dearden

Director, World Development Movement, London SW9

 

Spanish a true world language

I would remind David Head (letter, 1 September) that one can travel from the Bering Strait to Tierra del Fuego with a knowledge of just two languages, English and Spanish. Unlike German, which is spoken mainly in Germany, Austria, and Switzerland, Spanish is a world language and has been since the end of the 15th century with the Spanish colonisation of Central and South America.

Rosemary Morlin

Oxford

 

Baffled voters in Scotland

I recently took the opportunity to ask two young men at Glaswegian call centres which way they were going to vote in the independence referendum.

The first answered: “I can’t be bothered with all that nonsense.” The second said: “I haven’t really got the facts I need to make up my mind … people who don’t vote will be counted as Noes, won’t they?”

If such understandable attitudes are widespread, what hope is there for a representative outcome to the referendum?

David Mitchell

Cromford, Derbyshire

Times:

The great increase in the number of undergraduates reveals nothing about the success or failure of comprehensives

Sir, Professor Bernard Barker confuses two different issues in his argument against grammar schools (letter, Sept 3). The great increase in numbers of full-time undergraduates tells us nothing about the success or failure of the comprehensive system. It simply shows that the government has expanded the universities. University degrees vary greatly in quality and do not guarantee a “flying start” in anything, as many indebted young people are now finding.

There are also objective facts to show that academically selective schools aided (and still aid) social mobility. The 1966 Franks Report into Oxford University showed a steady and substantial rise in undergraduate entries from state schools following the 1944 Education Act. In 1939, grammar and direct grant pupils won 32 per cent of Oxford places. By 1965, just before abolition of selection, this figure had risen to 51 per cent.

The effect persists. The Higher Education Statistics Agency recorded recently that the university chances of a child from a poor home in Northern Ireland (the only part of the UK to retain a fully selective school system) are nearly one third better than in largely comprehensive England, and almost 50 per cent greater than in fully comprehensive Scotland.

Peter Hitchens
London W8

Sir, Since when, as intimated by Professor Barker, has social mobility been a significant purpose of schools? Surely the prime role of schools is education and learning?

To couple the grammar schools’ debate with a comparison between today’s levels of university enrolment and those in 1963, is irrelevant. In earlier days access to universities were restricted by the universities themselves. The explosion of numbers attending university since then has similarly been created by the universities, by lowering standards of entry.

Douglas Stuart
Guildford, Surrey

Sir, Linda Miller (“Back to school”, letter, Sept 2) is misguided to think that schools should go back in August in order for children to receive extra teaching, therefore making the autumn term ludicrously long and, eventually, counterproductive.

Instead, the last few weeks of the summer term could be used extremely productively. Young people could be encouraged to volunteer, produce school plays or music/dance events, enter local inter-school sports competitions, raise money for charity, mentor younger students, entertain the elderly, do short “business” courses, or indeed any course they are interested in, start A-level classes or other qualifications they may be taking, produce a school magazine or film or go on school trips.

In fact, do anything constructive and worthwhile that a crammed subject timetable and exam preparation does not allow. All of these suggestions could help our young people to become rounded individuals, not just exam machines.

Belinda Brackley
Dunsmore, Bucks

Sir, I attended a grammar school in the 1960s. I sat for my last O-level examination on a Thursday, and had the Friday off. On the following Monday we started work on our A-level syllabus. When the term ended a fortnight later, we were set reading lists and essays for completion during the summer holidays. With the current system of pupils moving on to sixth-form colleges, this is no longer a viable option.

Barbara Fletcher
Aldershot, Surrey

Dickens may have missed out the fish part, but he was certainly wise to chipped potatoes

Sir, Dickens may not mention fish and chips (letters, Sept 2 & 3), but in his A Tale of Two Cities (1859) we read of chips without the fish: amid the 18th-century pre-Revolution French peasantry “Hunger rattled its dry bones among the roasting chestnuts in the turned cylinder; Hunger was shred into atomics in every farthing porringer of husky chips of potato, fried with some reluctant drops of oil.” (Book the First, Chapter 5.)

Eugene Suggett

Dorking, Surrey

Sir, Andy Cole of Cleethorpes (letter, Sept 2) should understand that it is not the growing (of the potatoes) or the catching (of the fish) that makes for a good fish and chip supper (although excellent produce is essential), it is the cooking that does the trick. So perhaps Lincolnshire should investigate why it did not have a representation in the guide.

Ray Steinberg

Blaydon on Tyne, Gateshead

Sir, Either Mr Cole forgot, or you chose not to mention, that Steel’s in Cleethorpes is one of the top fish and chip restaurants in the country — equal to the Magpie Café in Whitby, which is also not in the guide.

Derek West

Fleet, Hants

14

Was Matthew Parris correct in his interpretation of An Arundel Tomb?

Sir, Matthew Parris (My Week, Sept 3) claims that “Larkin was right: What will survive of us is love”. But Larkin is always a tricksy one, and what he says is that the Arundel tomb may “prove our almost-instinct almost true: What will survive”& c.

Sadly, a miss is as good as a mile, and those “almost”s torpedo the lovely, resonant sentiment.

Philip Allison

Edinburgh

Due to heat loss, a lower wattage kettle consumes more electricity to boil the same quantity of water

Sir, David Terry (letter, Sept 1) says that boiling a kettle of water with a kettle of half the wattage takes twice as long and so consumes the same amount of electricity. This is approximately true, but ignores the heat loss from the kettle while it comes to the boil. If the kettle takes twice as long to boil the heat loss is doubled and so the lower wattage kettle actually consumes more electricity to boil the same quantity of water.

Peter Dixon

Sheffield

The Speisewagen on a German train? Surely you mean ‘Meals on Wheels’ …

Sir, Further to the correspondence on journeying abroad (letters, Aug 29 and Sept 1), when travelling by train in Germany I happened to board the Speisewagen (restaurant car). For the benefit of the English, someone had helpfully scrawled “Meals on Wheels” underneath the sign.

Bernard Kingston

Biddenden, Kent

It was Catherine the Great who corresponded with Voltaire, not Peter…

Sir, Roger Boyes has confused his Greats (“Nato needs to flex its muscles against Putin”, Opinion, Sept 3). It was Catherine the Great who corresponded with Voltaire, not Peter the Great. While Peter did indeed open up Russia and was a most remarkable tsar, he was definitely not an intellectual. By contrast, Catherine the Second (or the Great) most certainly was an intellectual.

One thing Mr Boyes is absolutely right about is that Mr Putin is not in the same league as either.

David Terry

Droitwich, Worcs

Was Matthew Parris correct in his interpretation of An Arundel Tomb?

Sir, Matthew Parris (My Week, Sept 3) claims that “Larkin was right: What will survive of us is love”. But Larkin is always a tricksy one, and what he says is that the Arundel tomb may “prove our almost-instinct almost true: What will survive”& c.

Sadly, a miss is as good as a mile, and those “almost”s torpedo the lovely, resonant sentiment.

Philip Allison

Edinburgh

Telegraph:

Ashya King and the European Arrest Warrant

Naghemeh and Brett King were treated like suspected terrorists rather than concerned parents

Ashya King

Ashya King with his brother Naveed

6:57AM BST 03 Sep 2014

CommentsComments

SIR – Ashya King’s parents were pursued under a European Arrest Warrant – a piece of legislation brought in to facilitate the apprehension of suspected terrorists, not of parents who want the best treatment for their sick five-year-old.

Deborah Mitchell
Milton Keynes, Buckinghamshire

SIR – I am on holiday in Spain and have watched television reports on Ashya King. They portray the police, NHS doctors and social services as “do-gooders” who think they have a better idea of how to look after a child than his own parents. Unfortunately, the Spanish reports are entirely correct.

Chris Thorpe
Marden, Kent

Scotland’s energy bill

SIR – During the televised debates between Alex Salmond, Scotland’s first minister, and Alistair Darling, chairman of the Better Together campaign, I heard nothing regarding renewable energy and how the subsidies will be afforded by an independent Scotland. Westminster has categorically said it will not pay for Scottish renewable subsidies; nor will it necessarily buy Scottish renewable power. Rather, it will buy from wherever gives the best deal for its citizens. Britain already imports electricity from France, the Netherlands and Ireland, and is planning to build other cables to Belgium, Denmark and Norway.

If our energy bills or our taxes must increase to pay the subsidies – because, either way, we will surely be paying – then this will result in greater fuel poverty.

Is Mr Salmond relying on that magic pot of never-ending North Sea oil money to make up for any shortfall?

Lyndsey Ward
Beauly, Inverness-shire

Gone off the boil

SIR – Now some genius in the European Commission has suggested that we limit the power of our kettles in order to save the environment.

At first glance, it might be assumed that, if the wattage is reduced by half, we would be forced to wait twice as long for the kettle to boil, while saving no energy at all.

Sadly, it’s even worse than that. The longer a kettle takes to reach a particular temperature, the greater the amount of heat it loses to its surroundings.

Thus, under the new system, there would be a waste of energy, a waste of time and a waste of money – surely a perfect metaphor for the EU itself.

Roger Hitt
Kenley, Surrey

No more flora

SIR – The International Botanical Congress has ruled that descriptions in Latin are an “anachronism” and should now be written in English.

At least the use of Latin alerted one to the fact that the name was definitive. Many plants have several common English names. How are we to know whether we are seeing the definitive name or one of several ambiguous common names?

Since Latin is not (a very few exceptions aside) a spoken language, it is therefore not the prerogative of any nation. How long before the Chinese or Spanish-speaking groups demand equality with English, and we start seeing the definitive name of a new plant in Chinese characters?

Dr A E Hanwell
York

Military embroidery

SIR – My late father was called up into the Denbighshire Hussars and Yeomanry in 1915, and learned to fight on horseback with a lance. Upon disbandment of the Hussars, he was transferred to the 11th Cheshires and subsequently wounded at Passchendaele.

As part of his recovery, he embroidered an intricate 12in square with the badge of the Cheshire Regiment. (“A stitch in war time”, Letters, September 1). I assume that his injured colleagues were given the same therapy.

Philip Bastow
Meols, Cheshire

Black and ready

SIR – How does one tell when black tomatoes are ready to pick?

Richard Waldron
Woolavington, Somerset

Safe asbestos

SIR – The article on asbestos by Harry de Quetteville correctly stated that chrysotile, commonly known as white asbestos, is the most frequently found type of asbestos in buildings today, and that it is still considered to be a major health hazard by the EU.

However, the article failed to mention that in 2006 the British Health and Safety Commission published a risk assessment entitled A Comparison of Risks from Different Materials Containing Asbestos. This assessment found that asbestos cement and similar products containing the chrysotile form of asbestos cause no significant risks to health.

The amphibole forms of asbestos, which once were used for lagging pipes or insulating boilers, can indeed pose a serious health risk if breathed deep into the lungs, because the insoluble needle-like fibres can irritate the mesothelium surrounding the lung. The fibres of chrysotile, however, are both soft and soluble in acid, so that any particle reaching the lung will degrade and disappear within two weeks or thereabouts.

No proven cases of illness or death from exposure to chrysotile have ever been recorded.

Bryan K Edgley
High Wycombe, Buckinghamshire

Tax disc abolition

SIR – I am amazed that there has not been more of an outcry about the abolition of the paper tax discs for cars and motorcycles by the Driver and Vehicle Licensing Agency.

This change is supposed to save money, but I wonder if it will actually cut costs; it will be easy for people not to renew the tax and then not bother to insure the vehicle. If more cars are uninsured, this will put a greater burden on the law-abiding majority in the event of an accident.

Apparently, there will be cameras checking the numbers. How will this be done? Such a decision should have been taken following widespread consultation.

Hilda Gaddum
Sutton, Cheshire

A name for Scrabble

SIR – The letter from Zog Ziegler about car parking with his mother caught my eye. The two Zs in his name would give him 30 points as a Scrabble score. My name, with its x, can only muster 25 points. Any advance on 30 points?

Andrew Baxter
Banbury, Oxfordshire

Lovey-dovey: passenger pigeons billing, from J J Audubon’s ‘Birds of America’, 1838 (www.bridgemanart.com)

SIR – A hundred years ago this week, in Cincinnati Zoo, a pigeon by the name of Martha died. She was the very last passenger pigeon.

When Europeans were settling in North America, passenger pigeons were found in incredible numbers. Eyewitnesses spoke of flocks darkening the sun and taking hours to pass. Their population, in peak years, was estimated at 10 billion.

Being good to eat and easy to shoot, the passenger pigeon was brought to the verge of extinction in the 19th century. The last in the wild was shot in Indiana in 1902.

By 1914, only Martha remained. Her body is now kept at the Smithsonian National Museum of Natural History in Washington.

David Saunders
Pembroke Dock

A passenger jet aircraft comes into land at Heathrow Airport on March 13, 2007 Photo: Matt Cardy/Getty Images

7:00AM BST 03 Sep 2014

CommentsComments

SIR – The Davies Commission’s findings on airport expansion and capacity defy logic.

Heathrow is a bad airport in a bad place. Neither a third runway nor the expansion of an existing one will overcome the problem of congestion, nor would such moves be likely to increase capacity.

An estuary location providing four runways, 24-hour take-off and landing, minimal disruption to existing infrastructure and the regeneration of a run-down area must be the best alternative. It is all very well for the airlines to object, but they must either adapt or die.

John D Frew
Ipswich, Suffolk

SIR – The commission’s report is as predictable and blinkered as Boris Johnson’s team has indicated.

A Thames Estuary airport is the only realistic, long-term solution. By cancelling the unnecessary and ill-advised HS2 and diverting half its allocated funding to improving rail links in the Midlands and north of England, the other half could be allocated to the new airport.

William Wilson
London SW1

SIR – I can understand Boris Johnson’s London-centric desire for a new airport in the Thames Estuary.

However, many people in Britain reside further afield. I live within 45 minutes of Birmingham, East Midlands, Liverpool and Manchester airports, but for long-haul flights, my options are generally limited to Heathrow or Gatwick.

Why not ease the pressure on London with a new national airport in the middle of Britain – say, on the military wasteland of Salisbury Plain?

Alan Greenwood
Stoke-on-Trent, Staffordshire

SIR – Now that plans for an estuary airport have been dropped, why not build a nuclear power station there?

London needs electricity and it would make much more sense to generate it there rather than 100 miles away on the Suffolk coast.

Barrie Skelcher
Leiston, Suffolk

SIR – Well done to Natalie Paris for highlighting the success of regional airports.

Here in Kent, we are fighting to keep our airport at Manston – it was bought by Ann Gloag, the co-founder of Stagecoach, some 10 months ago and then closed down after four months, even though a company offered the full asking price. The resultant loss of 600 jobs has been a blow to our fragile economy.

I hope that the Government will recognise the capacity of smaller airports such as Manston. Their ability to take the pressure off busier airports should not be underestimated.

Edwina Steed
Manston, Kent

Irish Times:

Sir, – Patsy McGarry reports on a call by Dr Ali Selim to reform radically the Irish education system to cater for those of other faiths, in particular the growing number of Islamic children in Ireland (“Call for State schools to accommodate Islamic beliefs”, September 3rd). Dr Selim is correct in saying that the current state of exclusion is unacceptable, unfair and completely hypocritical given our alleged commitment to human rights. Section 15 of the 1998 Education Act should be considered an affront by any decent, fair-minded person.

Where Dr Selim is wrong, however, is in seeking that further accommodations be made for religious beliefs in our education system. The only logical answer I can see to this issue is the removal of section 15 and the secularisation of the education system.

It is incumbent upon our State to educate our children about the world. If parents wish to educate their children about non-secular issues of faith then they should do so, by all means. But they should not be afforded the chance to do so at the expense or exclusion of other children. – Yours, etc,

JAMES SCULLY-LANE,

King Street North,

Smithfield,

Dublin 7.

Sir,– Dr Ali Selim, in his usual measured and erudite way, has done much over the years to explain Islam to an uncomprehending and sometimes unsympathetic public. However, his views on the Irish education system, and the role of religions in it, will surely foment many mental tussles on whether in our search for an inclusive society we should allow ourselves to be dictated to by a religious minority.

Of course Muslims have rights and they, like every other faith group, should be accommodated educationally and compromises should be made. But only as far as is practicable. Dr Salim’s agonising about communal changing rooms, music and headscarf prohibition at PE brings us back many decades to the episcopal strictures on “mixed bathing”, “company keeping” and the McQuaid Trinity ban. He is unaware, perhaps, that Islam, like any other religion, has an obligation to adjust to, although not necessarily agree with, the society in which it lives.

This is not to deny, of course, the need for reform of the role of religions in our schools. – Yours, etc,

PAUL MURRAY,

Templeville Drive,

Templeogue, Dublin 6W.

Sir, – Far from being a “revolution of inclusivity”, most of the changes proposed by Dr Ali Selim to make State schools accommodate Islamic beliefs would serve as a step back into the well-worn path of dogmatic irrationality.

Dr Selim is undeniably justified in highlighting the discriminatory practice, in some schools, of giving preference to pupils of a certain religious persuasion.

Once a school receives State funding, it should lose the right to apply such criteria, on the grounds that it is a remnant of traditional inequality in a supposedly equal society.

However, he calls for discrimination of a different kind by proposing that girls be only allowed play when out of sight of boys, that all physical contact between boys and girls be forbidden, or that certain musical instruments be prohibited for fear their use would conflict with Islamic values.

From the article, it is unclear if Dr Selim is proposing that these measures be applied selectively for Islamic children in Irish schools, on a wider scale in schools with a high proportion of Islamic students, or across all schools.

Regardless of which option he envisions, none of them can be considered in State-run establishments.

In 2014, our schools should be run on principles guided by reason, rather than ancient texts. We can no more consider an Islamic version of physical education than we can a creationist version of science. School governance should be informed by compassion, equality, inclusivity and a spirit of inquiry.

None of these principles can be sacrificed in the desperate scramble for political correctness.

The Irish education system has never been freer from the clutches of dogmatic influence. We owe it to future generations to take this opportunity to iron out finally old prejudices and pointless divisions from our social fabric, rather than introducing new ones. – Yours, etc,

JOHN HOGAN,

Ballyneety,

Co Limerick.

Sir, – Perhaps Catholicism and Islam are not that different after all. Dr Ali Selim’s descriptions of some of Islam’s more prudish strictures have the distinct whiff of John Charles McQuaid about them. – Yours, etc,

BRIAN AHERN,

Meadow Copse,

Clonsilla, Dublin 15.

Sir, – Having read Dr Ali Selim’s medieval wishlist for Irish education, I would like to thank him sincerely for reminding us all why we need less religion, not more, in Irish schools. – Yours, etc,

PAUL WILLIAMS,

Circular Road,

Kilkee,

Co Clare.

Sir, – The suggestion by Jacky Jones (“Educational caste system affects all aspects of life”, Second Opinion, Health + Family, September 2nd) that there might be a compulsory 40 per cent intake of disadvantaged children has much to commend it, but will it work?

I come from a working class background and was educated in England under the provisions of the 1944 Education Act and what was then the “11-plus” system. In effect, you got into an advanced secondary level education on the basis of educational achievement. That is not to say money was not a great help, particularly if your parents wished to bypass the public system.

But inevitably, being of Catholic Irish extraction meant that most boys in my year were working class too. It also meant that from primary school level upwards, we were as Catholics trained to believe that we were as good as anybody else. Under that 1944 Act, and because of other assistance promoted by the postwar British Labour Party, it became the norm that most boys that I knew went on to third level. I do not think my female contemporaries were any different.

In short, social mix meant nothing in the context of the educational achievement of my contemporaries. It might be more productive to examine the basis of the success evident in the performance of secondary level students in Northern Ireland as compared to the UK generally. – Yours, etc,

GERALD MURPHY,

Marley Avenue,

Marley Grange, Dublin 16.

A chara, – I’m curious as to how Dr Jacky Jones would carry out her proposal to force all schools to have a mix of “40 per cent of pupils from families with medical cards and 60 per cent from middle- and higher-income families”. Whatever about forcing schools to adopt changes to their admission policies – it’s already hard enough drawing up enrolment polices – drawing them up so as to reflect the socio-economic background of the students on top of everything else would be a nightmare. How would she force parents to comply? Parents do have constitutional rights in this area; drawing up legislation that didn’t infringe on these would probably be problematic (and please don’t suggest we have yet another referendum to deal with it – we can’t amend the Constitution every five minutes).

Even without these rights, does she seriously imagine parents would put up with allowing their children to be sent hither and yon for the sake of her theory? It’d be a brave TD who’d stand up in the Dáil and vote for that one, party whip or not.

Also, how are the children to be moved from one area to another? Our school transport system is already struggling to cope. And let’s not forget the students – how likely are they to want to spend extra hours out of their day in travel? Not to mention being forced to go to school outside of their own communities, away from their families and friends. Extra resources for the preschools, primary schools, and secondary schools attended by children whose background indicates they are less likely to go on to third level would seem simpler.

Simpler, that is, if the desired goal actually is to guide these children into higher education and provide them with the attendant health benefits that Dr Jones says comes from further education. If the agenda is about breaking down perceived class barriers, that’s a whole different conversation. – Is mise,

Rev PATRICK G BURKE,

Castlecomer,

Co Kilkenny.

Sir, – In spite of the establishment of the Irish Heritage Trust and the work of the OPW, the upcoming Bantry House contents sale (“Appeal to State to keep Bantry House rare works from sale”, September 3rd) demonstrates that there is still no effective safety net to protect the historic collections of the great country houses of Ireland. Since the publication of the Irish Georgian Society and Department of the Environment-supported report by Prof Terence Dooley, A Future for Irish Historic Houses? (2003), this sale will become the second great country house in this study to have had its contents sold in its entirety while others have seen significant sales.

As cultural tourism attractions, these houses, together with their historic collections, often play important roles in rural economies through drawing visitors away from major centres. Selling their historic contents, as is now occurring in Bantry House, diminishes the attractiveness of the sites to potential visitors and so seems self-defeating.

So as to limit the further erosion of these nationally important heritage sites and to consolidate their role in the tourism economy, there is a clear need for all interested organisations (the Irish Georgian Society, the Irish Heritage Trust, the Irish Historic Houses Association, the Office of Public Works and the Department of Arts, Heritage and the Gaeltacht) to rethink the basis upon which intervention might prove possible so as to avoid further instances of this potentially irretrievable loss of heritage patrimony. – Yours, etc,

DONOUGH CAHILL,

Executive Director,

Irish Georgian Society,

City Assembly House,

South William Street,

Dublin 2.

e been negotiated, and Gaza moved off the front pages, when Israel announced the takeover of 1,000 acres of Palestinian land in the West Bank, the biggest appropriation of Palestine land in 30 years (“Israel draws international rebuke for latest West Bank land seizure”, September 1st).

We have to start somewhere to reverse this situation, and to move towards a peaceful and just solution to this historic and ongoing problem.

As Irish people we need to use our recognised position as a neutral country, take a stand, and withdraw our ambassador from Israel and expel the Israeli ambassador.

This step could become the turning point, one which starts to mobilise world opinion, and forces Israel to operate in a civilised manner. – Yours, etc,

MARIE HUMPHRIES,

Wigan Road,

Dublin 9.

Sir, – I wholeheartedly agree with the sentiment expressed in the letter from Senator Sean Barrett (September 2nd). However, it is not policy that gets things done, but rather action. Mr Barrett is in the privileged position of having been elected as one of our legislators. It is within his power, and that of his fellow Senators, who have expressed “strong support for the position of compliant tenants of defaulting landlords”, to bring legislation before the house to rectify this issue, which is affecting an increasing number of the Seanad’s constituency. Draft the legislation and put it before the House and let the Senators vote it down, if they dare. – Yours, etc,

ALAN FORDE,

Waterfall Road,

Bishopstown,

Cork.

Sir, – Further to recent correspondence (September 2nd), introducing a greater variety of languages in schools would be a welcome step. Yet it would be foolish to dismiss the utility of the French language.

Regrettably, French is too often taught as solely the language of France, and with some luck Québec. Leaving Cert comprehensions are populated by Pierre and Marie from Paris, never by Fatima from Guinea or Merwan from Algeria. Yet only a fraction of the world’s Francophone people lives in France, and this proportion is steadily diminishing.

French is growing fast. A projection by investment bank Natixis estimated that the language will be spoken by 750 million people by 2050. Most crucially, this growth is occurring in what will be the economic powerhouse of this century – Africa. A focus on French’s international, especially African, flavour would make for not only more employable but also for more socially aware citizens. The need to engage students with the developing world has never been greater. – Yours, etc,

RALPH HURLEY

O’DWYER,

Kahler,

Rochester, Minnesota.

Sir, – On behalf of Pennsylvania State University, I wish to record my deepest appreciation for the warm hospitality we were shown during our recent visit to Ireland.

It was a magical trip marked by spectacular scenery, friendly people, educational opportunities and a thrilling athletic competition in Croke Park, which is one of the world’s most historic sports venues. Special thanks go to the Gaelic Athletic Association which helped facilitate the trip, and Lord Mayor of Dublin Christy Burke who opened up the city to our student-athletes, coaches and fans.

Thousands of alumni, staff and students have returned to the US with countless memories, and we look forward to building on the cultural, academic and economic development opportunities between Penn State and Ireland’s outstanding colleges, universities and industries.

I believe that you can tell a great deal about people based on their hospitality. Ireland stands tall on that score. – Yours, etc,

ERIC J BARRON,

President,

Pennsylvania State

University,

Sir, – I agree with Daniel K Sullivan ( September 3rd).

Why, when a candidate – who happens to be male – is chosen, is there such disapproval from some quarters, solely on the basis of his gender? It seems that some people want objectivity, but on their own terms. They are against discrimination, unless it’s discrimination that suits their agenda. The irony here is dazzling.

The introduction of gender quotas could result in better candidates losing out to weaker candidates. Is this really what we want? A better-qualified woman should not lose out to a lesser-qualified man. Similarly, a better-qualified man should not lose out to a lesser-qualified woman.

I would whole-heartedly welcome an increase in female candidates at the next general election, but gender quotas are not the way to go. Gender quotas, by their very nature, facilitate and encourage sexual discrimination. Is this not precisely what advocates of gender quotas are seeking to address?

Candidates should be chosen on the basis of ability and merit, irrespective of gender. – Yours, etc,

ROB SADLIER,

Stocking Avenue,

Rathfarnham, Dublin 16.

Sir, – Paul Clements (An Irishman’s Diary, August 30th) relates how in 1924 the BBC was set up in the newly formed state of Northern Ireland. The identifier call sign was 2BE, suggested at the time by prime minister Lord Craigavon as standing for “the second city of the British Empire”.

On January 1st, 1926, in the Irish Free State, Radio 2RN was formally opened by Dr Douglas Hyde, who was to become the first president of Ireland in 1938. The call sign Radio 2RN was designated by London, phonetically reproducing the last words of the song Come Back to Éireann. This title was maintained until 1932 when it was changed to Radio Éireann. – Yours, etc,

TOM COOPER,

Templeville Road,

Templeogue,

Dublin 6W.

Sir, – Rachael Stanley’s letter (September 3rd) about death being a great leveller reminded me of the two onlookers watching a millionaire being buried in his Rolls Royce.

One remarked to the other, “Man, that’s what I call living”. – Yours, etc,

TOM GILSENAN,

Elm Mount,

Beaumont,

Dublin 9.

Sir, – Without giving offense to our favorite transatlantic neighbors, it would be difficult to organize the dropping of British spelling (September 3rd). However, with some labor, humor and dialog, we might maneuver our way towards the center of American spelling, but it could take all nite. – Yours, etc,

PATRICK O’BYRNE,

Shandon Crescent,

Phibsborough,

Dublin 7.

Irish Independent:

Pope Francis’s decision to consider Archbishop Oscar Romero of San Salvador for sainthood dilutes the influence of those right-wing voices in the Vatican who saw Mr Romero’s radical siding with the poor, the marginalised, the tortured and the disappeared as more to do with politics than faith. Mr Romero was persistently critical of the ruthless military regime that was complicit in his murder. The people of San Salvador already see him as a saint.

Mr Romero took seriously what he saw as the Christian calling to serve the poor and outcasts of society, intensifying awareness of their unjust oppression. A key influence on Romero was Brazilian educator Paulo Freire, particularly through his book, ‘The Pedagogy of the Oppressed.’

Freire had shown that the education system, far from liberating the poor, confirmed them in their condition. The church served the state well in the inculcation of orthodoxy and resignation; the notion that God loved the poor was equated with the view that he loved poverty.

However, the promise of a better condition for the poor in the next life, allied to the difficulty the rich would experience in getting to heaven, did not fire the enthusiasm of the wealthy for poverty. Central and South America, with the support of the USA, were bedevilled by a series of corrupt and oppressive dictators with a pathological antipathy to democracy.

They served the interests of the rich and powerful, leaving the poor to pick up the crumbs that fell from their tables.

Pope Francis’s commitment to pursuing the beatification of Mr Romero represents a radical move towards bringing Christian life back to earth, to face up to our responsibilities for one another; so that all of us, politicians included, do not dispose of our duties to those at the margins of society by praying for them.

Our politics and our faith are inseparable.

Philip O’Neill, Oxford, UK

Joan as spacewoman

In the much-acclaimed movie ‘Gravity’ Sandra Bullock‘s character is required to save herself. With meagre resources and against impossible odds, she has to extract herself from hostile outer space, avoid the random lethal debris of the space race and return to Earth.

Our own Miss Congeniality, Tanaiste Joan Burton, has a similar task. She has even fewer resources and is facing even more impossible odds, but has the added burden of saving the irradiated and comatose Labour Party. And without the benefit of the best special effects that money can buy.

At the cost of being momentarily serious (and with apologies for the pun), does she and the Labour Party, let alone our good selves, realise that this task will require more than mere gravity?

Maurice O’Connell, Tralee, Co Kerry

 

Time to listen to sex workers

Your report (Independent.ie, September 2) outlining Justice Minister Frances Fitzgerald’s consideration of the criminalisation of the purchase of sex contained a basic factual error. It is not illegal to sell sexual services to another adult in a private place in Ireland.

In addition, I am confused as to why the minister, or anyone, would see the criminalisation of the purchase of sexual services as a practical response to the state-sanctioned poverty of people living in Direct Provision.

As was clear from the report on ‘Today’ with Sean O’Rourke, people in Direct Provision are not selling sex just because other people want to buy sex; it happens because people live in poverty with few or no other ways to earn an income and provide for their families. Perhaps the minister should consider allowing those applying for refugee status to work, and focus on ending Direct Provision, rather than criminalising and stigmatising people in sex work any further. If you are selling something that is illegal to buy, how can you not feel that you are doing something illegal? If the police intercept you as you are working, how can you not feel like a criminal?

The minister would do well to actually listen to sex workers and refugees. They know their own lives. They are the experts. Arresting people who pay for sexual services will not give either of these marginalised groups any more rights, protections or opportunities. Let’s not pretend it will.

Dearbhla Ryan, Portobello, Dublin 8

 

US must end support of Israel

Israel’s attack on Gaza and its people has taught us a terrifying lesson. Over 2,100 people in Gaza, many of them children, have been killed by Israel and the world just stood by and allowed it to happen.

The United States administration supported Israel and the United Nations did nothing whatever to stop the widespread carnage and destruction of Gaza. UN Secretary General Ban Ki-moon is less than inspiring. And what can one say about Tony Blair? What has he ever done for these poor people? The savagery of Israel’s assault on the unfortunate people of Gaza is beyond description. Homes, a hospital and UN-run shelters were attacked and innocent people were killed. Children playing on the beach were killed. There will, of course, be no peace in the Middle East till Israel lifts its blockade of Gaza.

Israel continues even now to steal land to which it has no right and build settlements – and still the USA continues to support it. I listened to brave Israeli journalist Gideon Levy speaking on the BBC programme ‘Hard Talk’ where he said: “Israelis cannot live in the luxury of no accountability for what’s being done in their name.”

There will be no peace in the Middle East while the US administration continues to give unconditional support to Israel.

Name and address with Editor

 

State to blame for travel woes

The AA have recently warned that motorists can expect the “worst traffic season” in years, with “traffic volumes up across the road network”. In that light, one would expect a government with any semblance of foresight to invest in its public transport network, so as to reduce the need for private cars on our roads.

Instead, our government seems intent on washing its hands of any responsibility for public transport. It has slashed the public subvention to public transport companies by over €53 million a year.

With the prospect of severe traffic congestion looming on the horizon, surely the best way forward is to provide a properly funded public transport system that is capable of reducing the necessity for people to take their car to work.

Instead, we have a situation whereby the number of trains and buses in service is being cut and industrial unrest is being instigated.

Perhaps the imminent constant reports of gridlock around Dublin, Cork, Galway and Limerick will force the government to explore ways of reducing traffic levels on Irish roads. However, by that stage Irish citizens will have already paid the price for the Government’s arrogant and ideological refusal to properly fund a public transport network.

Simon O’Connor, Crumlin, Dublin 12

 

Action needed on housing crisis

My heart goes out to the thousands of students unable to find suitable accommodation in Dublin, but attention must also be given to professionals unable to find the same.

I myself have been searching for over a month, have viewed countless rooms and yet, with my lease ending this day last week, still find myself without a room in Dublin. How are people expected to work and live if they are competing with 100 other people for a €500 p/m box room?

And when is the Government going to address the ever-growing housing crisis in Dublin?

Chris Prendergast, Address with Editor

Irish Independent


Doctor

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5 September 2014 Doctor

I jog around the park I still have arthritis in my left knee, but I manage to get round the park. A warmish day. I get my hair done and go to see my GP about my ears. She prescribes some anti-biotics and I can get them tomorrow.

Mary’s back not much better today, pie for tea and her back pain is still there.

Obituary:

Gabriel Kolko – obituary

Gabriel Kolko was a Marxist historian who denounced America for imperialism but eventually accepted that socialism had failed

Gabriel Kolko: he praised the Vietnamese Communists

Gabriel Kolko: he praised the Vietnamese Communists

6:48PM BST 03 Sep 2014

CommentsComments

GABRIEL KOLKO, who has died aged 81, was a Marxist historian whose often persuasive criticisms of American foreign policy tended to be undermined by his blatant partisanship.

Kolko made a name for himself in the 1960s as a revisionist historian, laying the blame for the Cold War on an all-consuming post-war American drive to impose its economic and political order on the world. In books such as The Politics of War (1968), The Limits of Power (written with his wife, Joyce, in 1972) and Confronting the Third World (1988), Kolko presented the United States as the “major inheritor” of the mantle of imperialism in the modern age, pursuing an agenda that prodded “the political destinies of distant places to evolve in a manner beneficial to American… interests” — policies which, in the long run, were detrimental to those interests.

In case studies of United States policies toward such countries as Chile, Brazil, Nicaragua, Cuba, Iran and the Philippines, Kolko argued that America cared little about political democracy and equitable economic development. Rather, it had consistently pushed political stability, frequently supporting brutal repression, if necessary, to keep local radicals under control. It also pursued economic policies that would enable American business to operate as freely as possible — effectively turning developing countries into plantations for an integrated, US-dominated capitalist world economy. That such policies often devastated local networks concerned few in Washington.

Along the way, Kolko provided strong documentary evidence for his claim that American interventions had rarely been prompted by a fear of communism or even the threat of expanding Soviet influence. Instead they generally reflected the fear that nationalist leaders would restrict US business opportunities.

However, the US was never capable of attaining the world order it idealised. Some of the tyrants it supported in the 1980s — Saddam Hussein in the Iraq-Iran war of 1980-87, and the fundamentalist Mujahideen against the Soviets in Afghanistan in the 1980s — subsequently became its enemies, helping to fuel the Islamic terrorist “nightmare”. Others were simply venal and unreliable — Marcos in the Philippines or Suharto in Indonesia.

Such folly was not an American monopoly, Kolko conceded, but while others had gained insights from the calamities that had befallen them in recent history, the US had not. The problem was Washington’s consistent over-optimism about the efficacy of its technology and firepower: “Resistance to learning when grave errors have been committed is almost proportionate to the resources available to repeat them,” he observed. A paradox of the modern era, Kolko argued, was that, at a time when America had never been more militarily powerful, it had never felt less secure.

While many historians would probably agree with some of this analysis, Kolko tended to undermine his own case by his failure to acknowledge American foreign policy successes (within the exploitative framework Kolko described, countries such as South Korea, Malaysia and Taiwan became important manufacturing centres), and his failure to recognise fault in America’s enemies. In The Politics of War, for example, he acknowledged the massacre of some 22,000 Polish officers at Katyn as historical fact, but described it as “the exception’’ to Soviet conduct (even assuming the Soviets were responsible), somehow ignoring the millions of other victims of Stalinism.

His pro-communism was, perhaps, seen most clearly in his Anatomy of a War (1986), a critique of America’s involvement in Vietnam in which he presented the Vietnamese Communist Party as an almost saintly cadre whose “remarkable and often unique efforts on behalf of a revolutionary morality and personal socialist values” were inspired by a “unique vision of a humanistic Marxism-Leninism”.

One of the worst atrocities of the war, the massacre of some 2,800 “counter-revolutionary elements” during the Communists’ 25-day occupation of Hue in 1968, was nowhere mentioned. Nor was there any allusion to the imprisonment of tens of thousands of former South Vietnamese soldiers, officials, and political and religious leaders after the Communist victory in 1975.

As one critic observed: “One does not have to believe that the United States came away from Vietnam with clean hands to understand the meaning of a million-and-a-half refugees, or to see that today Vietnam is one of the world’s most frightening police states.”

Amusingly, in 1997 Kolko turned on his former heroes in Vietnam: Anatomy of a Peace, in which he argued that market capitalism, foisted on the Vietnamese by the US-dominated World Bank and IMF (but with the consent of the dominant group within the Communist politburo), had nullified all the heroic efforts of the Vietnamese people to liberate themselves. American-style capitalism had shattered the agrarian economy of the country, made wage slaves of the urban workers and concentrated power and wealth in the hands of a mostly corrupt elite. The “surrender” of the party of Ho Chi Minh to the “free market”, he saw as a gross betrayal. “His disillusion is understandable,” observed a critic, “but the need to internationalise a war-ruined country was desperate.”

The son of two teachers, Gabriel Morris Kolko was born on August 17 1932 in Paterson, New Jersey. After studying American Social and Economic History at Kent State University and the University of Wisconsin, he took a PhD at Harvard in 1962.

After leaving Harvard, he joined the University of Pennsylvania, where he became active in the Committee to End the War in Vietnam (CEWV) and later participated in the private tribunal organised by Bertrand Russell and Jean-Paul Sartre to investigate American “war crimes” in Vietnam. In the mid-1960s — after he discovered that scientists at the university were engaged in secret chemical and biological warfare research on behalf of the US Department of Defense — he brought the issue to the attention of the media and organised protests, with the result that the university froze his salary and removed his privileges as a faculty member, forcing him to leave.

Kolko first became known in academic circles for two books, The Triumph of Conservatism: A Reinterpretation of American History, 1900-1916 (1963) and Railroads and Regulation, 1877-1916 (1965), in which he challenged the standard view that the so-called “progressive era” of the early 20th century had been a time when government regulators had cracked down on freewheeling big business. In fact, he argued, it was big business which pressed for, and got, regulation to shield itself from upstart competitors. This policy of “corporate control of the liberal agenda” had shaped American social, economic and political life ever since.

After a brief period at what is now the University of Buffalo, in 1970 Kolko moved to York University in Toronto, Canada, where he taught until his retirement. In 1973 he and his wife, Joyce, were in Da Nang as guests of the North Vietnamese when Saigon fell, and they were invited to announce the event to the local population over the radio in French.

In later books such as After Socialism (2006), The Age of War (2006) and World in Crisis (2009), Kolko admitted that the cause he had supported all his life had been a failure: “After Stalin, Mao and Blair,” he wrote, “socialism is today irreversibly dead… but capitalist theories are no less erroneous and irrelevant, and the failure of all concepts, of all stripes, makes the task of reconstructing social thought even more daunting just as our reality makes it even more essential.”

In 1992 Kolko and Joyce moved to Amsterdam, where she died in 2012.

Gabriel Kolko, born August 17 1932, died May 19 2014

Guardian:

Brooks Newmark comments on charities Brooks Newmark. ‘If the minister were to read about Madame Defarge and the tricoteuses in A Tale of Two Cities, he might wish to rephrase his advice to charities,’ writes Peter Grant. Photograph: PA

A period of silence from the new minister for civil society would be appreciated while he studies a little history of the charity sector (Stick to your knitting, minister tells campaigning charities, 4 September). The great Victorian founders of Barnardos, the Children’s Society and the National Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Children, for example, began by providing homes for children but soon realised that they must engage with public and political opinion if millions of their beneficiaries were to be free from the effects of untrammeled parents’ rights to maltreat children. For countless other charities, likewise, non-party political activity has been an essential part of pursuing their charitable objects. One cannot defeat poverty by practical projects alone. One cannot protect the environment for future generations by dry-stone walling and tidying up litter alone.

His advisers might tip off the minister that churches, traditional nurseries of all sorts of moral and political campaigns, are also charities. He may have difficulty persuading the pope and Cardinal Nichols to keep quiet about the Catholic social teaching, or the archbishop of Canterbury to keep quiet about payday loans or the agonies of Sudan. Another tip is that many charities are not about “helping people” but concentrate on activities ranging from animal welfare, the arts, conservation, education and public health, to many of which campaigning is key. Would the minister like a country without national parks and green belts, with thick pea soupers in London carrying off thousands of people with breathing problems, women at the kitchen sink with no legal rights, homosexuals jailed, little boys climbing chimneys? If only all those charities had stuck to their knitting. Political activity is more than the grudgingly acknowledged “right” of charities. It has been and remains an essential part of their formidable contribution to our democracy and collective life.
Andrew Purkis
London

My charity knitting began in the 1990s, helping people who could not afford their poll tax. Around 5,000 people were sent to prison by the magistrates for non-payment. Over 1,000 of those imprisonments were found to be unlawful by the high court. Cases which included a couple in their 80s, who were incontinent in court, and a single mother who owed only £20. Then a vicar in the Chilterns, and chair of a charity, I attacked the Tory government for introducing such flagrantly unjust laws. That rang a bell in the mind of Michael Heseltine, a nearby Conservative MP for Henley on Thames until 2001, who set about abolishing the dreaded tax. Long may charity knitting involve telling the uncomfortable truth to power.
Rev Paul Nicolson
Taxpayers Against Poverty

Of course the government wants to put in place measures designed to stop charities rocking the boat. The majority of charities need to lobby and campaign on behalf of those they represent, and would not be doing their job if they didn’t. Perhaps Mr Newmark has forgotten we are supposed to be a democracy, and the public is entitled to have its say about government policies. Mr Newmark’s government can’t have it both ways, expecting charities to fill in where government has failed to make vital provision for those that need help in society, and trying at the same time to silence legitimate criticism. This is not a good start for someone whose post is called civic society minister.
Dawn Penman
Kempsford, Gloucestershire

The voluntary project with which I am associated In Glasgow does distribute garments which supporters knit for us. They are needed because wealthy and distant politicians impose policies which, as the Joseph Rowntree Foundation shows, mean some families can not afford essential items like clothes. It is our moral duty to expose and oppose these political decisions.
Bob Holman
Glasgow

The minister appears to assume that knitting is always an apolitical activity. He is clearly unaware of the event organised by CND and Wool against Weapons on 9 August. A seven-mile knitted scarf, made by knitting peace activists, was unfurled between the atomic weapons establishments at Aldermaston and Burghfield, in protest against nuclear weapons and the renewal of Trident.
Jeanie Molyneux
Newcastle upon Tyne

Surely politics has always been about the balance between power and morality, whatever the party.
Sylvia Ayling
Woodford Green, Essex

If Brooks Newmark were to read about Madame Defarge and the tricoteuses in A Tale of Two Cities, he might wish to rephrase his advice to charities.
Peter Grant
Oxford

UK and Scotland flags Is a federal Britain the solution to keeping the United Kingdom united? Photograph: Andy Buchanan/AFP/Getty Images

There may be one way of keeping Scotland in the UK (PM is urged to delay 2015 election if Scotland says yes to independence, 4 September). The government should immediately commit to transforming Britain into a federal state.

For reasons of equity, balanced economic development and democracy, it would need to be a federal state constituted of England’s regions (the north, the Midlands, the south-west etc) as well as Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland. It would also need to be a state underpinned by a written constitution. With constitutionally guaranteed powers to drive economic development, protect health and social services, control education, deliver more skilled, better paid and secure jobs etc, the British nations and English regions would be protected from the ravages of Westminster-imposed neoliberalism of which “austerity” is just the most recent manifestation. If the Scots vote for independence, it will be because they are fed up with the economic and social dispossession that they – and the majority of the British people – have suffered at the hands of Westminster governments since the 1970s, irrespective of the party in office.

A federal state, along the lines of Germany or Canada, just might keep Scotland as part of Britain.
Jeffrey Henderson
Professor of international development, University of Bristol

• With the Scottish referendum approaching and the yes vote close to parity, where, one wonders, is the voice for the rest of the UK? Where is the leadership that might guide voters of both persuasions on the real and long-terms benefits of union? In a report on the Scottish referendum on Radio 4 in which David Cameron was interviewed by Nick Robinson, the prime minister responded to questions by asking (no doubt, rhetorically), “What more could I do?”

There is a widely held view that the political system across the whole of the UK is stagnant and in need of refreshment. As usual, it is the Scots who show us the way.

Instead of threatening and bullying them on issues such as currency and jobs, the national government could embrace the concept of autonomy, not just for Scotland but for Wales, England and Northern Ireland. After all, there are many parts of the UK other than Scotland who bitterly resent the remote control from Westminster, especially when it is Tory-led. A federal structure under the umbrella of a national assembly to deal with overarching issues such as defence and currency, would revitalise politics across the UK.

What is required of government, and the prime minister in particular, is a vision for a future United Kingdom. If the Scots can see a state that gives them the degree of autonomy they crave, but with the benefits of union, they are more likely to vote no, and the remainder of the UK would benefit too.
Michael Wrigley
Bath

• In the light of the confusion about currency and EU membership in the event of a yes vote (Scotland could not join the EU without deal on the pound, 3 September) might the SNP and UK government consider “a Jersey solution” ?

Jersey is a Crown possession with the Queen as head but is a completely self-governing democracy with its own financial, fiscal and legal systems. It uses the UK pound but issues its own currency notes on a par basis with the pound. UK notes are legal tender in Jersey but Jersey notes are not legal tender in the UK. Jersey is not a member of the EU but is in the EU Customs Union and enjoys free movement of goods within the EU. There are no border controls between the island and the UK. The only direct involvement of the UK government is responsibility for Jersey’s defence. Not a wholly ideal solution, perhaps, but a compromise that might provide Scotland and the UK with a good deal of what each is arguing for.
Alan Fowler 
Winchester

Network Rail logo on jacket Money to Network Rail is ‘invested to maintain, enhance and improve the network for rail users’. Photograph: Jonathan Brady/PA

Money to Network Rail is not, as Aditya Chakrabortty claims (We’re all victims of the Great British Railway Rake-Off, 2 September), a “subsidy … handed over to the train operators”, but is invested to maintain, enhance and improve the network for rail users. Spending not only benefits passengers but the entire country, with the industry enhancing productivity by £10.2bn a year, according to consultants Oxera. It also found the railway and its supply chain pay £3.9bn a year in tax, offsetting nearly all of the £4bn the government provides to support train operations. While train operator profits have fallen in real terms from £270m in 1997-98 to £250m in 2012-13, representing a 3% margin, over the same period money paid by operators to government to reinvest in services has increased fivefold from £390m to £1.96bn.

While we know we must keep improving and driving up the quality of services, our railway is far from being a “mess”. Britain’s unique partnership between the private and public sectors in rail has helped create a renaissance in train travel. While other European countries have also invested heavily in their railways, they do not benefit from the same vibrant rail market and so do not come close to matching GB rail’s success over the last decade and a half, which has seen our railway transformed into Europe’s safest and fastest-growing network.
Michael Roberts
Director general, Rail Delivery Group (representing Network Rail and rail operators)

• Aditya Chakrabortty writes that Network Rail’s accumulation of debt has allowed train operating companies to make huge profits, citing earnings of £2.47 per £1 invested. It is widely recognised that measuring return on capital employed is misleading for asset-light companies such as train operating companies (which primarily lease their rolling stock and, indeed, invest small amounts in tangible assets). More informative is the operating margin that such companies earn: on average, 3% for TOCs in 2012-13. This would not be considered “huge profits” by any standards. Furthermore, Mr Chakrabortty’s argument that each Briton is £539 worse off as a result of the reclassification of Network Rail fails to take account of the other half of the balance sheet – Network Rail’s debt stands at around 65%-70% of its regulated asset base (itself an understatement as a result of historical adjustments). If Mr Chakrabortty were given £100 and told he had to repay £70, would he feel worse off?
Christopher Davis
London

We feel as if we are living in a military state here, with warships in Cardiff Bay and armed police on the streets patrolling steel fences, and gates across the high street to defend Cardiff Castle (Report, 4 September). President Obama flew in from Estonia having promised the Baltic states a blank cheque. How could a Labour government in Wales countenance this? Nato powers are discredited by invading Iraq without a UN resolution and without waiting for the UN weapons inspectors to finish their task, in stark contrast with their unqualified support for the oil-rich Sunni tyranny in Saudi Arabia that has aided and abetted jihadists in Syria. The only way to tackle the grave threat to world peace posed by Islamic State is through the UN, by putting Nato forces at the disposal of a UN peacekeeping force. The end of the Nato threat to Russia’s Black Sea fleet in Crimea would make it possible for western and eastern Europe to work together for peace in the Middle East, where we continue to pick up the pieces from the first world war one hundred years on. Britain’s future security lies in a united Europe, not in clinging to the coat tails of empire as the 51st state.
Margaret Phelps
Penarth, Vale of Glamorgan

BBC Trust Rona Fairhead has been appointed to chair the BBC Trust. Photograph: Linda Nylind for the Guardian

It may surprise you to know that, contrary to the impression given in your editorial (1 September), Rona Fairhead’s nomination as chair of the BBC Trust followed a fair and open competition, which met the requirements of my published code of practice on public appointments. There was no “obscure” appointment process. The post was advertised in the national press. We were open about the process, the timetable and the membership of the appointments panel. Anyone who wanted could get hold of the detailed requirements of the role. From the day of advertising to the announcement of the outcome took just over three months, not unusual for an appointment of this importance. The panel was chaired by one of my public appointments assessors, not by Jeremy Heywood. The assessor’s role throughout was to ensure the panel ignored the noises-off in the media and to judge the candidates against the published criteria. The appointment was characterised by a high degree of media speculation, most of it inaccurate, about who was in the frame. Rona Fairhead won this process fair and square. Not because she was a woman. Not because she is a crony. But because she was judged by an independent panel and then by the secretary of state and the prime minister to be an excellent candidate for the job.
David Normington
Commissioner for Public Appointments

• Why are MPs questioning what made Cambridge-educated Rona Fairhead suitable to head the BBC Trust?
Colin Adkins
Wrexham

• When Philip Davies MP asks whether Rona Fairhead got the job because she is a woman, is he running scared of Ukip? Or does he genuinely want to limit opportunities for women?
Robin Pye
Manchester

Man in shower Now you know where you can stick that shower gel. Photograph: Alija/Getty Images

The Eyewitness photograph (2 September) is wonderful. Why can I not produce results as good? This is a request that you publish more details (equipment, lens, shutter speed). It would be a great help to those of us struggling to get good photographs.
David Hurry
Hurstpierpoint, West Sussex

• It’s some 30 years since I heard Phil Boorman introduce the terms nearly fractions and really fractions to a meeting of teachers of mathematics in Bristol (In praise of… fractions, 2 September). Phil showed us how to use paper-folding exercises to develop the understanding that, although sometimes nearly fractions were quite good enough, there were times when really fractions were critical to the achievement of a satisfactory result.
John Chatley
Wellingborough, Northamptonshire

• John Dugdale (The week in books, Review, 30 August) asks if it is “possible to pick out a Man Booker winner purely because of the brilliance of their first sentence”? If that were true, then Anthony Burgess should have romped home with the prize for his shortlisted novel Earthly Powers in 1980: “It was the afternoon of my 81st birthday, and I was in bed with my catamite when Ali announced that the archbishop had come to see me.” Sadly, Burgess never did win the Booker.
Mike Sharrocks
Reading

• “Feisty” (Letters, 2 September) is a particularly inappropriate term to use about anyone, given that its original meaning is to fart a lot.
Iain Macniven
Glasgow

• Living in the countryside, we observe at close quarters a variety of wildlife brought in by our cat. This is where a whisky tube comes in very handy (Letters, 3 September; once cornered, mousie will gladly take refuge in the tube, which can then be up-ended so that the creature can be transported to the garden and released for a second chance.
Christine Grove
Wrenbury, Cheshire

• You could use one to enclose a gift; shower gel, say. My husband received one such present and his disappointment was palpable.
Jane McDermott
Falmouth, Cornwall

Independent:

Professor Alexis Jay’s report on child sexual exploitation in Rotherham has been met with an array of trite responses. Some commentators have placed undue emphasis on the fact that child sexual exploitation happens in all communities, obfuscating the fact that offenders of Pakistani origin are over-represented in this specific form of child sexual exploitation (on-street grooming).

The Child Exploitation and Online Protection Centre’s 2011 report, Out of Sight, Out of Mind, researched 2,379 potential offenders caught grooming girls since 2008. Of 940 suspects whose race could be identified, 26 per cent were Asian (almost all of Pakistani origin), 38 per cent were white, and 32 per cent were recorded as unknown. According to the Office of National Statistics, only 6 per cent of the English population is classed as Asian.

We must face up to the cultural, racial and even religious specifics in these crimes. The “double life” syndrome of some men in Pakistani communities cannot be ignored. At the more benign end of the scale, young people will have secret boyfriends and girlfriends, yet display a more pious image in front of their families. The sort of reprehensible conduct we have seen in towns like Rotherham, Rochdale and Oxford is an extreme example of this phenomenon.

Tribal mentalities have imported an honour code that labels women as either honourable or shameful. In some quarters this has developed into an underground “gangster” culture of exploiting and abusing girls who do not fit the honour code. In either case, abuse must be exposed and perpetrators brought before the law.

The honour code has no place in this country: women and girls, regardless of background, culture, ethnicity, religion, lifestyle, or familial lineage, are of equal worth. Fortunately, there is an emerging generation of human rights activists in Britain – many of whom are young, female and secular-minded – who are campaigning hard against misogyny and patriarchy within our communities.

We will continue this important work, through raising awareness, lobbying parliamentarians and facilitating workshops with Muslim women. The victims’ best interests always come first – which is why silence and apologia should never have been an option.

Dr Shaaz Mahboob

Trustee, British Muslims for Secular Democracy

Tehmina Kazi

Director, British Muslims for Secular Democracy

Diana Nammi

Executive Director and founder, Iranian and Kurdish Women’s Rights Organisation

Kalsoom Bashir

Co-director, Inspire

Mahnaz Nadeem, Iram Ramzan, Ophelia Benson,

Deeyah Khan, Gina Khan, Habiba Jaan, Dr Elham Manea, Lejla Kuri

London WC1

Julian Baggini argues (“Something rotten in the town of Rotherham”, 30 August) that “despite being a very good constituency MP”, I was too interested in European affairs. Perhaps, but the idea that an MP should only be a local super-councillor suits the power elites in London who want MPs who take no interest in issues beyond local social problems. There are many MPs like that, but no evidence that this stops the rise of Ukip or populist political prejudices.

One of my fellow Rotherham MPs was born and bred, worked and has lived in Rotherham all his life and taken little interest in foreign affairs, focusing rather on health and core domestic issues. Julian Baggini stayed in this MP’s constituency to write his fine book on the area. The BNP and now Ukip’s vote is as strong there as anywhere else. Mr Baggini makes good points about the liberal-left denial of dark illiberalism, especially as it affects women in parts of new British communities, but his implication that if MPs take no interest in issues beyond our shores, they will be more popular with Ukip or BNP voters is far-fetched.

Denis MacShane

London SW1

Sadly, the Rotherham scandal did not come as a surprise. It is an example of an inward-looking culture resistant to outside advice.

Following the Victoria Climbie tragedy, I and a colleague were asked to review the children’s services department of a county council.

I felt that senior managers did everything they could to impede the review. When it came time to present the findings, one walked out after half an hour, and the only question from a silent and resentful team of managers was: “Will you be finished on time?”

Robert K Berry

Marchwood, Hampshire

 

Scottish values vs intolerance

The No campaigners in the Scottish referendum are trying to scare people into voting for them. The people of Scotland need to think of how even more scary are the consequences of a No vote.

The No campaign’s frontman, Alistair Darling, may appear likeable and cuddly but, like pandas, he can’t deliver. Scotland has a tradition of liberalism, social justice, belief in education, and Europeanism. The consequence of voting No is to permanently shackle the Scots to an increasingly illiberal, intolerant, right-wing, south-east-England-dominated agenda.

The Tories are being dragged into an increasingly reactionary and austere stance behind a Ukip-driven handcart. The values of Ukip and the majority of the Tory Party in England are anathema to those that Scotland has been proud to promote for many years. Vote No and be truly scared.

Tom Simpson

Bristol

It could be maintained that it is the combined contributions from the people of England, Scotland,  Wales and Northern Ireland in government, public life, education, arts, sciences and elsewhere that have constituted the strength of the UK internationally, including its survival in two world wars.

While others have also contributed, it would surely be tragic to pick apart this common bond, especially in a darkening international scene.

John Eekelaar

Oxford

David Ashton (letter, 1 September) laments the fact that those who don’t live in Scotland will not be allowed to vote in the referendum.

He may wish to ponder the possible outcomes of the referendum were this to be the case. If, for example, Scottish voters were to vote in favour of independence but the UK as a whole voted against it, then Scotland would be trapped in a union against its will. I wonder if Mr Ashton really believes this to be a reasonable outcome, or if he recognises that it is exactly this sort of patronising attitude that is driving some people towards voting Yes.

David French

Edinburgh

With the Scottish vote getting too close to call, perhaps the Yes campaign should just send out a blank postcard to all voters with a Margaret Thatcher postage stamp on it. That should be enough to swing it.

Colin Burke

Manchester

Clear danger of a double standard

Alan Halibard (letter, 3 September) misses the point made in Elizabeth Morley’s letter (4 September). She doesn’t suggest that British Jews volunteering to serve with the Israeli armed forces are likely to return to the UK radicalised, to harm other citizens, but she makes the point that David Cameron has threatened to take away the passport of anyone who swears allegiance to another state. This is not a “cheap and mischievous point”, as Mr Halibard suggests, but a valid observation of a possible double standard.

Patrick Cleary

Honiton, Devon

 

Let’s link Heathrow and Gatwick

Following the Airports Commission’s rejection of the Thames Estuary (Boris Island) option, progress must be made to create an airport hub from Heathrow and Gatwick.

Instead of entering a fight, Heathrow’s and Gatwick’s owners must work together to provide a two-site hub with the necessary improved infrastructure. This must include a new, fast, dedicated transit link between the two airports, providing quick and seamless transfer of passengers and baggage to onward connections from either site. Only working together in the nation’s interest can achieve the expansion in capacity we need for the future.

Graham Duplock

Bekesbourne, Kent

It’s official: Autumn is falling later

May we assume that the Chancellor has at last made some modest acknowledgment of the impact of global warming on the cycle of the seasons – by announcing that the autumn statement will be made in December?

Bernard O’Sullivan

London SW8

 

My vote is no one else’s business

Credit should go to the polite responses given by the Glaswegian call-centre workers quizzed by David Mitchell (letter, 4 September) on their referendum voting intentions. If a stranger asked me how I intended to vote in a secret ballot, my response would be much more curt and to the point.

John Nichols

Colchester

Times:

By no means all readers think it is a two-way fight between Heathrow and ‘Boris Island’

Sir, Most of the passengers who would use “Boris Island” would have to pass through or over the most congested part of the country to reach it. London’s transport infrastructure is already stretched to breaking point, so any new airport development requiring major investment of public money should be on a site accessible to the majority of taxpayers — that is, north of the capital, expanding either Stansted or Birmingham.

Alan Bell
Gateshead

Sir, Surely relocating a third airport to the north of the country is an ideal opportunity to redress England’s considerable economic imbalance. It would also provide a major catalyst in decreasing pressure on all forms of transport in the South East.

Jeanie Campbell
Bury St Edmunds, Suffolk

Sir, I disagree with your comment (leading article, Sept 3) that the rejection of a Thames estuary airport is “a depressing mistake”. On the contrary, the enormous cost and mixed technical accomplishment of another artificial island airport — in Osaka, Japan — justify the Airports Commission’s conclusion.

Kansai airport, with some of the highest landing fees in the world, was for a long time slowly sinking (by several millimetres a year) and was too expensive for most airlines, to such an extent that full development plans (including an additional terminal) had to be scrapped. If Japan’s planners and engineers with all their knowhow were not up to the challenge, it is not by any means certain that the developers of a Thames island airport would be either.

Andrew Newton
(Former adviser to the chairman of the UK-Japan 2000 Group)
London W1

Sir, The disagreement between Boris Johnson and the head of the Airports Commission raises one question that does not seem to have been examined either by parliament or the commission. Both seem to assume that the taxpayer is responsible for any improvement, no matter which airport is chosen — even though the infrastructure owners and the airlines are most likely to benefit. The funding of options should be given equal prominence in the run-up to the decision about extra capacity, and those who benefit most should be asked to reveal how much they intend to contribute. If we are to have foreign owners of our infrastructure (Heathrow is Spanish and Gatwick is American-controlled), let’s have foreign money for improvement.

Eamonn Hamilton
Rawdon, Leeds

Sir, Your leader was somewhat unfair in suggesting that the Airports Commission’s decision to dismiss a Thames estuary airport was “ill-considered”. The commission spent 18 months examining this proposition, at great cost, and its 45-page decision notice goes into detail on the risks and logistical difficulties it would inevitably entail. The most important issue is expense. A new four-runway airport in the Thames estuary would, according to the commission and its consultants, cost some £120 billion, of which at least £60 billion would have to be provided by the taxpayer.

Rather than continuing his attempt to delay the much-needed expansion of Britain’s airport capacity, Boris Johnson should review the most pragmatic solution being reviewed by the commission.

Our independent Heathrow Hub solution, which has been shortlisted by the commission, does not entail building a third runway to the north, nor the associated noise corridor that would result over west London. It simply involves extending the existing northern runway westwards and dividing it in two. Technical studies have shown that it could be readily executed at a cost which we estimate at around £10 billion and funded solely by the airport operator rather than the public purse. Moreover the entire project could be executed by 2023 if given the go-ahead next year.

Overwhelming support from the airlines, the business community, the CBI and passengers is for an expanded Heathrow. Our proposal offers exactly that while addressing many of the environmental and related issues to which Mr Johnson has correctly drawn attention.

Steve Costello
Director, Heathrow Hub

What should schools do, exactly, with the final few weeks of the summer term?

Sir, At my school in the 1960s the weeks before the end of term in July were put to good use (letters, Sept 2 & 4). Those going into the sixth form were prepared for the following term. Most useful of all was a programme for the school leavers that covered bank accounts and managing your money, cooking on a budget, public speaking, the importance of using your vote, time management and looking after your health. Perhaps this is now all covered in the curriculum, but it was invaluable at the time.

Lucinda Morrison

Emsworth, Hants

Sir, Perhaps cricket matches should be introduced in the first half of the autumn term rather than in the summer term (letter, Sept 3). The weather at this time of year is often still and warm, and this year looks to be no exception. I grew up on the North East coast, where my love of sport was severely tested by trying to catch a cricket ball in freezing temperatures in April and having my bones crushed on rock-hard rugby pitches in September.

John Williams

London SE9

Cigarettes and cigars are still around, despite the risks to health, but where are the pipes?

Sir, While re-reading a biography by Duff Hart-Davis of one of your most famous foreign correspondents, Peter Fleming, I was stuck by the total decline of the pipe. Fleming, like my father and many others of that generation, had a pipe almost permanently in his mouth. We all know why smoking is now frowned upon, but cigarettes and cigars are still around. I have not seen a pipe in years.

John Kirkaldy

Exeter

Victorians did eat fish and chips, as did Lambethian urchins in hospital in the 1950s…

Sir, Michael Cole (Sept 3) is wrong to say that no Victorian author mentions fish and chips, and that they originated in the East End. In George Gissing’s Thyrza (1887) fried fish and potatoes were regularly enjoyed at the end of the working week by the citizens of Lambeth Walk, including Thyrza and her wayward friend Totty Nancarrow.

Mary Henry

London W4

Sir, As a junior probationer at St Thomas’ Hospital in 1957 I was assigned to the children’s medical ward. I was attempting to feed a three-year-old Lambethian boy with fish and chips. He would have none of it. Sister came by and said to me “No nurse, not like that. Wrap them in newspaper and feed them through the bars of the cot.”

They were consumed in no time.

Dr Mary Lynch-Staunton

Nunney, Somerset

There is another way of making more noise with a Lee Enfield – but it’s fraught with peril…

Sir, At Cranwell in the late 1950s we were issued with Lee Enfields (letter, Sept 2). Our drill instructors insisted that we made plenty of noise as we carried out each drill action, with our hands smacking against the rifle. We soon discovered that an easy way to make our drill louder was to slightly loosen the nuts and bolts that held the rifle together. This was fine until one cadet carried his loosening a little bit too far; on parade one day, as he ordered arms and the butt struck the ground, the rifle dramatically fell to pieces. Following that there was no more loosening up of rifles.

Rod Bell

Goldsborough, N Yorks

Pray tell, in what part of Britain are Munster, Leinster and Connacht?

Sir, Your article “Blue eyes are peeping across Britain” (Aug 30) included a map of Great Britain, Northern Ireland and the Republic of Ireland under the heading “Blue-eyed Britain”. Pray tell, in what part of Britain are Munster, Leinster and Connacht? Or Ulster for that matter, considering that three of its nine counties are part of the Republic of Ireland? Can it be any surprise that Scotland is clamouring to exit Great Britain when its paper of record shows such casual disdain for the sovereignty of neighbouring states?

Sarah Ryan

London W9

Telegraph:

Time for David Cameron to take a stand against Isil

Following the beheading of a second US journalist by Isil, the Prime Minister has no excuse not to support air strikes

A fighter of the Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant (ISIL) holds an ISIL flag and a weapon on a street in the city of Mosul,

A fighter of the Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant (ISIL) holds an Isil flag and a weapon on a street in the city of Mosul. Photo: REUTERS

6:58AM BST 04 Sep 2014

CommentsComments

SIR – After the second sickening act by the barbarians known as the Islamic State in Iraq and the Levant (Isil), what reason could David Cameron have for not supporting the United States and joining in the air strikes against these fanatics? The worrying conclusion is fear of reprisals. This spineless attitude shames us all.

Isil is not fighting for a homeland or a suppressed people. It is not fighting for noble reasons, or any form of religion that a sane person would recognise. Isil is fighting for a sick, perverted cause that is the enemy of Western civilisation.

Michael Ford
Bocking, Essex

SIR – Why do we play into the hands of the terrorists by giving them so much publicity in the news and the press?

Major John Cann
Devizes, Wiltshire

SIR – Could Tony Blair, winner of GQ Magazine’s “philanthropist of the year” award, and special envoy for the Middle East Quartet, be dispatched to Iraq to deploy his much-vaunted abilities there?

J H Baines
Heckington, Lincolnshire

‘Off-shored’ jobs

SIR – Sir Charlie Mayfield, writing in his capacity as chairman of the John Lewis Partnership (Letters, August 25), seeks more opportunities for the “middle-skilled”, whose traditional jobs “have been automated or off-shored”.

A good place to start would be within the John Lewis Partnership itself. This will be particularly evident before long when Christmas goods go on sale in stores – practically all of them commissioned from companies in the Far East.

D W Baker
Bristol

Cold dose of reality

SIR – Bryony Gordon thinks the ice bucket challenge is just a vanity project for celebrities and show-offs. It may seem like an annoying stunt to her, but it’s given those of us who have been affected by Motor Neurone Disease an extraordinary opportunity not only to raise funds for our relatively small charity, but also to promote greater awareness of this dreadful disease.

I’d like to say thank you to everyone who’s contributed to the ice bucket challenge. But you don’t have to get cold and wet to support us.

Janet McMillan
Chairman, Leicestershire and Rutland Branch MNDA
Walton on the Wolds, Leicestershire

A good opener

SIR – The customary greeting used for emailing nowadays is “Hi”. Occasionally, “Dear” is still used, but is increasingly regarded as too formal for all but official communications.

Can readers suggest alternatives that will satisfy silver surfers like me?

Rev John Campbell
Lenzie, Dunbartonshire

Without question

SIR – I was filling in a form at the Citizens Advice Bureau and on the middle of the second page, it asks: “Can you read English Y/N”.

Roy Goodall
Clacton-on-Sea, Essex

Social mobility

SIR – In discussing social mobility, it would be interesting to know what proportion of the parents of privately educated pupils were, themselves, privately educated.

Surely this is the real measure of social mobility, rather than a broad percentage figure of the number of privately educated people working in the top professions.

James Day
Emsworth, Hampshire

Weigh your words

SIR – Rev Martin Oram (Letters, August 30) has been misinformed by Post Office staff regarding stamps on letters to Europe.

He should do what I do: keep a stock of low-value stamps and purchase significant numbers of first- and second-class stamps. With the aid of digital scales, he could then make up practically any postal stamp value for home, European, rest of the world and parcel mail. This would virtually eliminate long waits in slow-moving queues, and, best of all, deprive counter staff of their customer-humiliating moments of glory.

Howard Buchanan
Isham, Northamptonshire

Dinner for one

SIR – Another weekend of papers full of delicious recipes, serving four or more people. In 2013 there were more than six million single-person households in Britain. Where are the recipes for all these people? I live alone, and it gets increasingly boring cooking for one.

Geoffrey Shaw
South Croydon, Surrey

Taste your tiger

SIR – My daughter-in-law gave me some tiger tomato seeds, which are now bearing much fruit in the greenhouse.

I asked her how I would know when the green and yellow striped fruits were ripe. Her response was: “Taste one and see”. I suggest Richard Waldron (Letters, September 3) should do likewise.

Duncan Rayner
Sunningdale, Berkshire

SIR – I have grown beautiful jet-black tomatoes this year. They need to be showing a tinge of red on the bottom of the fruit, and they ripen further when picked.

It is now a battle between the wildlife and me as to who gets to them first.

Hatti Cossart
Petersfield, West Sussex

All’s fair in love and Scrabble, but keep to the rules

SIR – I have risen to Andrew Baxter’s challenge (Letters, September 3), beating Zog Ziegler’s 30-point Scrabble score with 54 for my own name.

Elizabeth Festorazzi
Tonbridge, Kent

SIR – As there is only one Z per set of Scrabble letters, Zog Ziegler would not be able to score 10 for both his initials, unless he placed his first name horizontally, using the Z of his surname, already in a vertical position.

If the Z were on the triple-word square, it could score 30 at first, with Ziegler, and a further 10 when he re-used it, for Zog. In total, the score would be 70.

Fiona Wild
Cheltenham, Gloucestershire

SIR – I nearly choked on my muesli. Andrew Baxter obviously does not know the first rule of Scrabble – namely that proper nouns cannot be used in the game.

The X in his name is, literally, pointless.

Penny Buckley
Bournemouth, Dorset

SIR – There are many more commonplace names in which the letters add up to a higher Scrabble score than Zog Ziegler (30), or Andrew Baxter (25), including my own (32). But we would all have to defer to President Obama’s foreign policy adviser Zbigniew Brzezinski (57).

Christopher Booker
Litton, Somerset

SIR – The maximum number of tiles that can be laid in a Scrabble turn is seven. Zog Ziegler and Andrew Baxter could not score 30 or 25 points, respectively, with their names, as both are impossible to lay within the rules of the game.

Roger Gentry
Sutton-at-Hone, Kent

Space on a plane: a controlled impact test with dummies at Nasa’s Dryden Research Centre  Photo: Alamy

6:59AM BST 04 Sep 2014

CommentsComments

SIR – Long ago, Air France had a solution to the legroom problem. The seats, fitted in their Caravelles, were designed so that the bases would move forward as the back reclined.

Reclining actually gave the person behind slightly more leg room. Bring it back.

Alan Palmer
Kenilworth, Warwickshire

SIR – Airlines should learn from rail design. Reclining seats on trains do so within the space allotted to their ticket holders, without any effect on fellow passengers.

This is old science that airlines must surely have been aware of for at least the last three decades

In or out: Scotland will vote for or against independence in a referendum on September 18 Photo: PA

7:00AM BST 04 Sep 2014

CommentsComments

SIR – I am amazed that only a fraction over 50 per cent of votes cast, either for or against Scottish independence, is all that is needed to declare victory.

This might be all right with such humdrum matters as parliamentary elections, but it can hardly be appropriate for major constitutional and sovereignty matters such as this referendum.

Furthermore, as it is not compulsory for all registered voters to vote, the result could well be, for example, on a turn-out of as high as 85 per cent and a close poll of, say, 49 per cent against and 51 per cent for, that the Yes campaign would prevail with only 43.35 per cent of the actual electorate in favour. Who can possibly declare victory in that case?

On a smaller turn-out, of course, the result would be even less representative.

The usual way round this is to require a minimum majority in favour, of (say) 75 per cent. At least this would represent 50 per cent of the electorate on a turnout of as little as 67 per cent. And if neither party achieved the required majority of votes cast, the whole issue would quite rightly fail.

If the referendum vote is nearly equal, I think we can anticipate a good deal of discontent arising from what will be a thoroughly unrepresentative result.

Alastair McOran-Campbell
Bucklebury, Berkshire

SIR – Being a resident of one of the border counties of England, I may have a different perspective on just who it is that wants Scotland to cut itself free from the Union.

Last week I drove across these border counties to Edinburgh and returned by a different route. In over 300 miles I saw just one big “Yes” placard beside someone’s drive entrance and just one “No Thanks” placard somewhere else.

Apparently, the people of the borders are not yet greatly exercised about the issue. Is independence just an ideological obsession of the Holyrood politicos? I also reflect that Westminster seems uninvolved, there being no sign that it wants the Scots to stay in the union enough to offer them any strong incentive to do so.

Allan Steward
Levens, Westmorland

SIR – Citizens of other European countries who are living in Scotland will be entitled to vote in the referendum, but will keep their existing citizenship in the event of a victory for the Yes campaign.

Would people living in Scotland who were born in England also be entitled to keep their British citizenship if they so wished?

Sir Neville Trotter
Newcastle upon Tyne

SIR – If I were a Scot I would answer “Yes” to the question “For sentimental reasons would you like Scotland to be independent?” but “No” to the question “Do you want to break up the United Kingdom?”. Now is the time for realism.

Brian Foster
Shrivenham, Berkshire

Irish Times:

Sir – The response to Patsy McGarry’s report on the call of Dr Ali Selim (“Call for State schools to accommodate Islamic beliefs”, September 3rd) to accommodate Islamic beliefs in State schools has been marked with a shocking intolerance and absence of critical thought.

John Hogan (September 4th) writes that “our schools should be run on principles guided by reason”. It is clear that the reason he refers to is neither a neutral nor inclusive option but one designed to assimilate coercively others into a conception of education which would force some to behave contrary to the tenets of their religion. The substance of belief is reasonable whether or not we agree with it. Its practice, however, must be exercised in the balance of many interests.

Rather than ridicule the observations of Dr Selim, perhaps now is the time to engage with them. – Yours, etc,

GERARD

CILLIAN DOWNEY,

Institute for International

Integration Studies,

Trinity College Dublin,

Dublin 2.

Sir, – Having just got out of the grip of one theocracy, I suggest that the people of Ireland think hard before making fundamental changes to the educational system.

Here are a few of the likely outcomes. No cinemas (in case men and women mix). No theatres. Male singers only. No music, apart from drums. All eating establishments divided into “male only” and “family” areas, with the family areas screened from the general public (yes, that includes fast-food establishments), food courts in shopping malls closed to single men on “family nights”. No female drivers, all females in public to be in the company of their guardians (husband, elder brother, uncle, etc), females only to travel outside the country with written permission of their guardians. Restricted rights of inheritance to female relatives. A morals police to check that men and women in “family” areas are actually married. Identity papers for proof of marital status. No sex education in schools.

Need I say more? – Yours, etc,

PATRICK S BRADY,

Beechmount Court,

Newbridge, Co Kildare.

Sir, – Advocates of Islam should not be facilitated to effectively take over certain State (taxpayer-funded) schools, nor to impose their beliefs on existing private schools that operate through a Christian ethos (reflecting the fact that the vast majority of Irish people are, at least nominally, Christian).

We must bear in mind what has been happening in Birmingham in the United Kingdom, where hardline Islamic parents were allowed free rein over several state schools in the city. These Islamic groups hijacked the public schools in parts of Birmingham (making girls sit at the back of the class, etc), putting them on the road to becoming madrassas paid for by the British taxpayer. If such events could happen in Birmingham, they could happen in Dublin. – Yours, etc,

JOHN B REID,

Knapton Road,

Monkstown, Co Dublin.

Sir, – In some Muslim countries girls get shot for going to school; in others they must wear full face or body coverings; and in others, such as Turkey, I have seen schoolgirls wearing uniforms I would often see in Ireland. Many of the prohibitions are to do with the culture of the country people come from and how the Muslim faith is interpreted there. As these Muslims have chosen Ireland, and I welcome the diversity, could I suggest they take a leaf out of the book of others who settled here and become more Irish than the Irish themselves? – Yours, etc,

DAVID DOYLE,

Birchfield Park,

Goatstown,

Dublin 14.

A chara, – Perhaps Dr Selim should familiarise himself with the inclusive model of education practiced in many Catholic schools throughout the country where children of many religions and none work together in an ethos of equality and respect. He could adopt this model, however imperfect, pilot it in Muslim schools in Ireland and promote it in the many countries throughout the world where minority religions struggle to be recognised or included. – Is mise,

SEÁN Ó DÍOMASAIGH

Principal,

Sacred Heart

of Jesus Primary School,

Huntstown, Dublin 15.

A chara, – Dr Selim calls for sweeping changes to our educational system to accommodate his beliefs; and secularists at once respond by resurrecting their interminable call that religion should be driven from our schools altogether. Both are arguing for the same thing – that the rights of the majority should be disregarded in favour of a minority; and, ironically, both do so in the name of diversity. Of course, if either party were to achieve their goal the result would not be diversity but precisely the opposite – a bland homogeneity that seeks to eliminate the diverse strands within our society rather than celebrating them.

Our system as it is accommodates diversity by allowing those who wish to do so to set up schools that reflect their beliefs and values. It has, for example, allowed for those with no religious beliefs or less widely held faiths to set up schools according to their preferences. Being the majority faith is no reason for the equal right of Christians to have schools in line with their own ethos attacked or undermined. – Is mise,

Rev PATRICK G BURKE,

Castlecomer,

Co Kilkenny.

Sir, – I have read with interest your newspaper’s report on the call for State schools to accommodate Islamic beliefs. I’m just wondering, if a non-Islamic student turned up at an Islamic school, would a reciprocal arrangement apply? – Yours, etc,

TOMMY MURTAGH,

River Valley Avenue,

Swords,

Co Dublin.

Sir, – I look forward to hearing Dr Selim’s call for the teaching of the principles of all faiths, and those of secular humanism, in Islamic schools and states all over the world. – Yours, etc,

MAEVE HALPIN,

Ranelagh,

Dublin 6.

Sir, – Let Dr Selim and all other religious leaders inculcate their beliefs in whoever wants to believe them on their own time and at their own expense. – Yours, etc,

DON MULLINS,

Green Road,

Carlow.

Sir, – I agree with Dr Ali Selim. There is a religious imbalance in State schools, but the solution is not to introduce more religions, it is to remove religions and the influences of religious bodies from our education system entirely. – Yours, etc,

SE LYDON,

Wilton,

Cork.

Sir, – I cannot be the only person fascinated by the logic employed by those vociferously demanding a change in the law so that the “selling” of sex will be decriminalised while the “buying” will become a criminal offence. We are told with all the breezy confidence and bluster usually employed to ballast featherweight arguments that this change will decrease the number of men tempted to avail of prostitutes and therefore lead to a general decrease in the amount of women alleged to be trafficked into the jurisdiction to work as prostitutes.

Let’s just put aside the decidedly mixed empirical evidence from those (stunningly few) jurisdictions that have followed this course and look around for some comparative reference here.

For argument’s sake, and without taking any moral position on the rights or wrongs of commercial sex, if I was to put forward the notion that decriminalising the sale of, say, heroin, but retaining the tariff for its purchase was sound policy on the grounds that such a change would inevitably lead to a reduction in demand and, therefore, sequentially, a reduction in supply, I’d like to think that, at some stage, someone would gently point out that buying heroin is already a crime and it seems to have no impact whatsoever on the numbers of those in the business of selling it.

I’d like to think that my sceptic would go a little further and advance the utterly self-evident point that in the event of there being no penalty whatsoever for engaging in the practice of selling heroin that more, not fewer, people are likely to engage in such transactions.

Decriminalising the sale of something of which we disapprove, while criminalising its purchase, will not lead to a reduction in demand.

If we accept that there’s no real “supply-demand” logic to this proposal and that, if anything, it’s actually more likely to actually increase the number of prostitutes operating, then we must surrender to the nagging suspicion that there are other motives lurking behind the proffered one.

It’s genuinely difficult to avoid the conclusion that we have rather too many quangos and advocacy groups whose contributions in this area are marked by a conspicuous inclination to heap opprobrium – and penalties – on the men involved, while insisting that all the women involved, often despite their protestations and testimonies, are “victims”.

We are being unceremoniously hustled along toward the enactment of a logically incoherent, epically unfair and unworkable law.

We are entitled to test proposed laws against logic and the record in other comparable jurisdictions and we are entitled to have proper scrutiny of proposals for law that appear to be ideologically derived and driven.

Those strictures must apply as precisely to the promptings of gender studies departments and unverified – and unverifiable – privately commissioned “reports”.

I’m not sure that prostitution should be an indictable crime at all. But I’m absolutely certain that if it is going to be an indictable crime, then it should be for both parties involved or for neither. – Yours, etc,

CATHAL MacCARTHY,

O’Connell Avenue,

Limerick.

Sir, – Ray Murphy (“Ireland should maintain its peacekeeping force on Golan Heights”, Opinion & Analysis, September 2nd”) argues that Ireland should not withdraw from the UN Disengagement Observer Force (Undof) mission in Syria. I strongly disagree.

The Undof mission is not realistic given the changed situation in the area. The role was to monitor a demarcation line between two states that, though technically in a continued state of war, had accepted a ceasefire, a line of demarcation and monitoring of activities outlined in the ceasefire agreement. Note the word monitoring, which is not the same as enforcing. Islamic State, Al-Nusra and other armed groups have not consented to and seem to actively oppose this monitoring mission, as evidenced by their harassment and prisoner-taking, thus the mission should be abandoned until the situation again allows for monitoring of an agreed ceasefire and line of demarcation.

That the Syrians somehow prevented the deployment of desired improvised explosive device (IED) protection and detection equipment is absolutely unacceptable. That alone is a basis for abandoning the mission.We should not wait for the UN to make this call. Protect the lives of the Defence Forces personnel who are deployed. – Yours, etc,

BRENDAN MULLEN,

Hawthorn Street,

Westwood, Massachusetts.

Sir, – One of the privileges of my long ministry has been to visit several Irish battalions serving in the Lebanon. I was struck, not only by the warmth of their welcome to a wandering bishop, but also by their skill, professionalism and ability to relate to the communities where they were serving.

I have mentioned that they were wonderful ambassadors for Ireland and I rejoice to see that this standard is maintained to this very day.

The skill, professionalism and courage displayed by their service in the Golan Heights should fill us all with pride and admiration. May God keep them safe in this volatile situation. – Yours, etc,

WALTON EMPEY

Former Archbishop

of Dublin,

Rathmore,

Tullow, Co Carlow.

Sir, – Coming at the end of National Heritage Week, Frank McDonald’s article (“Appeal to State to keep Bantry House rare works from sale”, September 3rd) on the importance of Bantry House, and the looming sale and dispersal of its wonderful contents, serves as a timely warning of what is at stake if we fail to invest in an adequate and ongoing basis in what is a core element of all our lives, namely our national and cultural heritage.

It also takes me back 20 years, when the Heritage Council mounted a campaign to save similar collections and property at Headfort House in Meath. That campaign resulted in the government of the day setting up the Heritage Fund Act to save us as a nation scrabbling about for funds when these crisis situations arise. Regrettably, that fund has not been used since 2008.

The Heritage Council has also sought to help the owners of Bantry House, and between 2000 and 2010 we managed to invest a total of €210,000 to support this vital national heritage venue and its contents. Our capacity to offer continued support ceased in recent years when the Heritage Council suffered totally disproportionate cuts in funding from government.

That wrong now needs urgent correction, and the welcome recovery in the country’s economic fortunes is an opportunity for the current Government and other stakeholders to support our natural and cultural heritage resources in a more tangible way. This is not merely a matter of aesthetics, or preserving our past. It also makes sound economic sense, with cultural and heritage tourism now a vital revenue earner for this country.

We will be emphasising just that point in dialogue with Minister for Arts, Heritage and the Gaeltacht Heather Humphries in the weeks and months to come, and supporting her in her efforts to secure greater funding for her department. It is time once again to invest on a regular basis in all aspects of our natural and cultural heritage.

The returns to us all are immense. – Yours, etc,

MICHAEL STARRETT,

Chief Executive,

The Heritage Council,

Áras na hOidhreachta,

Church Lane,

Kilkenny.

Sir, – The controversy surrounding the jailing of Monica O’Connor has nothing to do with the merits or demerits of home schooling (“Home schooling mother jailed and released for not paying fine”, September 3rd). It is about the duty of the State to regulate the services provided to its citizens, and the duty of its citizens to comply with such regulation.

In every area of public service by the State there are calls for regular and thorough systems of regulation – in our hospitals, our prisons, the services provided by An Garda Síochána, and in our education and examination system. Far from being unsupportive to families who choose to home-school their children, the State supports such choice but insists on its regulation, on a regular, not a one-off basis.

Ms O’Connor, in refusing to submit to such regulation, has done no service to families who share her choice of education system. – Yours, etc,

SUSAN FitzGERALD,

Newtown Avenue,

Blackrock,

Co Dublin.

Sir, – Tom Cooper (September 4th) states that the call sign “2RN” was allocated to the fledgling Irish radio station by London “phonetically reproducing the last words of the song Come Back to Éireann”.  

However sentimentally attractive this may be, it is a popular misconception. The Irish authorities had requested “2DN’” but this had already been allocated to Durban. London chose “2RN” unilaterally and with no phonetic intentions. – Yours, etc,

RICHARD PINE,

Perithia,

Corfu,

Greece.

Sir, – As I scout the property market for a house to buy (a two-bedroomed dwelling within 100km of Dublin), I frequently encounter the phenomenon of the house that is advertised for sale, but which is not actually for sale, whether due to being “under offer”, “sale agreed” or the vendor refusing to allow a viewing, but which is still visible on property websites.

Given that just about every other e-commerce website can drop from their offerings those unique goods that have been sold, what exactly is the difficulty for estate agents in automatically including metadata, updated on a daily basis, indicating the real availability of property for sale? – Yours, etc,

EWAN DUFFY,

Woodview,

Castletown,

Celbridge, Co Kildare.

Sir, – It should not be that problematic to adopt American spellings (September 3rd). A significant proportion of the population under the age of 21 appears to have an accent to match already. – Yours, etc,

ULTAN Ó BROIN,

South Circular Road,

Dublin 8.

Irish Independent:

I cannot be the only person fascinated by the logic employed by those vociferously demanding a change in the law, so that the ‘selling’ of sex will be decriminalised while the ‘buying’ will become a criminal offence.

We are told – with all the breezy confidence and bluster usually employed to ballast featherweight arguments – that this change will decrease the amount of men tempted to avail of prostitutes, and therefore lead to a general decrease in the amount of women alleged to be trafficked into the jurisdiction to work as prostitutes.

Let’s just put aside the decidedly mixed empirical evidence from those (stunningly few) jurisdictions that have followed this course and look around for some comparative reference here.

For argument’s sake – and without taking any moral position on the rights or wrongs of commercial sex – I could propose decriminalising the sale of, say, heroin, but retaining the tariff for its purchase as sound policy on the grounds that such a change would inevitably lead to a reduction in demand and, therefore, sequentially, a reduction in supply. However, I’d like to think that, at some stage, someone would gently point out that buying heroin is already a crime and it seems to have no impact whatsoever on the numbers of those in the business of selling it.

I’d like to think that my sceptic would go a little further and advance the utterly self-evident point that in the event of there being no penalty whatsoever for engaging in the practice of selling heroin that more, not less, people would be likely to engage in such transactions. Decriminalising the sale of something of which we disapprove while criminalising its purchase will not lead to a reduction in demand for that commodity.

Any drop in demand through fear of prosecution will be more than offset by the entry into the market of new sellers – now confident in their ability to sell without prosecution – who will put more of the commodity on the market and lower the price till the supply-demand equilibrium resumes. We are entitled to test proposed laws against logic and the record in other comparable jurisdictions and we are entitled to have proper scrutiny of proposals for law that appear to be ideologically-derived and driven.

Cathal MacCarthy, Limerick city

IDF acts to save lives in Gaza

In his/her unattributed letter criticising America’s continuing support of Israel (September 4), your correspondent clearly subscribes to the prevailing orthodoxy which depicts the Israeli Defence Forces (IDF) as an indiscriminate harbinger of doom that conducted a mass slaughter of “over 2,100 people in Gaza, many of them children”.

The fact that more than 2,000 people died is indisputably a tragedy. And there is no doubt that Gaza is in ruins. However, to claim that it is a consequence of an uncaring political system which arbitrarily launched an indiscriminate bombing offensive is a distortion of the facts.

Commenting on the recent tragedy in Gaza, Colonel Richard Kemp, the former commander of British forces in Afghanistan, called the IDF the most “moral army in the world”. His analysis of the recent conflict concluded that “no other army in the world has ever done more than Israel is doing now to save the lives of innocent civilians in a combat zone”.

Before reaching this conclusion, Mr Kemp drew an analogy between the tactics of the Taliban, who used “young children to attack his troops”, and the tactics of Hamas, which forced young children in Gaza into becoming unwitting front-line combatants, and therefore casualties, by forcing them to stay in IDF-designated targets up to 12 hours before they were bombed.

Dr Kevin McCarthy, Kinsale, Co Cork

Tusla must be reined in

I’m afraid Ms White is right and wrong. The Supreme Court ruled that the right to home education is also a duty. Parents failing in the duty forfeit the right. The duty is the “minimum education” set out in the Supreme Court ruling DPP v Best (1998). Where she is right, in my view, is in thinking that the guidelines should provide a good framework for balancing the parents’ right to home educate against the child’s right to a “minimum education”. However, the National Education Welfare Board that produced these guidelines has been replaced by a faceless organisation of social workers.,

The Government’s mind on these issues is clear to see when the Minister for Education and Skills washes her hands of home education. And, if you read the Education (Welfare) Act more closely, the education of children in private schools. I doubt that Eddie and Monica can win a legal battle, since the legal battle was lost in 1998.

But I hope they can win the political war, and I wish them every success in this fight. Home educators throughout Ireland – myself included – need something to rein in the new Tusla agency foisted on us last year.

Simon Richardson, Address with editor

What’s coming down the track?

Thankfully on this occasion, that light at the end of the tunnel is, in fact, a train

Tom Gilsenan, Beaumont D9

Give first-time buyers a break

To avert another boom/bust in the housing market perhaps the government could reduce sales tax on principal residences, and increase sales tax on non-principal residences? Thus, also giving first-time buyers a chance…

A Ryan, Dublin

Pornography and morality

Is Colette Browne for real in her opinion piece in your paper on Wednesday (‘Anyone Who Looks At Stolen Nude Images Is Guilty’)? We live in a world full of celebrity and over-sexualisation. Any child of either sex can turn on MTV and be exposed to pop videos that my generation would have considered pornography.

And comparing any teenage boy or even adult male who looks at a picture of a naked famous woman with a “cretin” who secretly films up women’s skirts in public places is just preposterous.

Is there a difference between looking at an anonymous stranger in ‘Playboy’ and a famous celebrity who has been paid a fortune to appear nude in ‘Playboy’?

The fact that Playboy boss Hugh Hefner is willing to pay them a fortune proves the answer is yes. I personally think pornography is a dangerous thing and over-exposure to it can harm a person socially and sexually, but let us not lock up every young boy or man in the pervert ward just because they might have masturbated over the naked pictures of a beautiful woman.

Which brings me to my final point: Ms Browne failed to mention the fact that some of the pictures that were stolen and published were of male celebrities – or does Ms Browne assume that men long to be objectified in this way and therefor in a man’s case it is okay?

Darren Williams, Dublin 18

Mayo v Kerry a thrilling treat

I am replying to the letter that was printed in your newspaper in reference to ‘Puke Football’.

It’s an over simplification to describe the match as ‘puke football’ with the players pulling and dragging at each other. The players showed a passion for the game, a pride in their jersey and a strong desire to win.

It may have got overheated at times but, as a neutral viewer, I found the game exciting and thrilling.

Grace Harding, Ballymote, Co Sligo

Irish Independent


Peter Rice

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6 September 2014 Peter Rice

I jog around the park I still have arthritis in my left knee, but I manage to get round the park. A warmish day. Peter Rice coms fixes drain book shelves and wine racks. I collect my prescription

Mary’s back not much better today, pork chop for tea and her back pain is still there.

Obituary:

Tony Hickson – obituary

Tony Hickson was a food industry entrepreneur who was born in a workhouse and became known as the ‘King of Pickles’

Tony Hickson, the 'King of Pickles'

Tony Hickson, the ‘King of Pickles’ Photo: CHRIS DAVEY/KENTISH GAZETTE

5:18PM BST 05 Sep 2014

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Tony Hickson, who has died aged 87, made his name as the “King of Pickles” in the food industry, after setting up his own company, Humber Pickles, in the 1950s; in the 1970s with the “Beetroot King” Jack Lowe, he was involved in a “reverse takeover” of the debt-ridden Hazlewood Foods, which they led through a period of rapid growth.

But, as he confessed in his memoir The Musical Pickle Man’s Tail, Hickson’s flair for business was accompanied by bouts of mental instability and difficulties in personal relationships which caused the breakdown of two marriages and the near collapse of the third, periods in psychiatric care and one suicide attempt.

By his own account Tony Hickson was conceived “across a pile of pickling onions” in May 1926 at a Hull pickling factory when the factory boss, Sydney Warden, took advantage of Tony’s mother, Olive Hickson, a 15-year-old worker at the plant. Expelled from the family home for conceiving her child out of wedlock, she gave birth on February 16 1927 in the West Hull workhouse.

Tony was transferred to the care of his maternal grandmother and step-grandfather, a casual dockworker, and it was only when he was about 10 that he discovered that the woman he thought of as his sister was, in fact, his mother. His father, meanwhile, had lived for some years in Denmark managing a pickle works for Crosse & Blackwell before returning to Hull where, after the war, he set up his own onion pickling business in a run-down area of the city.

After leaving school, Tony Hickson volunteered for service in Bomber Command and trained as a flight mechanic, but was discharged from the service after an incident when, in his sleep, he nearly throttled a fellow serviceman sleeping in the next door bed, while dreaming that he had found his girlfriend with another man.

After the war he joined his father in the pickling business and helped him to expand and diversify into products such as piccalilli and sandwich spread. He was furious when his father sold the business without telling him (he recalled that when his father died his widow had tried to persuade Tony to sign a document “for and on behalf of an unknown number of illegitimate half-brothers and half-sisters, the children of Sydney Warden Esquire” under which he undertook to make no claim on his estate).

Although Hickson agreed to stay on as manager, the new owner made his life impossible, and the business soon failed. In 1950 he set up his own business, Humber Foods, which, over the next 20 years, he developed into the largest privately-owned pickle company in the country.

As chairman of the pickles and sauces section of the Food and Drink Federation, Hickson became involved in negotiations with Brussels after Britain’s entry into the EEC, although he found it tragic that so much time was wasted deciding “what size and colour a pickled gherkin should be or how much spice should be in a jar of red cabbage”. He was particularly irritated by the imposition of “sell-by” dates on pickles which improve the longer they are kept.

The reverse takeover of Hazlewood Foods in 1977 allowed Hickson to trade as a PLC under the Hazlewood name and the company expanded rapidly through a series of takeovers. By the mid-1980s it had become a highly-rated “glamour stock” and was considering making a bid for Northern Foods. Following disagreements with fellow board members, however, Hickson took early retirement in 1986 . Later he began his own business consultancy.

From his school days Hickson had been passionate about classical music, and from the 1970s he served as a member of the board, and later chairman and president, of the Hull Philharmonic Orchestra. He sponsored stars such as Paul Tortellier and Segovia to play with the orchestra, and in the late 1980s came to its rescue during a time of financial crisis.

Throughout his life, however, Hickson (who at various times sported a waxed moustache à la Hercule Poirot) had suffered from mood swings and severe bouts of mental instability, which he blamed, in part, on the concussion he had suffered as a result of a sporting accident at school (in later life he was diagnosed with temporal lobe epilepsy).

One manifestation of his disturbed state was his inability to remain faithful to one woman. Having, as he put it, “ruined two marriages and left everyone devastated”, he married, thirdly, in 1960, Audrey Zweierzchowska. That marriage, too, nearly came unstuck in the late 1980s when he began an affair with the concert pianist Annette Servadei. After a long period of blowing hot and cold, during which Audrey initiated divorce proceedings , he managed to patch up his marriage before Audrey succumbed to cancer in 2003.

Tony Hickson’s closest relationships were with his dogs, and in later life, after moving to Kent, he became a familiar figure in the streets of Canterbury, riding a mobility scooter with his Great Dane, Daisy, running alongside.

With his second wife, Jean, Hickson had two daughters; with his third wife, Audrey, he had a son and a stepdaughter.

Tony Hickson, born February 16 1927, died July 21 2014

Guardian:

Marcus Butt Illustration by Marcus Butt

The introduction of a food crime unit, recommended by Professor Chris Elliott in his report, is to be welcomed (Food scandals: protection money, Editorial, 5 September), as is the government’s new found commitment to fighting food crime. Hopefully the government’s aim to shrink the state and encourage self-regulation will not cause the new FCU to flounder. Our recent research demonstrates that food crime in the meat sector is serious and organised, but the supply-chain dynamics mean that the organisers are those who have legitimate access to the markets in order to place adulterated products. These offenders do not conform to our usual stereotypes of organised criminals, as many have a legitimate role in the supply chain/marketplace.

It is not until we have a much more sophisticated understanding of the dynamics of food adulteration and contamination and market/supply chain dynamics that it will be possible to ensure food safety. This can only be enhanced by an FCU that has both investigative teeth and powers of prosecution, otherwise it will go the same way as many specific crime-focused agencies have in the past; as a an extension to the “empire” of whatever the national agency is that is responsible for tackling organised crime.
Jon Spencer Senior lecturer in criminal justice, Centre for Criminology and Criminal Justice, School of Law, University of Manchester, Professor Roy Goodacre Professor of biological chemistry, School of Chemistry and Manchester Institute of Biotechnology, University of Manchester, Dr David Ellis Senior experimental officer, School of Chemistry and Manchester Institute of Biotechnology, University of Manchester

• The battle to offer lower prices to shoppers is incentivising sharp practices in the food industry, and the key recommendation of an independent inquiry is for a new food crime unit “to fight criminals cashing in on supermarkets’ determination to minimise the prices they pay to suppliers” (Growing threat of new food scandal, 5 September). No mention of the disastrous race to the bottom in the food and farming sector caused by the consumerist fantasy of ever-reducing food prices. It almost makes you nostalgic for New Labour. Tough on crime, and tough on the causes of crime.
Chris Smaje
Frome, Somerset

• The horsemeat scandal is finally moving towards some kind of finishing line with the publication of the Elliott report. There are signs that the government will take up its main recommendations, which is welcome. There is also hope that adequately resourced initiatives might go some way to restoring some public confidence in our food supply. But strengthening the systems against food adulteration fails to address an underlying problem – even perhaps an indirect cause – of the scandal: the progressive alienation of shoppers from food producers. Our food shopping is increasingly devoid of human contact. We don’t encounter the people who produce the food we eat. We rely on brands and labels. The supply chain is opaque. To engage shoppers we really need to promote local food bought from markets, farm shops and independent outlets, which come mostly from short and simple supply chains. The human connection between shoppers, shopkeepers and producers builds trust in the product, while feedback and human relationships support quality, as well as a better understanding of where and how food is produced.

Professor Elliott rightly recognises the “enormous importance” of shorter supply chains and the sourcing of locally produced foods. There is, therefore, no better time for all political parties to promote the diversification of food retail and shorten and simplify food supply to deliver the deeper changes that are needed.
Graeme Willis
Senior rural policy campaigner, Campaign to Protect Rural England

• The government’s plans for a food crime unit and new laboratories to combat future food scares is merely papering over the cracks of a broken system. The reforms seek only to catch abuse in our supply chains once the damage has been done and there are still no controls in place to ensure supply chain managers are professional, licensed and competent.

When we surveyed supply chain professionals earlier this year, 51% said the horsemeat scandal has not led to supply chain risk being taken more seriously and only 21% of supply chain professionals could guarantee there was no malpractice in their supply chains. We must empower supply chain managers within their own organisations if we are to make real progress.

We already ask our members to self-regulate as we call for a licence for procurement and supply management professionals. Without it, we are going to see a re-run of supply chain mismanagement with devastating consequences.
David Noble
Group CEO, Chartered Institute of Purchasing and Supply

Appeal to save Wedgwood Collection ‘The loss of this important research collection would therefore have a devastating impact not just on the artistic heritage of Britain, but also on period research in the humanities internationally.’ Photograph: Rui Vieira/PA

The council of the Society for Post-Medieval Archaeology, Europe’s leading international society for the archaeological study of the post-medieval period, is writing to voice its strong support for the Art Fund’s Save the Wedgwood Collection fundraising appeal, as recently highlighted in your newspaper (Report, 2 September). While there is likely to be broad appreciation for the collection’s artistic importance, its international importance to post-medieval archaeology may be less well known. Among post-medieval archaeology’s core areas of interest are the study of such topics as artefacts of the post-1500 modern world, globalisation and the spread of capitalism, and the industrial revolution. The Wedgwood collection is a priceless research resource for all of these issues. Wherever post-medieval archaeologists work on sites dating to the later 18th and 19th centuries – whether in Great Britain, Ireland, and Europe, or further afield in North America, South America, Africa, Australasia, or even the desert oases of the Persian Gulf – one of the most common and important artefact types we recover are the British ceramic types pioneered, produced, and inspired by Josiah Wedgwood and his successors.

The loss of this important research collection would therefore have a devastating impact not just on the artistic heritage of Britain, but also on period research in the humanities internationally. In keeping with our goal of supporting relevant research, the SPMA has made a modest donation to the campaign in the welcome knowledge that the first £500,000 of donations will be matched. Individual council members have also made donations, and we hope that your readers will likewise lend their support to this important cause.
Dr David Caldwell President,
Nick Brannon Vice-president
Dr Alasdair Brooks Independent Researcher, Dubai
Stuart Campbell National Museums Scotland
Dr Vicky Crewe University of Cardiff
Emma Dwyer University of Leicester
Dr Kate Giles University of York
Prof Audrey Horning FSA Queen’s University, Belfast
Nigel Jeffries Museum of London Archaeology
Brian Kerr FSA, FSA Scot English Heritage
Dr Chris King University of Nottingham
Dr Laura McAtackney University College, Dublin
Kerry Massheder-Rigby University of Liverpool
Dr Sarah May Heritage for Transformation
Dr Natascha Mehler University of Vienna
Dr Hilary Orange University College London
Jacqui Pearce FSA Museum of London Archaeology
Dr Beverly Straube Jamestown Rediscovery, Virginia
Dr Hugh Willmott FSA University of Sheffield
SPMA council members

A Proms concert in progress at the Royal Albert Hall A Proms concert in progress at the Royal Albert Hall. Photograph: BBC

A spokeswoman for the mighty BBC tells Charlotte Higgins (Composers condemn ‘patronising’ BBC, 3 September) that the BBC Proms’ producers “have to bear in mind the audience” when choosing which Prom concerts to televise; and that “newer works are often less familiar”. Is someone paid good wages to write that sort of guff?

Serious questions about the programming of uncompromising “contemporary” music (often referred to by orchestral musicians as “squeaky gate music”) require more thoughtful evasion than this spokeswoman is capable of. Who decided, for example, that John Wilson’s Proms performance of Cole Porter’s Kiss Me Kate should warrant only two short clips in Katie Derham’s television show? Not “familiar” enough for broadcast? And did nobody notice that living composer Roxanna Panufnik had created a most astonishingly topical, and accessible, composition that absorbed Christian, Jewish and Islamic musical traditions, to tell the story of Abraham and Isaac? Her Three Paths to Peace would have made an even more powerful comment if it had been broadcast after the evening news from Gaza. But it wasn’t.
Tony Staveacre
Blagdon, Somerset

• What a pathetic response by “a BBC spokeswoman” to criticism about the lack of contemporary music televised from the Proms. It can be dangerous to presume everything done in the past was better but one thing I know is that when I worked at the BBC we believed a vital part of our role was to encourage the audience to view, experience and appreciate works they might never otherwise have come across, in all art forms. If we had gone by the BBC’s current philosophy, then some of the most memorable arts programmes, now regarded as classics, would never have been made.
Diana Lashmore
Former executive producer, Music and Arts, BBC TV, London

• The problem is that it’s virtually impossible to write interesting new music for an ensemble combining conventional instrumentation that has scarcely changed in 250 years, and whose players have rigidly defined roles and playing styles – particularly since it already has a rich repertoire of undisputed masterpieces, and players who are so remarkably adept at performing it. It is not enough to write music that is merely “approachable” or “accessible”: composers need to write with a passion to express and communicate their ideas, and that means working with musicians who share that passion and can contribute creatively to its expression. The standard European symphony orchestra – whatever its undoubted glories – is not the ideal vehicle for this!

Britain’s demographic is changing. This means not only a wider and more diverse audience, but an ever-expanding range of other musical styles, instruments and above all musicians to draw on – thus opening up opportunities hitherto unimaginable for contemporary composers. Music which is exciting, original and properly expresses the spirit of Britain today may even also tickle the ears of broadcasters – and TV Proms transmissions are not the only outlet.
Tony Haynes
Grand Union Orchestra, London

Steve Rose (Strike force, G2, 5 September) apparently hasn’t noticed the difference between an Ealing comedy and the much sharper Boulting brothers comedies like I’m All Right Jack, which rather damages his credibility writing about British films. As for American films, it was good of Ken Loach to make the only film about union struggles in the US, as though the seminal Salt of the Earth and later films such as Matewan and Harlan County USA had never been made. Given the preference for continental Europe in Guardian film criticism, I’m rather surprised Rose hasn’t heard of Bo Widerberg’s Joe Hill – after all, it’s Swedish, even though its hero became an American union leader. And it’s rather sad that the article continues the cold-shouldering of The Happy Lands, last year’s British film about Scottish miners in the general strike.
John Wilson
London

1-On-1 Yoga Class at Shreyas Retreat,  Bangalore, Karnataka, India, Asia ‘If the original meaning of feisty refers to excessive flatulence, then it’s not an inappropriate term to describe people. Just attend a yoga class to discover why,’ writes Sue Johnson. Photograph: Robert Harding Picture Library/Alamy

After all the commemorations of the centenary of the first world war, I am astonished that the 75th anniversary of the outbreak of the second world war on 3 September has merited not a mention in the national media. My father’s generation included many who inclined to pacifism but volunteered for a just war, to defeat fascism. He survived but many of his comrades didn’t, nor did millions of noncombatants in many countries. We should honour them.
Dr Jane Darke
Oxford

• While not belittling Warrior’s record in the first world war (Medal for war horse, 3 September), it should be pointed out that as he was an officer’s horse he was brought back home and lived to a ripe old age in comfortable conditions. Hundreds of other horses that served equally bravely were sold on, in France and other theatres of war, to suffer uncertain fates. One of the results of this was the foundation of The Brooke, the charity which today supports working equines in the Middle East and the Indian subcontinent.
Alison Harris
Harrogate, North Yorkshire

• I use my whisky tin to keep knitting needles tidy. Please take note Brooks Newmark (Letters, 5 September).
Susan Tibbits
Bromsgrove, Worcestershire

• If the original meaning of feisty refers to excessive flatulence, then it’s not an inappropriate term to describe people (Letters, 5 September). Just attend a yoga class to discover why.
Sue Johnson
Worcester

• Thanks Kathy Lette for a reminder of the genius of Spike Milligan (Comment, 4 September) and the new memorial. There is already a permanent memorial to Spike: his grave at St Thomas’s Church in Winchelsea, East Sussex, with the legendary “I told you I was ill” inscription. A lovely, peaceful sight in perfect country church grounds.
Ted Heath
Birmingham

• Thank you, Guardian, for a front-page photo two days in a row to make us smile over our morning coffee (Ebola nurse out of hospital, 3 September, and Goon but not forgotten, 4 September).
Sue and Robin Hoar
Teddington, Middlesex

Sandy Wilson, right, outside the theatre showing The Boy Friend, with the show’s producer Vida Hope. Photograph: Grey Villet/LIFE/Getty

Watching The Boy Friend by Sandy Wilson countless times as a young man never failed to fill me with delight and a longing for an age I had never known; it influenced a lot of my work with the band the Temperance Seven.

Wilson made life a little richer in those dark early 50s. Sitting in the gods, in my duffel coat and open-toed, existentialist sandals, a struggling art student, all I knew was that the music filled me with a happiness that had me humming on the bus all the way home to my miserable bedsit in Earl’s Court; the bright, witty, gently jazzy music ran through my head as I painted into the night. A happy meeting with a few fellow student musicians who shared my nostalgia resulted in the Temperance Seven. I like to think Wilson would have enjoyed our music as much as I delighted in his.

Independent:

Bullies enjoy what they do – it gives them a sense of power and invulnerability if they are not caught and punished.

The worst thing you can tell a victim of bullying is “Ignore them and they’ll go away”. They won’t. They will just see how much further they have to go to get a reaction. Any attempt to stop their fun by anyone not in a position of unassailable power over them will be aggressively rejected.

Read more: The truth about bullying

As P G Wodehouse noted, “bullies are very rarely cowards”. And they don’t call it bullying. It is only “making fun of”, “teasing”, “banter” or (if you are a cricketer) “sledging”. It is, in fact child abuse, even when conducted by children, so let’s call it that.

Each school has a duty of care towards its pupils (and staff). Not challenging abuse – and in the case in your article “Cruel days” (4 September) it is child abuse accepted by adults who are in loco parentis – is a clear breach of this duty of care. Giving a child the impossible problem of gaining acceptance after a year of abuse, without help, guidance or support, or any intention of punishing the abusers, is yet more abuse

What to do? Tell the victim that “There is life after school – it does not last forever.” Ask whether your child looks good in their clothes and haircut; children judge each other a lot by appearances. Look at physical fitness. Good posture and muscles will make your child a lot less like a victim. If there is a sports centre or gym where they can get fit, take them.

Keep a diary of every humiliation and every failure by staff to take appropriate action. Don’t let the school think it can get away with ignoring the problem. Ask for its policy on dealing with bullies – but mention that it is child abuse. Contact the governors, and regularly send them copies of the diary, asking for their advice on what to do.

And remember that abusers are experts at not getting caught. But if they are not dealt with, some of today’s “bullies” will be tomorrow’s Jimmy Saviles and Cyril Smiths.

Peter Slessenger, Reading

The most depressing thing about the article “Cruel days” is that the parent trying to resolve a bullying issue actually made matters worse, because of the apathy (cowardice) and disregard of the people in senior positions who should have dealt with the situation, but actually turned things against the bullied. A bit like blaming a rape victim for being sexually provocative.

Regrettably, bullying continues past schooldays into work, where it is rife in so many different areas. Workplace bullying is rarely, if ever, physical, but is usually the result of a misuse of power, invariably to cover up deficiencies, and is emotional, verbal, electronic and goodness knows what else, all officially defined as “harassment”.

I work in construction where bullying has become almost endemic in recent years. I always stand up to bullies but have usually found the same attitude that distressed me reading this article – not only do people turn a blind eye, they often actively encourage such disgraceful behaviour.

This comes from both employers (not wishing to “make a fuss”) and clients/principal contractors, who are usually part of the problem. Luckily, my current employers are  very good in this regard.

A reduction in trade unions and professional bodies which actually care about these issues has contributed to the problem.

We need to see more trade bodies and professional institutions starting to tackle this issue properly, with proper debate, and if not punishment, then at least the naming and shaming of the protagonists, and, most importantly, offering support to victims.

This is an issue that has a detrimental effect on the wellbeing of a huge number of people, and it is about time we dragged ourselves into the 21st century and dealt with it.

Phil McLaughlin, London Colney, Hertfordshire

Can the Scots afford their own currency?

The way that the Union was set up, the Westminster Parliament extended its authority across Scotland, and the Scottish Parliament adjourned itself. The national debt therefore is Westminster’s problem. Has the SNP administration at Holyrood the mandate to lumber an independent Scotland with the proposed 10 per cent of the debt to keep sterling?

In order to borrow money to pay public-sector workers, from the start an independent Scotland would need a Scots pound. If an independent Scotland kept the British pound, there could be no public-sector borrowing, only a balanced budget. Nearly all modern states are run by borrowing to pay for public services. Scotland would need to do this, with a welfare state.

Any new Scots pound floated on the international currency markets will devalue to about 77p, if Ireland’s experience in  1979 is anything to go by, thereby cutting the spending power of all public-sector wages, pensions and benefits.

Everything in the shops would increase in price by 40 per cent in one jump if an independent Scotland had its own currency. Unfortunately, an independent Scotland would need one to function. But do the Scots want a pay cut?

Nigel F Boddy, Darlington, Co Durham

The Yes/No debate for Scottish independence is gathering momentum, with the question of what currency Scotland will use in the forefront.

Lloyds Bank and other financial institutions threaten to move to London should the Scots vote Yes: a move that would benefit the Scots rather than harm them – they should be cheering them on their way.

Currency and monetary manipulation is a lever of control of the ruling elite. The last thing in the world an independent Scotland should consider is keeping either the British pound or the euro.

Both are under the control of central banks run for the benefit of the bankers and their owners.

As Mayer Amschel Rothschild said in 1790: “Let me issue and control a nation’s money and I care not who writes the laws.” A truly independent Scotland must control its own money to be worthy of the description “independent”; anything less is merely cosmetic change with no substance.

The choice is clear: rule by the ruling elite and the banks, or real independence through Scotland controlling its own money.

Clive Menzies, London N13

No second-class PM – on stamps

The problem with Colin Burke’s suggestion (letter, 5 September), that the Yes campaign in Scotland should just send out a blank postcard to voters with a Margaret Thatcher stamp on it, is that the Royal Mail does not issue its prime minister stamps until 14 October.

But it is of interest that the four post-war prime ministers to be depicted (Attlee, Churchill, Wilson and Thatcher) are all on first-class stamps. Presumably they thought it would be too controversial to make any of the prime ministers second-class.

David Lammin, Boxford, Suffolk

boris won’t take  no for an answer

So with the Thames Estuary airport as it was with the water cannon: Boris Johnson seems incapable of being told No. Well, incapable of understanding and accepting it, at least.

His self-belief is unquestionable – quite literally, it seems – as illustrated by his apparent refusal to take advice or instruction from those he is supposed to work alongside, those who “advise” him or those whom he is supposed to represent.

Now that he has become bored with the city he was given to play with, it only remains to be seen whether the public will be foolish enough to risk electing him to go lord it in the Commons.

Julian Self, Milton Keynes

United Nations is our only hope

Your front page (4 September) issued a challenge to President Obama as “the leader of the free world” – but that is the kind of thinking that perpetuates the problem.

So long as we continue to look to the “great powers” to sort out all the problems in the world, we will only store up more trouble. We cannot determine what is best for others. If we seriously believe that democracy is the best way to resolve political issues, we need to start acting as if we believed it. It is not up to America, Russia or anyone else to decide how the world should be. We need a forum where all parties, all countries, can freely debate and decide on the best course of action.

That is the true function of the UN, a key institution which has been shamefully sidelined and ignored in recent years. How can we expect anyone else to take notice of international law if we blatantly ignore it?

Simon Prentis, Cheltenham

too many cook’s pictures… The Independent has joined the trend (worst offender being the Radio Times) of littering the pages with pictures of Mary Berry.

I can’t help feeling that this unnatural adulation is a case of over-egging the pudding.

Nick Pritchard, Southampton

Times:

The poor reputation of care homes may well be undeserved, though more could be done

Sir, I have visited many care homes over the years and I have almost always been impressed by the patience, tolerance and compassion of the staff caring for residents, some of whom can be very difficult at times and others, occasionally, frankly aggressive (“Old people turn to ‘lonely’ care homes only as final resort”, Sept 3).

Any case of abuse is, of course, inexcusable and 7,654 cases reported over a year is dreadful. That said, with 450,000 people in care homes at present, this means that 1.7 per cent of that population has reported abuse. Even if one adds an element for unreported abuse, it seems clear that the great majority are not abused, so the poor reputation of care homes may be undeserved.

The challenge is how to work out which homes will provide high-quality care for a relative who may now be completely unmanageable at home with severe dementia or double incontinence.

Some of us have been arguing for years that there should be an annual survey of care home residents — and/or their relatives — measuring their experience of care and their quality of life. I believe that this would generally produce positive figures, but certainly the published results should enable people to make a more informed choice.

Dr Andrew Vallance-Owen

Barnet, Herts

Sir, Your report (Sept 3) gives a bleak snapshot of just some of the issues facing our rapidly ageing society. Older people left languishing in hospital wards, fears of poor care in care homes and the risk of neglect or abuse — the Demos and Age UK reports make for grim reading. As the Demos report found, some providers are evolving and great care does exist. We are aware of the many concerns facing the older people of today and the future. However, the underlying theme with these reports seems to be that the government is not.

The government, care providers and the NHS need to work together to ensure that a crisis in social care is averted. This can only be achieved with representation at the highest level of government. In 2011, 137,000 people signed the petition for a Minister for Older People to be appointed — which was handed to No 10. The case for change is stronger than ever, and action is long overdue.

Jane Ashcroft

CEO, Anchor, and commissioner, Commission on Residential Care

Sir, With regard to the King’s Fund report (“Elderly must pay more for better care system”, Sept 4), I have spent a career trying — with varying degrees of success — to bridge the gap between health and social care. It is clear to me that both agencies are keen, indeed actively seek, to co-operate for the good of their patient/client. The stumbling block has always been the fractured funding system between monies raised locally and governed by locally elected council members, and that driven from central government.

Experience tells me that if we crack this funding question, the rest will be easy. For too long we have had to work in a system which is confusing not only to those receiving care but to the very people working within it.

Christina Sell

Managing director, Langton Care

Sir, The report by the Commission on Residential Care A vision for care fit for the 21st century describes the negative perceptions associated with the term residential care, and instead uses the term “housing with care” as it “encapsulates the entire spectrum of options from care homes to extra care villages and supported living apartments”.

This creates various problems. As things stand, the term “housing with care” (also known as extra care housing) is typically used to differentiate between a housing model, in which care is available around the clock, and a residential care model. As the report makes clear, a housing model offers distinct benefits, as well as being funded and regulated differently.

Until such time as the report’s recommendations become reality, and care homes become more like genuine housing with care, using the term “housing with care” when referring to residential care creates considerable confusion. It also risks having the opposite effect from that intended, transferring the negative perceptions of residential care onto housing with care.

Sue Garwood

(Extra care specialist)

Royston, Herts

Views of Scotland from outside range as widely as those within the country

Sir, Over the past year I have found myself moving towards being a Yes supporter. I am English, so this is academic, but the more I examine where England is as a nation, the more I am appalled at the failure of socio-economic neo-liberalism that creates a tiny powerful elite while marginalising everybody else.

From housing to welfare to justice, to education to economic fairness we in England are morally skewered. That Scotland has a chance to shake off the legacy of elitism and exclusion is fantastic. In doing so I hope Scotland provides the radical mind shift that we in England so desperately need to embrace fairer ways of doing things.

The earthquake that would come from Scottish independence would force us to rightly look at ourselves and what we truly stand for.

Gerard Brown

London W2

Sir, Alistair Darling and Gordon Brown heading the No campaign? Where are the English politicians telling Scotland why we want them, why we need them and why they should stay with us?

Leslie Howard

St Albans

Sir, Listening to the Yes campaign one might think that Scots are an oppressed people living in poor conditions. But our island is a haven of freedom and relative prosperity which people risk their lives to join. What sort of paradise do the Scots think they can create by this messy, expensive and divisive divorce?

Professor Robert Elkeles

Northwood, Middx

Sir, It defies logic that Scotland might retain the pound. It would remain hugely dependent on the remaining UK government’s economic policy but without any representation. It is better off now.

Michael Old

Poole, Dorset

Sir, With this recent defection of a Conservative MP to Ukip, the upcoming Scottish referendum and a possible future referendum on EU membership, it is not conceivable that in the near future we could be out of the European Union while Scotland is in.

Dan Green

Ewell, Surrey

Sir, I have, like most in England, only had a passing interest in the Scottish referendum but I would be keen to know what the chances are of keeping “English” Summer Time throughout the year if the Scots decide to depart, as I am certain it would improve the road safety of the inhabitants south of the border.

It would be left to the Highland dairy industry to plead directly with Alex Salmond for their historical light-saving advantage that we have afforded them in the past.

Stephen Williams

Saffron Walden

Sir, Clare Harbord (letter, Sept 4) claims that an extra runway at Heathrow would provide sufficient capacity until 2040, and that this would match Amsterdam and Paris.

What she fails to mention is that those airfields have surplus capacity in the form of more than three runways. A three-runway Heathrow operating close to capacity would result in even greater disruption when there were delays caused by fog or incidents that temporarily closed a runway. A modern international airport needs a spare runway that can be brought into operation at short notice. Without this, delays and cancellations are inevitable every time that anything disrupts the perfect flow of air traffic.

Captain Will Steynor (British Airways, retired)

South Brent, Devon

Sir, It is indeed true that e-cigarettes can help established smokers to stop smoking (report, Sept 5). However, they deliver pure nicotine and it is now understood that nicotine is a “gateway” drug that lowers the threshold in the body for taking other addictive substances, notably cannabis and cocaine. This effect is biological, not emotional.

It follows that because of the danger of non-smokers, especially young people, experimenting in the false belief that e-cigarettes are safe, great caution should be exercised in their regulation and sale.

Professor Sir Denis Pereira Gray

(Past chairman, Academy of Medical Royal Colleges), Exeter

Sir, If Scotland votes for separation and then applies to share the pound in a currency union, surely the rest of us in the remainder of the UK have the democratic right to have our say on whether we are willing to share sterling with the new state. In such post-referendum circumstances, we must be given the earliest opportunity to vote on this issue, which is of fundamental importance to us all. Indeed it is hard to see how any government of the remaining UK would have a mandate to negotiate on a question of such magnitude without a vote having taken place.

P Carden

Thetford, Norfolk

Sir, Hugo Rifkind (Times2, Sept 4) makes an important point about the absence of positive feeling for those campaigning against independence. Of course it seems much more exciting to be voting “Yes” to something. Isn’t it time for the “No” campaign to be emphasising the positives for keeping the union, rather than all the negatives?

Dr Roger Kennedy

Twickenham

Sir, The question “Should Scotland be an independent country?” is ambiguous. Scotland is already independent — with a legitimate government, its own law, education and sports teams, etc. A “Yes” vote could be deemed a vote for keeping the status quo of an independent country within the Union. But better ask Brussels — they handle Unions.

Alex Mackinnon

Dollar, Clackmannanshire

What should schools do, exactly, with the final few weeks of the summer term?

Sir, At my school in the 1960s the weeks before the end of term in July were put to good use (letters, Sept 2 & 4). Those going into the sixth form were prepared for the following term. Most useful of all was a programme for the school leavers that covered bank accounts and managing your money, cooking on a budget, public speaking, the importance of using your vote, time management and looking after your health. Perhaps this is now all covered in the curriculum, but it was invaluable at the time.

Lucinda Morrison

Emsworth, Hants

Sir, Perhaps cricket matches should be introduced in the first half of the autumn term rather than in the summer term (letter, Sept 3). The weather at this time of year is often still and warm, and this year looks to be no exception. I grew up on the North East coast, where my love of sport was severely tested by trying to catch a cricket ball in freezing temperatures in April and having my bones crushed on rock-hard rugby pitches in September.

John Williams

London SE9

Sir, Your leading article on Hong Kong’s political reform (Sept 2) is misleading. Since the handover of Hong Kong in 1997, the central government has upheld the principle of “one country, two systems” and strictly followed the Basic Law in handling Hong Kong-related matters. Hong Kong has therefore enjoyed a high degree of autonomy.

The colonial rule of Britain’s unelected governors gave Hong Kong no democracy. By contrast, the Chinese government initiated the process to elect a chief executive through universal suffrage, which was later inscribed in the Basic Law.

The decision by the National People’s Congress Standing Committee a few days ago marks an important milestone for Hong Kong’s democratic progress. For the first time in Hong Kong’s history, a chief executive can be elected through one person, one vote. It will not only advance Hong Kong’s democracy and political process but will fuel Hong Kong’s continued prosperity.

Miao Deyu

Chinese Embassy, London W1

Telegraph:

A passenger jet aircraft comes into land at Heathrow Airport on March 13, 2007 Photo: Matt Cardy/Getty Images

6:58AM BST 05 Sep 2014

CommentsComments

Flying from Britain

SIR – While Alan Greenwood (Letters, September 3) has a point about the number of people residing further afield than the Thames Estuary, I would question his selection of Salisbury Plain as the site of a new airport. First, notwithstanding its continued use by the military, the plain is a noted conservation area.

Secondly, Salisbury Plain is not “in the middle of Britain”. That claim belongs to the village of Dunsop Bridge, Lancashire, in the middle of the Trough of Bowland, an Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty.

James Barry
Stokesley, North Yorkshire

Objective in Iraq

SIR – During Prime Minister’s Questions on Wednesday, there were several questions regarding the situation with the Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant (Isil), the jihadist group, and the country of Iraq.

But the most obvious question, “What is the Government’s objective in relation to Isil?” was not asked. Nor, moreover, has the Prime Minister or the Foreign Secretary ever disclosed the Government’s objective.

No strategy declared by the Government can be effective unless it is designed to achieve a known objective.

Nicholas Watkis
Gloucester

SIR – Why glorify this thug by calling him “Jihadi John”? He should be called a coward for not showing his face.

Peggy Rowell
Chippenham, Wiltshire

Police yourself

SIR – You report that police are getting members of the public to look for evidence themselves after they are burgled. Will we also have to issue our own crime numbers for insurance purposes?

If, as recommended, victims of crime investigate the matter themselves, are they required to apprehend the suspect, or would that be classed as vigilantism?

John Milhofer
Broadstone, Dorset

SIR – If there is a whiff of racism or homophobia, the police are quick to attend, usually mob-handed, explaining: “We have a duty to investigate all such incidents.” Presumably, this diligence does not apply to old-fashioned crimes such as theft, vandalism and criminal damage.

Dr Chris Topping
Pilling, Lancashire

Making a century

SIR – I thoroughly enjoyed reading the obituary (September 3) of the cricketer Norman Gordon.

However, there is a Test cricketer who played either side of the Second World War who is alive and well, aged 102. Eileen Ash is a delightful lady, whom I met at Lord’s in 2012 when my husband was president of Marylebone Cricket Club.

Eileen played golf until she was 99 and still practises yoga. Her energy, vitality and sense of humour make her unforgettable. Her recipe for longevity is red wine.

Sally Ann Hodson
Notton, West Yorkshire

Parrot paradox

SIR – Some years ago I was visited by a parrot, an African Grey called Henry. “Can you talk?”, I asked Henry (“Without question”, Letters, September 4). The bird cocked its head, gave the matter some thought, and replied loudly: “No.”

Tim Deane
Tisbury, Wiltshire

Boarding and care

SIR – A new generation of boarding school could transform “troubled children’s chances”, a think tank believes (report, September 1) – but it could be a waste of taxpayers’ money.

Disadvantaged children who go to independent schools do significantly better than others from the same background. There is no need to turn “top” state schools into state boarding schools. The capacity already exists in the independent sector – it only needs local authorities to realise the value for money.

According to some estimates, it costs around £100,000 a year to educate and look after children in care. The cost would be £40,000 in independent boarding schools, including extras such as holiday clubs.

It would help improve social mobility and provide structure, security and care, while giving the fullest education.

Taunton School has links with social services departments and we have two children with us, both doing well.

Duncan Sinclair
Headmaster, Taunton Preparatory School
Somerset

A personal Bayeux

SIR – In my shop we stretch and mount tapestry pieces. After the first Gulf war, a young wife brought us the small pieces her husband had completed while sitting on his tank waiting to go into action (Letters, September 3). There was still sand in them.

It was quite a task to straighten them, but we returned the finished pieces with a suggestion that the date should be sewn in too. Anyone else involved with records like these should do the same.

Eve Wilkinson
Blandford Forum, Dorset

Eating for two

SIR – Geoffrey Shaw (Letters, September 4) asks what he, living alone, should do with recipes for four. I cook a recipe for four and eat it four days running. Or, as there is no one around to witness it, I sometimes scoff the whole lot in two days.

Isobel Barker
Torpoint, Cornwall

Ripe experience

SIR – How to tell when black tomatoes are ripe (Letters, September 4)? As an allotment holder I have an infallible guide. Anything that’s ripe will get stolen.

Roger Green
London SE25

Hi falutin ways in which to begin an email

SIR – The Rev John Campbell (Letters, September 4) wonders how to greet his email correspondents.

He may choose a salutation that suits the recipient. “Greetings, O silver one” would do for a fellow silver surfer; “Good morrow” for a Shakespeare fan; “Morning all” or “Greetings all” for a group message; “Dearest” for a beloved; and for Klingon buffs, nuqneH.

Rosie Harden-Vane
Holywell, Northumberland

SIR – “Hello”, “Hallo”, “Hullo”, or even “Salve”. All are preferable to the universal “Hi”, an unwanted and unnecessary Americanism, when there are so many alternatives.

Jill Forrest
Bishop’s Waltham, Hampshire

SIR – I dislike using “Hi” and have discovered that “Greetings” serves me well as an opener: it is not overly official, but is pleasantly friendly to all those with whom I correspond.

David Horchover
Eastcote, Middlesex

SIR – Using the salutation “Hi” in emails is juvenile and irritating. Emoticons are worse.

Mr Campbell would do better by just using the recipient’s name. Brevity in emails is admirable.

Tony Munday
Haxton, Wiltshire

SIR – What ho!

Henry Dodds
Sevenoaks, Kent

Allium hollandicum, ‘Purple Sensation’, in the ‘Scent of a Roman’ garden at Chelsea, 2007  Photo: Alamy

6:59AM BST 05 Sep 2014

CommentsComments

SIR – Three cheers for Harry Mount’s defence of Latin terminology against those botanists who attack the language as being an “irrelevant anachronism” (Features, September 3).

It is, indeed, the ultimate lingua franca, descending from the Renaissance, when scholars and literary figures addressed each other in elegant Latin through letters and poems, and used it in international symposia, where it would be readily comprehensible.

Its lexical variety can be illustrated by the following challenge: how many synonyms can you think of for the English word famous? Latin has at least 15 of them.

Christopher Pelly
Parkstone, Dorset

SIR – On holiday in Cuba, a friend and I visited the National Botanical Gardens in Havana. We spoke no Spanish, our guide and translator knew nothing about plants and gardening, and the young lady at the gardens spoke no English. However, as soon as she started pointing out the plants’ Latin names, we were off on a wonderful visit.

Chris Gordon
Benington, Lincolnshire

EU Fiscal treaty referendum…No and Yes counting slips lie on top of hundreds of ballot boxes in the warehouse of the Dublin County Returning Officer, before they are distributed to polling stations across Dublin county ahead of the nationwide vote of the Fiscal Stability Referendum tomorrow. PRESS ASSOCIATION Photo. Picture date: Wednesday May, 30, 2012. Photo credit should read: Julien Behal/PA Wire Photo: PA

7:00AM BST 05 Sep 2014

CommentsComments

SIR – Allan Steward writes of the lack of “No” field posters on the road between the border and Edinburgh (Letters, September 4). He was too late. Blink and they’re gone.

Field posters here in Midlothian are lucky to last one night before disappearing. This does not look like casual vandalism; it feels like an orchestrated campaign.

Never have I met so many who will not put up posters for fear of vandalism. Never have so few been ready to put stickers in cars or windows of their houses. The police do what they can – issue crime numbers.

Scotland is already a different country.

Marnie Crawford
Midlothian

SIR – The Scottish referendum may end up in a narrow win for the Nationalists, but there will still be a United Kingdom general election eight months later, when the implications will have had time to sink in.

If a majority of the candidates elected are from pro-Union parties, and declare so in their manifestos, will such an important issue be reopened?

Michael Staples
Seaford, East Sussex

SIR – A Yes vote is for ever, not just for Christmas.

Ivan Childs
Martock, Somerset

SIR – If Scotland votes to leave the Union, it would be proper for the general election in 2015 to take place with no Scottish representation. This would, I guess, require legislation, but it would be preferable to postponing the election for a year.

Rev John D Bland
Littleover, Derbyshire

SIR – Whether Scotland votes for independence or not, in the eight months until the general election, the rest of the UK, having been denied a vote on Scottish independence which will have significant effects for them, should not be rushed into negotiating in the divisive aftermath.

It seems unreasonable for the Coalition Government to embark on serious discussions when there will be a new government in Westminster in a matter of months.

The period between September and May should be one of quiet planning and reflection on both sides, leaving a new government to negotiate and make the crucial decisions resulting from the outcome of the vote.

David Clarke
Hook, Hampshire

SIR – I am concerned about the prophecy made by those who wrote the Act of Union. They wrote that such a Union would stand for “all time coming, the sure and perpetual foundation of a complete and entire Union of the two kingdoms of Scotland and England.” Are we really about to reach the end of time?

Rev Dominic Stockford
Teddington, Middlesex

‘If ever there was a reason not to take part in a reality TV show, here is a sound one’ Photo: BBC

10:32PM BST 05 Sep 2014

CommentsComments

SIR – After the media storm over the exit of Iain Watters from The Great British Bake-Off last week and the apparent scapegoating by some people of another contestant, Diana Beard, I write to put the medical record straight. As Diana’s GP I am fully aware of the medical reasons for her inability to continue in the series. She has asked me to make these reasons clear, because of the inferences drawn by some commentators, that her withdrawal from the programme was linked to the exit of Iain.

After the filming of the episode at the end of which Iain left, Diana returned the next weekend ready to film Episode 5, screened this week. The evening before filming, all the contestants went to a restaurant for a meal together. At the end of the meal Diana stood up, lost consciousness and fell heavily, banging her head on the stone floor.

She was taken to the A&E department of the local hospital where she remained that night as a result of her injury. She was diagnosed with concussion and could not take part in the Bake-Off that weekend, so returned home. She was given a “bye” into Episode 6, to be screened this coming week.

Filming for Episode 6 was a week later, by which time Diana had not recovered from her concussion. I advised the programme producers that she needed a longer time to recover before starting to bake again. They were not prepared to allow Diana to miss two episodes, and she therefore had to leave the programme.

Ever since this head injury, Diana has been unable to smell or taste anything. She had a number of investigations, including a CT scan and a MRI scan of her head. These showed that the nerve from the nose, the olfactory nerve, which transmits taste and smell to the brain, had been completely severed as a result of the impact.

Diana sought the advice of a neurosurgeon who said that there is no treatment to repair this. If she is very lucky she may regain these senses but this would take many months, if it happens at all.

In my view, Diana has paid a heavy price for taking part in the GBBO. If ever there was a reason not to take part in a reality TV show, here is a sound one.

Dr Kieran Redman
Whitchurch, Shropshire

Irish Times:

Sir, – What a sad picture Dr Ali Selim (“Call for State schools to accommodate Islamic beliefs”, September 3rd) paints of school life for Muslim teenagers, particularly girls. They cannot take part in the school raffle, in case winning a box of Milk Tray at the school concert should turn them into gamblers. However, that’s only a minor detail compared to the more serious issues raised. Muslim girls should not remove their scarves during PE. How could they play properly with this garment getting in their way? Only females should be present in the PE hall. Girls should not be “visible to men” while they play.

But the saddest picture of all is the subject of music. Even those of us who cannot sing (quite a few of us) or play a musical instrument (even more of us) get endless enjoyment from listening to music. Is this simple, but vital pleasure, to be denied to Muslim children?

To sum up, these are the rules: girls, cover yourselves from head to foot; don’t mix with boys; don’t play too boisterously; don’t swim in a communal pool; don’t dance; don’t sing; don’t listen to music; don’t enjoy yourselves; don’t be happy; and don’t be young.

Muslims living in liberal western countries should modernise, or not only will they alienate their neighbours, but also their children. – Your, etc,

MARGARET O’NEILL,

Ardross,

New Ross, Co Wexford.

Sir, – With regard to the recent call for changes to existing state schools to accommodate Islamic belief or new schools set up specifically to facilitate such beliefs, I would like to refer your readers and contributors to the 2011 census. According to it, Islam comes sixth in terms of religious classification numbers (after Catholic, No Religion, Church of Ireland, Not Stated, and Other Stated Religions) and is only marginally ahead of “Orthodox (Greek, Coptic, Russian)” and “Other Christian” .

Even if we draw the “inclusion” cut-off line at just below Muslim (excluding Buddhist, Hindu, Jehovah’s Witness, etc), this leaves six religious and two non-religious groupings which need to have special sectarian accommodations made for them in the education system. And why stop there? What about the health system, the justice system, broadcasting, transport, etc?

With resources scarce enough in education, do we really need to modify our schools as requested? Most Irish villages and towns struggle to keep one school running, without the need for six or eight divided along religious lines, even before we consider the school transport complexities that would bring.

Surely the solution for a multidenominational society are multidenominational schools, hospitals, buses, police, courts, public spaces, and so on. – Yours, etc,

ANDREW DOYLE,

Lislevane,

Bandon, Co Cork.

Sir, – In 2012 Dr Selim’s Islamic Cultural Centre hosted a lecture branding all Irish Ahmadi Muslims apostates. Perhaps we should not leap to the assumption that the Irish Muslim community is monolithic, or that Dr Selim’s unelected organisation should be its sole voice. – Yours, etc,

GEOFF LILLIS,

Iona Road,

Drumcondra,

Dublin 9.

Sir, – On interacting with professionals (in this case, teachers), Dr Ali Selim states that, “Muslims do not believe in eye contact between members of the opposite sex”. This was “significant for teachers when dealing with Muslim parents”.

There we have it. The mask has slipped. Dr Selim should be asked whether his views are capable of being integrated within a western democracy. – Yours, etc,

MARK McGRAIL,

Highland Avenue,

Cabinteely,

Dublin 18.

Sir, – The revelation in The Irish Times that 9,000 cases of abuse, neglect or welfare concerns over children at risk are waiting for a social worker is deeply concerning (“Thousands of children at risk await social workers”, September 5th). This is fundamentally a political issue, which must be high on the Cabinet agenda as it prepares Budget 2015, because it highlights an extremely serious and potentially catastrophic funding shortfall within Tusla, the Child and Family Agency.

It is, or ought to be, a cause of national scandal – especially given our history in the matter – that thousands of children at risk of abuse, neglect or welfare concerns are having to wait to be allocated a social worker. Worryingly, we understand more than a third (3,250) are “high priority” cases that were awaiting a response during the summer.

Any delays can result in deepening hurt and trauma on the child and situations reaching crisis point. The failure to intervene early places these children and families at ever-deepening risk. Children in these situations need immediate support, and Tusla must be appropriately equipped to provide that essential care.

Everyone involved in the field knows the budget provided to set up Tusla was too small to cover its projected costs, by at least €60 million. Essentially, it was given only around 90 per cent of what it needed when it was established earlier this year. There is no evidence of waste, mismanagement or gratuitous overspending within Tusla – quite the opposite.

We all know that Tusla is working hard to streamline systems and practices, but a built-in deficit like this is a recipe for catastrophe and failure. Tusla must be given adequate funding in Budget 2015 to ensure it can cover its mandate adequately, but also to ensure the system can cope with the necessary extra workload that will arise when mandatory reporting is introduced, hopefully in 2015, and also for the new workload resulting from the need for an adequate inspection regime in the childcare area. – Yours, etc,

FERGUS FINLAY,

Chief Executive,

Barnardos,

Christchurch Square,

Dublin 8.

Sir, – The problem of homelessness is now out of control. A growing number of people are sleeping rough on the streets of Dublin, as there are not enough beds available.

To eliminate rough sleeping is not rocket science – it involves renting or buying a few buildings, doing some internal renovations, putting in beds and employing some staff.

Why can the Government not address that relatively simple issue, especially now that winter is approaching and the economy recovering?

Why are drug-free homeless people forced to share a room full of drug users, or forfeit their social welfare payments?

Why is the whole experience of accessing emergency homeless services such a frustrating, degrading and humiliating experience, especially for people who are first time homeless?

There is no sense of urgency at the political level to provide a half-decent homeless service which respects the dignity of homeless people and which actually works.

Homelessness and rough sleeping are likely to increase substantially over the next 18 months.

Some 31,500 buy-to-let residential properties are in mortgage arrears of more than 90 days, and 35,000 principal home properties are in mortgage arrears of more than two years.

The Central Bank has referred to a “potential mortgage arrears time-bomb”. Each house that is repossessed by a financial institution is a person or family potentially facing homelessness.

There is a “potential homeless time-bomb” ticking away. It may explode before the next general election. – Yours, etc,

Fr PETER McVERRY, SJ

Jesuit Centre

for Faith and Justice,

Upper Sherrard Street,

Dublin 1.

Sir, – The Department of Education’s consultation paper on foreign languages is an achievement in post factum obfuscation of which the late Sir Humphrey Appleby would be most proud (“Schools need to vary language teaching amid ‘predominance of French’, report suggests”, August 29th).

If post-primary students have less choice in modern language learning than was the case a number of years ago, this is a direct consequence of increases to the pupil-teacher ratio in schools and other cuts to teaching staff implemented by successive governments with the connivance – willing or otherwise – of senior officials who stand behind this document.

Maintaining compulsory and other high-demand subjects has required the cutting of less popular ones in languages, science and business. In a similar manner, schools have not been able to add subjects owing to the almost impossible pressures on their timetable.

In this fog of wilful deceit, the gunboat Marlborough Street has turned its turret on French. In doing so, it perpetuates the neophile’s obsession with potential rather than reality.

In this case, the reality is that France is our sixth most important export partner, with Belgium and Switzerland, home to significant French-speaking populations, actually further up the list. These nations are natural markets for indigenous Irish produce and they account for a significant share of tourism here. More to the point, the generally respected EF English Proficiency Index shows that the proportion of people in France who speak English is significantly lower than in Germany or Spain, whose languages are also widely taught in our schools.

If an intelligent conversation regarding the status of languages is to be had, there first needs to be a recognition from Government that its short-sighted decisions have brought us to this point and secondly an acknowledgement that we can ill do with a downgrading of French given the scale of our relationship with French-speaking countries and the manifest requirement to produce graduates capable of speaking their language. – Yours, etc,

BARRY HENNESSY,

Turvey Walk,

Donabate,

Co Dublin.

Sir, – Imagining that the study of French limits one to communicating only with citizens of metropolitan France and engaging only with their culture is short sighted. I studied French in secondary school up to Leaving Certificate, just like thousands of my peers. While I later completed my theology degree in France and through French for ordination as a Catholic priest, I now live in Italy and use French almost daily, socially and for work, with Québécois, Lithuanians, Poles, Czechs, Senegalese, Togolese, Berkinabè, Iraqis and Lebanese, among others. Such communication is not in any way unusual for somebody living outside an Anglophone country. The foundation for it was laid, in my case, during six years of French classes in my secondary school, Christian Brothers College, Cork.

Knowing French also makes understanding, and then learning, the other Romance languages relatively straightforward. – Yours, etc,

Fr FERGUS RYAN OP,

Collegio San Clemente,

Via Labicana,

Sir, – Given the persistent push via media outlets and political rhetoric that we should remember great strides and advances such as the IRA ceasefire of 1994, I trust we will continue to apply equal clarity and insistence when we reach other milestone dates subsequent to that time.

Dates such as the day, not even a year and a half later, when the IRA broke this ceasefire with the London Docklands bombing, then later the Manchester bombing and the murder of Garda Jerry McCabe during an armed robbery.

The people in question, still unrepentant to this day for their actions, had not “gone away, you know”. – Yours, etc,

JUSTIN DEEGAN.

Celbridge Road,

Maynooth,

Co Kildare.

Sir, – Rob Sadlier (September 4th) writes that “the introduction of gender quotas could result in better candidates losing out to weaker candidates”.

The decisions that contributed to the bankrupting of the country were made by a Dáil which was nearly 90 per cent male.

It does not look, therefore, as if the better qualified candidates were always chosen in the past.

Marginalising the talents of the half of the population that are women does not seem like a wise policy in what is supposed to be a representative democracy.

On the contrary, the introduction of gender quotas might go some way to bring in better qualified candidates from the female half of the population. – Yours, etc,

ANTHONY LEAVY,

Shielmartin Drive,

Sutton,

Dublin 13.

Sir, – When all the undergrowth of debate and discussion on meritocracy, practicality, fairness and discrimination is burned away and the true shape of our political landscape is exposed, what we see is a distorted democracy, with half of our population represented by just 15 per cent women in our national parliament.

Gender quotas, while not ideal, represent the lesser evil. We should not have to rely on an evolutionary pace of change to achieve a truly representative democracy. – Yours, etc,

PETER KEENAN,

Bushy Park Road,

Rathgar,

Sir, – I am writing to you to express my deep frustration with visiting Ireland. I am a regular visitor and a strong supporter and proponent of Ireland – but during the past several visits, I have faced hour-long waits at Dublin Airport because of a decision to keep most of the border inspection booths closed.

It is incomprehensible to me that a country with a need for tourists and investors would be so narrow minded as to intentionally allow these much-needed visitors (and their substantial spending and investment) to stand for an hour or more at Dublin Airport simply because of a decision not to staff the inspection stations.

The first impression that international visitors receive upon touching down at Dublin is that they are essentially not wanted – what else could explain having only three gardaí on duty to handle a half a dozen international flights all scheduled to arrive at the same time?

Ireland is a wonderful country to visit and in which to invest, but first impressions are important – and a visitor’s first impression upon arriving at Dublin Airport is that they really are not welcome. – Yours, etc,

ROBERT B JOHNSTON,

21st Avenue,

Isle of Palms,

South Carolina.

A chara, – The headline on your editorial thoroughly and rightly condemning the killing of Steven Sotloff reads “A barbarous execution” (September 4th). Barbarous, yes; but an execution, no. Mr Sotloff was kidnapped by terrorists, held captive against his will for over a year in horrible conditions, and then forced to read an ideological spiel justifying the actions of his tormentors before being hideously murdered by them on camera. His murderers refused to even allow him dignity in death and posted the video of his brutal murder online.

Let us give not even the slightest hint of cover to these truly barbarous people by using the legal-sounding term “execution” to describe their evil actions. – Is mise,

Rev PATRICK G BURKE,

Castlecomer, Co Kilkenny.

Sir, – Frank McNally refers to the cries of the newspaper boys he heard when he first came to Dublin (“The lost art of paper pushing”, An Irishman’s Diary, September 4th).

The cries I remember from my youth, half a generation earlier, sounded something like “Heggle-o-May-ill, late foinal Mayl-o-Heggle”. – Yours, etc,

PN CORISH,

Oaklands Drive,

Rathgar,

Dublin 6.

Sir, – If we ever adopt American spelling (September 3rd), would this mean we would no longer have to hear the British term “mum” but have “moms” instead? And would the Irish “mam” or “ma” be confined to history? – Yours, etc,

ALAN FAIRBROTHER,

Glenvara Park,

Knocklyon,

Dublin 16.

Irish Independent:

In 2003 and 2004 an estimated 30 million people around the world marched against the 2003 invasion of Iraq, with three million people marching in Rome; 750,000 in London and one million people in Dublin.

The invasion was intended to liberate the Iraqi people and also, we were told frequently, to get rid of weapons of mass destruction stockpiled in the country and to especially remove the country’s tyrannical leader, Saddam Hussein. Chemical weapons were found, but hardly any or none of the more lethal weapons of mass destruction. Few could have predicted how worse it would get for the stability of the Middle East. Saddam was hanged, but it didn’t lead to peace in the country as hoped.

A new organisation, Isil, has this year taken over a third of Iraq and Syria as part of their plan to set up an Islamic caliphate state encompassing as much territory in the region as possible.

They tolerate no differing views and their methods include beheading civilians and shooting dead 500 to 700 of Iraq’s army captured in June, according to a Human Rights Watch report.

The UN published a report on atrocities in Iraq this year.

The beheading of two American journalists in the Middle East in the last eight days has US President Barack Obama talking tough, but whether he will follow through is uncertain.

Civilised human beings can’t understand how anyone could behead a person and video it for the internet – the stuff of nightmares. Isil were described in a newspaper editorial as fascists like the Nazis of the 1930s in Europe.

This new group has gained a vast amount of territory in six months and the fear is they may completely take over Iraq and terrorise the population of 35 million.

The government in Iraq is fragile and still in need of armed support from the West. Its brave people who serve in the government are putting their lives in danger all the time.

A special mention too to our Irish UN peace-keepers, who last month rescued UN Filipino colleagues who were surrounded at their post because of the spreading Syrian civil war near the traditional UN neutral zone of the Golan Heights between Syria and Israel. It is a sad litany of violence in the Middle East.

Mary Sullivan, College Road, Cork

 

Ireland on the edge

What has gone wrong with our country?

We are jailing mothers who decide what’s best for their children.

We are having our budgets being distributed to members of the German Parliament before our elected representatives see them -and this same country is only now deciding to pay compensation for the child victims of their darkest hour of history.

We are members of a Union that operated a rendition programme in Poland.

We have heroin washing all over our once-peaceful towns and villages.

We have court cases costing vast amounts and we are seeing guilty verdicts in our criminal courts receiving the punishment of community services .

We have spent millions setting up a company that is going to charge us for the water that falls out of the sky to flow through pipes that are already in the ground. We have a council of unelected people, namely the Economic Management Council, seemingly deciding our economic future.

We have soldiers on the edge of what is beginning to look like hell on Earth “observing” a ceasefire.

We have binmen that are beginning to look like they have been transported back to the Lockout era of our history.

We have a national broadcaster that seems to have made some very strange editing decisions on what is news and what is not.

We have unknown people running into pubs shooting firearms.

We have a Government with the largest majority in the history of the State with a “new” billion euro. Sure it’ll all be grand.

Dermot Ryan, Athenry, Co Galway

 

What about ‘our’ games?

Should non-GAA events ever be accorded precedence over Gaelic games at Croke Park?

Tony Barnwell, Dublin 9

Falcao wages a sign of madness

I read on the front page of your paper the following: “United land Falcao on €335,000 a week”. Is there something not quite right about that or is it just me?

Madness – pure madness. It really does take the good out of any sport. Not even our Jim McGuinness is worth that after last Sunday! On second thoughts…

Ah! to hell with it, I must be getting old!

Brian McDevitt,

Glenties, Co Donegal

Children have rights as well

Victoria White’s article of the September 4 is predicated around the assertion that “nowhere in the Constitution is a parent’s right to home-educate made subject to any “minimum standard'”.

This is patently false. Article 42.3.2 explicitly says “The State shall, however, as guardian of the common good, require in view of actual conditions that the children receive a certain minimum education, moral, intellectual and social.” It is clear then that the right of parents to home-educate their children is not absolute.

Rather, it is a competing right to be balanced against the right of the children to receive a certain minimum level of education. How else to ensure this balance is maintained than by some form of mandatory assessment? I fail to see any constitutional issue here.

Jessica Copley, Knocklyon, Dublin 16

 

When Longford ruled Ireland

Albert Reynolds‘ demise reminds me of the time when Ireland was ruled from Longford.

Albert was Taoiseach; Willie Mulvihill was Secretary General of the GAA; and Cahal Daly (not born in Longford, but he was there long enough for us to claim him) was head of the Catholic Church.

More importantly, my mother used send scratch cards to Mr Reynolds with requests to fix the road to our house. I know he didn’t take bribes, but her letters were always acknowledged and the road was always repaired.

Tom Farrell, Swords, Co Dublin

 

Time to get fundamental

Sadly – even with the rising barbarity of the nutters of the Islamic State terror group – so many of today’s Western elites, assorted clever people, chaff head celeb-set types, “New Age Tories” and so many other types of the West’s modern-day crusading cappuccino commandos derisively dismiss America’s founding fathers’ great American constitution as an “18th century experiment”!

Perhaps such “educated, but unlearned” fools will soon come to realise that to protect the West’s Judeo/Christian foundations it’s not so much a matter of back to basics, but forward to fundamentals!

Howard Hutchins, Victoria, Australia

 

Fix flawed prostitution laws

With Mr Carter’s commentary having placed our prostitution laws in the headlines, it should be recognised that our laws, as they stand, are ambiguous as to whom exactly they and their penalties apply, especially as regards who solicits who and what for.

That’s why the actions of both parties need to be absolutely criminalised, and in no uncertain terms, the same way as both dealers and buyers are prosecuted under our drug laws.

Killian Foley-Walsh, Lourdes, France

Irish Independent


Rain

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0
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7 September 2014 Rain

I jog around the park I still have arthritis in my left knee, but I manage to get round the park. A wettish day. I potter around not doing very much at all

Mary’s back not much better today, pork chop for tea and her back pain is still there.

Obituary:

Marjorie Seldon – obituary

Marjorie Seldon was the supportive wife of Arthur Seldon and campaigner for choice in education

Marjorie and Arthur Seldon

Marjorie and Arthur Seldon

6:44PM BST 03 Sep 2014

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Marjorie Seldon, who has died aged 94, was the wife of Arthur Seldon, the co-founder and editorial director of the Institute of Economic Affairs, the free market “think tank” which had a profound impact on the policies of the governments of Margaret Thatcher and later Tony Blair.

Born Audrey Marjorie Willett on October 15 1919, she had a difficult upbringing in the shadow of the First World War. Her father, Wilfred , had been shot in the head at Ypres in December 1914 while tending to one of his men in no-man’s-land, cutting short a promising career as a doctor. His life was saved when his young wife, Eileen, travelled by special permit to the base hospital in France to bring him back to England after the doctors had given up on him — a story retold by Jonathan Smith in his novel Wilfred and Eileen.

The experience of growing up with a melancholic and incapacitated father affected Marjorie profoundly. Wilfred sought solace in communism, driving a wedge between him and his close friend Henry Williamson, author of Tarka the Otter, who moved sharply to the Right.

Worse was to come during the Second World War when Marjorie’s first love lost his life in the sinking, in October 1939, of Royal Oak in Scapa Flow. She married and gave birth to a son, but her husband was killed in Egypt in the last months of the war.

Marjorie threw herself into journalism, and fell in love with a young magazine editor, Arthur Seldon, whom she married in secret so as not to distress his Jewish adoptive mother, who would have disapproved of his marrying outside the faith.

Both Arthur’s real parents had died in the Spanish Flu epidemic of 1919 and he had been brought up by a series of adoptive fathers, mostly living in poverty in the East End. The traumas of his early years left their mark in a lifelong stammer and huge self-doubt. Marjorie made it her mission to bolster his self-confidence and to provide emotional tranquillity at home so that he could throw himself wholly into his work, free of any worries. She even learnt to like, if not to love, his two passions outside market economics — cricket and opera.

In 1955 her husband found his vocation when he joined Ralph Harris (later Lord Harris of High Cross) in founding the Institute of Economic Affairs , where he provided much of the intellectual leadership . Marjorie accompanied him on every journey he ever made, including the annual meetings of the Mont Pelerin Society, an international group of free market economists and thinkers.

The Seldons regarded themselves as free market liberals and in their early years together were prominent supporters of the Liberal Party, but later they became disillusioned by the party’s collectivist direction.

Only when her children had left school in the 1970s did Marjorie begin to pursue her own interests again. These included setting up, in 1975, a pressure group called FEVER (Friends of the Education Voucher in Representative Regions) to press for the introduction of education vouchers, a campaign on which she worked closely with her friend (and later Conservative education minister) Rhodes Boyson. An early convert was Keith Joseph. But when the Conservatives were returned to power under Margaret Thatcher in 1979, she was bitterly disappointed that plans to give all parents a choice of schooling went nowhere. She blamed the civil servants for blocking her ideas.

For 25 years Marjorie Seldon ran the family home at a village near Sevenoaks as a political salon . Margaret Thatcher was an early visitor soon after she was elected Conservative leader in 1975; Friedrich Hayek and Milton Friedman were regular guests. In her latter years she returned to writing, publishing in 1985 an elegant memoir of her early life, Poppies and Roses .

Her husband died in 2005, and she is survived by three sons.

Marjorie Seldon, born October 15 1919, died June 26 2014

Guardian:

Voters could choose one man and one woman.

Voters could choose one man and one woman. Photograph: Demotix/Corbis

“Why all-women shortlists?” asks Catherine Bennett (Comment), and answers herself: “Simple: nothing else works”. An answer that is wrong on two counts. The first is that it wouldn’t work, except in a very piecemeal way. And the second is that there is a straightforward alternative that would definitely work. There is only one way to ensure equal numbers of men and women MPs. It would be for every constituency to return two MPs, one male and one female, both elected by the same mixed electorate.

This would mean a lot of adjustment of constituencies, since no one would want a Commons with twice the number of MPs. It would threaten the careers of a lot of existing MPs. That might be a matter of no significance to most of us but it could make it difficult to get legislation through parliament.  However, if need be, the whole thing could be phased in; as MPs retired their constituency could be combined with a neighbouring constituency and within a generation we’d be there.

But the fact that this way of achieving the claimed objective is never even discussed – the only mainstream politician who has ever advocated it was Tony Benn – is a pretty clear indication that there is no genuine ambition to achieve gender equality in the Commons, not even by those who write columns in newspapers passionately claiming to wish to see it.

Kevin McGrath

Harlow

Catherine Bennett makes an unanswerable case for the use of all-women shortlists in selecting parliamentary candidates. But I think the shortlists used could be improved by a bit of joined-up thinking, taking into account other disparities in the make-up of parliament.

First, as a report last week repeated yet again, people who were sent to fee-paying schools occupy a proportion of the top positions in British society many times greater than their share of the population. Therefore, as they already benefit from vast positive discrimination, no one who attended a fee-paying school in the UK should be on an all-women shortlist.

Second, to ensure that all-women shortlists do not reinforce another form of discrimination, every such shortlist should include at least one credible black woman candidate.

John Wilson

London NW3

I agreed with Catherine Bennett: if it works, it works. So how about some “all state-educated, non-Oxbridge/LSE, non-political researcher/adviser” shortlists from all parties. That would do even more to give us a more representative parliament.

Chris Stevens

Windsor, Berks

Catherine Bennett endorses all-women shortlists (AWSLs) “in the absence”, so she says, “of any other plan”, when she must know that other plans have been proposed to deal with the imbalance in the representation of the sexes in parliament, for example two-member constituencies, which eliminate the effect of unfairness that the AWSL seems to have in a one-member constituency.

This plan has three possible variants, but the basis of it is that you halve the number of constituencies but let each be represented by two MPs, and then:  (option 1) you can specify that one MP will be a woman and the other a man (ie one all-women and one all-men shortlist) and give every voter two votes; or (option 2) you can compile two separate electoral rolls and let women vote for the woman and men for the man. Or (option 3) you don’t specify the sexes of the MPs but have separate electoral rolls and let women vote for one MP and men for the other.

If you already favour the AWSL, surely you would have to see at least one of these options as an improvement on it.

Christopher Eddy

Swindon, Wilts

‘Josh”, who left Ammanford to work as a male escort. Photograph: Will Storr for the Observer

While I commend Mr Storr’s capacity to write with empathy and a clear lack of judgment regarding the case of “Josh” from Ammanford, I was concerned that his portrayal of this young man was one that would appear incongruous in the extreme if it were a young woman (“A real midnight cowboy“, Magazine). The provocative poses would, I submit, appear grotesque and exploitative.

I was captivated by Mr Storr’s writing. It was therefore even more disappointing that he neglected to mention the structural causes that lead to the once thriving town of Ammanford from offering sustainable, well-paid jobs. Perhaps Mr Storr is right and parents should be proud of their children becoming prostitutes (as long as they are successful photogenic prostitutes). I wonder, however, if his own parents would be similarly proud. I also wonder if Mr Storr himself is going to ask “Josh” to consider offering an internship for his own children (if he has any).

As a father of two boys living in the South Wales valleys, I would prefer campaigning for regional development that will bring jobs to the area that do not require our children to prostitute themselves to rich Londoners.

Kevin Munro

Aberdare

Let’s hear it for the north

Reading Robert Yates’s fascinating piece (“Will the north follow Scotland and search for greater power?“) I couldn’t help but think: why has it taken the north so long to catch up?

Tom Johnston, the visionary secretary of state, set up the Scottish Executive Development Department in 1966. Michael Lynch notes that it “implemented planning on a far more rigorous basis than in any of the English regions. The whole of Scotland, except for Edinburgh, was made a ‘development area'”.  The need consequently to more effectively channel funds and to facilitate business development led to the formation of the Scottish Development Agency in 1975 (from 1991, Scottish Enterprise) and the institution of a programme to tackle the loss of Scotland’s heavy industry. Within the very limited political freedoms available to Scottish legislators in the 50 years from 1947, such semi-autonomous agencies fostered a belief in and the products of national, or regional, if you wish it, self-help. I’m pleased the north has decided to take action.

Roger Emmerson

Edinburgh

Movie with a vital message

In the ongoing furore about the recent report concerning child sexual exploitation in Rotherham, could I draw readers’ attention to a campaign that was highlighting this as a national issue more than five years ago. Commissioned by the UK Human Trafficking Centre, and involving consultation with organisations such as Childline, NSPCC and the Family Planning Association, an important, small-budget film was made in Sheffield, in 2008, called My Dangerous Loverboy. It forms part of an educational resources pack, intended to be used to train police, social workers, health professionals and teachers and for use in schools and colleges, to alert children themselves to the risks.

I urge all those caring for children and young people, whether families or professionals, to watch it.

Kate Cowell

Sheffield

Austerity only works one way

Will Hutton is concerned the turmoil in France (as part of the wider euro-zone crisis) might result in France leaving the EU, with subsequent beggar-thy-neighbour economic policies and competitive devaluation (“France is in turmoil as advocates of austerity and investment fight it out“, Comment). However, arguably such policies predate and are a major cause of the crisis. In the supposed golden years of the euro, from 2000 to 2007, German real wages declined by some 9%. This austerity amounted to devaluation, effectively leaving the southern eurozone nations unable to compete. In response, many of these latter have also adopted austerity, increasing pressure on France to abandon her progressive economic policies.

In the context of a competitive international economy, austerity is only a useful policy if other nations refrain from its adoption. Competitiveness is, after all, a relative concept, not an absolute. Although, to each nation considered in isolation austerity makes some sense, for the continent as a whole it spells stagnation (at best).

Kevin Albertson

Manchester Metropolitan University

Do it on TV like they do on TV

Peter Preston has a justifiable go at the arcane set of rules governing the party leaders’ election debates (“If we want better debates, we need a new rule book“, News). Surely Peter, like every real politician and political journalist, is an aficionado of the American TV series The West Wing. If so, he will recall the Democrat and Republican candidates stepping out for their final television debate and the Republican candidate, played by Alan Alda, saying to his opponent, played by Jimmy Smits: “Shall we just forget all the rules and debate the issues?”

There followed an enthralling political debate apparently improvised by the two actors. If a lead can be given by actors in fiction it should be easy to do it with real politicians!

Michael Meadowcroft

Leeds

Snapshot Jane Lamb new Snapshot … Jane Lamb’s father, Elliott, in Crete, 1941. Photograph: PR

Snapshot: Dad’s lucky wartime escape

This is my father, Elliott, in Crete in 1941. He was a despatch rider in the British army and had sent the photograph on a postcard to my grandmother. She had not seen him since he and his brother had set off for a Territorial Army camp in the summer of 1939. He had been sent to France when the second world war broke out and was later evacuated to Crete from Athens, following Germany’s invasion of Greece. He was nearly 21.

My father found himself in the chaos that surrounded the evacuation of Crete. German paratroopers were invading the island and the message went out to all troops to head for the beaches at Souda Bay, a treacherous ride through the mountains. He rode his motorbike until it ran out of fuel and walked the rest of the way.

He joined the thousands of Allied troops (Australians, British, New Zealanders) waiting to be evacuated. Boats came and went and still my father waited. Three days later, still stranded, he fell into conversation with an Australian soldier. He said he was worried he would end up as a prisoner of war if he didn’t get on the next boat.

The call went out for the Australians to board. The Australian soldier suggested that my father go on with him: their uniforms were the same colour. In a split second, my father removed the British insignia from his uniform and went aboard. It turned out to be the last boat off the island.

If he had hesitated, he would have been captured and spent the rest of the war as a prisoner of the Germans. He survived the journey to Alexandria, Egypt, and was picked to join Montgomery’s Intelligence Corps.

I was proud of my father’s daring, and never questioned whether he was right or wrong to do what he did. He did not talk about the war and the only proof we children had that he had served was a pair of “Nazi sunglasses”; a treasure that fascinated us.

He died when I was 23 and I did not have a chance to hear the story from him first-hand.

An uncle (who is now in his 90s but has a razor-sharp memory) told me recently that my account missed out an important detail.

One of the Australians in charge had pulled out a gun and pointed it at my father, saying that he would shoot him if he dared to join the Australian boat.

I would have loved to have heard my father tell his story. I have collected what fragments of the story I can, in honour of his memory.

Jane Lamb

Independent:

The parents of those pupils attending free schools, whether new or relatively new, need to be assured of the quality of education their children receive (“Hundreds set to start the year in new free schools”, 31 August). It is important that free schools be inspected on the same basis as other schools. Ofsted should draw up a common inspection framework which acknowledges the particular aims and purposes of each school, whatever its type, and provides an overall evaluation of how successful the school is in relation to these. Devising and implementing such a framework will not be easy but fairness demands it.

Professor Colin Richards

Spark Bridge, Cumbria

What happens if most of those in the region of Eastern Ukraine prefer to be associated with Moscow rather than Kiev (“Kremlin takes Kiev to the brink of war”, 31 August)? Can someone please explain how any coalition against Russia, based on Ukraine recovering territory in the east of the country, can be feasible when a significant majority of the inhabitants of that region primarily speak Russian and may not wish to be “liberated”? It is high time we ceased to talk about “nations” and “states” and instead worked towards federations and regions that reflect reality and have the potential of a lasting peace.

Michael Meadowcroft

Leeds

Our leaders seem intent on talking themselves into a war. Russia’s President Vladimir Putin is denounced as a cynical and aggressive expansionist. But look at the map of Europe, with 12 new Nato members since the fall of the Soviet Union, and many pushing right up to the Russian borders. General Sir Richard Shirreff (“Nato is at a crossroads”, 31 August) wants money poured into rearmament and restructuring of Nato forces so that they can fight “high-end conventional warfare”. Of course, as any simpleton knows, these days no conventional war in Europe could ever possibly turn nuclear. It is true that Shirreff does admit that “long term, we have to live with Russia”. Unfortunately it seems he believes that in the short term we have to die with them first.

Steve Edwards

Wivelsfield Green, East Sussex

DJ Taylor bemoans the lack of universal stars in this day and age (“Daddy, who was Richard Attenborough?”, 31 August). Could it be due to the fact that the media is much more fragmented, with individual newspapers and television shows no longer having followings of more than 10 million people? On the other hand, we have a culture which follows the dictum that everyone can be famous for 15 minutes. Not, of course, that today’s youngsters would know who said that, despite being aware of the contestants on this year’s Strictly Come Dancing!

Tim Mickleburgh

Grimsby, Lincolnshire

Donald MacLeod complains that Scotland’s disproportionate contribution to Britain’s wars “is never mentioned by war historians” (Letters, 31 August). On the first page of Niall Ferguson’s The Pity of War, 1914-18 (Penguin, 1998) the author comments on Scotland’s heavy casualty rate – exceeded only by Serbia and Turkey – and its commitment to the war effort in general. Maybe this was the only book on the war Mr MacLeod didn’t get round to reading.

Professor Alan Knight

St Antony’s College, Oxford

John Rentoul is spot on about the “anti-politics” politics that Ukip and Douglas Carswell are seeking to promote (“Could Carswell be a Trotskyite in disguise?”, 31 August). Short of making a revolution, the choices that would confront any Ukip-tinged government, in the unlikely event that such a thing might happen, would be different only in degrees from those currently facing David Cameron.

Some of those differences might well be quite significant – which is why as Rentoul notes, Carswell’s talk of it not mattering much who is in No 10 is so cynical – but they would still not be fundamental ones.

Keith Flett

London N17

Times:

A diplomatic avenue is vital to resolving the conflict in eastern Ukraine, which has seen destruction wrought by both sides A diplomatic avenue is vital to resolving the conflict in eastern Ukraine, which has seen destruction wrought by both sides (DMITRY BELIAKOV)

The West’s antagonism of Russia will only hurt Ukraine

I ENJOY Dominic Lawson’s columns but I must take issue with his analysis of the situation in Ukraine and more specifically Vladimir Putin’s credentials as a tactician (“Russian boys are dying, Mr Putin — and it’ll be your downfall”, Comment, last week).

I only had to look at another article in the same section (“What invasion?”, Focus) for evidence that contradicts his assertion that there is growing public dissatisfaction in Russia over the Ukraine conflict. It stated that “the military action has propelled Putin’s approval rating from 61% last November to a near record 84%”.

The West has to change its strategy to one of amelioration or it will be Ukraine that bears the brunt. Its economy will implode. I don’t understand why the West wants to poke the Russian bear. There has been talk about Ukraine joining Nato, and some of the more hysterical reporting on the downed Malaysia Airlines flight practically had Putin firing the missile.

At a time when the Middle East is in flames, with all the associated risks, we should be seeking to move closer to Russia, not alienating it.
Alexis Vatistas, London SE21

DIPLOMATIC MISSION

Western newspapers are being manipulated by Kiev over the events in Ukraine. Russia’s armed forces could take the country in a week if they wanted to, and they will not be deterred by a Nato rapid reaction force of 10,000 men. Why is it unacceptable for Russia to have concerns over the stability and safety of its borders? It’s time to end this foolish medieval jousting and to encourage some diplomacy.
Bill Haymes, Coventry

RULES OF ENGAGEMENT

While discussing the dissidents in eastern Ukraine, we should not forget our own ones in Northern Ireland. Thank God we were not burdened during the Troubles with summits between foreign leaders in distant parts of the world, with little grasp of the complex issues involved, discussing whether to arm the IRA or put “boots on the ground”.
Anne Downer, Shrewsbury

LIMITED OPTIONS

Putin is well aware that Europe is economically, politically and militarily weak. Barack Obama will not get involved. Europe should have known that pushing its influence into Russia’s back yard was likely to end in EU humiliation and Russia being emboldened. As a result, Crimea has gone, eastern Ukraine is likely to go and many have died.

Sanctions hurt both sides but as Russia is in effect a dictatorship, the people will have to put up with any hardship. If Putin is pushed too hard, the gas will be turned off. We need to escape from this EU foolishness — our influence is very limited.
Paul Ashfield, Harrogate

Tory fingers on the self-destruct button

WHAT is the matter with the Tories (“Dangerous game of the Trotskyites of the right”, Editorial, and “Rebel Tories hold Ukip gun to PM’s head over Europe”, News, last week)? Once again they are on a self-destructive course just when they should be celebrating an extraordinary recovery from the financial collapse that followed yet another disastrous socialist administration.

The UK is outperforming America and Germany, even though these countries had an economic boost from fracking, in the US, and cheap Russian gas, in Germany. This makes George Osborne the most successful chancellor since the war. Yet there were constant assertions from Professor David Blanchflower and Ed Balls, the shadow chancellor, among others, that the country would go into a double-dip recession if Osborne continued his policies. How wrong could anyone be?
George Davies, Loughton, Essex

COMPARE AND CONTRAST

Is there something about the air in Clacton that induces political madness? According to opinion polls, the Tory defector Douglas Carswell can expect to win for Ukip with a two-to-one majority in the by-election, in spite of his claims that he does not care who the next prime minister is because he thinks David Cameron and Ed Miliband are pretty much the same. I understood that Ukip’s — and therefore Carswell’s — key objective was to get out of Europe, so how strange to compare one leader who is prepared to offer a referendum on the EU to one who isn’t.

Given that Ukip is unlikely to form a government, or even to join a coalition, after the next general election, it’s hard to understand the motive behind Carswell’s treachery. Britain’s role in Europe will be decided by a referendum, not Nigel Farage’s barroom bragging.
John Azzopardi, Sorède, France

Kissinger ignores legacy of US interventions

HENRY KISSINGER (“The world in flames”, News Review, last week) gives us an instructive analysis of the ideologies currently driving jihadist movements. What he does not mention is that America during most of the last century and this has itself failed to observe the Westphalian principles of non-interference in the affairs of independent states and has often intervened to further its own ends.

It is not fanciful to think that this has contributed to the widespread resentment among young Muslims, which, although not justifying the present fanaticism, partly explains its emergence.

If we believe that democracy represents the way forward, maybe the only way to confront jihadists effectively is to admit our past errors and to promote our own values simply through argument, example and assistance. It will take time, but, as David Cameron says, we are in for a long struggle.
Mike Lynch, Waterbeach, Cambridge

POLICY FAILURE

Kissinger airbrushes the cynical French and British carve-up of the Near East after the traumatic collapse of the Ottoman sultanate. Likewise there is no mention of the US policy of supporting repressive regimes when they serve its purpose and overthrowing them when they cease to do so.
Alasdair Frew-Bell, Manchester

DOUBLE TAKE

Reflecting on the Middle East tinderbox, Kissinger makes no mention of Israel — a good example of US foreign-policy double standards. The Camp David peace protocols agreed on by America with Israel were completely ignored by the latter, and Kissinger assumed the nation’s power could not be challenged. Thus, no real peace ensued with the Palestinians.
Paul Harty Mqabba, Malta

Rotherham care workers not all apathetic

I AGREE with Camilla Cavendish’s article “How to make our children safe” (Focus, last week), apart from one point. Not all Rotherham care workers shrugged as the girls left the residential homes. One is stated as saying he ensured the men saw that he was noting down their car registration numbers. I understand the details were passed to the police but no action was taken. I don’t think that care workers are able to physically restrain the girls.

How many of these girls would have been better off staying with parents with help from the social services? We also need police action in Rotherham to arrest as many of these men as possible to send out a clear message that we will not tolerate this in our country. What is the point of having an age of consent if the police can then pretend they know better? If officers can spend time investigating Cliff Richard, they can reopen these cases.
Lynda Darnall, Aston, South Yorkshire

CASE FOR THE PROSECUTION

As a UK citizen of Pakistani origin and a father of a daughter, I do not understand why we are allowing this awful abuse. The police should investigate and prosecute these heinous acts regardless of race, colour or religion, and the whole community of whatever background should demand action.
Amir Kazmi, London W14

UNDER THE CARPET

Yet again vulnerable children were failed, not only by Denis MacShane, the former Labour MP for Rotherham, but by other elected representatives and agencies, too. It is a cover -up of criminal acts in order that these representatives can stay in power and carry on their comfortable, conscience-free lives. I don’t know how they sleep at night.
Yvonne Swain, Birmingham

ON TARGET

Thank you for distinguishing clearly that the abusers in Rotherham were Pakistani, not simply Asian, which is a very broad term for a huge continent.
Anand Srivastava, Hounslow, London

POLITICIANS IMPEDING MEDICAL ADVANCES

WE HOPE the exciting technology mentioned in your article “Artificial micro-humans may replace animals in lab tests” (News, last week) will become mainstream within three years as predicted. Meanwhile, other human-based technologies are already available that could be improving patient safety here and now. The impediment is not science but political will.

Public pressure to curb animal testing has been resisted for fear this would cost human lives, but a landmark study has revealed that apparent safety in animal tests provides no assurance of human safety. Thus patients are exposed to greater risks than previously realised, both in clinical trials and as consumers of medicines. We urge the government to act now to harness scientific advances that could reduce the toll of adverse drug reactions (ADRs), which kill more than 10,000 in the UK every year.

Across Europe, more people die of ADRs than of breast or prostate cancer — equivalent to the passengers of one jumbo jet every day.

Kathy Archibald, Director, Safer Medicines Trust,; Dr Kelly BéruBé, Director, Lung and Particle Research Group, Cardiff University; Dr Bob Coleman, UK Science Director, Safer Medicines Trust; Professor Michael Coleman, School of Life and Health Sciences, Aston University; Professor Chris Foster, Emeritus Professor of Pathology, Liverpool University; Professor Barbara Pierscionek, Associate Dean, Kingston University Faculty of Science, Engineering and Computing; Dr Katya Tsaioun, preclinical drug discovery research, Safer Medicines Trust; Professor Sir Ian Wilmut, Medical Research Council Centre for Regenerative Medicine, Edinburgh University

Points

DIFFICULT DECISIONS

We are pleased that wanted babies are given state-of-the- art care in a few hospitals (“Abortion reform call as record number of babies survive birth at 23 weeks”, News, last week). However, birth survival rates should not be the leading factor. Women make the decision to terminate their pregnancy at later stages for a variety of reasons such as domestic violence or ill health. Many face delays and barriers, including getting two doctors’ signatures — abortion being the only medical procedure that requires this. This is in a climate where one in five GPs declare they are anti-abortion and cuts to NHS services are affecting waiting times.
Kerry Abel, Abortion Rights, London E8

ANOTHER COUNTRY

Why do the imams who have placed a fatwa on Muslims joining Islamic State claim there is a moral duty for British Muslims to support the people of Iraq and Syria (“UK imams put fatwa on jihadists”, News, last week)? Surely what goes on in the Middle East is none of their business.
Dr Michael Paraskos, London SE7

Corrections and clarifications

In the article “Fully loaded” (Magazine, last week) we stated: “More police officers routinely carry weapons in the Metropolitan police service than in any other force in the UK — 2,155 out of a total of 31,000.” The figures related to England and Wales only. We apologise for the error.

Complaints about inaccuracies in all sections of The Sunday Times, including online, should be addressed to complaints@sunday-times.co.uk or Complaints, The Sunday Times, 1 London Bridge Street, London SE1 9GF. In addition, from tomorrow, the Independent Press Standards Organisation (Ipso) will examine formal complaints about the editorial content of UK newspapers and magazines. Click here for full details of how to lodge a complaint.

Birthdays

Marcel Desailly, footballer, 46; Michael Feinstein, singer and pianist, 58; Gloria Gaynor, singer, 65; Angela Gheorghiu, soprano, 49; Peter Gill, stage director and playwright, 75; Chrissie Hynde, singer, 63; Toby Jones, actor, 48; Julie Kavner, voice of Marge Simpson, 64; Sonny Rollins, jazz saxophonist, 84

Anniversaries

1533 birth of Elizabeth I; 1836 birth of Sir Henry Campbell-Bannerman, Liberal PM; 1838 Grace Darling helps her father row to the rescue of shipwreck survivors off Northumberland; 1936 birth of singer Buddy Holly; 1940 London Blitz begins; 1978 Bulgarian dissident Georgi Markov is poisoned with an umbrella in London

Telegraph:

PR independence trinkets are displayed by supporters outside the Birnam Highland Games in Perthshire, Scotland Photo: AFP/Getty

6:56AM BST 06 Sep 2014

CommentsComments

SIR – I am amazed that discussions on Scottish independence are so short-sighted, centred on the present state of the NHS, welfare cuts or current defence spending.

Are the Scottish people really deciding the irreversible future of their country on arguments about present Westminster policies? Can they not see beyond the next few years, and realise that prime ministers and governments change? Even President Salmond would not be in power for ever.

Richard Durley
Linton, Cambridgeshire

SIR – Contrary to Alex Salmond’s assertion that the Bank of England was established for the whole of Great Britain, it was actually founded in 1694, when Scotland had a parliament in Edinburgh and the bank’s jurisdiction did not extend north of the border.

Although privately owned until 1946, since 1844 it has been the only organisation licensed to issue bank notes in England and Wales. In 1845 three Scottish banks that already issued notes were licensed to continue doing so, provided that any excess over the notes issued before 1845 were matched by English notes, coins and interest-bearing securities held at the Bank of England.

With a severance of the Union, the Scots will still be able to continue to produce their own notes, without their necessarily being required to maintain the collateral in London. How soon would it be before the market discounted the Scottish notes and the “Scottish pound” began to fall in value?

Guy Sainty
London W1

Jacobean Joan

SIR – Joan Rivers’s advice, No man will ever put his hand up your dress looking for a library card,” has some lineage.

In his Playgoing in Shakespeare’s London, Andrew Gurr relates an anecdote from Peacham’s Compleat Gentleman (1622). A tradesman giving his wife leave to attend a play in the city warned her to have care of her purse. She returned to say she had lost it while sitting among some gallants in a box.

“Quoth her husband, ‘Where did you put it?’

‘Under my petticoat, between that and my smock.’

‘What (quoth he), did you feel nobody’s hand there?’

‘Yes (quoth she), I felt one’s hand there, but I did not think he had come for that.’ ”

Michael Harrison
Knaresborough, North Yorkshire

Sky-high prices

SIR – Having spotted an attractive bird-themed calendar for 2015 in our local newsagents, and thinking I had time on my side until the New Year, I took it to their post office counter and asked how much it would cost to send by sea to New Zealand.

After much shuffling of papers I was told there is no longer a sea-mail postage service to New Zealand and it would have to go by air. The cost of airmailing it was the same as for the calendar, bar a few pence. I put it back on the shelf.

Geraldine Guthrie
Winchester, Hampshire

Shark practice

SIR – “Sharks kill more men than women” (report, September 5). I think statistics will show that women kill more men than sharks.

Nigel Hawkins
Braunton, Devon

Colour of service

SIR – Until fairly recently, police uniforms were dark blue. Now they are black.

Blue is the traditional colour of service. What does black signify?

D A Edwards
Oxford

The Chinese contribution in the First World War

SIR – As we remember those who contributed in the Great War, I hope that due tribute will be paid to the thousands of members of the Chinese Labour Corps, many of whom helped to build the trenches in northern France. At least 2,000 are buried in war cemeteries in France, Belgium and England.

In early 1960 I was involved in the handover of the RAF’s No 3 Maintenance Unit at Milton, near Didcot, to the Army, and part of the real estate included a small Chinese camp and burial ground. The Chinese there were the descendants of members of the Chinese Labour Corps who had been allowed to settle in England after the war, and while my Army colleague was somewhat dismayed at the prospect of taking on responsibility for the camp, the transfer was an all-or-nothing deal.

I have often wondered what became of the Chinese camp and its inhabitants, and have occasionally tried to find it, though without success. I imagine that when the Army moved out and the depot became the Didcot industrial estate, the Chinese camp was bulldozed, but it would be interesting to know if anyone else has any memories of this little piece of history.

Air Cdre D M Waller RAF (rtd)
Arundel, West Sussex

SIR – The first British officer to win a Victoria Cross in the Great War was an Irishman, Lieutenant Maurice Dease, 4th Battalion Royal Fusiliers, posthumously awarded the VC for his gallantry at Nimy Bridge, August 23 1914.

The London Gazette reported: “Though two or three times badly wounded, he continued to control the fire of his machine guns at Mons on 23rd August, until all his men were shot. He died of his wounds.”

He is buried at St Symphorien Military Cemetery, Belgium.

Liam Nolan
Adare, Co Limerick, Ireland

Dusting off museum stores for object lessons

Let children examine artefacts up close for a better understanding of history

A Norman walrus-ivory game counter (c1175) and a salt cellar from 17th-century Benin

A Norman walrus-ivory game counter (c1175) and a salt cellar from 17th-century Benin  Photo: Carisbrooke Castle Museum/ the British Museum

6:59AM BST 06 Sep 2014

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SIR – The Dorman Museum at Middlesbrough used to run an excellent scheme which I used as a history teacher. We could borrow a whole box of artefacts, plus large posters to enhance our lessons (“History to be taught using 100 objects“). Thus, 11- and 12-year-olds could handle Egyptian mummified cats and Roman pottery. These boxes of delights were available for all schools in the area, and I used one box a year. Everything was carefully returned intact.

I hope that some of the objects gathering dust in museum stores will be put into circulation once more.

Christine Weightman
Ascot, Berkshire

Two US F-15C’s (L and R) and a Canadian F-18 (C) take part in a flypast over the Nato 2014 Summit at the Celtic Manor Resort in Newport, South Wales Photo: CARL COURT/AFP/Getty Images

7:00AM BST 06 Sep 2014

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IR – David Cameron’s bellicose rhetoric on the threat posed by Islamic State in Iraq and the Levant (Isil) and Islamist terrorists sounds increasingly meaningless. He promises to use everything we have in our armoury to wipe out Islamist terrorists.

This is just another example of Mr Cameron grandstanding and I have little confidence that he will be able to deliver.

Angus McPherson
Findon, West Sussex

SIR – The payment of ransoms to terrorist groups by Germany, Italy, France and Spain, contravening a G8 agreement, is an outrage. These countries have done this in the full knowledge that it is British and American citizens that are being murdered by the very terrorists such payments support.

We do not belong in any form of close political union with these countries.

Dr David Cottam
Dormansland, Surrey

SIR – During the Cold War, territorial expansion of the Soviet Union was prevented only by the presence of strong and committed Nato forces in Europe.

Those forces have now either departed or been severely weakened. Without the military might of the United States (less likely to be committed by President Barack Obama), Nato today is but a paper tiger, a fact that Vladimir Putin will be well aware of. Unless he is faced with robust, well-armed opposition in the east of Ukraine, it is likely that it will go the same way as Crimea.

Gp Capt Michael Clegg (retd)
Market Drayton, Shropshire

SIR – President Putin’s revelation that it is his nuclear forces that make him confident his policy will not lead to war with Nato cuts both ways; similar confidence in the underlying deterrent balance explains relative Western public calm before Russian tanks on the Ukrainian border. This confidence will remain rational only if the Western side of the balance is carefully maintained.

This, combined with a dwindling American focus on Europe, ought to put paid to talk of not modernising British forces or of inferior prescriptions such as a three-boat force or cruise missiles.

To maintain our guard, however, will be expensive, and strain an already depleted military budget. It would be intolerable to add the cost of relocating the Clydeside bases should Scotland vote “Yes”. I hope that, in that event, a robust UK approach to the details of independence would demand a free, long-term British sovereign base status, or another guarantee for the nuclear facilities.

If an independent Scotland proved unwilling to make this contribution to our collective security, our fellow European Union members and Nato allies would surely understand our vetoing any Scottish application to join those organisations.

Professor Sir Laurence Martin
London WC1

Irish Times:

Irish Independent:

Madam – Right now An Taoiseach is donning his ‘worried face’. (This is carried in a briefcase by an advisor who is never further than fifty feet away from him.)

Our Great Caring Leader says we must not put Irish UN troops at risk on the Golan Heights and claims ministers are wondering whether we are facing an Irish version of ‘Dutch Srebenica.’

He is correctly concerned for the safety of our troops. But the broader picture which would be presented by a UN withdrawal is somewhat more complex. Peacekeeping is not a hobby which employs a few of the lads and lassies in exotic locales. It reflects the overall reality of how this planet is managed. This is as relevant to Irish bread and butter issues as the more obvious concerns.

During the summer, we were ice-bucketed with squeals and squeaks demanding that the so-called international community do something about various global threats.

But there is neither the political will nor the executive, economic, financial or military power to do anything significant. And the advocates of ‘might is right’ have nothing but contempt for the genteel, ineffective and largely aspirational international community.

The reality of the 21st century is that whatever we do in this tiny, open Irish national entity is entirely dependent upon external forces and conditions, and that we could be set utterly at naught by even the most minor shock or failure of that old international community.

The ‘heavies’ who prowl our global jungle looking for prey are facing only paper kittens – and they know it too. The UN, the EU and the USA can and will do nothing. The real politics must address the failure of himankind to manage this otherwise doomed planet.

At a time when we must make the quantum leap towards building a genuine international community, all we seem to get from our political elite is ignorance, incomprehension, indifference and silence.

Where are the young Irish men and women who will have to live in this world and work to pass on what they can save to their grandchildren?

Maurice O’Connell, Tralee, Co Kerry

Sunday Independent



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8 September 2014 More books

I jog around the park I still have arthritis in my left knee, but I manage to get round the park. A sunny but cool day. I potter around not doing very much at all I get some books

Mary’s back not much better today, rabbitfor tea and her back pain is still there.

Obituary:

Frank Constantine – obituary

Frank Constantine was a gallery director who let local residents borrow art for their own living rooms

Frank Constantine, director of Sheffield City Art Galleries, in 1982

Frank Constantine, director of Sheffield City Art Galleries, in 1982 Photo: SHEFFIELD NEWSPAPERS

5:51PM BST 07 Sep 2014

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Frank Constantine, who has died aged 95, contrived during 18 years as director of Sheffield City Art Galleries to rebuild and expand collections depleted by war damage through canny purchases, and fostered a lively cultural programme that earned the city a national reputation in the art world.

For much of this time he worked in tandem with Enid Hattersley (the formidable mother of Roy Hattersley), who chaired the city council’s Libraries and Arts Committee. Constantine’s courtly, twinkling yet firm manner was the perfect foil to his chairman’s well-meaning garrulousness; and the combination of her political backing and his own shrewd building of connections through the Arts Council achieved much.

Constantine’s signal achievement came early in his tenure with the reopening of the Mappin Gallery, whose Victorian collections had been heavily depleted when the building took a direct hit during the Blitz.

Working with Lewis Womersley, Sheffield’s modernistic city architect, he created white interlinked open spaces for modern and contemporary works. For what was left of the original collection they conjured up what a later keeper of the Mappin termed “not a gallery of Victorian art, but a Victorian’s idea of contemporary art”. In 2002 the Mappin would be absorbed by Weston Park Museum.

With funds available for purchases until the city hit hard times soon after his retirement in 1982, Constantine showed his genius in the saleroom. He found Pre-Raphaelites to fill a major and surprising gap in the city’s collections, and picked up Matisses and other Impressionists, a collection of Persian pottery and contemporary works by the likes of Auerbach and Caulfield at modest prices. He once kept costs down by purchasing a diptych in two halves, persuading the dealer that, once he had bought the first, no one else would bid for the second.

A particular innovation was a scheme under which Sheffield residents, for a nominal fee, could borrow paintings from the city collection not shown in the galleries and hang them in their living rooms for a few months.

Frank Constantine

Harry Francis Constantine was born at Nether Green, Sheffield, on February 11 1919, the youngest son of the watercolourist George Hamilton Constantine and his wife Catherine. From High Storrs Grammar School he studied at Sheffield Art College, becoming an accomplished landscape painter. His first job, however, was illustrating a furniture catalogue.

Constantine joined the Royal Engineers and saw war service from 1944 with the Inter-Services Liaison Department, an arm of MI6, in North Africa, Palestine, Syria and Italy.

After demobilisation he trained as a conservator at the Courtauld, then joined his father, who by then was director of Sheffield’s main Graves Gallery. He oversaw the rebuilding of the Mappin as deputy director, and by the time he took over as director of both galleries in 1964 had not only a total grasp of the strengths and deficiencies of the city’s collections, but also a clear vision of what could be achieved with them.

Constantine made the fullest use of those collections through a vigorous art education programme with a reach beyond the middle-class west of the city. Meanwhile, his active role on Arts Council panels brought to Sheffield a succession of popular touring exhibitions, notably of Landseer in 1972 and Alma-Tadema in 1976. The culmination of his directorship was the first British Arts Show in 1979, and the following year the exhibition Homespun to Highspeed: A Century of British Design, created with the Sheffield designer David Mellor and his wife Fiona McCarthy.

From 1991 to 2005 Constantine was a director of the Guild of St George, a charity for arts, crafts and the rural economy founded by John Ruskin. He was appointed OBE in 1981.

Frank Constantine married his wife Eileen in 1946; she died in 2009, and he is survived by their two sons and two daughters. An exhibition of his acquisitions is to be staged next year at the Graves Gallery.

Frank Constantine, born February 11 1919, died July 26 2014

Guardian:

Commuters struggle with floods in Dhaka Flash flooding in Dhaka, Bangladesh, 27 August 2014. Photograph: Firoz Ahmed/ Demotix/Corbis

Later this month world leaders will gather in New York for a historic summit on climate change. This is an opportunity to inspire key decision-makers to act in the face of a growing climate crisis that threatens almost every aspect of our lives. Politicians all over the world cite a lack of public support as a reason not to take bold action against climate change. So on 21 September we will meet this moment with unprecedented public mobilisations in cities around the world, including thousands of people on the streets of London. Our goal is simple – to demonstrate the groundswell demand that exists for ambitious climate action.

From New York and London to Paris, Berlin, Delhi and Melbourne we’ll demonstrate demand for an economy that works for people and the planet; a world safe from the ravages of climate change; a world with good jobs, clean air and water, and healthy communities. There is only one ingredient that is required: to change everything, we need everyone. History is our proof that the impossible is smaller than we think. The abolition of slavery. The end of apartheid. The spread of universal suffrage. All proof that the future is ours to shape. We just need to step out and claim it.
Ricken Patel Executive director, Avaaz, David Babbs Executive director, 38 Degrees, John Sauven Executive director, Greenpeace-UK, Matthew Frost Chief executive, Tearfund, Mark Goldring Chief executive, Oxfam, Justin Forsyth CEO, Save the Children, David Nussbaum CEO, WWF-UK, Neil Thorns Chair, The Climate Coalition, Chris Bain Director, Cafod, Loretta Minghella CEO, Christian Aid, Andy Atkins Executive director, Friends of the Earth, Claire James Campaign against Climate Change, Sam Fairbairn National secretary, People’s Assembly Against Austerity

• Zoe Williams makes a compelling case for an energy revolution (Pessimism won’t do. We need an energy revolution, 1 September). Behind a PR smokescreen of getting tough on energy companies, it’s clear that both the government and the Labour frontbench are bending over backwards to keep the Big Six energy giants content. It’s little wonder that people feel pessimistic. A major transformation of the way the UK generates its heat and power is essential. Fuel poverty is rife and the UK is languishing near the bottom of renewable energy league tables – costing jobs, as well as endangering our credibility on tackling climate change.

Above all, what we need is a revolution in ownership of our energy system. If the main parties were really on the side of consumers, community ownership and decentralised energy would be at the heart of their energy proposals – not just the very periphery.

In July, the Institute for Public Policy Research set out clear plans for how cities and local authorities can provide an alternative to the Big Six and create a cleaner, smarter and more affordable energy system. Later this month, Community Energy Fortnight will celebrate success stories of locally owned energy from across the UK – projects such as the Brighton Energy Co-operative that provide a glimpse of an incredibly positive alternative energy future, where people are active producers and not just passive consumers. Profits are reinvested locally, rather than going into the pockets of multinational shareholders. The problem isn’t that we don’t know what policy changes are needed to give all local communities, villages, towns and cities the ability to generate their own heat and power from local renewable energy sources. What’s lacking is the political will to stand up to the Big Six.
Caroline Lucas MP
Green, Brighton Pavilion

• Matt Gorman, sustainability director at Heathrow – itself an oxymoron –misstates the Committee on Climate Change concerning runway expansion in the south-east (Letters, 4 September). The committee has established a legal limit of 37.5m tonnes of CO2 a year to cover all UK civil aviation emissions through to 2050, to ensure aviation growth fits within the targets for overall greenhouse gas reduction. Current annual aviation emissions are around 33m tonnes a year, so while it might just about be possible to allocate the available headroom – approximately 4.5m tonnes – to an additional runway anywhere in the south-east, which the CCC has said could happen mathematically, this would mean no further aviation CO2 budget for expansion elsewhere in the UK. A busy third runway at Heathrow or a second at Gatwick would very likely soak all this up. We cannot find any statement or form of words that would support Mr Gorman’s claim that the CCC supports a third runway at Heathrow airport.
Jeffrey Gazzard
Board member, Aviation Environment Federation

• Guy Standing (Comment, 5 September) makes some useful suggestions how the fruits of fracking could at least be more fairly distributed than was the case of North Sea oil. One further suggestion: the first use of any profit should be to fund alternative forms of energy for a time when there is no recoverable oil or gas.
Richard Bull
Woodbridge, Suffolk

Why are the media almost silent about the Transatlantic Trade and Investment Partnership being negotiated by the EU and the US? The TTIP represents a massive attack on the sovereignty of democratically elected governments; it will be irreversible. Attempts to harmonise standards between the EU and the US are likely to hit hard-won protections on food and chemical safety (eg in cosmetics, insecticides and pesticides), the environment, and workers’ rights. US agribusiness is pressing hard for Europe to import currently illegal GM products, and meat that does not conform to EU standards, such as chlorine-washed chicken and cattle raised with growth hormones.

The threat of litigation against states which pass laws in the public interest that could impact on corporation profits is particularly insidious. Already, Quebec is being sued for deciding to ban fracking, and tobacco company Philip Morris is suing the Australian government for trying to protect public health by legislation on the marketing of cigarettes. Germany is being sued because of its policies on nuclear power; Slovakia’s public health system is being challenged by commercial interests. Such cases could become commonplace, with profits being placed firmly above people, and commercial interests overriding national law.

Apparently, Ed Miliband hopes for an NHS opt-out clause, but it is doubtful the EU would make this a high priority in talks. We hope that all our political leaders agree that it should be democratically elected governments that decide what services should be publicly owned and managed, in the public interest, not international corporations.
Neville Grant
London

This undated museum archive handout pict Scratching the surface of abstraction: Neanderthal rock engraving, Gibraltar. Photograph: Stewart Finlayson/AFP/Getty Images

Steve Rose’s round-up of new films featuring trade unions (Lights, cameras, industrial action, G2, 5 September; Letters, 6 September) would have been strengthened by the inclusion of Still the Enemy Within, Owen Gower’s documentary about the miners’ strike, partially funded by donations from the major British unions. Released next month, it coincidentally features Mike Jackson of Lesbians and Gays Support the Miners, whose story is fictionalised in Pride. Rose might also have mentioned that, off-screen, staff at the Ritzy in London, the UK’s most successful arthouse cinema, have been campaigning for a living wage from Picturehouse owners Cineworld. Strikes and unions are neither just a historical nor a fictional issue.
Sophie Mayer
London

• Re the news that the oldest “abstract art”, attributed to Neanderthals, has been found in Gibraltar (Report, 3 September): you have forgotten that on 11 January 2002 you published a piece headed “The world’s first artwork found in Africa”, about a piece of engraved red ochre from Blombos Cave on the south coast of South Africa, dated 77,000 years before the present. The Gibraltar engraving is a mere 40,000 years old. As always, H sapiens was ahead of the game.
John Picton
Emeritus professor of African art, SOAS, University of London

• “Angry Hodgson” (front page, Sport, 5 September); “Miserable Murray” (back page). Maybe there are some happier sportswomen? It is hard to find out as a Guardian reader, though. No women again in the entire Sport section.
Rebecca Higgins
Rushden, Northamptonshire

Michael Kustow

Highbrow argument: Michael Kustow in 1968, as director of the ICA. Photograph: Chris Morris/Rex

Jeremy Isaacs writes: Channel 4 was charged, by Act of Parliament, with providing a “distinctive” service; as its commissioning editor for the arts, Michael Kustow did much to make that promise good. His thinking was bold, his ambition high. Peter Brook’s Hindu saga, The Mahabharata; Peter Hall’s masked Oresteia; Pina Bausch‘s Bluebeard’s Castle and Tony Harrison’s V, directed by Richard Eyre, tumbled on to the screen one after the other. BBC2 commissioned an opera from Harrison Birtwistle, Yan Tan Tethera, but declined to broadcast it. Kustow snapped it up for Channel 4; the television version we made was simulcast with the BBC’s Radio 3. He brought together the artist Tom Phillips and the film-maker Peter Greenaway to attempt A TV Dante: eight episodes of The Inferno resulted. Kustow behaved as a patron of the arts in a grand manner.

Himself an unreconstructed egghead, Kustow also offered highbrow argument. The programme Voices began with Al Alvarez chairing a debate, with George Steiner, Mary McCarthy and Joseph Brodsky, on the effect on artists of dictatorship. Six series of Voices were screened at 11pm. And there were programmes such as Psychoanalysis Today (Michael Ignatieff) and Philosophy Today (John Searle). Thoughtful viewers in those days owed much to Michael Kustow. He deserves to be remembered for it.

Tony Gordon writes: In the 1970s, Michael Kustow generously answered an optimistic plea from Colin Jellicoe and myself (who both owned small galleries) to visit us in Manchester to discuss a possible exhibition of northern based artists at the National Theatre. He was the NT exhibitions director at the time.

Where to go for lunch? He suggested Armenian, as part of his family had originated from Armenia and he loved the food. At the time, Colin and I were both struggling financially and couldn’t really afford the restaurant, but luckily Arto der Haroutunian, the restaurant owner, happened to be one of our artists. Michael proved great company, very entertaining and most gracious.

In due course, the exhibition was organised and filled the foyers of the NT. Looking back, it was not the greatest of exhibitions and was rightly slated by Time Out. However, the knock-on effect was my contemporary jewellery exhibition Dazzle which stayed for 32 years at the NT, until it moved along the South Bank last year to the Oxo building.

Bernard Regan writes: In the last 10 years Michael Kustow and I worked together on a number of projects. One was Another Israel, a meeting at the NUT headquarters in Euston Road, London, which gave a platform to speakers from Israel opposed to the policies of the Israeli government. Michael organised the filming of the event, which was packed. He was supportive of all those who wanted to open the debate within the Jewish community about what was happening to the Palestinian people and of those within Israel who sought to question their government’s actions.

Michael visited Israel and the West Bank and took a close interest in the Freedom theatre in Jenin. I think he made a political journey, too – always questioning and challenging, but engaged and never negative. He brought his wide interest in the arts to bear on how he thought about the issues and how he sought to engage people in a dialogue and discussion about them.

Mike Westbrook writes: One of Mike Kustow’s projects was an English version of Roger Planchon‘s surrealist opera about Al Capone, Mama Chicago. The original music and the songs had got lost, so Mike wrote new lyrics and asked me to write the music. The piece had been commissioned by the Crucible theatre, Sheffield. I duly wrote the score, and my group the Brass Band was booked to play for the show, on-stage. At the last minute the theatre’s director got cold feet about the possible impact of this avant-garde production on the provincial audience and pulled the plug.

The Mama Chicago songs stayed on the shelf until Kate Westbrook and I had the idea of using them as the basis for a jazz cabaret, a form of music-theatre, incorporating improvisation, that we had been developing with the band. The show was first staged at Charles Marowitz‘s Open Space theatre, a disused post office by Warren Street tube. We invited Michael to the premiere, having told him nothing of our plans. To our great relief, he loved the show, and did not seem to mind a bit that we had reworked some of his lyrics as stand-alone songs rather than parts of an operatic scenario.

At the Edinburgh festival in 1978, Mama Chicago won the Fringe award. Over the succeeding years, Kate, Phil Minton and I, with a succession of bands, gave frequent London performances, and toured the jazz cabaret throughout France, Germany, Italy, Switzerland and Scandinavia, and once to Australia. It was filmed for BBC TV, broadcast on radio, and recorded as a double album. In fact, Mama Chicago was one of our most successful projects.

It pleased Michael that the piece he had sparked off reached such a wide audience. His text for Song of the Rain, featured in the show by Phil Minton, is a work of genius – poignant, witty, and soulful. One of the last times we met was at the Theatre Museum in Covent Garden for the launch of his Peter Brook biography. At Mike’s request, Kate sang Song of the Rain. He described that lyric as “God given”. He has left us a great theatre song to remember him by.

Independent:

Whenever I hear about the imminent dissolution of the UK, my mood sinks. I was born in a country that split in two when I was six. The divorce of Czechs and Slovaks did not immediately hurt me as much as it did my parents (and especially my grandparents) who were born in a proud country but, more importantly, a relatively strong country, with a certain vision and a great potential.

What remained after the separation was a strange emptiness: two weak sister nations without any meaningful aspirations or ambitions and with extremely limited power to determine their fates, but with almost twice as many politicians and bureaucrats getting more power and opportunities for themselves.

When I was growing up, it was the period of Cool Britannia, inspiring the young generation all over the world. It gave rise to what is today one of the most valuable brands in the world. Surprisingly, there has never been any need for a special campaign. The advert has been displayed by millions of volunteers on their badges, T-shirts, handbags, socks, umbrellas or even underwear for free.

The Union Jack is arguably the most popular flag in the world, not only because of its likeable design, but more importantly for what it represents.

The secession of Scotland would not only constitute an unwelcome disturbance to the audience that follows the story of the country they like, but more importantly, it would harm a fragile balance of power in Europe. The UK, as a power that has helped to prevent the rise of any potential hegemony on the Continent at several critical moments of modern history, would be largely neutralised.

If we lose the UK in its current form, the dominance of France and especially Germany in the EU is going to increase beyond a healthy level.

I may never see Czechoslovakia on the map of the world again. However, if the Scottish voters decide to secede, this cannot be the final outcome of the Union’s story. To us, it would only be the start of a quest for a reunion – the only possible happy ending for the inhabitants of the British Isles and of Europe.

Petr Witz, Domazlice, Czech Republic

The Scots will vote yes. And the rest of us will owe them a debt of gratitude. Their vote will send symbolically, in the only effective way our current democratic system permits, these messages to all our politicians:

We want not a change of government, but a change of politics. You lack the competence to run the country, and the vision to lead it. You lied to us and deceived us into an illegal war. You cheated and stole from us. A privileged, privately educated 7 per cent permanently holds up to 73 per cent of positions of power. Our representative democracy entrenches a profoundly unrepresentative power structure. The privileged power elite are not held accountable or punished for their venality, incompetence or mistakes.

We are justly proud of our NHS and the inspirational ideals that underpin it. We want those principles preserved, not undermined by subversive privatisation.

Good luck, Scotland. We respect your courage and admire your confidence.

Keith Farman, St Albans, Hertfordshire

Over 100 years ago one of Scotland’s most principled sons, Keir Hardie, became MP for Merthyr Tydfil, a Welsh constituency at the heart of the South Wales mining community. He was not Welsh and did not speak Welsh but he did share a socialist dream that did not stop or begin at national borders. He went on to change the face of British politics, but he also taught us that there is more that unites us than what can ever divide us.

Soon Scotland will have the choice of remaining within the UK or going it alone. What it decides will have a profound effect on the working-class people of the rest of Britain. Without the red army of Scottish Labour MPs, the chances of any future progressive government being elected at Westminster would be much reduced.

As a proud Brit and Welshman, I urge you to keep sending more Scottish working-class heroes, like Hardie, to our British Parliament. Please don’t leave us now. Together we can achieve more than we can being alone.

Rob Curtis, Labour Councillor, Vale of Glamorgan Council, Barry, South Wales

NHS has a case of chronic myopia

It would be reassuring to think that the sad case of Ashya King and the myopic attitude of the NHS to proton therapy was a rare event, but it illustrates the flawed process through which some treatment programmes are supported and others rejected.

When I developed severe angina almost 10 years ago, I discovered that some doctors in the US routinely reverse the condition, that their patients do not need stents or bypasses and take minimum medication, and that their methods had been published in medical journals.

I followed their treatment plan, reversed my heart disease and resumed a normal life in less than six months. Needless to say, the method is not part of the NHS programme.

My neighbour and her son had both been diagnosed as type-one diabetics and had been injecting themselves with insulin for 15 years. Using methods published in medical literature, but again not currently part of the NHS programme, they were able to give up insulin and bring their blood sugar levels into a normal range through lifestyle changes alone.

Why is it so difficult to get the NHS to open its mind to treatments that can benefit patients and save money but are not part of its current practice?

Why do patients need to look to other countries to find more enlightened solutions to their health problems?

Peter Lewis, Cardiff

Nato’s rapid – and dangerous – reaction

Your cartoonist Ben Jennings is off the mark in lampooning Nato’s rapid reaction force as a tortoise with a couple of rockets attached. Neither militarily nor politically is this correct. Britain is taking the lead, with 1,000 troops and UK officers in charge.

This is combined with another semi-permanent deployment of Nato forces on training exercises in eastern Europe, including another 3,500 from Britain, as well as an open invitation to all countries on Russia’s borders to join Nato. If I were Putin, I’d feel obliged to increase force levels and look for further support to strengthen my borders.

Politically, this has been an extremely rapid reaction, with David Cameron consulting neither Parliament nor the wider public. All this amounts to a dangerous, British-led provocation and escalation, when what is needed is empathy and careful diplomacy.

Quentin Deakin, Tywyn, Gwynedd

The only obstacle to Putin’s dream of recreating a Russian Empire is Nato.

His scheming is all based on provoking some sort of reaction by a Nato country to his military activity, albeit by alleged separatists.

So far, he has got away with invading part of a country whose independence was guaranteed by Russia, shooting down a civilian airliner with more than 200 dead, and all the death and destruction in Ukraine.

Nato will be declared an enemy of Russia after some minor response, whereupon he will claim justification for cutting off gas supplies to western Europe. At which point, he hopes, Germany, France et al will think twice about the merits of belonging to Nato, compared with frozen homes, industries and economies.

Laurence Shields, Wingerworth, Derbyshire

No benefit payout unless you pay in

Yet another think tank favours a radical change in how the NHS and healthcare should be funded. The answer in all such “radical” debates, however, seems to be increasing the tax burden on the working public.

Why doesn’t government address the basic problem – that is, getting more people contributing to the tax system?

People who have never contributed to the system draw on state benefits. Get these people out of the benefits system and into employment, and tax those who will benefit; ie, if you haven’t paid in, then there’s no paying out.

Ron Connelly, Dalgety Bay, Fife

Two comedians and double standards

Alice Jones’s piece on Joan Rivers in the 6 September edition, the same one in which you had an article on the “anti-Semitic French comedian’ Dieudonné M’bala M’bala (“Comedian may face prosecution over sketch about Isis executions”), suggested double standards at work.

For Rivers, everything was “game for a gag”, including dead Palestinians. I struggle to find humour in the statements of either “comedian”. But M’Bala M’Bala is always labelled anti-Semitic. Why, then, is Rivers not denounced for what was by any standards a vile racist rant? Instead, we are told that it was an attempted gag in which she “stumbled badly”.

Is it not time we called a vile racist rant what it is, and denounce whoever makes it for racism?

Keith Jacobsen, New Barnet

Times:

Sir, The news that some disillusioned jihadists are seeking ways of returning to Britain offers the government a possible way out of its legal impasse (“Let us come home, say young British jihadists”, Sept 5). Given their reported belief that “if they died fighting other rebels or jihadist groups they might not qualify for martyrdom and its benefits in paradise”, there is clearly a long way to go before these fighters are ready to be reintegrated into society.

Nevertheless the fact that they seem prepared to undergo mandatory deradicalisation programmes and continuing surveillance by the British authorities suggests that it would be worthwhile instituting a rehabilitation programme rather than simply denying British passport-holders the right of return, which would almost certainly be illegal.

Components of the programme would need to include a channel of communication for willing returnees to identify themselves and to make safe and secure arrangements for their return to the UK; formal arrest on arrival in the UK and remand to a dedicated secure detention facility to enable thorough debriefing, rehabilitation and assessment of returnees prior to release (or charge where appropriate); and continuing surveillance after release until the authorities are satisfied that an individual presents no security threat.

The government is right to take a tough line on terrorism and to refuse re-entry if a suspected jihadist would not be rendered stateless, but for British passport-holders who wish to return there must be a way of facilitating this while at the same time ensuring the safety of the public. Michael Patterson Swineshead, Lincs

Sir, The idea that we might seek to reintegrate young British Muslims who become disillusioned with killing in Syria and elsewhere is the utmost folly (“Experts raise fears over strategy to deal with Jihadists back from war”, Sept 6).

Aside from providing a clear route for terrorists back into the UK, it would also send the unambiguous signal that going off to experiment with murderous jihad abroad was a viable gap year option.

Shaun Gregory
Professor of International Relations
Durham University

Sir, What an opportunity to demonstrate the contrast between the brutal, unforgiving philosophy of the “Islamic State” and the compassionate civilisation of a Christian based society. The proverb of the prodigal son springs immediately to mind.

Moreover, the pragmatic view that there is no stronger instrument of transformation than a mind driven by idealistic fervour that has been changed by the personal experience of a very different reality is one that should not be dismissed by equally entrenched dogma on behalf of our own authorities.

Many of the young men who went out to fight were disillusioned by the British reticence to engage in the early days of the Syrian uprising, and very likely felt disempowered in their personal lives.

A compassionate and intelligent understanding of their motives, as expressed by the German model, would be much more constructive in defeating extremism than a punitive response to their desire to return to what they now seem happy to consider “home”. Putting them in prison is not the answer, but learning how to deal constructively with their undoubtedly traumatising experiences would be educative for us all.

AMS Hutton-Wilson
Evercreech, Somerset

Sir, Rather than the poorly conceived Kansai airport (letter, Sept 5), surely Hong Kong’s Chek Lap Kok airport is a more apt comparison with “Boris Island”. This massive project was planned, designed and substantially constructed under British rule using mainly UK-based consultants. The logistical constraints were greater than the proposed new London airport. I worked for a construction company on the new airport, and like all the contractors, our only access to the site was by boat and barge. To reach Chek Lap Kok, new underground and overground rail lines, highways, bridges and tunnels were built (at one time 91 per cent of the world’s dredger vessels were working in Hong Kong waters). The new airport lifted Hong Kong into the top rank of international airports and was a massive boost to Hong Kong’s economy after the handover in 1997. The airport’s infrastructure was also the spur to large new developments served by the new road and rail links. This would be true for “Boris Island” too.

Surely if all this could be achieved by us in Hong Kong, we could do it equally well on our home turf?

Brian Sobey

Huyton, Liverpool

Sir, Alex Salmond is keen to compare an independent Scotland with Norway (“Why Scotland will never be Norway”, Sept 6).

Yet why has no one pointed out that the average price of a “pint” in Norway is two to three times that in the UK? Chris Hawkins Newton Aycliffe, Co Durham

Sir, My late Scottish grandfather perhaps held the key to saving the Union. He declared: “You will nay persuade a Scotsman by smothering him in kisses or threatening him with a stick”.

When I, a cheeky wee boy, asked him why then he had married an English woman, he replied: “Laddie, it was the clink of coin”. Roger Macdonald Richmond, Surrey

14

Sir, Bettany Hughes (report, Sept 5) notes that Ancient Greek women were “kept not only covered, but veiled”. By the time of the Byzantine empire women lived almost entirely separately from men. When the Ottoman Turks conquered Constantinople in 1453 they imitated these Greek practices and forced Muslim women, who had previously been treated with much greater equality and respect, to wear veils and remain hidden in the Zenana or Harem.

Many other inclusive and democratic aspects of the earliest days of Islam, Christianity and Judaism seem to have been forgotten by modern practitioners of those faiths while negative innovations, imposed by later bigots, are mistaken for doctrine.

Ralph Lloyd-Jones

Nottingham

Sir, I am moved to ask why a decapitation scene (report, Sept 5) was contemplated, let alone included, in a multigenerational series such as Doctor Who, in the first place?

Peter Graham-Woollard

Colwinston, Vale of Glamorgan

Telegraph:

Aftermath of explosion in Allepo, Syria’s largest city Photo: AP

6:57AM BST 07 Sep 2014

CommentsComments

SIR – Frank Tomlin (Letters, August 31) compares the current situation with Syria to the one confronting Winston Churchill in 1941, when Germany invaded the Soviet Union – a world power, with a large population and vast territory, which bore more than its fair share in the eventual defeat of Germany and its allies.

There is no possible comparison between Russia then and Syria now – a small nation with a president who cannot even control his own country.

Valentine Ramsey
Sherborne, Dorset

SIR – David Cameron said the Government will do all it can to save the British hostage being held by Islamic State (telegraph.co.uk, September 2). He then contradicted himself by saying it will not consider a ransom. Can he not at least be honest?
Dr Michael Ford
Villeneuve-sur-Lot, Lot-et-Garonne, France

Bored by border talk

SIR – The chaos in Britain’s border controls has been well documented for many years. Ministers, politicians and civil servants always have plenty to say about how to overcome the problems – and yet nothing ever changes.

Ken Shuttleworth
St Albans, Hertfordshire

SIR – Some years ago, when renewing my South African residency permit, I was asked for details of all flights I had made to and from South Africa over the previous decade. When I said I had no such records, a print-out appeared with all details listed: flight numbers, airlines, dates and times.

I am sure South African Home Affairs could recommend a suitable computer programme to the British Home Secretary.

David Edwards
White Roding, Essex

Designer babies

SIR – On the topic of “three-parent babies” one prospective applicant said: “It is a leap into the unknown, but this is progress.” One can sympathise with her wish not to pass on a devastating disability, but does this solution really represent progress?

As Dr David King warns, it would undoubtedly herald “designer babies”, a trend already evident in surrogacy arrangements where “superior” qualities are requested and disabled children are rejected.

The experience of parents who have lost several children to genetic conditions is tragic, but at least to them each child was a child with special needs – not a failed experiment.

Ann Farmer
Woodford Green, Essex

Who’ll let Red Ed in?

SIR – Contrary to what Matthew d’Ancona believes (Opinion, August 31), David Cameron and other top Tories will be to blame if Ed Miliband ends up in No 10, not those voters who have been driven into the arms of Ukip as a result of the “modernisation” of the Conservative Party.

As for the famous promised in-out EU referendum, I don’t know anyone who believes that this will actually happen.

Brian Jones
Pontardawe, Glamorgan

A noxious problem

SIR – Sue Doughty (Letters, August 31) makes some observations about waste incineration that may be less than helpful.

While burning waste may solve the problem of noxious fumes brought about by landfill, it actually generates noxious chemicals during the burning process. A better solution would be to remove the biodegradable material in waste and anaerobically digest it. This would cleanly collect the noxious fumes, which can be used for the generation of energy.

The ash that remains after burning is contaminated by dioxins, furans and heavy metals, which may make it unsuitable for further use.

Mrs Doughty rightly points out that land is a valuable commodity, but landfill may still be the best way to store waste plastics temporarily to be reused in the future.

I would contend that there is no such thing as “waste disposal” – only waste treatment and storage. Incineration is neither; it is a white elephant that achieves no ultimate good.

John A C Beattie
Bishop’s Cleeve, Gloucestershire

SIR – I went to Canada as a war bride in 1946 and in Winnipeg found that some homes were being heated by waste from city incinerators.

This was over 60 years ago and still we have not followed suit.

Dorothy McDowell
Walsall, West Midlands

Anti-seagull snack

SIR – During the Second World War, marauding seagulls diving to snatch sandwiches (Letters, August 31) were a nuisance to many coastal anti-aircraft and searchlight crews.

The problem was solved by letting them steal sandwiches laced with baking powder.

The seagulls, incapable of burping, soon got the message, and, being intelligent birds, quickly passed it on.

Kevin Heneghan
St Helens, Lancashire

Ashya King’s parents were treated unfairly

SIR – Are we now to assume that any parents who choose to remove their child from hospital, even in the absence of any court order, will be arrested?

Ashya King’s parents seem to have acted exactly as any of us would in this situation.

R H Cornish
Coleford, Gloucestershire

SIR – The NHS not only denied a specific, potentially life-saving, treatment to Ashya King, it also demanded that his parents abandon their hope of getting the treatment elsewhere. A case of “our way, or no way”.

Martin Burgess
Beckenham, Kent

Making tax taxing

SIR – The abolition of car tax disc is ridiculous. The current system is perfectly straightforward and has lasted nearly 100 years, but is to be replaced by police cars tracking us all over the place causing all sorts of chaos and embarrassment.

Roy Widdup
Hadleigh, Essex

SIR – In future, if I sell a car in the middle of the month, I will need to reclaim the remaining value of the tax disc from the DVLA – but it will only refund whole months. Whoever buys my car will have to get a new tax disc – but will have to pay from the beginning of the month.

The Government will profit from two lots of tax paid for the same car on the same month.

Duncan Anderson
East Halton, Lincolnshire

Key priorities

SIR – Having recently lost the key for my 19th-century pocket watch, I went to see about a replacement. I told the watchmaker it was a number six, so he gave me a number four.

A recent Brussels directive has revised the numbering of watch keys: the range of sizes is unchanged, but the numbering is simply inverted. This news will gladden all who have felt the 500-year-old numbering system was not quite right. Perhaps now action will finally be taken to standardise the labelling of wig powder.

Robin Dow
Stocksbridge, South Yorkshire

No ice or a slice

SIR – Andy Watson (Letters, August 31) wonders why people ask: “Can I get a pint of…?” This is nothing compared to what I heard recently from a youth in our local. He was buying a round of drinks, including a glass of lemonade, and asked the barman: “Can I get no ice in the lemonade?”

Frank Ackley
Old Glossop, Derbyshire

Eat my dust: under proposed regulations tractors would be able to travel at speeds of up to 25mph  Photo: Alamy

6:59AM BST 07 Sep 2014

CommentsComments

SIR – Instead of the derisory 5mph increase in the speed limit for tractors, proposed by the Department for Transport, it would be more effective to follow the example of some European countries where slow-moving vehicles are obliged by law to pull over and let other traffic go past when the queue behind them is more than three or four vehicles long.

David Nicholls
Manningtree, Essex

SIR – Spare some pity for country folk. In our narrow lanes tractors thunder by much faster than the speed limit, driven by young lads with one hand attached to their mobile phones – and they don’t even need a licence.

I am a farmer’s daughter, so I understand they have a business to carry out, but in the age of Health and Safety, surely farmers should have better training to drive these vehicles.

Deborah Garland
Calne, Wiltshire

SIR – You describe the frustrations of tracking slow-moving tractors on narrow roads and advise that the Government has found a possible solution by raising the speed limit for tractors.

I happen to be approaching in the opposite direction. Any suggestions?

Norman D Overfield
Bardsey, West Yorkshire

SIR – Never mind increasing the speed limit for tractors – I fail to understand why the ultimate off-road vehicle is allowed on roads at all. They should drive on the other side of the hedge.

Why they are allowed in towns and cities is beyond comprehension.

Steve Cattell
Grantham, Lincolnshire

Independence: on September 18 Scotland will vote on whether or not to remain a part of the United Kingdom Photo: PA

7:00AM BST 07 Sep 2014

CommentsComments

SIR – Derek Leithead asks why an Outer Mongolian who has recently moved to Scotland should be able to vote in the upcoming Scottish independence referendum while he, born and educated in Glasgow, should not.

Mr Leithead is under the impression that the purpose of the referendum is to ascertain the wishes of the Scots. This is not the case; it has been called for by the SNP who see it as a way of being voted into long-term power.

Expatriate Scots like Mr Leithead have seen the real world and are most unlikely to be hoodwinked by the wild posturings and unsupportable claims of Alex Salmond and his friends. Hence they are unacceptable to the SNP, who are managing the referendum.

David Cooke
Woking, Surrey

SIR – If the United Kingdom had a proper constitutional framework incorporating the various regions of the country in a constructive legal way, the need for the Scottish independence referendum would never have arisen.

The British Government has made no preparations for the possibility of Scotland going it alone, and the Scottish government has no idea what currency to use in this case. The whole thing is farcical.

The referendum saga is a dreadful indictment of the way British politicians have trivialised constitutional matters in recent years. We have a Conservative Party in charge of the country whose Lord Chancellor is not a lawyer; which has got rid of the last two heavyweight QCs in the cabinet (Ken Clarke and Dominic Grieve); and which spent its valuable parliamentary time debating gay rights as the single most important issue facing mankind at the time.

It is time the Conservative Party woke up to the importance of constitutional issues and stopped trying to shove them under the Westminster carpets.

Timothy Stroud
Salisbury, Wiltshire

SIR – Andrew Gilligan writes about political bias in the Scottish civil service, but he is probably not aware of the democratic deficit in the Highlands.

Last year, independent candidates got the bulk of the vote in the local elections but the paid officers insisted that, because this disparate collection of councillors had no single policy, a fudged coalition should be formed and, guess what – our leader is an SNP clone.

Why bother to go to the expense of an election when you know the outcome?

Sue Hood
Inverness

SIR – Rob Johnston fears that the English regard the Scots as parasites due to the subsidies they receive.

In England, we accept the fact that per capita public spending in Scotland is higher than in the rest of the UK, in return for shared oil and gas revenues, just as we accept the 52 Scottish MPs at Westminster who can vote on issues even when they do not affect their constituents.

University tuition fees have, however, caused deep resentment. Families south of the border are seeing their children saddled with huge debt just to cover their tuition, while Scottish universities offer free tuition to their own and other EU (but not British) students.

Graduates from the rest of the UK are starting careers owing about £50,000 while the Scots have only had to borrow for their living costs. It feels as if our graduates, who must pay off loans for 30 years, are subsidising Scottish and EU students in Scottish universities.

Jane O’Nions
Sevenoaks, Kent

SIR – It is far easier to argue on the “Yes” side, as everything is based on hope and speculation.

This is why we need an alternative vision of the UK’s future from the Unionist camp – one based on real change, not just for Scotland but for England and Wales: to radically decentralise one of the most centrally run nations in Europe to a true federal state.

Paul Duncanson
Aynho, Northamptonshire

Irish Times:

Sir, – After Cillian Downey’s (September 5th) misunderstanding of what I meant by schools being “run on principles guided by reason”, perhaps some clarification is needed. School governance, built upon a foundation of reason, would be neither guided by – nor prejudiced against – any particular religion.

Such an educational system would be characterised by inclusivity, tolerance and compassion, while promoting critical thinking and calmly rejecting the influence of dogmatism, superstition and bigotry. To claim “the substance of belief is reasonable whether or not we agree with it” is bordering on the ludicrous. Not all beliefs are reasonable. After all, is it reasonable to believe that homosexuality is an abomination, or that someone working on the Sabbath should be put to death? One’s right to hold a belief should always be respected, but it is neither wise – nor possible – to respect the beliefs of all the people in the world. This truism becomes all the more apparent when one considers that many of the world’s religions preach starkly conflicting ideologies, many of which are claimed to be fundamental truths. – Yours, etc,

JOHN HOGAN,

Ballyneety,

Co Limerick.

Sir, – As a fan of the great Séamus Ennis, I read the views of Dr Ali Selim with some disquiet (“Call for State schools to accommodate Islamic beliefs”, September 3rd). It would seem that the bodhrán is okay but not the tin whistle. I feel that Mr Ennis would not be happy. – Yours, etc,

HUGH McELROY,

Station Road,

Portmarnock, Co Dublin.

Sir, – The “educational caste system” envisioned by Jacky Jones is real, but the view of it being dominated by enrolment at particular schools is incorrect (“Educational caste system affects all aspects of life”, Second Opinion, Health + Family, September 2nd). Many studies have shown that the quality of teaching and resources provided to students in schools is highly consistent, regardless of locality or whether the school is free or fee-paying.

The elephant in the room is the very high level of private tutoring and “grinds” classes received by students from well-off families. This factor is largely omitted from official statistics, but is a major factor in improved exam results and third-level entry in particular areas.

Principals of high-performing schools like to pretend that grinds do not exist, and that good results are entirely their doing. Parents don’t like to talk about grinds because that would be akin to admitting their little darlings are not quite as bright as everyone may think. Teaching unions also avoid discussion of grinds – partly because extra teaching outside of normal school hours provides a largely unreported income boost, but also because the high demand for grinds reflects poorly on conventional teaching within schools.

Grinds are expensive, and so are less utilised where money is tight. If we want more equality, a voucher system for disadvantaged families to avail of the same grinds as their better-heeled counterparts would be a big step. – Yours, etc,

JOHN THOMPSON,

Shamrock Street,

Phibsboro, Dublin 7.

Sir, – I write as descendant of people who fought for and lost everything in Austria-Hungary for being on the losing side in the Great War. It is hard today to accept that right across Europe as the lights went out that young and not so young men embraced that conflict, as many did so in Ireland.

The lead-up to the war was toxic, with beating war drums inciting primitive instincts to slaughter one’s fellow man. Teachers spoke of a sense of duty to their students. Religious fervour and the just war were preached from pulpits. The spirit for adventure filled newspapers. Veterans of the Franco-Prussian and Boer wars filled young heads with wild dreams. Naturally all these sentiments were milked by the contesting empires for what they were worth. In the end, nothing.

Trade unionists throughout “civilised” Europe, including our own James Connolly, campaigned against workers becoming cannon and machine-gun fodder in an imperialist, industrialised war but their pleas fell on deaf ears and near empty heads. John Redmond MP surrendered the National Volunteers to take the oath of allegiance to king and empire. They fought, were wounded, traumatised and died accordingly.

Similar fates occurred elsewhere and led to the founding of Czechoslovakia, Romania and Yugoslavia after the war.

It took a madness akin to the courage of today’s jihadists for people to choose to live in rat-infested trenches under constant bombardment, waiting for their commanding officer to blow his whistle, then the junior officers with drawn revolvers (for battle field punishment) to order their men out onto no-man’s land and over barbed wire, shell craters and felled comrades with fixed bayonets to confront distant machine guns. To survive was doubtless a buzz for some, but a soul-destroying horror for most.

When the war was not over by Christmas 1914, Ireland went on to prosper greatly from it by supplying food, drink, horses, hides, cloth, ships, explosives and other materials for the imperial war effort. In fact the Irish were valued more in their fields, farms and factories than at the front. By 1916 there was full employment. When revolutionary idealists took action at Easter they were mocked and derided by most, not least by those at war. Some months later those same soldiers fell to machine-gun fire at the Somme.

To be honest, I have mixed feelings for them. I do not share John Bruton’s opinions. They fought and died for the wrong reasons in the wrong war. – Yours, etc,

MICHAEL KUNZ,

Kilcoole,

Co Wicklow.

Sir, – The repugnant barbarism of the Islamic State in Iraq and Syria, and the threat it poses to a large part of the world, cannot be overestimated. The terrorists inflicting these grotesque crimes must be brought to justice. However continued military action against the fanatical group is not the solution.

On the contrary, America’s military involvement in a region plagued by injustice and other social ills is likely to serve as a recruiting tool for extremists.

Islamic State is itself an unintended consequence of our war in Iraq. Today, al-Qaeda is not only in Iraq but has also spread to Yemen, Somalia and Syria. It is its more ruthless offshoot. What the people of the Middle East need most are peace, jobs and justice. Military action by the United States and its regional allies would only add to the bloodshed and intensify the problems that breed extremism. – Yours, etc,

RICHARD COFFEY,

Wainsfort Manor Crescent,

Terenure,

Dublin 6W.

Sir, – I have nothing but sympathy for Ray Carey (August 30th), Rachael Stanley (September 3rd) and the doubtless many others who have been advised by priests like myself that they may not have secular music, eulogies or offertory processions, including non-liturgical items, at funerals.

We try to implement what we have been given to believe are liturgical norms which should apply everywhere and in every situation. We need guidance, direction and instruction in this. We need leadership from the bishops of Ireland. I’ll bring this to the AGM of the Association of Catholic Priests at the beginning of next month. I hope that sooner rather than later we will have a definitive set of norms which will apply in all the dioceses of Ireland so that no one will ever again feel aggrieved at what they, rightly, see as unfair treatment.

I would add that such norms should not be difficult to put together. Any priest working in pastoral situations every day of the week could draw them up in his sleep! – Yours, etc,

Fr PAT O’HAGAN,

Moville, Co Donegal.

Sir, – A total of 79 Guantánamo prisoners, considered low-level risks, have been awaiting release for several years, but the US Congress refuses to allow them be released in the US, and the US has been unable to persuade other countries to take them. In addition 70 higher risk prisoners should be transferred to prisons in the US, where they would be subject to US constitutional laws, including habeas corpus proceedings, but this is also blocked by Congress.

Some prisoners have been in Guantánamo for over 12 years without trial. Two Uighur prisoners from Guantánamo were resettled in Ireland in 2009.

As a humanitarian gesture Ireland should offer to resettle more prisoners from Guantánamo, particularly given that the Irish Government facilitated the transfer of prisoners to Guantánamo by allowing CIA and US military aircraft that were engaged in the so-called extraordinary rendition programme to be refuelled at Shannon airport.

Some prisoners on hunger strike are being forced fed, and at least nine prisoners have died in Guantánamo, including six by suspected suicide.– Yours, etc,

EDWARD HORGAN,

Newtown,

Castletroy, Limerick.

Sir, – I would like to respectfully correct a couple of misconceptions in Eugene Tannam’s letter (September 2nd).

First, describing the Barrow towpath as it stands today as having “survived . . . without interference” is not quite accurate. The Barrow Navigation was originally a commercial waterway, and the towpath was what we might today term a “service road”, built to allow the towing horses to pull cargo barges along the river and navigation canals.

Today’s much narrowed and overgrown route is merely the result of the falling into disuse of the navigation; the roadway would in fact originally have been “tamed and flattened”, as your correspondent describes the current move to restore a strip of it.

Second, the notion that a greenway would attract vandals seeking to dump unwanted white goods is unfounded, as anyone in Mayo can verify. Whatever its limitations as a tourism destination because of its short length, the Great Western Greenway has never suffered from dumping.

It has, however, transformed towns like Newport from near dereliction to thriving places that not only attract tourists but that are now great places to live.

As an Irishman living in mainland Europe, I would love to see a greenway connecting Dublin with St Mullins; it would allow me to take my family to Ireland on cycling holidays. Currently, Ireland is the only country in Europe lacking such trails, and like thousands of other would-be tourists, we have to go elsewhere.

Build it, and we will come. – Yours, etc,

JAMES CANDON,

Avenue des Rogations,

Brussels.

Sir, – The pantheon of glory surrounding the achievement of the 1998 peace agreement is becoming very crowded. Shortly, among the notable dignitaries we are bound to spot Darby O’Gill or Daithí Lacha in the tumultuous gathering, but there is a distinct and noticeable absence. The real achievers of the 1998 agreement are dead, the innocent victims who did not espouse political violence as a virtue, victims of northern intransigence, southern indifference and British duplicity. They had to pay the ultimate sacrifice, without request, and are not around to write biographies or play with their grandchildren.

Peace is a right; shame on those who have to use others to “achieve” it. – Yours, etc,

EUGENE TANNAM,

Monalea Park,

Firhouse, Dublin 24.

Sir, – Like many others, I have a great liking for a biscuit with a cup of tea. In latter years, I find myself to be a victim of anonymous shelf-stackers.

Time and time again there are broken biscuits at either end of the packages. Apart from my abandoning biscuits entirely, is there any other solution to this frantic style of shelf-stacking? – Yours, etc,

PADRAIG J O’CONNOR,

Lower Dodder Road,

Rathfarnham,

Dublin 14

Sir, – Will the roundabout outside the Dublin venue formerly known as the O2 be renamed the “Three Point Turn”? – Yours, etc,

RICHARD BANNISTER,

Pembroke Square,

Ballsbridge,

Dublin 4.

Irish Independent:

It’s terrible to be old and apparently still as stupid as ever.

There was I, fully convinced that if Light-fingered Fred and Slippery Sam printed a few million in some back-street basement it would constitute criminal counterfeiting.

I understood this was because such nefarious activities might possibly cause people to distrust the purchasing power of the cash in their pockets or accounts and possibly even destabilise the whole trust-based monetary system.

Now I see that the money maestros are going to conjure up €40bn out of thin air – with basically nothing solid to back it up but a wavering, unproven hope that it might boost flagging European economies!

But, apparently, if you do this and call it quantitative easing, it is somehow magically trans-muted into legitimate financial practice.

But now, a vague, persistent memory seems to be struggling to resurrect itself – the ominous memory of the recent sub-prime mortgage madness.

I also cannot forget its eventual – and continuing – Armageddon-like financial consequences for countless millions of hapless, innocent victims.

George MacDonald

Gorey, Co Wexford

 

Quotas are for fish, not women

The debate rumbles on about gender equality in Irish politics. Quotas are constantly referred to as a method of achieving this. Surely if there is a genuine desire to have gender equality, then the only and best way to achieve this is to have an equal number of seats designated for male and female representatives in all political bodies, including the Dail?

Voters would simply vote for their male representatives on one ballot paper and vote for their female representatives on a separate ballot paper.

Quotas are for farming and fishing, not for women. If Irish society genuinely wants equality in political representation, then perhaps this suggestion deserves some serious debate?

Fred Meaney

Dalkey, Co Dublin

 

Keep prayers in state schools

Paul Doran asks why prayers are still said in state schools, and in the process makes a claim for a secular society (Letters, Irish Independent, September 3). The simple reason is that Ireland is a sovereign republic. This merely means that the citizens elect their representatives to government.

There is absolutely no reason for the government of a republic to discriminate in favour of, or promote, secular dogma. Indeed, in view of the fact that the most recent state census revealed 92pc of the population identifying as Christian, it is quite appropriate that Christian prayer should be incorporated in the school system.

Eric Conway

Navan, Co Meath

 

Lack of student digs

Securing a place in the college of your dreams can be difficult enough as it is without the extra pressure of asking ‘will I receive student accommodation’?

Today’s young adults are faced with this dreadful situation as the new term begins again. Many students attending Dublin colleges this year are being forced to commute every day in order to attend lectures, or, even worse, lose out on a place in the college of their choice.

This crisis is clearly hindering further education for students. Dublin city council are said to be in talks about a “30-year plan” while Lord Mayor Christy Burke says actions are better than words. So will they devise a plan? Who knows?

In addition to the evident lack of accommodation, students are panicking as prices sky-rocket. Daft.ie economist Ronan Lyons says, “Rents in Dublin are now 7.5pc higher than a year previously.”

This dramatic price increase in Dublin has parents, and students starting their first year, in utter shock and disbelief. As a secondary school student, I worry that this lack of student accommodation may affect my third-level education. I urge the Government to do something about this immediately.

Jennifer Lynch

Address with Editor

 

Fighting Ebola scourge offline

Ebola is a horrible and nightmarish disease, which is bound to wreak more social and economic mayhem, if it remains uncontrolled.

Most people lack the knowledge and skills to recognise early symptoms, detect the virus, monitor its evolution and make a robust diagnosis differentiating it from similar ailments such as typhoid fever, malaria, Marburg disease and Lassa fever, among others.

The world is short of 7.2 million healthcare workers. The fragility of health systems in affected countries, which are just emerging from the traumas of civil unrest, makes an already difficult situation more complex still.

Also, only 31pc have internet access in developing countries.

The WHO should exploit this awful opportunity to assume its role at the vanguard of combating this global menace by promoting offline e-learning. This could be the magic bullet to disseminate knowledge in remote and resource-limited settings where there is shortage of staff, equipment and internet connectivity.

Dr Munjed Farid Al Qutob

London NW2, UK

 

Threat of fundamentalism

History tells us that the church hierarchy, with the best of intentions of course, ignored and disobeyed, Christ’s solemn and repeated warnings never to use human power.

Very early on, the Vatican succumbed to the same old temptation, the male lust for power, to the point where those in control there were claiming spiritual and secular power over the whole world, and the whole human race.

The theologians kept pace, building up a framework to justify the Vatican’s claims of spiritual and secular control – a global theocracy based on the Bible. The male clergy were brain-washed, starting young. It was dangerous to disagree. Terrible things were done in the name of the Prince of Peace.

Is it not ironic that Islam’s theologians today are following exactly the same pattern, based on the Koran? Their male clergy are brain-washed, starting young. Terrible things are being done in the name of Allah. These latests atrocities are not just sporadic; this is a mass movement, determined to establish global spiritual and secular control.

The Islamic fundamentalist teachers are behind it. The West does not yet understand the scope of this movement.

Sean McElgunn

Address with Editor

 

Exciting times for Scotland

Although English, I sincerely hope the Scottish people seize the historic opportunity next week and vote for independence.

Encouragingly, polls are beginning to point to victory for Alex Salmond‘s SNP. In an independent Scotland, a second plebiscite should be held to abolish the monarchy and offer a democratically elected Scottish head of state, too.

I envy the Rebublic of Ireland, which has senate with elected members instead of an appointed and hereditary House of Lords, and an elected president instead of a monarch. Indeed, should Scotland become independent, reunification of Ireland, more devolution for Wales and a hard look at England’s ridiculous House of Lords and House of Windsor are in the offing. We live in exciting times.

Dominic Shelmerdine

London SW3, UK

Irish Independent


Out and about

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9 September 2014 Out and About

I jog around the park I still have arthritis in my left knee, but I manage to get round the park. A sunny but cool day. I potter around go to the Bank the Co op and the Post Office. Meg rings

Mary’s back not much better today, pie for tea and her back pain is still there.

Obituary:

Professor Dame Julia Polak – obituary

Professor Dame Julia Polak was a pathologist whose own health problems led her to research growing new organs from stem cells

Professor Dame Julia Polak

Professor Dame Julia Polak Photo: Roger Taylor

5:54PM BST 08 Sep 2014

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Professor Dame Julia Polak, who has died aged 75, did pioneering work in histochemistry (concerned with the chemical composition of the cells and tissues of the body) and later led research into using stem-cell technology to produce artificial organs for implantation — after she herself had undergone a heart and lung transplant.

She had been working at Harefield Hospital with the eminent surgeon Professor Sir Magdi Yacoub on the reasons for rejection in transplant surgery when she became seriously ill. She had always put her breathlessness down to asthma, but by April 1995 she found breathing so difficult that she was unable to sleep lying down. When she eventually agreed to be examined by a colleague at Hammersmith Hospital, she was found to have severe heart failure caused by pulmonary hypertension (high blood pressure in the lungs) — the very disease that she had been studying in Yacoub’s patients.

Told by Yacoub that she needed a lung transplant, she resisted at first, knowing the risks, but was eventually persuaded that it was her only chance. For nearly two months she waited in intensive care for a suitable donor to be found. The call came at 2am on a weekend visit home. She was rushed into Harefield Hospital, where Yacoub performed a “domino transplant” — replacing her heart and lungs with those of a donor and transplanting her heart into another patient.

As with many transplant patients, her recovery was impeded by infection and rejection, but after three months her condition began to stabilise. Once she was on her feet again, Julia Polak made it her life’s work to find an alternative, more reliable, solution for people with incurable lung disease.

She decided to redirect her research to “tissue engineering”, with the aim of using stem cells to grow new tissue and organs — work which, if successful, could help to offset the shortage of donor organs and overcome the problem of rejection. Two months after her operation she set up the Julia Polak Lung Transplant Fund and subsequently founded the Imperial College Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine Centre, becoming its Professor in 1997.

In 2004 she announced that she and her team had succeeded in growing brain and lung tissue by manipulating embryonic stem cells, using a process that converts the cells into mature small-airway epithelial cells, which line the part of the lung where oxygen is absorbed and carbon dioxide is excreted. Their achievement has raised hopes that before long it might be possible to create a functioning “lung” for regenerative purposes, using a man-made scaffold for the tissue to grow around.

Memorably, Julia Polak produced her own diseased lungs for inspection at a demonstration at the Royal Postgraduate Medical School at Hammersmith Hospital, where she was a professor. “My lungs were not of any use so I studied them,” she recalled matter-of-factly, but she observed that they were the “worst case” of pulmonary hypertension she had ever seen.

Her experiences inspired a novel, Intensive Care, by Rosemary Friedman, published in 2001 to raise funds for research on tissue repair and regeneration. Julia Polak was delighted with her fictional depiction: “It is so funny, my character has been transformed into a tall and leggy doctor,” she said. “You should see me. I am short and fat.”

At the time of her death Julia Polak was one of the world’s longest-surviving lung transplant patients.

Julia Margaret Polak was born on June 26 1939 in Buenos Aires, Argentina, where her Jewish grandparents had emigrated from Eastern Europe to escape persecution. After qualifying in Medicine at the University of Buenos Aires in 1961, she decided to specialise in pathology; and in 1968, with her husband and fellow doctor Daniel Catovsky (who would himself achieve eminence as a world authority on chronic adult leukaemias) and their first child, she moved to Britain to do graduate studies at the Royal Postgraduate Medical School at Hammersmith Hospital. She eventually became head of the Histochemistry department and Professor of Endocrine Pathology at the medical school (now part of Imperial College, London).

Julia Polak was one of the first researchers to demonstrate the existence of a hormone system in the gut, and she identified the cellular origins of several hormones in the internal organs. She was also part of the team that discovered how nitric oxide is made in cells throughout the body and helps the cells communicate with each other .

She moved on to lungs in the mid-1980s, after discovering that the gut and the lung have a similar cell structure. Needing lung tissue to work on, she approached Magdi Yacoub, to see if he was interested in collaborating. It was the beginning of a close working relationship, and Yacoub would become a prominent member of her team at the Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine Centre.

The author of some 1,000 original papers, 115 review articles and editor or author of 25 books, Julia Polak was one of the most widely cited researchers in her field. She served on several national and international tissue engineering and stem cell advisory panels, and was the European editor of the journal Tissue Engineering.

She was appointed DBE in 2003.

Julia Polak is survived by her husband and by two sons. A daughter, Marina, a barrister, was killed by a motorcyclist while crossing a road in London in 2011. Her mother took some comfort from the fact that before her death Marina had signed up to the organ donor scheme, and as a result improved the lives of five people by donating her organs.

Professor Dame Julia Polak, born June 26 1939, died August 11 2014

Guardian:

Yes and No supporters in the Grassmarket, Edinburgh Yes and No supporters in the Grassmarket, Edinburgh. Photograph: Jeff J Mitchell/Getty Images

Living as a Scotsman in Ireland I am following the referendum debate as best I can (Report, 1 September). However, one thing strikes me about the whole debate. The argument, for or against, seems to revolve around money and finance in one form or another. Here in Ireland, as the country gears up to celebrate its failed attempt at independence in 1916, where its leaders are near martyrs, it got me thinking what their take on our selfish debate would be. Perhaps one of them might have penned a letter such as this from his prison cell the night before his execution …

“Dear voter, So, how have you woken up the morning after? Have you woken in shame? Have you followed Alistair Darling? Did you put yourself first? Justifying your treasonous act by wanting to believe that independence would come at a personal cost. A cost in blood and tears, in splattered brains and torn sinew, crushed bone and broken hearts, like nearly every other country on the face of the Earth had to endure for independence. No? At what cost then? At best a few pounds in your pocket. Shame on you.

“Listen to them starting to turn, creaking slowly, before starting to spin- in their graves – all those heroes over all those centuries, from all those countries who had to wage war to raise their own flag, sing their own song. My God, all you had to do was get out your warm bed, and make a cross on a piece of paper. Shame on you if you voted no. It’s not about money. It’s about being us, standing on our own two feet, being in charge of our own destiny, making our own decisions. Who knows we might even take to the sports field with pride for once. It’s about being bloody Scottish not British. So how will you waken up the next morning? With your head held high, I hope.”
Martin Loomes
Galway, Ireland

• Next week, Scotland’s voice will be heard all over the world. People from all walks of life will express themselves about over how they feel about their country’s immediate future. Such a strong national identity, powerful cultural heritage, endless natural resources, as well as a strong labour force can only lead in one direction. Do not be afraid of change, any change for the better brings maturity and within maturity one reaches improvement and self-balance.

The world will be watching you, a proud nation that was driven to the loss of liberty by a bunch of lords who did not pay any attention to the peoples’ real needs. That was in 1707. Now, the time is different; in 2014 all Scots, and those feeling Scottish at heart, are sensible and hopeful enough to freely decide their destinies. On the one hand to be ruled by a body that does not fulfil vital needs, since it doesn’t show consideration or predisposition for improving the standards of living in Scotland. Or, on the other hand, to have the golden chance to be yourself: a free, independent and respected individual with a capacity to make decisions which would benefit your country and its inhabitants.

Now is the time to see the light; to see things right, to set things right. Think positively and you will get endless rewards. Scotland deserves the best. It is too proud a nation to be left as a mere “English territory” with a limited capacity of decision-making. Actually, I am in love with this country, so one only expects the best to happen. Do not disappoint the world, but, above all, be fair and love yourself.
Marta Vallbona
Glasgow and Barcelona

• Simon Jenkins says, “I would vote yes because the no campaign has offered merely stasis” (Comment, 5 September). Scotland would not be the first to become a country independent from Britain and succeed. Many former colonies have gone their own way. Trinidad and Tobago (my country of origin) became independent in1962 and a republic run entirely by its own polyethnic citizens. It set up its own central bank, printed its own currency and saw its GDP rise exponentially during the five decades of its freedom. Its GDP per capita now stands at over £11,000; higher than any continental Latin American country. Its unemployment rate is 3.6% and the population is a mere 1.25 million. Scotland should vote yes and leap out of stasis.

Dr Louis Quesnel

Manchester

• Dear Scotland, I fear it’s too late, and you’ve decided, but really I would prefer that you didn’t leave the union. I speak as a Brit who doesn’t want to be reduced to being an Englishman. You won’t understand this because you’ve always been happy within your Scottish skin. This is my problem – I can hear you say it – and I’ll get used to it in time, that’s true, and who knows, maybe I’ll even look upon the cross of Saint George as something other than a stranger, but I’ll feel diminished. You may not feel British, but equally I don’t feel entirely English. I’m bigger than that – you, the Welsh and the Northern Irish make me feel bigger than that.

It’s possible that what you think of as Englishness is something that I also don’t recognise. I’m not posh. I didn’t go to private school. I believe in social justice. I don’t vote Tory. I don’t patronise the Celts, or anyone else. I try to be a good citizen, I don’t want to leave Europe (that’s two unions I support). What you rail against, I rail against. Together we are better able to fight the forces of conservatism – the conservatism that has been foisted upon me as it has upon you – the poll tax, the bedroom tax, the sneering supercilious superiority of an unrepresentative elite. The governments you didn’t vote for are the governments I didn’t vote for. Together we are brothers and sisters; apart we’re citizens of different countries.

You’ll still be there, where you have always been, but it will still feel like I’ve been divorced in a process in which I wasn’t allowed a say – which I guess is why I’m writing. You’ve moved on, you need to find yourself, be your own country. But can we not be reconciled? Can we not yet find common ground?

I had always regarded the union (us) as something of an obstreperous, slightly dysfunctional but ultimately common family. Did we take your for granted? Is the only answer to go our separate ways? I guess that’s what I find so difficult. For me it’s about the future that we can make together, not the past. If you can’t, we’re done for, I accept that. But if you can, let us work together to make the union a better place for all of us. Every one of us. Give it another shot. Don’t give up on us now.
Geoff Cordell
London

• I have started the petition “Scotland – please don’t leave us, we need you”, and wanted to ask if you could add your name, too. The Scottish referendum means a lot to all of us in the UK. We might just be about to tear up 300 years of successful coexistence. Signing this petition is one way of expressing our feelings in favour of a no vote – especially for those who cannot vote. Even if we cannot vote we can still send a message of support. You can read more and sign the petition at: you.38degrees.org.uk/petitions/scotland-please-don-t-leave-us-we-need-you.
Ginnie Cumming
London

• The Scots will vote yes. And the rest of us will owe them a debt of gratitude. Their vote will send symbolically, in the only effective way our current democratic system permits, these messages to all our politicians. We want, not a change of government, but a change of politics.

You lack the competence to run the country; and the vision to lead it. You lied to us and deceived us, into an illegal war with disastrous consequences. You cheated and stole from us; and those of you who didn’t, allowed it to happen. A privileged, privately educated 7% permanently hold 30%-73% of positions of power. Our representative democracy entrenches a profoundly unrepresentative power structure it is not empowered to change. This privileged power elite are not held accountable or punished for their venality, incompetence or mistakes, as we are in our jobs and daily lives. We are justly proud of our NHS and the inspirational ideals that underpin it. We want those principles preserved, enhanced and funded, not undermined by subversive privatisation.

So, good luck to you Scotland. We respect your courage and admire your confidence.
Keith Farman
St Albans

• I read with a sinking heart the piece by the normally wise Deborah Orr (Debate has intoxicated Scotland, 5 September). How can so-called progressives have become so bewitched by a nationalist movement? Is it simply enough for them that this movement says it hates the current UK government?

There are plenty of people north of the border-that-isn’t-really-a-border (yet) that will mourn the loss of Great Britain, which should be some comfort to Jonathan Freedland after his nuanced reflection (If Britain loses Scotland, 5 September); people who are glad that two previously sovereign but constantly warring and mutually slaughtering nations decided, a little over 300 years ago, to form a new country to leave the worst of their pasts behind. Is it progress to resurrect earlier, narrower identities?

As for the point about this being about “democracy” because Scotland gets Tories it never voted for, would the same progressives accept the decision of the Kingdom of Wessex to secede in the event of a Labour government because, a few pockets apart, they didn’t vote that way? Take this logic to its extreme and one has no polity at all, only 63 million individuals who share nothing.

Orr also confuses pragmatism and realism for apathy: the UK’s system of government is not perfect. But can anyone point to one that is? I, and many others, will proudly vote “No, thanks” not because we believe that we live under perfection but because we believe, fervently, in our polity stretching from Catihness to Cornwall, from Canterbury to Caernarfon and Cookstown, and all varied and valued places in between. Its evolution can, and should, continue, but independence for Scotland will mark its destruction.
Alastair Deighton
Perth, Scotland

Members of English Scots for Yes at the border between Scotland and England at Berwick-upon-Tweed Members of English Scots for Yes hold a tea party at the border between Scotland and England, just north of Berwick-upon-Tweed. Photograph: Danny Lawson/PA

Simon Jenkins is not Scottish but it is extremely mean of him to write about “expatriate Scots who have no intention of returning home but who enjoy telling Scotland its business from the fleshpots of London” (A yes vote will produce a leaner, meaner Scotland, 5 September). The huge issue of independence or not for our much-loved country is not only for people who live in Scotland, it is for all Scottish people who live in the UK. We are all passionate about Scotland and its future. We did not emigrate. Scotland is still part of the UK. Most Scots moved to other parts of the UK for job reasons, some of their own volition, others posted south by Scottish companies, eg the big banks.

And who is Jenkins to say that we have no intention of returning home? If he became editor of the Scotsman and went to live in Edinburgh, would he be pleased to relinquish his right to vote on English matters? Scots who live and work in other parts of the UK are as Scottish as anybody who lives in Scotland and “more Scottish” than the large numbers of English people and foreign nationals who are entitled to vote because they do live there and are on the electoral register. Alex Salmond’s motives in setting up the vote in this way are open to question and are, in the least, narrow-minded, inward-looking and parochial. Whatever the outcome, I say the vote will not be valid because a large number of Scottish people have been disenfranchised against their will.
David Forrester Mitchell
Maidenhead, Berkshire

• As a Scot who has lived in England for 30 years, I don’t recognise myself – or most others I know in similar circumstances – in Simon Jenkins’ description of “expatriate Scots who have no intention of returning home”. As with many living on “this” side of the border who have no voice in the referendum but would, given the opportunity, vote no’ on September 18, I have no aversion to living in Scotland in future, but have no need to return “home”, and definitely do not see myself as an “expatriate” as I never left my patria! My home country is the UK: moving from Scotland to England was no more consequential to my sense of self or of citizenship than moving from Glasgow to Edinburgh or from Guildford to Godalming. I consider myself at home on both sides of the river Tweed.

Jenkins plays fast and loose with the evidence for a declining sense of Britishness among the Scots. Far from showing a collapse in identification with Britain north of the border, the evidence consistently shows a comfortable majority of Scots have a subtler and more realistic sense of national identity than the crude either/or choice of “British or Scottish” implied in the article. When offered the chance to choose a purely Scottish, a purely British, or a mixed identity, around two thirds of those living in Scotland describe themselves as British and Scottish. It is the purists – those who see themselves as “only Scottish” or “only British” – who are in the minority. Voters in Scotland will have their say on 18 September and the result will fall where it will, that’s democracy. But let’s not reduce a complex debate to a crude “Scot or not” dichotomy which helps no one.
Professor Charles Pattie
Sheffield

• Jonathan Freedland writes about “Scots voting”. Deborah Orr is more careful and calls the voters “people of Scotland” and “voters in Scotland”. Please, do not give the impression that it is Scots who are voting. I am a Scot, one of many living outside Scotland. I was born there, educated there and my parents lived there until they died. I have no vote. No Scots living outside their own country have a vote, and there are many of us all over the world. We care about Scotland and hope the voters there will make sure they do the right thing for the country we love, on behalf of Scots in the UK, for Scots worldwide, and for all the people of the UK.
Dian Montgomerie Elvin
Witney, Oxfordshire

A section of the BP ETAP (Eastern Trough Area Project) oil platform in the North Sea, 100 miles east of Aberdeen, Scotland. Photograph: Andy Buchanan/AFP/Getty

We have viewed the report by N-56 (22 August) on the potential for unconventional oil and gas extraction from the Kimmeridge Clay in the North Sea using fracking and we agree this has significant potential. Using the technology there is potential to double the reserve base of the North Sea, bringing in an additional £300bn from Scottish waters. While there are still economic and technological challenges to overcome, it is also true that 10 years ago no one predicted the shale gas revolution that has transformed the economic fortunes of North America. Offshore fracking also has the advantage of being far less invasive and challenging to society. Once again we see how the ingenuity of the oil exploration community continues to add huge potential resources to proven reserves. We can look forward to a long future of oil and gas wealth from the North Sea.
Professor John Howell Chair in geology & petroleum geology, University of Aberdeen; Alex Russell Professor of petroleum accounting Peter Strachan Professor of energy policy, Aberdeen Business School at Robert Gordon University

• George Monbiot’s scathing depiction of the English oligarchy does not support his inference that Scotland would be better out of the UK (Comment, 3 September). The interest rate decisions of the monetary policy committee are not the only influences on the currency which the SNP plans to share with the rump UK. The Treasury, the banks and City institutions all play a part. Achieving political independence is not the same as gaining economic independence.

A separate Scotland would lose the manifold political and business influences its representatives can exert on the shared currency. Many Greeks, Portuguese and other Europeans would no doubt refer the Scots to Keynes’s aphorism: “He who controls the currency controls the country.” Relieved of moderating pressures from within the UK framework, the oligarchs would probably have more control over Scotland’s economy than they do at present.
Bryn Jones
Bath

A pro-independence supporter holds a Enjoying the benefit of the bounce? Would Scotland get a joyful boost from its independence – even on the sports field? Photograph: Andy Buchanana/AFP/Getty

A factor overlooked in most political discussion is what we might call “national bounce”. It runs deeper than, and is often responsible for, other things such as the economy and national harmony. We see it in Germany, the country that lost and was wrecked by the second world war but which is now the most influential country in Europe. The Germans have bounce. Britain appears to have lost its national bounce. We try to compensate with Olympics, football or The X Factor but distractions do not compensate for the lost bounce of the people as a whole.

We are no longer together in national excitement. If, however, Scotland becomes independent a massive surge in national bounce, from day one for an exciting country, will overcome the niggling trivia of economic forecasting from the less-inspiring politicians and pontificators. In a short time the new Scotland will likely find itself faced with eager immigration from English people who are bored with the dreary and pretentious economomania of many of our leaders.
Ian Flintoff
Oxford

David Cameraon at the Nato summit at Celtic Manor Hotel, Newport, Wales, Britain Gulp … Scottish independence would mean much (and less) for David Cameron. Photograph: Rex Features

Those like Jonathan Freedland (Comment, 6 September) who are surprised at the possibility that the Scots may actually vote yes could usefully read Norman Davies’s book Vanished Kingdoms, The History of Half-Forgotten Europe. The conclusion from this study is that seemingly immutable countries, empires etc can disintegrate a) when least expected and b) with remarkable speed. Watch this space.
Alisdair McNicol
Wallasey, Merseyside

• It seems that David Cameron may exceed his wildest dreams in his agenda to reduce the size of the state: the secession of Scotland would indeed reduce the state for which he is responsible, trumping the sum of all the previous cuts to welfare and sales of state assets. It looks as though it is just those cuts, accompanied by manoeuvres to privatise health and education, that could tip the balance in favour of a yes vote.
Daphne Sanders
Preston, Lancashire

• If the Scots vote for independence, David Cameron’s legacy will be that he was the prime minister who took the Great out of Great Britain, the United out of United Kingdom, and the Union out of Union Jack.
Rachel Carter
Hertford

• I’m a naturalised British citizen with a UK passport, but am neither English, Scots nor Welsh. In the event of a break-up of the UK (which would make me very sad) do I get to choose, or is there a default position?
Marcia Heinemann
London

• In response to the latest opinion polls on Scottish independence, it seems the three main Westminster party leaders are about to announce the possibility of a federal UK. Oh, yes please, bring it on. And if it happens, thank you, Scotland.
John Marriott
North Hykeham, Lincoln

• When Yugoslavia disintegrated, Macedonia became FYROM (Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia). So If Scotland votes for independence, will England, Wales and Northern Ireland have to be FUK?
Dimitri Kissoff
Stockport

Independent:

The experiences of your correspondents (“I’m burnt out after three years of 70 hours a week”, 6 September) will be familiar to teachers all over the country.

My daughter has just resigned after more than 20 years’ teaching in the secondary sector. Conscientious and creative, described as “outstanding” at inspections, she would not compromise her standards and became, like so many others, disillusioned and burnt out.

Like your correspondent “Socrates”, as a parent I am relieved that she has left, but sad because all those pupils she would have inspired in the future will never know her.

The daughter of friends, also outstanding, has recently resigned from her primary school for the same reasons. My brother, a much-respected primary head, is about to take early retirement, tired of all the unacceptable changes. What a loss to the profession such great teachers are.

I retired from teaching in further education 10 years after the sector was taken from the control of LEAs and colleges became PLCs. My pay was frozen because I refused to sign a new contract which did not limit weekly teaching hours. I watched as colleagues suffered under the strain; many left because they could not or would not teach on those conditions. A student once told me that I was the only teacher who had any time for him; I pointed out that this was literally true.

Earning the same in 2003 as I had in 1993 has meant that my pension is smaller than it would have been, but I don’t regret it; teaching is not about money.

And thank you, Michael Rosen, for saying that the powers-that-be should  leave education to teachers, “who know better how  to do it”.

Christina Jones

Retford, Nottinghamshire

Avoid messy divorce with Scotland

It is bad enough that Scotland wants a divorce, but it is worse that the UK wants a messy one, as it does not want any currency union with Scotland.

Given that Scotland and England have a shared history that goes back 300 years, and given that 51 per cent of Scottish voters now want independence, any long-term solution would have to include some sort of economic mechanism to ensure that these historical ties are preserved. What better way to maintain these ties than to bind the two countries together via a currency union?

With currency union, an independent Scotland would remain, albeit nominally, a part of the UK. Without it, it will be like any other foreign country. The currency union between Scotland and the rest of the UK could work overwhelmingly in the interest of both countries

Randhir Singh Bains

Gants Hill, Ilford

 

If the Scots vote Yes, perhaps the rest of us may be allowed a referendum to vote on whether they should be allowed to participate in a currency union. I suspect that rejection of the Union and the probable resulting turmoil in the currency and financial markets following such a vote would leave very few favourably disposed to underwriting Alex Salmond’s project.

J R Whelan

Bebington, Wirral

It seems surprising that no one so far has mentioned the enormous amount that would have to be spent to build or rent Scottish embassies and consulates all over the world – and to staff them. Do the potential Yes voters realise this?

Trevor Baker

London N3

As I sat watching the sun set at an unreasonable 7.30pm, it struck me that if Scotland became independent, it could have its own time zone to enable farmers to greet their cattle in daylight and children to go safely to school.

Then the remaining bit of the UK could adopt double summer time and have the benefits of extended evenings that the rest of Europe enjoys. One positive for the Yes vote, from an English perspective.

John Nichols

Colchester, Essex

Could an independent Scotland be persuaded  to take Northern Ireland with it?

Robert Davies

London SE3

Recognise that pupils are all different

One reason why more older children have limited reading skills (“Literacy crisis makes for uneasy reading”, 8 September) is that their early exposure to the education system, with all its pressures, has made learning more of a struggle.

When starting school, a load of four- to five-year-olds are put together in one class and treated as if they’re the same, but they develop at different rates.

Some perfectly bright individuals have difficulty with fine motor skills, so holding a pen or pencil is hard. Others can’t really begin to grasp reading and writing until they’re seven or eight because that’s simply when the relevant part of their brain has matured sufficiently.

There’s nothing wrong with children who can’t catch on to formal lessons right away – whether it’s not recognising their letters or being unable to draw shapes – but despite this, they are often labelled as “special needs”, and such morale-sapping failure to meet expectations, at such a young age, puts many youngsters off education for life. They develop a fear of learning or are fed up with trying to learn.

Emilie Lamplough

Trowbridge, Wiltshire

Your otherwise sound exposé of child illiteracy made no mention of the vital work put in by local libraries, with their Reading Challenge and other excellent programmes, in promoting children’s reading. Our libraries have taken an appalling series of hits in the cuts imposed since 2010 – yet another facet of the Cameron gang’s new serfdom, in which literacy is reserved for People Like Us.

Richard Humble

Exeter

Yes, there is life outside London

David Lister (6 September) wrote a coherent and compelling plea to artists such as Kate Bush to recognise that not just London is eager for its shot of concerts and culture. So please could The Independent’s Radar practise what it preaches.

Instead of three pages of London cinema listings, please bring back a smattering of publicity for good cinemas throughout the UK. You might even include those in Scotland before they want nothing to do with the rest of us.

Maggie Humphreys

Allerton, Liverpool

 

Russia has reasons for its actions in Ukraine

Russia’s bloodless annexation of Crimea was in accord with the genuinely overwhelming support of the population of Crimea. Despite this, the West has been screaming for sanctions against Russia.

Contrast Russia’s action with that of Israel – Israel has been seizing Palestinian land illegally over a long period, against the wishes of the Palestinians, ignoring UN resolutions and killing hundreds in the process. Where are the sanctions against Israel?

The US has a long history of conspiring to overthrow governments of which it disapproved (never mind if that government was democratically elected), sometimes installing a ruthless dictator.

How much of the removal of the democratically elected pro-Russian president of Ukraine was due to US and European interference?

If Russia annexes part of eastern Ukraine, that too may be in accord with the wishes of the people there. Ukraine was part of Russia for hundreds of years – Kiev was once the capital of Russia. Many famous Russians were born in Ukraine, and many people in Ukraine regard themselves as Russian. There needs to be some recognition of this.

Ron Watts

King’s Lynn, Norfolk

‘Sans-culottes’  did have trousers

The sans-culottes of the French Revolution to whom John Lichfield refers, in his article “Revenge of ‘les sans dents’” (6 September) on Valérie Trierweiler’s memoir of François Hollande, could be seen as ancestors of Hollande’s “sans-dents”.

But they were known as sans-culottes not because they were “trouserless”, but because they wore trousers (pantalons) rather than aristocratic breeches (culottes).

Peter Cogman

Shirley, Southampton

Momentous news: another Royal baby

I was listening to a fluent, impassioned speech on BBC News by the General Secretary of the TUC on the subject of the gross inequalities of the British class system.

Suddenly, the announcer cut in to deliver the momentous news that the Duchess of Cambridge is pregnant.

This was then followed by a long analysis of this great event by various journalistic royal-watchers, and Frances O’Grady’s excellent and important contribution to the national debate was forgotten.

Only in England!

Chris Payne

Lipa City, Batangas, Philippines

The news that William and Catherine are expecting yet another child suddenly makes the prospect of a long flight to one of the outer planets seem quite enticing.

Andrew McLuskey

Stanwell, Staines

Times:

Is it Conservative policy that some people and some parts of the UK should be written off?

Sir, Matthew Parris’s article “Tories should turn their backs on Clacton” (Sept 6) is an elegant description of the Conservatives’ mindset: some people and some parts of the UK should be written off. It is this perceived mindset, and its influence on the party’s choice of policies and how the latter are implemented, that put me off when the time comes to vote.

I suspect I am not alone.

George Stonier

Dilhorne, Staffs

Nicotine is addictive. Making e-cigarettes prescription-only ‘seems a sensible option’

Sir, As a respiratory consultant for more than 20 years I have witnessed first-hand the misery and premature death caused by cigarette smoking. Both sides of the debate on the use of e-cigarettes make valid points (report, Sept 5, and letter, Sept 6). I agree that e-cigarettes are much less harmful than tobacco and will reduce mortality among smokers. Where I urge caution is in being too liberal in the product’s availability. I worry that we are allowing a highly addictive drug — nicotine — to be marketed and sold. There is a danger of the next generation becoming dependent on e-cigarettes.

Experts assure us that there is no evidence of e-cigarette use leading to tobacco use. Absence of evidence, however, is not proof of no effect.

Yes, encourage current smokers to switch to e-cigarettes, but do not allow the tobacco industry to market an addictive drug with minimal safeguards. Making e-cigarettes only available on prescription seems a sensible option.

Dr JA Roberts

Consultant physician, Royal Hampshire County Hospital

The authorities should take firm and immediate action over the booing of Moeen Ali

Sir, Like Richard Hobson (Sport, Sept 8), I was disappointed by the loud booing of Moeen Ali at the Twenty20 England v India international at Edgbaston. On every other count it was a riveting match, but to see this exciting English cricketer being treated in this way a few miles from where he was brought up left a very sour taste.

Yet the cricketing authorities knew this would happen as Ali was similarly treated at last Tuesday’s international on the same ground. It’s not good enough to turn a deaf ear to completely unacceptable behaviour.

When Ricky Ponting came in for similar treatment a few years ago, the powers that be were quick to take action and Ponting was given the respect he was due. The same should have happened to Moeen Ali.

Lord Hunt of Kings Heath

House of Lords

Should the number of MPs be cut to enable those remaining in the Commons to have a 10% pay increase?

Sir, The dire state of public finances will not permit any overall increase in spending (“Osborne challenges 10% pay rise for MPs”, Sept 8). Why not, therefore, adopt the standard business response to a challenging economic environment and introduce an efficiency drive? A 10 per cent cut in the number of MPs could add up to an affordable 10 per cent pay increase.

Barry Fox

Brampton, Cambs

Sir, Perhaps the answer is to pay the higher level recommended by the Independent Parliamentary Standards Authority to newly elected MPs only. This would satisfy the concerns of both sides.

Rob Tooze

Darlington, Co Durham

Telegraph:

Battle of Arnhem 

6:57AM BST 08 Sep 2014

CommentsComments

SIR – A generation of courageous men and women who endured the trials of a world war is passing with increasing rapidity. Soon they will all be gone. That is why every year I take a group of children to Arnhem in Holland, so that they can hear the stories of a bitter battle told by those who actually fought it.

Last year, at a ceremony in the main cemetery near Arnhem, our school group witnessed a young soldier fainting while on duty. The first to his side was no medic or first-aider. It was an elderly figure, wearing beret and medals, who had leapt from his chair and run 40 yards to help: 92-year-old Arnhem veteran, Johnny Peters. We stood witnessing an act of selflessness and camaraderie, instinctive and undimmed after all these years.

This month is the 70th anniversary of the battle at Arnhem. The last survivors will make one final pilgrimage. Johnny Peters will not be present; sadly, he passed away a few weeks ago. But the qualities of that extraordinary generation, embodied in men like Peters, will live on. Their legacy will endure.

It is a lesson not found in any school curriculum.

Titus Mills
Lymington, Hampshire

Streaming in schools

SIR – Mary Boustead, general secretary of the Association of Teachers and Lecturers, may be an experienced teacher, but she appears to lack logic when she says “The last thing we should do is to divide children into ability sets”.

I would have thought it obvious that if you have very bright children and not so clever children in the same class, much of the teaching is inevitably too slow for one group or too fast for the other. She should look at the example of Eton, where pupils take the Common Entrance exam and go directly into divisions. As the teaching is practical and appropriate, late developers are then able to catch up with their peers.

The obsession with avoiding selection has removed the opportunity for disadvantaged children to succeed, the result being a reduction in social mobility.

Lord Digby
Dorchester, Dorset

Religious tolerance

SIR – Eric Pickles writes that our tradition of British tolerance is something to be proud of, but we should be wary of groups taking advantage of this.

As the great political theorist Karl Popper said, we should exercise “the right not to tolerate the intolerant. We should claim that any movement preaching intolerance places itself outside the law, and we should consider incitement to intolerance and persecution as criminal, in the same way as we should consider incitement to murder, or to kidnapping, or to the revival of the slave trade, as criminal.”

Therefore, faith groups have not only rights but obligations to ensure that their adherents do not cause harm to anyone else. Each faith community must appreciate that we do not live in a theocracy, but a multi-faith pluralist democracy. The right to practise religion freely is a cornerstone of British democracy, but does not come without its obligations.

Zaki Cooper
Trustee, Council of Christians and Jews
London EC4

In other words

SIR – While I have much sympathy for the views expressed by Christopher Pelly (Letters, September 5) on the use of Latin terminology, he is unwise to challenge the English language on its range of synonyms.

Latin may have at least 15 for the word famous, but English has many more: notable, acclaimed, celebrated, illustrious, famed, lionised, notorious, noteworthy, reputable, renowned, peerless, preeminent, august, eminent, honoured, peerless, exalted, distinguished, well-known, esteemed and legendary, to name but 21.

David Hipshon
Twickenham, Middlesex

SIR – As both a musician and lover of onions, I particularly enjoyed a recent performance of Thomas Tallis’s masterpiece, which was advertised on the poster as Spem in Allium.

Never again will I put my hope in another when I could put it in the trusty onion.

Susan Sturrock
London SW19

Fallen from favour

SIR – A few years ago, Elmbridge was rated the best place to live in Britain; now it doesn’t even make the top thousand.

Was it something I said?

Les Sharp
Elmbridge, Surrey

Unrecorded crime

SIR – I read the story of Lexi the poodle, whose death the police ignored (report, September 5), with interest. The police seem to be at pains to ensure that wherever possible, no crime is recorded.

My son was recently attacked while disembarking from a flight from Croatia at Heathrow. Despite physical evidence of the attack and the willingness of the flight crew to affirm his innocence, the attending police insisted that if he pressed charges both he and the suspect would be detained for at least 24 hours.

As my son had an important business meeting the following day, he decided he could not press charges, and consequently no crime took place.

David Workman
Aberdeen

SIR – Those of us who live in the countryside have been aware of a total lack of active police coverage for a number of years, and the situation is getting worse.

In my small farming community, I estimate that in the past 10 weeks more than £100,000 worth of equipment has been stolen by gangs, and the police have shown little interest other than to complete the form on their computer screen.

Neville H Walker
Orton-on-the-Hill, Leicestershire

Street cries

SIR – Doff Hughes (Letters, September 2) should consider himself fortunate that he is only disturbed by construction vehicles.

We live next door to a nursing home which receives regular deliveries plus the odd ambulance and refuse vehicle – all of which beep when reversing. Worse still are those vehicles that emit a dreary repetitive warning – “Stand clear, vehicle reversing”.

Peter Dodd
Tadworth, Surrey

Go bananas

SIR – It would seem that bananas are now good news again, but your leading article did not mention their other quality. They present a wonderful writing surface for a ballpoint pen.

David Faithfull
Cranleigh, Surrey

SIR – My company sells a small X-ray system for the assessment of osteoporotic fracture risk. The radiation dose from one scan is roughly equivalent to eating a single banana. There are benefits from both.

Andrew Thomson
Rugby, Warwickshire

Hop to it: this black basalt rabbit by Sheldon, 1911, is part of the Wedgwood collection  Photo: Wedgwood Museum

6:59AM BST 08 Sep 2014

CommentsComments

SIR – The council of the Society for Post-Medieval Archaeology would like to voice its strong support for the Art Fund’s Save the Wedgwood Collection appeal.

While there may well be broad appreciation for the collection’s artistic importance, its international significance to post-medieval archaeology is perhaps less well known. The subject’s core areas of interest are the study of such topics as the artefacts of the post-1500 modern world, globalisation and the spread of capitalism. The Wedgwood collection is a vital research resource for all these issues.

Wherever archaeologists work on sites dating to the later 18th and 19th centuries – whether in Britain and Europe or in places as remote as the desert oases of the Persian Gulf – one of the most common and important artefact types we recover are the ceramics produced, or inspired by, Josiah Wedgwood and his successors.

The loss of this research collection would therefore have a devastating impact not just on the artistic heritage of Britain, but also on period research in the humanities internationally.

We hope that your readers will join the SPMA in lending their support to this important cause.

Dr David Caldwell
President, SPMA

SIR – Fraser Nelson’s timely article on the Scottish referendum is to be welcomed.

I am astonished and dismayed that the people of both Scotland and the rest of the United Kingdom seem oblivious to the threat to the security of the realm which a Yes vote would constitute.

The arguments to date seem to be focused on finance, health and social issues, while the effect on wider international matters seems largely to have been ignored. A Yes vote represents the greatest threat to the UK since 1940. It would severely damage our international standing, possibly endanger our position on the Security Council, compromise the capability of our Armed Forces and thus affect our contribution to Nato.

Scots have played an integral part in the affairs of Britain, and the world, for the past 300 years, producing several prime ministers, military leaders and world-class scientists and academics. The Nationalists now seem happy to lose their place at the top table of world affairs, and in the course of doing so they will severely compromise the influence of the whole United Kingdom.

Robin Colson

SIR – If it is to succeed, the campaign to save the Union must change course.

It has been a grave mistake to rely almost entirely on economic arguments. There is no way of showing decisively that Scotland would be less prosperous outside the Union. Incessant argument over currency, oil and the provision of public services has led to an unproductive and unseemly wrangle on both sides.

The Unionists must make their case in strong patriotic terms during the days that remain. They must invite the people of Scotland not just to say No to independence, but to say Yes to a new and positive relationship with the rest of the United Kingdom on terms of full equality.

The Scottish Parliament has been promised additional powers. It should be made clear that their conferment will mark the start of work in all parts of the UK to devise a new constitutional settlement that would bind them together on a federal basis. Thus Unionism would acquire the sense of vision it badly needs.

Lord Lexden
London SW1

SIR – Presumably, if Scotland goes independent on September 18, all Scottish Westminster MPs will resign their seats the following day.

John Sabin
Pulborough, West Sussex

SIR – Given the evidence that the Better Together campaign is lagging, there is a sure-fire way to save the Union.

David Cameron and Ed Miliband must fly to Edinburgh and campaign for the Yes side. That will guarantee a No vote.

Harry Fuchs
Flecknoe, Warwickshire

Irish Times:

Sir, – A recurring strawman in the debate about gender quotas in a representative democracy is that our parliamentary system is intended to primarily represent the demographics of a society. It is not.

A representative democracy needs to represent the broadest range of ideas and opinions and with numbers in the debate to roughly mirror those it represents. It must facilitate a publicly accessible environment where these ideas are robustly debated and vigorously contested. Members of the electorate must then be able to openly and without fear of intimidation decide for themselves which viewpoint they wish to support at the ballot box. Does anyone believe that this is what our parliamentary system currently affords us? Is the main fault really with the gender of those doing the debating or is it the ideas being debated?

Is the real problem with the composition of the Oireachtas with the choice on offer at election time (when anyone is free to stand as a candidate) or is it with the mindset of the electorate when making choices? Is one of the problems with candidates that people are unwilling to stand up for their beliefs at election time when there is no certainty that they will be successful? Faint heart never won fair mandate. – Yours, etc,

DANIEL K SULLIVAN,

College Gate,

Townsend Street,

Dublin 2.

Sir, – Gender quotas are used not as preferential treatment; rather they are an attempt to remedy problems of deep-rooted male privilege.

The merit argument is often advanced as a reason to oppose gender quotas, ie that the best person for the job should be chosen irrespective of gender. However, all things are not equal. If merit were the only criterion governing the election of politicians, then the Dáil would not be composed of 16 per cent women.

Progress on voluntary gender quotas implementation by the political parties in Ireland has been a dismal failure.

The passing of the Electoral (Political Funding) Act in July 2012 was a recognition by the mostly male Dáil that progress on gender equality would not be advanced without a financial penalty to the political parties.

This problem of gender inequality is not only an issue between men and women but also between progressive men and those men who benefit from the status quo.

Women are by far the biggest group underrepresented in Irish politics. – Yours, etc,

Dr COLETTE FINN,

Cork 5050 Group,

Croaghta Park,

Glasheen, Cork.

Sir, – In response to my point that the introduction of gender quotas could result in better candidates losing out to weaker candidates, Anthony Leavy (September 6th) remarks that, “The decisions that contributed to the bankrupting of the country were made by a Dáil which was nearly 90 per cent male” and that “it does not look, therefore, as if the better qualified candidates were always chosen in the past”.

Mr Leavy’s contention that there was a causal link between the gender profile of the Dáil and the bankrupting of the country suffers from a bad case of “reduction fallacy”, recently defined by your columnist David Robert Grimes (“The way we argue now”, August 16th) as “an often misguided attempt to ascribe single causes to outcomes that are in reality complex interplays of many factors”. Dr Grimes pointed out that the “Post hoc ergo propter hoc” (“after this, therefore because of this“) fallacy is used to brilliant comic effect by the Church of the Flying Spaghetti Monster to assert that a drop in the number of global pirates since the 1800s has caused global warming.

While it may well be true that better qualified Dáil candidates were not always chosen in the past (and I look forward to the day when we have more women in politics and put the days of the old boys’ networks and nepotism behind us), I would submit that the performance of the Dáil up to and during the bankruptcy of the State had more to do with the well documented objectively identifiable deficiencies of the Dáil – for example a lack of expertise, groupthink and the whip system – than with its gender profile. – Yours, etc,

ROB SADLIER,

Stocking Avenue,

Rathfarnham,

Dublin 16.

Sir, – It is misleading to say that half of our population is somehow disenfranchised because only 15 per cent of TDs are female. Women (and men) are free to vote for whatever candidate they choose. The resulting composition of the Dáil suggests that the gender of the is not their priority – nor do I think it should be. Clumsy attempts to “correct” the electorate by restricting its choice is, like most patronising interference, likely to have unintended and undesirable consequences. – Yours, etc,

MICHAEL ANDERSON,

Moyclare Close,

Baldoyle,

Dublin 13.

Sir, – The debate rumbles on about gender equality in Irish politics. Quotas are constantly referred to as a method of achieving this. Surely if there is a genuine desire to have gender equality then the only and best way to achieve this is to have an equal number of seats designated for male and female representatives in all political bodies, including the Dáil.

Voters would simply vote for their male representatives on one ballot paper and vote for their female representatives on a separate ballot paper.

Quotas are for farming and fishing, not for women.

If Irish society is genuine in wanting equality in political representation, then perhaps this suggestion deserves some serious debate.– Yours, etc,

FRED MEANEY,

Saval Park Gardens,

Dalkey,

Co Dublin.

Sir, – We can be sure that, quotas or otherwise, the criteria for the selection of female candidates will be much the same as for their male counterparts, ie having the right connections, having the right views and being willing to toe the party line when required. This is not a recipe for a better quality of public representative. – Yours, etc,

HUGH GIBNEY,

Castletown,

Athboy,

Co Meath.

Sir, – The chief executive of the Heritage Council, Michael Starrett, referring to Bantry House, rightly draws attention to the economic value of cultural and heritage tourism to the country (September 5th). He might also have added that there is no more economic way for the State of providing attractions than when their private owners open them to visitors. Bantry was the first great house in the State to open its doors like this in the 1940s, and when we visited it last week it was full of Irish, American and continental tourists poring over its fascinating and eclectic contents.

The owners of Bantry House deserve every support in keeping this beautiful place and its collection intact. Places such as Castletown House, Fota, Kilkenny Castle and Malahide Castle have all come into public ownership but are so much less interesting without their original contents. In fact we have now very few heritage properties with their historic contents in place, and compare badly with other countries such as Scotland, where a last-minute campaign saved the remarkable contents of Dumfries House from auction in 2007.

The Headfort House example referred to by Mr Starrett, where the Heritage Council purchased important furniture and left it in situ, would seem the perfect solution for Bantry. While it is clear that the Heritage Council does not at present have the funds to help on this occasion, perhaps Mr Starrett could negotiate with the owners to postpone the auction to see if funds can be raised in some other way. In other countries public appeals are raised to save treasures for the nation, and we are sure such an appeal would get widespread support in this case, not least from the traders of west Cork and Cork County Council.

While it may not be possible to save every heritage property in this country, Bantry House and its contents should be high on any list of priorities. Its treasures, once dispersed, will be lost forever and that would be a great shame. – Yours, etc,

JOHN LYONS

and GABRIELLE BOWE,

Palmerston Road, Dublin 6.

Sir, – Chris Johns wrote an interesting analysis piece on Scotland, until he hit his last paragraph: “The euro still exists, despite many forecasts to the contrary, because of Europe’s detestation and fear of petty nationalism. There is absolutely nothing about Scottish nationalists that endears them to Europe’s elites. They should expect a very cold welcome in Brussels and Frankfurt” (“Potential for unintended consequences if Scots choose independence”, Business Opinion, September 5th).

Come again? Who suggested the idea of European federation but a Scot, Prof James Lorimer, in 1884? Who was a key member of the convention discussing a European constitution but Lorimer’s successor in the “Law of Nature and of Nations” chair at Edinburgh University but the late Sir Neil MacCormick MEP, son of the founder of the SNP?

Besides, Eurocrats in Brussels will be, unlike Mr Johns, careful whereof they speak: they live cheek by jowl with two “petty nations”, Flanders and Wallonia, far more awkward than us Scots. – Yours, etc,

CHRIS HARVIE,

University of Tübingen,

Brechtbau,

Wilhelmstrasse 50,

Tübingen,

A chara, – It was good and timely of Diarmaid Ferriter (“Hayes’s Hotel where Cusack founded GAA needs saving”, Opinion & Analysis, September 6th) to raise the possibility of the GAA buying Hayes’s Hotel, Thurles, the birthplace of the GAA. After Sunday’s pulsating final – the third of three drawn All-Ireland hurling finals – the financial resources are surely there. Moreover, there are precedents for ventures into unusual territory – in my adopted city of Belfast the National Trust owns one of Belfast’s finest public houses and heritage buildings, the Crown Bar.

A commercial-cum-heritage project on an iconic site in my home town of Thurles would have the further benefit of aiding rural renewal in the region.

Needless to add, as Tipperary are set to reclaim the All-Ireland title in a few weeks, it would be especially fitting that such a decision be made on this the 130th anniversary of the founding of the GAA at Hayes’s Hotel, Thurles, Co Tipperary. – Is mise,

Prof LIAM KENNEDY,

Queen’s University,

Belfast.

Sir, – Many of your readers will be aware of the dearth of church, census and other early records as a result of fire in the Four Courts in 1922. As a student of genealogy at UCD I have spent many pleasurable hours in the National Library of Ireland over the past three years. Recent warnings by Catherine Fahy, acting director of the library, of the crisis looming there and specifically of the absence of a water sprinkler system in the main body of the library, sent shivers down my spine (“National Library at ‘critical point’ as cutbacks hit services”, September 4th).

It is impossible to put a value on the treasures which are held in the National Library of Ireland. Old books, newspapers, personal and estate papers, many containing wills and deeds, chart the history of our country. When first given access to a 17th-century lease of land in my native Tipperary, I commented how valuable this would be considered in say, the National Library of Australia. My husband rightly pointed out that the lease predated the founding of Australia and for that matter the United States of America and Canada! Think about that for a second.

As we approach the centenary of 1916, I can think of no finer nor less controversial tribute to those who died than to invest in this national institution which contains the shared history of millions, not just on these islands , but worldwide. I would urge Minister for Arts, Heritage and the Gaeltacht Heather Humphreys and the Government to heed Ms Fahy’s warnings. – Yours, etc,

CLAIRE McCORMICK,

Ardilea,

Clonskeagh, Dublin 14.

Sir, – Noel Whelan makes a profound statement about what happened to this country when he tells us that “showtime” and “auction politics” ended “when the floor under the Celtic Tiger collapsed with the fiscal and banking crisis in 2008” (“No time for showtime politics in lead-up to budget”, Opinion & Analysis, September 5th).

During the years of the boom the message from many quarters was that everything was getting better and there was virtually no downside. In addition, during the years of the consequent austerity, the message from sometimes the same quarters was that there was no need for all this doom and gloom.

Both messages were wrong.

Now that a “fragile recovery” is being talked about, Mr Whelan is right to warn all not to repeat the “auction politics” messages and “to stay away from the politics of showtime”. – Yours, etc,

A LEAVY,

Shielmartin Drive,

Sutton,

Dublin 13.

Sir, – Further to Frank McNally’s “The lost art of paper pushing” (An Irishman’s Diary, September 4th), the custom of newspaper boys calling out their wares in the street has not died out in Ireland.

On a recent visit to Cork I heard the sound of “Eeco” all over the city centre as the “Echo Boys”, as they are known, sold their papers on the streets. A very evocative sound indeed for someone brought up in that city, although I wonder what the tourists make of it. – Yours, etc,

JJ MURPHY,

Glencormac,

Bray,

Co Wicklow.

Sir, – All of us from Cork will surely remember the particular call of the Evening Echo boys. It sounded like “Aye yack ooh wah”. – Yours, etc,

NED MONAGHAN,

Siwanoy Lane,

New Canaan,

Connecticut.

Sir, – When I was growing up in the late 1950s and early 1960s, I can well recall that the cry of one particular paper boy who would ply his trade walking the length and breadth of Dún Laoghaire’s George’s Street – a then bustling thoroughfare – was “Heral-a-Mail-or-Prezz”. I can state this without fear of contradiction, for I was that newsboy! – Yours, etc,

PAUL DELANEY,

Beacon Hill,

Dalkey,

Co Dublin.

A chara, – Fergus Finlay’s articulate appeal (September 6th) for Cabinet action to redress the inadequate level of funding at Tusla, the Child and Family Agency, is to be applauded for highlighting a growing concern that children at risk are not being allocated social workers.

Is it possible that a sufficient number of Ministers will take notice of this appeal or is it more likely that the improving fiscal situation will be used to benefit the taxpayer, who, although hard pressed, is not particularly at risk of “abuse, neglect or welfare concerns”? – Is mise,

GREG SCANLON,

Ballycasey Manor,

Shannon,

Co Clare.

Sir, – Padraig J O’Connor (September 8th) asks if there is any solution to this frantic style of shelf-stacking that reduces biscuits to crumbs. The answer is simple. Lidl and Aldi stack the packets of biscuits in the boxes they were shipped in, thus avoiding damage during handling. For optimum protection, select the packet in the middle of the box to avoid end-of-box bumps. – Yours, etc,

DAVID DOYLE,

Birchfield Park,

Goatstown,

Dublin 14.

Sir, – That’s the way the cookie crumbles (or “them’s the breaks”, if you like) in today’s world of mass production. Bake your own. – Yours, etc,

ULTAN Ó BROIN,

South Circular Road,

Dublin 8.

Sir, – Your graphic illustrating the property tax revenue of local authorities (September 5th) makes it plain to see that the “squeezed middle” extends from Malin Head to Carnsore Point. – Yours, etc,

CORMAC MEEHAN,

Bundoran,

Co Donegal.

Sir, – Robert B Johnston (September 6th) deplores delays at an Irish airport. He should try going in the other direction with a non-US passport, then he would find out what airport welcomes are like. – Yours, etc,

JOHN K ROGERS,

Rathowen,

Co Westmeath.

Sir, – What’s happening to the Cork Jazz Festival this year? Imelda May? The Drifters? Great artists, but hardly jazz. – Yours, etc,

RICHARD McDERMOTT,

John McCormack Avenue,

Walkinstown,

Dublin 12.

Irish Independent:

The unhinged behaviour of the so-called “Islamic State”, detached from all considerations of rational purpose or intent, may incline us to forget that the great Arabian cities of Baghdad, Damascus and Cairo were once beacons of enlightenment, tolerance and trade.

The Arab world, one of civilization’s great sources of learning, introduced us to the foundations of mathematics, science and philosophy, but has now become a toxic mix of fundamentalist religious beliefs, autocratic dynastic government and steady disassociation from the rest of the world.

I remember as a child being spellbound by the ‘Arabian Nights’, where I was introduced to tales that have influenced writers through the ages. It was a world of excitement and imagination. Children continue to be beguiled by ‘Aladdin and his Wonderful Lamp’, the ‘Voyages of Sinbad’, and ‘Ali-Baba and the Forty Thieves’.

One of the least-understood aspects of the weakening of a distinctive Arab culture is its relationship to the development of Islam, as it steadily corroded the Arabian response to the world around it. At the extreme end fanatical jihadis, in combining Earthly and spiritual authority, seek to eliminate state boundaries in order to establish a world-wide Caliphate. The notion of democracy sits uneasily with their world view.

What has the West provided? The disastrous invasion of Iraq left a legacy of repression, economic stagnation and the intensification of mistrust of our world, particularly as represented by America. Brand America is very hard to sell in the context of the unlawful detention and torture in Guantanamo.

Here was a crass failure to act in accordance with the principles that were publicly so robustly espoused.

The breakdown of Arab culture should lead us to examine more critically our own way of life and the extent to which it has taken a direction that befits us as humans. We seem to be perpetually bewitched by vague ideals of national origin and destiny, but hesitant about confronting our share of present, unpalatable reality.

Philip O’Neill, Oxford, England

One is not amused

Information has been relayed to me from a source on the British royal staff that Queen Elizabeth is in a severe tizzy over the possibility of a “Yes” to an independent Scotland.

My informant’s intelligence implies that there are many sleepless nights in Windsor Castle due to the stark possibility that Britain is shrinking faster than the Arctic circle, a condition that is blamed on the ozone hole getting bigger. But that is no consolation to the royalist supporters who can only blame today’s resurrection of Robert the Bruce, Alex Salmond. He does not resemble the hole in the ozone layer in any way, but is on course to create a giant hole in London‘s exchequer book.

Desperate times call for desperate measures. Calls for help have been received by the followers of the Ulster Covenant to drum up support for the brethren in the Better Together campaign, pushed by the hapless Alistair Darling.

A low cloud has appeared over “Ulster says No” territory, signalling the start of a migration that is akin to that of the wildebeest in the Serengeti. The Orangemen who often speak of their close affinity for their homeland of Scotland are intending to side with the English queen against the birthplace of their forefathers, who perhaps fought and routed the English invader at the battle of Bannockburn. Strange days.

James Woods, Gort an Choirce, Dun na nGall

Time to alter final ticket policy

Now that lightening has struck three times, might it be time for the GAA to adopt a ‘retain-your-ticket-stub’ policy and allow those who attended the first match the chance to see the replay.

Conan Doyle, Kilkenny city

Hurling final a cause for pride

Sir, Let us hope that the rest of the world was able to view the scintillating All-Ireland hurling final to form some idea of what the real Ireland is like. I was one of only two Kilkenny supporters (the other being my son) in the Clyde Court Hotel this afternoon where mesmerised American tourists were supporting the so-called underdogs with cries of ‘Up the Blues’.

We can hardly hope to see a finer display of hurling. How pleasing to see the replay designated for Croke Park on September 27, if the players have sufficient time to recover from their heroic endeavours.

In the football semi-final Mayo were surely defeated in the end by sheer exhaustion in the second period of extra time in the replay against Kerry (who were deserving winners).

May I suggest that we send the two hurling finalists as missionaries to the northern counties to teach them the rudiments of this wonderful game, played with superlative courage and pride this afternoon.

Such an occasion must surely be a source of pride for Irish men and women throughout the world, and a source of envy to the rest of us.

Dr Gerald Morgan, Trinity College, Dublin 2

Austerity shown to be futile

Obviously, the pumping of more than €500 billion into the EU economy by the European Central Bank means the horrendous austerity hell nations have been are going through has been meaningless, if this could have been done as far back as 2008.

We are led by a group of damn fools who see citizens as mere cash machines. Grr.

Robert Sullivan, Bantry, Co Cork

EU ineptitude on display

They have squeezed the last drop of blood out of us, and practically sucked the financial marrow from our bones.

Alas, all they have succeeded in doing, despite all that pain and hardship, is arriving right back where we started.

Any wonder Europe‘s economies are flat-lining when the cure has killed the patient?

Now that the death certificate has been drawn up these geniuses – whom we do not elect, but who nonetheless control our commercial universe – seem to be on the verge of some kind of epiphany.

They know that they have made something of a hames of the whole business.

All that anguish and sacrifice has achieved nothing, so they have hit upon plan B.

Print more money and do away with interest rates.

The banks can throw money around again like snuff at the wake, and there will be some version of quantitative easing.

Further evidence, as if it were needed, that if the EU is the answer it must have been a silly question!

D O’Brien, Connemara, Co Galway

Israel should look to itself

The Israeli ambassador to Ireland, Boaz Modai, criticises pro-Palestinian protesters by saying that they “show no respect for democracy, for dialogue and for the hospitality for which this country is famous”.

May I suggest that he promptly takes himself off to Palestine and helps promote such ideals, particularly among that particular groups of his fellow men who are clearly not familiar with such notions as applying to their neighbours.

Ted O’Keeffe, Ranelagh, Dublin 6

Irish Independent


Caroline

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10 September 2014 Caroline

I jog around the park I still have arthritis in my left knee, but I manage to get round the park. A sunny but cool day. I potter around go to get my feet done at Carolines. Mary comes for a drive but can’t manage the stairs

Mary’s back not much better today, rabbit for tea and her back pain is still there.

Obituary:

David Wynne – obituary

David Wynne was a figurative sculptor who proved popular with his royal patrons and members of the public but was sometimes vilified by the art establishment

David Wynne at home in 1993

David Wynne at home in 1993 Photo: REX FEATURES

6:56PM BST 09 Sep 2014

CommentsComments

David Wynne, who has died aged 88, was at the forefront of British sculpture, though he never went to art school; this was an omission which freed him from a preoccupation with movements and trends, though it never won him any favours with the art establishment.

In London alone, Wynne was responsible for a huge number of important public commissions. He carved one of the capital’s best-loved animal figures, Guy the Gorilla, in Crystal Palace Park. He sculpted Boy with a Dolphin at the Chelsea end of Albert Bridge, and Girl with a Dolphin outside Tower Bridge.

Boy with a Dolphin’ sculpture by David Wynne, 1975, on Cheyne Walk in Chelsea (REX FEATURES)

He created adornments for the Playboy empire and for the Cadogan Estate. He sculpted the massive Teamwork, featuring four men pulling a rope, for the headquarters of the builders Taylor Woodrow, and the Embracing Lovers at the Guildhall.

Elsewhere he sculpted the Tyne God fountain in Newcastle upon Tyne; Christ and Mary Magdalene at Ely Cathedral; and a Risen Christ for the front of Wells Cathedral, one of his most famous commissions.

His portraits included the Queen and the Prince of Wales, Sir John Gielgud, Lord Attenborough, Sir Yehudi Menuhin, Sir Thomas Beecham (who said the piece reminded him of all the mistakes his orchestra had made in the previous 10 years), the four Beatles and the Maharishi Mahesh Yogi (whom he introduced to the group), and the Derby-winning racehorse Shergar.

In 1973 he designed the linked hands on the 50p pieces that marked Britain’s entry into the European Community. Some of Wynne’s most striking pieces were designed for garden settings. He created works for the Abbey Gardens at Tresco, including Gaia, a sculpture made from South African marble, which has a South African planting around it. The Prince of Wales was so taken by the figure he commissioned a similar piece, called Goddess of the Woods, for his gardens at Highgrove.

But Wynne was not a sculptor whose work was ever likely to feature at the Tate. His devotion to the figurative genre made him popular with patrons and the general public, but not with the art establishment — a fact which Wynne attributed to a deep-seated resentment at the success of a sculptor who never went to art school.

Whether this accounted for the venom directed at him over his most controversial work — the centrepiece of the Queen Elizabeth Gate at Hyde Park Corner, commissioned by Prince Michael of Kent in 1990 to commemorate his aunt’s 90th birthday — is not easy to say. Featuring a colourful and stylised lion and unicorn prancing around a tree filled with birds and animals, the design (and the gates by Giuseppe Lund) provoked strong and mostly negative reactions among the nation’s art critics. “All I can say about the Queen Elizabeth Gate is ‘Good grief’,” wrote The Daily Telegraph’s critic Richard Dorment. Wynne’s centrepiece, he proclaimed, was “just plain naff” and the Lund gates were “a total failure, a mess, an eyesore”.

The torrent of criticism did not seem to bother Wynne, who felt secure in the confidence that the Queen Mother loved the gates and that they were a true reflection of her personality — “essentially feminine, and with the popular touch”. Besides, as he observed, quoting Alexander Pope: “Nobody has yet erected a statue to a critic and I doubt anybody ever will.”

The son of a naval officer, David Wynne was born in the New Forest on May 25 1926. A weak child, he was bullied at Stowe and successful neither at work nor at sport until he joined the Royal Navy in 1944. He realised that in order to combat a natural tendency to laziness he must become emotionally involved in work and that he wanted to sculpt.

After the war he started reading Zoology at Trinity College, Cambridge — somewhat half-heartedly. The story goes that when the dons saw some undergraduates’ heads he had made, they waived his exams and encouraged him to study fine art, which he did under the guidance of the classical scholar Andrew Gow.

Jacob Epstein was an early mentor and patrons such as GM Trevelyan and Alistair McAlpine gave Wynne a helping hand in his early years. On Epstein’s advice, Wynne’s father spent the last of his capital buying a studio for his son, and in 1955 David held his first one-man show, at the Leicester Galleries. Commissions steadily increased.

David Wynne with his sculpture of The Beatles, May 19 1964 (HULTON ARCHIVE)

It was Guy the Gorilla which really established his career. Around 1960 the LCC asked him to make a sculpture for a high plinth at the Crystal Palace that would have railings around to keep out children. Wynne, who adored children, reacted by trying to think up something that children could play on and that was strong enough to stand up to them. He lighted on the idea of Guy the Gorilla, a great favourite of younger visitors to London Zoo.

When asked by Sue Lawley on Desert Island Discs whether he ever worked from photographs, Wynne replied that he never did. When preparing for a piece, he would live for weeks with his subject, studying its characteristic behaviour and movements.

While working on Boy with a Dolphin, he spent hours under water watching the animals’ movements. When Pepsi Cola gave him carte blanche for a large piece, he spent three weeks in the Rocky Mountains and came out with a grizzly bear fashioned from a 36-ton block of marble.

Large, curly-haired and brisk, Wynne had a diverse collection of friends, from members of the Royal family to the Beatles. He worked in Wimbledon and then Fulham, where he converted a former women’s prison into a studio. In his later years he moved to South Devon.

He was appointed OBE in 1994.

David Wynne married, in 1959, Gill Bennett (née Grant). Their long and happy marriage ended with her death in 1990. He is survived by their son and by a stepson and stepdaughter; another son predeceased him.

David Wynne, born May 25 1926, died September 4 2014

Guardian:

NHS protest against privatisation The People’s March For The NHS arrived in London on Saturday after a 300-mile journey. Photograph: Melpressmen/ melpressmen/Demotix/Corbis

Polly Toynbee paints a terrifying, but accurate, picture of the NHS (Labour can only save the NHS by biting the tax bullet, 9 September). But her conclusion is not correct. There is another, better way.

There is a hidden assumption in her argument, which all the three main parties seem to share, that carrying on with Osborne-type cuts to 2019-20 to clear the budget deficit is somehow necessary and inevitable. It isn’t. Continued spending cuts, particularly in the NHS, in the sixth year of austerity with unemployment still over 2 million, is plain crackers, given the feedback effects that contract both incomes and government tax revenues. It isn’t even cutting the deficit. Alistair Darling’s two stimulatory budgets in 2009-10 brought the deficit down sharply from £157bn in 2009 to £118bn in 2011 – a reduction of nearly £40bn in just two years. Osborne’s austerity budgets have slowed the reduction to a trickle, down to £108bn now – a reduction of £10bn in three years. So which is more effective – public investment or spending cuts? It’s a no-brainer.

It’s not as though Osborne’s “recovery” offers an alternative either. Hardly anything has recovered except financial services. Wage levels, business investment, productivity, private debt and the trade gap are all strongly negative. The need for public investment now to kickstart the economy, when private investment is still flat on its back, is overwhelming. A £30bn investment package that could be funded for £150m at current interest rates would generate a million jobs within two years, increase incomes and cut the deficit far faster than the current prolonged austerity. It could even be funded without any increase in public borrowing at all, either by mandating the publicly owned banks RBS and Lloyds to prioritise lending for British industry, or by electronic printing of money (QE) targeted directly on industrial investment, or by a super-tax on the 1% ultra-rich.

The whole economy would at last revive, not just the froth at the top, and the straitjacket of Osbornomics and endless cuts would be removed. The financial pressures on the NHS wouldn’t melt away, but they would be enormously eased.
Michael Meacher MP
Labour, Oldham West and Royton

• Your 8 September edition highlighted the dangers to the NHS caused by the government’s top-down reorganisation (Cancer services weakened by NHS revamp, says report) and the secret negotiations on the Transatlantic Trade and Investment Partnership (TTIP), which locks in privatisation (Unions say planned trade deal poses threat to NHS). What a pity, then, that while you were able to use your whole centrefold for images of the Great North Run, with multiple logos of the sponsor, Bupa, prominently displayed, you could find no space for photos, or indeed any coverage, of the banners carried by the Darlington Mums, who had completed their 300-mile march from Jarrow in defence of the NHS on the previous day, nor of the thousands who turned out to meet them in Trafalgar Square. Consequently, you did not report Andy Burnham’s pledges at the rally to restore the secretary of state’s responsibility for service provision, make the NHS the preferred provider, repeal the Health and Social Care Act, and exempt the NHS from TTIP. The fight for an NHS that puts people above profit continues, and your paper needs to be at the forefront of those not only reporting that fight but ensuring that politicians’ promises are widely publicised so that they can be held to account for delivering on them.
Dr Anthony Isaacs
London

• As one of the dozen or so people who gave up three weeks of my life to march the 300 miles from Jarrow to Westminster on the People’s March for the NHS, I was underwhelmed by the national media’s grasp of the predicament of UK taxpayers and disappointed at the poor reporting of the main issue.

Even your own online report (NHS ‘People’s March’ campaigners arrive in London after 300-mile march, 6 September) failed to place things in context when referring to the fact that only 6% of the NHS budget is spent on private healthcare. As an experienced health commissioner I can explain the workings of the clinical commissioning groups. We will begin to see radical changes to where the NHS budget is spent only once CCGs have rewritten the documentation for invitations to tender. The first wave of contracts will be let next April; then I expect the volume to increase in subsequent years. Therefore Oliver Letwin is perfectly correct, if he indeed said that the NHS will no longer exist in five years.

Few people we met on our long march wanted to pay the additional funds that will be necessary to maintain a more expensive health system where shareholder dividends are prioritised over the needs of patients. The new system will mirror the one in the US, and our wellbeing will suffer significantly.
Fiona Dent
Holyport, Berkshire

Grumpy Cat gets her photo taken with a fan as she arrives at the 2014 MTV Movie Awards Not enough room to swing a cat? Not this sort of cat, anyway … a fan takes a selfie with internet celebrity Grumpy Cat as she arrives at the 2014 MTV Movie Awards in Los Angeles. Photograph: Lucy Nicholson/REUTERS

Your report (Lammy joins London mayor race, 5 September) cites several other possible candidates for the 2016 mayoral election, none of whom have declared, while ignoring the fact that I have been campaigning for two years to obtain the Labour nomination. There seems indeed to be some discomfort in the Westminster village about a political outsider challenging entrenched interests. Moreover, the contest is definitely to be held as a primary, as set out in the Collins review, which is precisely why I was encouraged to stand.
Christian Wolmar
London

• Doctor Who may be diverse in terms of gender, colour and sexual orientation (Who is diverse?, Letters, 4 September) but the programme is sadly speciesist when it comes to our own planet. While the Doctor cherishes all manner of species, robots, gases and rocks included, he shows no respect for any animal on the Earth other than humans. Indeed, he eats them. No, writers of Doctor Who, the Doctor would be vegan.
Richard Ross
London

• How can you have thought it was appropriate to illustrate a story about cramped flats (Report, 6 September) with a graphic showing a cat being swung by the tail? Perhaps you would like to refer back to one of your your own stories (Man filmed repeatedly swinging cat hands himself in, 11 November 2011).
Estella Baker
Leicester

• Can I suggest a guided tour of HMS Victory in Portsmouth, to see “the cat” of nine tails (used to inflict punishment) and then understand expressions such as “enough room to swing a cat” and “the cat’s out of the bag”. The guides are both informative and cheerful; however, like me, some will be pro-feline.
Michael Reekie
Shrewsbury

• Re Spike Milligan’s gravestone (Yogic flying, 6 September), the stuffy, censorious C of E wouldn’t allow his “I told you I was ill” dictum in English. The proudly Irish and atheist Spike would have appreciated the irony of it only being allowed written in the Irish language. Thus it says: Dúirt mé leat go raibh mé breoite.
Jeanne Rathbone (aka Sheela-na-Gig)
London

Passing Out Ceremony at the Metropolitan Police Peel Centre, Hendon, London, Britain - Mar 2009 Partners in crime: cuts to funding means that police have to rely on volunteers. Photograph: Rex

All those who work in policing will be surprised that you can publish an article about the way the police handle reports of crime (Police tell victims to solve crimes themselves, 4 September) without mentioning the biggest issue in policing: the ongoing reductions in funding.

The police service has already been reduced by over 30,000 staff and, as the home secretary made clear last week, these cuts will continue into the future. Faced with this, police forces have to constantly review every part of their operation to see where efficiencies can be gained, but this inevitably involves hard decisions on dealing with more reports over the telephone and trying to get more public involvement in reducing crime and disorder through the use of volunteers.

The principles of UK policing as laid down by its founder, Sir Robert Peel, has always been this concept of cooperation between police and public, and history and experience show it produces far better outcomes.

There is another issue here, however: recent reports on child sexual exploitation and domestic violence have shown that the police need to give far greater priority and effort to protecting vulnerable people. Given declining budgets, this will have to involve a shift from the priority given to some aspects of property crime, often the legacy of previous performance target regimes now thankfully abandoned by the home secretary and most police and crime commissioners.
Peter Fahy
Chief constable, Greater Manchester police

• I cannot count the number of times the public has been warned of the dangers of “taking the law into their own hands”. Now suddenly it’s what we’re supposed to do. The problem is, as it ever has been, that self-help investigation leads by a short route to self-help punishment, invariably violent. So the police get involved again. Not very clever. A government that reduces police funding so far below safe levels does not deserve the title.
Colin Yarnley
Southwell, Nottinghamshire

long term unemployed Jobhunter: Politicians should put the interests of the country and of jobseekers first. Photograph: David Sillitoe for the Guardian

You report that the coalition partners are looking to make changes in the Work Programme in their manifestos (Lib Dems widen attack after bedroom tax victory, 8 September). We agree improvements can be made. Much has been learned about about how to support the long-term unemployed over the last few years, particularly during a time of recession.  However, it is important that all politicians remain committed to helping the long-term unemployed back into sustainable employment.

Since 2011, the Work Programme has helped more than half a million people into work. Of these, more than 300,000 are already in long-term employment. This is a win-win for taxpayer, employers and, crucially, jobseekers themselves.

As employers we believe that the commitment of politicians to employment support – whether the Work Programme or a different scheme – must continue. We are asking for all politicians to put aside their difference and to put the long-term interests of the country and jobseekers first.
Paula McCarthy Domus Healthcare,

Simon Wilson Intelling

Adrian Swain MAS Landscapes

Andrew Grant Major Energy

Andrew Levesley Building and Property Maintenance

Anita Adams MTL Group

Ash Sawney Ocado

hong kong letter Hong Kong: the city’s political structure ‘needs to improve by steady progress’. Photograph: Jorg Greuel/Getty Images

Your editorial on the selection of the chief executive of the Hong Kong special administrative region by universal suffrage (A foolish decision, 3 September) is a groundless attack on China’s Hong Kong policy and lacks basic historical knowledge.

According to the decision adopted by the standing committee of China’s National People’s Congress, starting from 2017, the selection of the Hong Kong chief executive may be implemented by universal suffrage. It means that if implemented smoothly, only 20 years after Hong Kong’s return to the motherland, 5 million eligible voters of its 7 million population will be able to directly elect the chief executive through one-person-one-vote for the first time in history. It shows the rapid progress in Hong Kong’s democratic development and the broad base of consensus it enjoys. Such a major step forward could only be dreamed of during the 150 years of British rule.

The Sino-British joint declaration of 1984 made no mention of universal suffrage. It is the Chinese government who first proposed selection of the Hong Kong chief executive by universal suffrage, which was then clearly written into the 1990 Hong Kong Basic Law. It is thus incomprehensible how the editorial can argue “reasonably” that “China has broken the promises it made”.

In conclusion, I would like to point out that the Chinese government is firmly dedicated to the development of various causes in Hong Kong, democratic politics included. At the same time, Hong Kong’s political structure needs to improve by gradual and steady progress. The pressing task now is to make that first step forward and reasonably conclude the political debate that has hung over Hong Kong society for 20 years. Only thus can Hong Kong concentrate on its development and keep its competitive edge.
Miao Deyu
Chinese embassy, London

Dogs Asbo (L), wearing a union flag and Joined forces: the English take too much pride in a tradition that can hold us back. Photograph: Andy Buchanan/AFP/Getty Images

Perhaps Westminster politicians should have spent more time creating a more equal and fair UK to help keep the union together rather than trying to act as policemen to the world with an overblown self-image, attitude and organisational way of operating across the UK that is a leftover from the UK as a colonial power, with Westminster reluctant to let go (Shock new poll says Scots set to vote yes to independence, 7 September). A more fair society can’t have all the power in one place. This is not just unfair, it is ridiculous.

Regardless of the outcome of the Scottish independence vote, more independence from Westminster will, I am sure, now be on the agenda for English regions, Wales and Northern Ireland in terms of more power to raise revenue and decide how it will be spent.

However, it might take a little while for Westminster politicians to catch up with this trend that started way back in faraway colonies that did eventually get their independence: God bless America! It can take a while for some things to sink in: the English take a tad too much pride in a tradition that can hold us back while holding us together.
Vaughan Thomas
Norwich

• Discussions of the forthcoming referendum on Scottish independence have been obscured by a fog of political mendacity and confidently presented spurious economics. There are two important points that have been ignored by many commentators. The first is that the Bank of England, despite its misleading name, is the central bank of the United Kingdom so that Scotland should have a part to play in the management of its assets, liabilities and operations.

The second is that the United Kingdom was formed by the union of two nations, England and Scotland, and the subsequent formalised unions with Wales and Ireland were with this United Kingdom, not with England. In the event of the primary union being dissolved, there would be no UK left because the political entity that Wales and Northern Ireland joined would have ceased to exist.

Portraying the UK as a confederation of four equivalent components is probably incorrect, even if politically convenient.
Peter Dryburgh
Edinburgh

• Deborah Orr is sad that an option for major reform of the union is not on the ballot in the Scottish referendum (Debate has intoxicated Scotland, 5 September), but it may be that that question really needs broader involvement of the people of these islands. The truth is that we don’t really know what will happen if the Scots vote to break up the status quo. Anything is possible, as Osborne’s comic rush to get reforms in place following single opinion poll putting the yes vote ahead: after years of being ignored in Westminster, the Scots can now shift policy overnight through an opinion poll. Who knows, if the yes vote in the next poll increases again we might find that it is possible to negotiate on Trident after all.

We don’t know what will happen after a yes vote, partly because many in the no camp refused to contemplate any form of constructive engagement. The details of the future relationship between Scotland and the rest of the United Kingdom will take time to sort out: doing so will be the responsibility of the government elected next May. A yes victory will make those May elections far more interesting than any these countries have seen in living memory, making critical decisions about the structure of our society and letting us south of the border share the intoxication now gripping Scotland.
Martin Juckes
Reading

• Simon Jenkins again calls for a non-monetary vision of the future of the UK to inspire a no vote and loyalty from its constituent parts (A yes vote will produce a leaner, meaner Scotland, 5 September), and on the same day Jeffrey Henderson (Letters) calls for a governmental federal structure to be established. I should like to put the two together and say that a federal structure would call for a federal capital and that its creation could be the basis for a new vision.

In December 2011, the centenary of the announcement of moving the capital of British India from Calcutta to Delhi, the Architectural Review published an article of mine arguing that a similar move should be considered for this country.

The reasons were both economic and political: the urgent need to spread prosperity and the pressure for development away from the south-east, and the political need for a structure where the capital of the UK was not also the capital of England.

A hundred years ago, wealth was fairly evenly distributed, with thriving industry in the north and west and commerce and government in the south-east. But with industry no longer thriving, everything – both government and commerce – is now concentrated in the south-east.

Commerce we cannot move, but government we can. The government whose duty is to serve the whole country equally should be located in the place where it can best do so.
James Dunnett
London

• Mark Tran (Ministers try the Quebec ploy, 7 September) might have mentioned that the Parti Québecois supports “sovereignty partnership” with the rest of Canada, which, among other things, would mean that a sovereign Quebec would retain the Canadian dollar and the Canadian military. Nor should it be forgotten that the Cree people are demanding that Québec reverts to its pre-1912 boundaries, whereby the Cree would achieve a form of confederated “culture-land” within the Canadian nation state.

The picture across Canada is complex, especially in Alberta and British Columbia in relation to the so-called Northern Gateway and the actual and potential destruction of the ecology and community lives of First Nation people and their neighbours. Canada today is far from being a country at ease with itself, and not just in Quebec.
Bruce Ross-Smith
Oxford

• I think Jonathan Freedland misunderstands what is happening in Scotland (If Britain loses Scotland, it will feel like an amputation, 5 September). The case being made for Scottish “separation” (sic) is notable in part precisely because, by proposing a currency union along with various measures of “social union”, it implicitly acknowledges that in today’s world total independence is impossible. The argument is: vote yes for a fresh start, on the basis of which we can then (through discussion and negotiation) develop areas of cooperation where it’s sensible; a new sort of union, then. The point about the fresh start is that it offers a way of jolting our sclerotic body politic off its deathbed. But a yes vote wouldn’t end interdependence, nor destroy the geo-cultural entity that is Britain.
Richard Middleton
Castle Douglas, Dumfries and Galloway

Referendum Campaigners call for a yes in the Scottish independence referendum, Edinburgh, 9 September 2014. Photograph: Murdo Macleod

People like me, psychologists who are aware of the power of the unconscious, are astonished by the lack of understanding shown by politicians, when, as with the coming referendum, policy and planning must be of concern to all the people. The word “yes” comes across as positive, full of energy and enthusiasm; “no” is felt as negative, passive, uncooperative.

For those concerned to keep the union, the slogan should have been: “Say yes to staying in the union, say no to not staying in the union.” Psychologists would have added a third slogan, “Yes to devo max”, in order to get past the crude polarity, and so increasing the chance of securing the yes. How clumsy the government has been to allow Alex Salmond to frame the choice (which concerns us all) in ways that suit him. Too late now – but what an opportunity lost.
Kate Springford
Lewes, East Sussex

• Whatever happens in Scotland’s referendum, can a new polity in both nations ensure that, in future, multi-option problems are resolved by multi-option ballots (Whatever Scots decide, the old order is dead and buried, 8 September)?

After all, a binary vote cannot measure consensus: with so many for and so many against, it calculates the very opposite, the degree of dissent.

Democratic decision-making should identify the collective will of those voting. Thus in multi-option preferential voting, people vote only in favour, albeit with varying degrees of enthusiasm, and the count identifies that option which enjoys the highest level of overall support.
Peter Emerson
Director, the de Borda Institute

• With the sudden awareness of the importance of the Scottish referendum vote (Last stand to keep the union, 8 September), perhaps David Cameron should start apologising. Would any rational person agree to a major constitutional change resting on a simple majority of one? A single Scottish voter could be tired or a bit tipsy, maybe ticks the wrong box or accidentally spoils the ballot paper, and as result, Scotland becomes independent. Is that really a sensible way of deciding such an important question?

And, as we know, there is “the morning after” effect, after some rash behaviour the evening before. Would not rationality have suggested that there should at least be a follow-up “confirmation” vote, one way or the other?
Peter Cave
London

• It seems increasingly likely that the Scottish referendum could be decided on a very small majority. In the case of a no vote this might seem a fair outcome, to preserve the status quo. In the case of a yes vote, the question should perhaps arise as to how large a majority should be decisive. The apparently uncertain results of Scotland becoming independent surely require a significant majority in favour, or else half the population is in effect kidnapping the other half on a journey into unknown and possibly dangerous territory.

Furthermore, if residence is the only qualification for voting, what is the value of the opinions of native Scots people who may, even quite temporarily, be living “abroad”? Conversely, what is the value of votes cast by non-Scottish natives who happen to be living, however temporarily, in Scotland?

In the case of a very close result, such considerations as these latter could raise serious disputation as to the validity of either outcome.
Ian King
Westbury on Severn, Gloucestershire

• Can it really be right, sensible and acceptable that this vote, which is going to be too close to call, could be decided on perhaps one vote?

Can it be right that such seismic change, such massive ramifications for not just Scotland but England, Wales and Northern Ireland as well, can be put in train when the Scottish people are so palpably of two minds? Surely we should demand a majority of at least 10%.

This generation of politicians, whom we thought had reached a nadir over the expenses scandal, has shown itself to be utterly incompetent and incapable – presiding, it seems, over the break-up of the nation they were elected to serve. They have been incapable of even conducting a debate of the issues, of explaining and clarifying; incapable of establishing proper criteria for the outcomes either way.

From snooty, arrogant sneering down south, to bombastic name-calling and lack of substance in Holyrood, the political class has conducted this issue like a playground squabble. It is to their eternal shame.

It is now so obviously time for massive and wholescale reform of the political system and the governmental structures in this country. If Scotland goes, so should the whole system.
Nigel Cubbage
Merstham, Surrey

• If the recent polls are to be believed, it seems that the Scottish independence referendum is effectively going to be a tie. We thus have a situation where the 8% or 9% of the population to whom the potential break-up of the United Kingdom has been delegated cannot agree among themselves. Consequently, a majority in favour of Scottish independence of half a dozen (or less) would determine the future of the 91% or so of us who are left in the rump of what was the United Kingdom. An impartial observer from the planet Mars would surely conclude that this was a curious way to run a democracy.

There is another issue that does not seem to have been addressed, namely, who is paying for this referendum? Is it the Scottish taxpayer or the British taxpayer? I have a nasty suspicion that I know the answer. And on an allied subject, I am rather resigned to paying for the knock-on costs of the split if Scotland votes yes, but has a wise government considered what these will actually be, and what effect they will have on the British economy (or what is left of it)?
Stephen Thair
Old Basing, Hampshire

Gordon Brown, Loanhead Miners Welfare Gordon Brown campaigns on the Scottish independence referendum at Loanhead Miners Welfare. Photograph: Murdo Macleod

It was intriguing to note George Osborne claim that there will be supposed “new” powers announced for the Scottish parliament over the next few days (Last stand to keep the union, 8 September).

These are not “new” powers and what will simply be outlined is a timetable on how the paltry powers already outlined by the unionist parties will be implemented in the event of a no vote. As an aside, it is intriguing to note that these same people refused to put this option on the ballot paper when given the opportunity to do so.

Over the next 10 days those wanting to retain the current union will throw everything bar the kitchen sink at the campaign to keep Scotland. Those voting no or who are undecided should ask themselves one simple question: “Why?”
Alex Orr
Edinburgh

• Arguing that Scotland could not go it alone is rather pointless, when one just has to look at the experience of Ireland (The clock ticks, the polls narrow, 8 September). If the Westminster parties are desperate enough in their desire to save the union, there are two things they could do. The first is to give an undertaking to remove all nuclear weapons from Scotland after a no vote. Since this will have to be done anyway after a yes vote, one might as well face up to it. Having the union and Faslane both is probably no longer a realistic expectation. Secondly, there needs to be a guarantee that after a no vote, under no circumstances will Scotland be dragged out of the EU. If this means giving an undertaking not to hold any in/out referendum, so be it; better no referendum than no UK.

These two measures would spike two of the yes campaign’s most powerful guns. They might be drastic, but if the union is to be preserved, drastic measures are now needed.
Roger Musson
Edinburgh

• Proposing greater powers for the Scottish parliament after a no vote is illogical. A no vote will be a vote for sweeping away all the time-wasting farrago of a “Scottish parliament” and “first minister”, and replacing them with two or three city regions, with councils and mayors.

It would be sensible if this were accompanied by a system of regional councils in England, but since there is currently no popular English enthusiasm for additional layers of local government, this should be deferred for further discussion.

Encouraging Gordon Brown to forget that he is no longer prime minister just emphasises how much the United Kingdom has suffered from Scottish Labour politicians’ obsession with sentimental nationalism rather than good government.
John Hall
Bristol

War illustration ‘The arms industry prospers with the world in chaos’. Photograph: Gillian Blease

On western intervention

“We look at banning a party that won an election in Egypt, and back a repressive general who mounts a coup; we back Israel regardless of its lethally disproportionate response to rocket attacks; and we arm a feudal regime in Saudi Arabia that exported religious extremism around the globe with devastating consequences” (The west can’t solve the crisis in Iraq, 29 August). What a perfect summary of the policies of the people who claim to occupy the moral high ground! It is not surprising that many young men, disaffected with their countries of origin, have decided to flee to join a movement that in their eyes looks more honest.
Lucila Makin
Cambridge, UK

• Your letter writers (Reply, 29 August) commenting on Timothy Garton Ash’s article in the 8 August edition, and many others of us, would agree bedlam is left behind wherever western nations interfere in the affairs of other states – with or without good intentions. The arms industry prospers with the world in chaos.

Is it not ironic that these same nations that first went into Iraq to liberate it from its demonic leader are now returning to save its people from each other?
Rosemary Kornfeld
Mittagong, NSW, Australia

Scottish independence

There’s a certain fascination for a non-Scot in watching the debate about independence. It’s not the profound questions such as how long the oil will last or what currency would an independent Scotland use that draw the attention (29 August) so much as the anticipation of the chaos that would inevitably result from a yes vote. Being British, I am certain that there will have been no advance planning on either side as to the practicalities resulting from a breakaway Scotland.

For example, has the UK passport office prepared a list of Scottish holders of UK passports so that cancellation of their passports can be efficiently undertaken? Has the list been provided to the NHS to facilitate deregistration from GP surgeries of Scots living in the UK? Are there plans and draft contracts for the construction of the border crossing posts?

And on the Scottish side, have the necessary ceremonies been planned to allow members of the Scottish armed forces to unswear allegiance to the British monarch? Has the new Scottish monarch been decided? King Alex I of the House of Salmond, perhaps?

And finally, how will Scotland compensate for the kudos lost as a result of the British Open no longer being played on Scottish golf courses?
Alan Williams-Key
Madrid, Spain

• As a Welshman I want Scotland to stay … true to their dreams. I believe in a better Scotland for future generations, where society really does look out for one another from cradle to grave. Some say if it ain’t broke, don’t fix it – with a million in poverty and one in five Scots children affected by poverty – it’s broken.

Surely nobody doubts a Scotland that has a huge amount of Europe’s oil and gas couldn’t manage? And importantly, for the first time, a written constitution. A truly democratic, equal, free-of-Trident and prosperous Scotland is just the start of creating a new, better, fairer relationship between all the nations of these islands. Go for it, Scotland!
Chris Davies
Denbugh, UK

How much power is enough?

How much power is needed to move four people about with reasonable levels of speed and comfort? Any Ford Focus owner will testify that 100kW (134 horsepower) is perfectly adequate, and yet European auto manufacturers are allowed – indeed encouraged – to produce luxury cars and SUVs with four times this power.

On the other hand, if a common citizen employs a mere 2kW for the task of cleaning their house they will be pounced upon by Eurocrats for wasting energy (29 August). What better example could there be of how the luxuries of the rich and powerful are treated differently from the necessities of the rest of us?
Graham Andrews
Spokane, Washington, US

• You seem to have printed a right-wing tabloid article. I don’t regard the unfiltered opinions of Which? magazine as international news. Why haven’t you made contact with the elected representatives and officials responsible for the legislation on energy efficiency, as well as their critics, and written a properly researched, informative news piece? Why are you presenting EU minimum standards as “restricting choice”?
Anne Whyte
Oud-Heverlee, Belgium

Trouble in Tasmania

Your story Tasmania to tear up forestry peace deal (29 August) may have looked like a routine triumph of commercial over environmental concerns, but it is more bizarre than that. The logging industry that the state’s new Liberal government is vowing to resuscitate had, only a decade ago, the highest proportional rate of native forest destruction in the OECD.

This was achieved by virtually gifting most of the enormous public forest harvest to private woodchip operators. Over half the industry jobs disappeared en route to the peak of the automated chipping frenzy a decade ago.

The new Liberal government, threatened by growing global concerns about climate change and sustainability, is considering ducking them through sales to China, burning trees for power generation and creating draconian laws against protests in the public forest “workplace”.

The scrapping of the peace deal, and the general hostility to conservation, may be best understood by analogy to the reactionary perversity that inspired the Afghan Taliban to dynamite the Bamiyan Buddhist sculptures.
John Hayward
Weegena, Tasmania, Australia

Importance of the siesta

Perhaps Stuart Heritage is unaware that in the majority of countries of the world a siesta is perfectly normal (29 August). A short sleep gives more energy for work in the second half of the day and this sensible habit is not restricted to hotter climates. In some cases it is even regarded as a right.

When we went to teach in China in the 80s we were at first taken aback to see that so many people appeared to be homeless and obliged to squat in their workplace. It was only later that we realised that the camp beds at the back of the room that you could see when you went into a store or a bank were there so that the workers could have their siesta.

The most blatant example of this was when I went to Lhasa and was told that the splendid hotel where I was lodged had recently been taken over by a private international company, but kept its local management. It seemed surprising that, although the hotel would often claim to be fully booked, if someone tried to make a reservation, a whole line of rooms on the top floor were never let.

Further investigation showed that they were regularly used by the staff for their siesta. And why not?
Pat Stapleton
Beaumont-du-Ventoux, France

Book superlatives

What a terrifically fascinating article by Nathan Filer (29 August), filled with inventive wit, jokes and many surprises. It is a piece of writing that is destined to move hundreds and thousands of book loving readers to tears. I ate up every single paragraph of this touching, funny and brilliant read and was left hungry for more. Filer is an author who is simply not from this world.

OK, so maybe I overdid this endorsement a little.

While reading the first few lines of Filer’s article on the superlatives in book blurbs, I was tempted to shout: “Well obviously!” Had I ever bought a book because of somebody’s quote on the cover? The answer is no.

There are also many varied works that I have been lured into reading by the simple phrase, “You must read this.” But sometimes I don’t even finish these.

So, yes, on the one hand never judge a book by those silly superlatives. But on the other hand don’t judge a book by however many people say it is an essential read.
Alexandra Wilbraham
Jena, Germany

Briefly

• Alison Flood’s Shortcuts column (15 August) described a children’s book, My Parents Open Carry, which the authors wrote because they had “looked for pro-gun children’s books and couldn’t find any”. Doubtless the pro-gun lobby loves it, and it probably won’t be long before the NRA nominates it for an award – perhaps a Bullitzer prize?
Ken Burns
Edmonton, Alberta, Canada

• Three of the sources quoted in your story on the British harvest, From berries to barley (29 August), are fine examples of nominative determinism. They should form a company to market natural foods. Their message would be admirably clear and moderate: Garner Wildish Oates.
Michael Appleby
Edinburgh, UK

Independent:

As an NHS doctor I have been greatly upset by the events surrounding the removal of Ashya King from Southampton general hospital, and the automatic and general assumption made by the media and the public in the early stages of the story that his parents were probably right to rescue their little boy from the clutches of an inadequate and uncaring NHS.

I qualified as a doctor in 2008 and worked for two years in the NHS before spending the next three years serving in the army. When I returned to the NHS last year I was astonished to find how low staff morale had sunk in my few years away.

Over the course of the past few months, my own morale has dipped to match that of my colleagues as I have more keenly felt the relentless onslaught of criticism that doctors, nurses, and other health professionals suffer from the media, politicians and medical-litigation industry.

The current exodus from general practice is a direct result of this: at a time when the government is trying to increase the number of GPs, one in three is retiring early, one in seven is leaving the country, and recruitment into general practice this year has fallen 15 per cent where previously it was rising.

The NHS is an easy target for the media and politicians, and those looking to criticise it can find any number of outlets. But trying to defend it feels like screaming into a vacuum. I cannot pretend that the NHS is a perfect system but there are good news stories out there that get very little, if any, coverage. For example, just this year the Commonwealth Fund rated the NHS as the best healthcare system in the world when compared to 10 other Western countries including the US, Canada and a handful of Scandinavian and northern European countries. This was widely reported in the US, which came last in the rankings, but did not seem to warrant a mention here in the UK.

I passionately believe that universal healthcare, free at the point of delivery, sets us above so many other countries and we should  be proud of this system rather than constantly denigrating it.

The NHS always has, and always will, rely on the goodwill of the people who work within it, the goodwill to go the extra mile, to work the extra hours and to work outside the exact terms of a job description, but I worry that the goodwill is running out as morale slumps.

The occasional pat on the back would go a long way towards remedying this and preventing the widespread apathy and dejection that could lead to the inexorable decline of the NHS.

Dr Adam Staten

New Malden, Surrey

I have much to thank Southampton hospital trust for, particularly the dedication they showed to our grandson, two weeks old at the time, and desperately ill. We didn’t see any arrogant doctors there – just a team of professionals dedicated to getting him better, which they did. But of course the media don’t seem interested in good-news stories when it comes to the NHS.

Mike Willson

Southwick, East Sussex

 

Two nations with different visions

When Yasmin Alibhai-Brown says she would like the British “nation” to stay as one (8 September) she surely means she would like the “state” to stay as one. A state is a politically organised area over which a central authority has jurisdiction. A nation is a group of people who think of themselves as being held together by a shared culture and common values.

The UK state contains at least three nations. Such a situation would not normally threaten the cohesion of the state. The danger arises when the values of any particular national group differ markedly from those of the state. This appears to be what is happening in the UK now, with the Scottish nation having a vision of a just society that is increasingly divergent from what Alibhai-Brown refers to as the “manic and ruthless Anglo-Saxon model”. In such a situation, centrifugal forces gather strength and the danger of political fragmentation arises.

That is what the Scottish referendum is all about; a nation with a set of ideals and values that have become radically different from those of the centralised state.

Clive Wilkinson

Morpeth, Northumberland

Your editorial (8 September) says that the No campaign has traded in fear. Not me. I have been debating in public with nationalists since November 2012, launched the Aberdeen Better Together campaign, introduced Gordon Brown when he spoke to a packed house in Aberdeen at the end of June, and opposed Elaine C Smith on BBC Any Questions? in Melrose at the end of August.

My line has been to accentuate the positive, an easy one to deliver from personal experience as a medical scientist and a regular TV and radio interviewee, because the British science system is far more successful than any other (except the US which spends far more), because the BBC is by far the best broadcasting system in the world, and most important of all, because Scottish involvement in both, from their foundation to today, has been, and is, integral to their success.

Hugh Pennington

Aberdeen

I’m not sure that all of those who will be voting Yes are confident of “a glorious future” as your editorial,  has it. However it will  be our mess, and not an Eton mess.

Joan Hoggan

Glasgow

The main argument of the No campaign is that people should vote out of economic self-interest. Their slogan might well have been “Better-off together”.

But, even if Scots could be persuaded that they might be “better off” staying in the UK, for many this would still not determine their vote.

Some people choose self-employment, with its attendant financial risks, rather that work for a boss or a company they don’t like. People take early retirement, go part-time, move to lesser paid jobs etc – all to improve their quality of life, knowing they will not be better off financially. The No campaign seems  to regard the voters as wholly materialistic. But many are not.

John Boaler

Calne, Wiltshire

It seems odd that the Yes campaign do not want to be governed by Whitehall but are happy to be governed from Brussels.

T Sayer

Bristol

Scotland has long since ceased to be remotely Tory and the Conservatives in power might well see it as more of a liability to them than as an asset to the nation. David Cameron is perhaps not as dumb as he looks. The Conservatives would surely prefer to remain in power at the helm of a smaller union than to lose everything for a decade or more next year.

Alex Salmond may have the reputation for being sly, but it could be Cameron who’s pulling the fast one.

Paul Dunwell

Bedford

There has been a feverish scramble by Westminster to ensure that Scotland remains in the union, but I have had no contact from my MP asking for my views.

I could, however, give him many clear answers: my son, as an English student, will leave university with around £30,000-worth of debt; I have a chronically ill relative who relies on repeat prescriptions at an extortionate regular cost; and we have an elderly relative who has now sadly used up most of her life savings to enjoy a decent level of care in the community. In Scotland all of these aspects are free and are funded by UK revenue, largely down to the taxes paid by the English who represent well over 93 per cent of the UK population.

I welcome Scottish independence because it will mean that I no longer have to subsidise Scotland through the outdated Barnett formula. The Government is bending over backwards to please Scotland… but not on my behalf. Who speaks up for the honest, law-abiding English taxpayer?

Trevor Freeman

Lowestoft, Suffolk

 

It now seems possible that Scotland will become independent and that the country I was born in and which has always been my home will cease to exist.

That this is even possible should be a source of consuming shame to politicians in both major Westminster parties: the Tories because they have driven Scotland to this by running Britain for the exclusive benefit of a small number of extremely rich people; and the Labour Party for failing to offer even a faint hope of anything better.

John Harries

Reading

 

Perfect baby coverage

I’ve read The Independent since it was first published in 1986, and if ever I needed a reason to continue reading it (which I don’t), that reason can be found on page 16 of the paper of 9 September. Four lines of type under the headline “Monarchy; second royal baby expected”. Perfect.  A news report without any of the gushing, fawning, or sycophantic drivel that we can expect from the other papers on a daily basis,  ad infinitum.

And judging by the Letters page of the same edition, I’m not the only person who feels like this.

Peter Henderson

Worthing, West Sussex

Times:

The Scottish referendum debate has split the country in two. Is it time for the Queen to intervene?

Sir, When the American colonies were lost in 1782 (leading article, Sept 8), George III stubbornly refused to accept his prime minister’s resignation. Lord North had to submit it several times, wailing that he could not remain after having brought about “the ruin of my King and country”. The monarch eventually acquiesced. Should Scotland be lost next week, it is unlikely that David Cameron would encounter similar royal resistance if a sense of honour should lead him to conclude that, as leader of the Conservative and Unionist party, he ought not to remain in office. George Osborne, the strategic mastermind, ought to consider his position too.

Lord Lexden

London SW1

Sir, As Head of State in the United Kingdom, the Queen should address the nation. This is the one time in her reign when she must take this initiative, overriding her ministers if necessary. She has a unique insight into the affairs of her realm that spans more than 60 years.
If she is convinced of the benefits of the union, she must speak out to ask the Scottish people to stay in the United Kingdom.

Andrew Y Finlay

Llandaff, Cardiff

Sir, The opinion polls put the Yes/No vote neck and neck. This means that the future of the United Kingdom has been potentially placed in the hands of a few thousand 16-year-old Scottish schoolchildren, given that they have unwisely been offered voting rights in the referendum (or, alternatively, a few thousand EU migrants who happen to be living temporarily in Scotland).

DC Martin

Nailsea, Somerset

Sir, Whether Scotland remains in the union or becomes independent is for the Scottish people to decide. However, if the Scots vote to remain in the union and achieve “devo max” as promised by the three leading UK political parties yesterday, then the West Lothian question has to be resolved. The English people cannot be expected to endure indefinitely Scottish involvement in our government when English representatives have no similar standing north of the border.

We need a level playing field or the union will become more threatened by English than Scottish opinion. In the meantime the conspiracy of silence among the Conservative, Labour and Lib Dem parties on the matter is not encouraging. Another issue for Ukip to exploit?

J Stratford

Brassey Green, Cheshire

Sir, As part of the 2012 Edinburgh agreement, the two governments agreed that the referendum should “deliver a fair test and a decisive expression of the views of people in Scotland and a result that everyone will respect”. If the outcome of the referendum is a narrow win for the “Yes” campaign, how could it be said that the referendum had delivered a decisive expression of the views of people in Scotland?

Peter Knowles

Bradwell, Devon Sir, We have had an avalanche of articles saying what a disaster Scottish independence would be, but not one pointing out the potential economic benefits for the rest of the UK, especially cities in the north of England, where many businesses would relocate from Scotland — unless the SNP watered down its socialist policies.

David Hutchison

Ewhurst Green, E Sussex

Sir, Scotland might get its freedom — paid for mainly by its oil and gas. So why wouldn’t the Shetland islanders then make a bid for independence from Scotland? They are a people who have as much in common with Edinburgh as most Scots do with London. Independence and ownership of the natural resources surrounding the Shetlands could give a huge boost to the islanders’ community wealth.

M Stanley

Malvern, Worcs

Sir, As a descendant of Sir Walter Scott I empathise with the romance and idealism behind the “Yes” campaign, the vision of a fairer society, etc — but all this is already in the hands of the Scottish government. If the “Yes” vote is partly to register disenchantment with the government at Westminster, people should look at the government in Edinburgh and ask whether its record is any better.

With the latest commitments to devolve further powers given a “No” vote, I hope voters will think long and hard about their decision.

Daphne Brotherton

London W8

Sir, Until earlier this week I was a firm voter for “No”. However, I am strongly opposed to any further powers being devolved to Holyrood and still more opposed to the federal UK that will almost necessarily follow — without any mandate from the other members of the union. Pity there is no “devo min” option. Do I now abstain or even vote “Yes”?

Dr Michael Tait

Campbeltown, Argyll

Sir, Advocates of “Better Together” should stop talking of “independence”, an emotionally powerful and positive word, and speak instead of “separation”, which is altogether more neutral and diagnostic. We Scots are already independent in the same way as are all other citizens of the UK. The lines of battle are between unionists and separatists, not between those seeking freedom and those who, by inference, subjugate them.

Archie Currie

Winchester

Sir, I find it very strange that such a momentous decision can be decided on a tiny majority, possibly as low as one. Surely it should be at least two thirds.

Richard Maude

Bosham, W Sussex

Sir, Last month, at Tiree airport in the Inner Hebrides, I unveiled a memorial to 16 Second World War Coastal Command aircrew who lost their lives in a mid-air collision over the then RAF Tiree. My father was the captain of one of the two Handley Page Halifax aircraft in the collision.

It upsets me to think that the United Kingdom for which my father gave his life may shortly cease to exist.

Ken Organ

Sheffield

Countrywide, predators such as magpies and sparrowhawks ‘have no negative impact whatsoever on native songbird species’

Sir, Clive Aslet (Sept 9) claims that “the jury is out” on the impact of predators on songbird populations. No it isn’t. The jury, in the form of numerous scientific papers, delivered its unanimous verdict long ago by showing conclusively that, countrywide, predators such as magpies and sparrowhawks have no negative impact whatsoever on native songbird species. Paradoxically, the presence of predators can have a beneficial effect on songbirds, by causing the latter to be lighter in weight and thus fitter and more agile in escaping possible predation.

Dr Sir Christopher Lever, Bt

Winkfield, Berks

Without solicitors, parents are being driven to the courts and to representing themselves

Sir, Making court rules simpler to help families to navigate the justice system is helpful but masks the real problem: families being in court in the first place. Solicitors steer families away from the courts and towards alternatives such as mediation. When mediation does not work, they encourage clients towards appropriate settlement of cases rather than fully contested hearings. Without solicitors, parents are being driven to the courts and to representing themselves (report, Sept 8, and letter, Sept 9).

The government’s cuts to legal aid, which came into force in April 2013, could easily cost more than the intended savings. Removing solicitors from the process is a false economy. It is the families fighting in court and their children who will suffer most.

Andrew Caplen

President, the Law Society

Man has rated these wonderful fish for centuries, but flying salmon? Leave that to the airlines

Sir, The “Salmon Cannon” (Sept 8) might make upstream migration less arduous and less traumatic but what about the returning fish (kelts) wanting to get back to the sea to recover from spawning or the young salmon (smolts) journeying to the sea to feed grow and mature? A device that sucks thousands of live fish through a tube at 22mph could not possibly cater for them — and certainly not for the Atlantic salmon in British rivers.

Pity the poor salmon. Man has rated these wonderful creatures for centuries, but flying salmon? Please leave that to the airlines.

Stephen M Fielding

Kirkbrae, Galashiels

Neonicotinoids ‘affect all insects as well as birds and other wildlife that encounter them in sufficient amounts’

Sir, Rob Yorke says that neonicotinoid insecticides “target specific pests” (Nature Notebook, Aug 16). This is misleading — they are broad spectrum toxins that affect all insects as well as birds and other wildlife that encounter them in sufficient amounts.

It is also unhelpful to give the impression that these chemicals do not target “bees and hoverflies”. While neonicotinoid use is intended to reduce populations of certain pests, there is significant collateral damage; 500 dead queen bumblebees were recently found containing high levels of neonicotinoids next to a field of oil seed rape at Havering, east London.

Dozens of scientific papers have now shown that the levels of neonicotinoids found in arable fields reduce the foraging and breeding success of bees. A partial ban is in place and for the sake of our bees and our food supply this ban should be broadened and extended.

Matt Shardlow

Chief executive, Buglife

Telegraph:

SIR – A report by Her Majesty’s Inspectorate of Constabulary some years ago found Britain’s current set-up of 43 police forces unsuited to the 21st century.

Many small forces remain ill-equipped to tackle cross-border crime and the high cost of senior officers’ salaries is an obvious duplication. The expensive appointment of Police and Crime Commissioners has compounded an already inefficient system.

I am no fan of Alex Salmond, but, as a retired senior police officer, I think that what he has done for the police in Scotland – reducing it to a single force, apparently without resistance or difficulty – is a model for England and Wales. Reducing the number of forces in England and Wales from 43 to nine, as well as scrapping PCCs, would free up enough money to give this country the police structure it so desperately needs.

Peter Power
Lyndhurst, Hampshire

Boarding as care

SIR – The potential of a boarding school education to transform the lives and prospects of vulnerable children is something that Buttle UK can well attest to.

For years our charity has placed young people, many of whom would otherwise have ended up in care, at independent and state boarding schools.

Between 70 and 80 per cent of the children we fund get five or more GCSEs at grades A* to C each year, compared with just 15 per cent of pupils in the care of social services nationally.

Evidence suggests boarding can also increase employability and reduce the chances of offending and homelessness.

Gerri McAndrew

Chief Executive, Buttle UK
London SW1E

Heavenly umpire

SIR – As author of The Reluctant Umpire and a member of the Jewish faith, may I offer my services for the upcoming Vatican versus Church of England cricket match?

I am sure that my intense neutrality in the outcome of the match will suit both sides and their true Umpire-in-Heaven.

Robbie Book
London N20

Business and the EU

SIR – As economists and economic commentators we are writing to add our voices to the growing demands for a new relationship between Britain and the European Union and to express our support for an in-out referendum.

For too long the debate over Britain’s EU membership has been characterised by half-truths and outright fabrications. The misleading claim that millions of jobs would be lost if Britain were to leave the EU has been comprehensively disproved.

Research shows that British business wants a substantial change in Britain’s relationship with the EU. If negotiations by the Government fail to secure better terms, there is nothing to fear from Britain leaving.

Britain’s prosperity increasingly depends on its ability to trade with the whole world, not just its European neighbours. In 1980 the EU accounted for more than 30 per cent of world GDP; today that figure is less than 19 per cent. The share of British exports to the rest of the EU has fallen by 10 per cent in the past 10 years alone.

We need to move beyond a 20th-century economic mindset and be free to develop our links with the rising economies outside Europe.

Dr Ruth Lea
Chairman, Economists for Britain

Roger Bootle
Managing Director, Capital Economics

Bryan Gould
Former Labour shadow cabinet member

John Greenwood
Chief Economist, Invesco Ltd

Professor Philip Booth
Editorial and Programme Director, IEA
Professor of Insurance and Risk Management, Cass Business School

Ryan Bourne
Head of Public Policy, Institute of Economic Affairs

Keith Boyfield
Executive Director, Keith Boyfield Associates

Dr Eamonn Butler
Director, Adam Smith Institute

Mike Denham
Research Fellow, The TaxPayers’ Alliance

Dr David Green
Chief Executive, CIVITAS

Dr Oliver Hartwich
Executive Director, The New Zealand Initiative

David Lascelles
Senior fellow and joint founder of the Centre for the Study of Financial Innovation

Neil MacKinnon
Global Macro Strategist, VTB Capital

Professor Kent Matthews
Associate Dean for Engagement and Professor of Money and Banking, Cardiff University

John Mills
Chairman and Founder of JML

Iain Murray
Vice President for Strategy, Competitive Enterprise Institute, Washington DC

David Myddleton
Professor D R Myddelton, Emeritus Professor of Finance and Accounting, Cranfield School of Management

Brian Reading
Former economics adviser to Edward Heath

Professor Colin Robinson
Advisory Council Institute of Economic Affairs and Emeritus Professor, Surrey University

David B Smith
Beacon Economic Forecasting

Professor Phil Whyman
Professor of Economics, Business, Economics and International Business, University of Central Lancashire

Damon de Laszlo
Chairman, Economic Research Council

Saving your skin

SIR – When you have written on your banana skin, and then eaten the banana within, don’t forget its final use: as the best fertiliser for a rose bush. Simply wrap the skin round the base of the rose.

Julia Evans
Beganne, Morbihan, France

Fancy that

SIR – My wife and I have been married for more than 30 years and have only just realised that our respective parents were married on the same day, September 9 1939 – 75 years ago today.

David Bishop
London SW16

Britain is not to blame for migrants in Calais

SIR – Nathalie Bouchart, the mayor of Calais, not only blames Britain for the immigrants on her doorstep, but also seems to expect us to take responsibility for them. Surely the fact that France is a signatory of the Schengen agreement is what has allowed the immigrants to get there in the first place.

Nigel Godfrey
Caerphilly, Glamorgan

SIR – I was dismayed to read that the Italian authorities have been waving illegal immigrants through without taking any personal details or fingerprints.

Immigrants are supposed to apply for asylum in the first free country they arrive in, so France should be sending them back to Italy to be processed properly, not trying to close Calais down.

Carola Magill
London SW18

SIR – It is a legal requirement in France to carry some form of identification at all times, so why are the French not arresting these migrants, who have no papers or passports and are apparently trying to get into Britain? How did they manage to get so far across France without needing to show their papers?

Perhaps Britain should introduce ID cards and deport anyone without a card or passport back to the Continent.

Zigi Davenport
Eardisland, Herefordshire

Brewing ambition: a barista prepares a syphon coffee on National Coffee Day in Colombia Photo: AFP/Getty

6:59AM BST 09 Sep 2014

CommentsComments

SIR – Frances O’Grady, the general secretary of the TUC, argues that a coffee barista is not a high-quality job with prospects.

We at Costa Coffee could not disagree more. The hospitality sector employs 10 per cent of Britain’s workforce, which accounts for more than 2.7 million jobs. We must not dismiss the contribution the sector makes to the wider economy or underestimate the opportunities for progression available to those working in these jobs. We provide development opportunities and have had many success stories, with 65 per cent of team members on our internal development programmes achieving promotion into more senior roles.

Our own master of coffee, Gennaro Pelliccia, who is responsible for the quality of all Costa coffee, started as a barista in the 1990s. The sky is the limit.

Jason Cotta
Managing Director, Costa Retail UK
Dunstable, Bedfordshire

Irish Times:

Sir, – Minister for Health Leo Varadkar has decided to implement some of the findings of the recent McLoughlin report on reducing costs in health insurance (“Varadkar seeks price freeze deal with health insurers”, Front Page, September 8th).

In a report that deserved wider attention, Pat McLoughlin concluded that private patients are poorly served by our current insurance model of care, with its lack of an integrated and comprehensive approach in both primary and secondary care.

The insurance industry says it has to raise its premiums to keep up with changes in medical practice. It seems wedded to this reactive approach even as it loses members.

The introduction of competition has meant our insurers are more concerned with vying with each other for a declining market than they are with becoming players in the healthcare system.

Instead of developing healthcare incentives that can leverage change in our health system, they market complex plans that confuse subscribers. I heard one company recently proclaim that they now had 100 plans available for “customers to choose from”.

All over the developed world everyone agrees that secondary care is too expensive, often inappropriate and cannot be delivered effectively without a vibrant primary care sector. The management of patients with common chronic illnesses such as diabetes, hypertension and obstructive airways disease are good examples of illnesses that needs more and considerably less expensive GP input.

All the international evidence points to general practice as the single biggest moderator of costs in healthcare. Countries with well-functioning general practice spend less of their gross national product on health than those, like ours, with less well-resourced general practice.

If our health insurers want to become involved in delivering appropriate and affordable care to a growing number of patients, this will involve structuring a payments system that rewards integrated and comprehensive medicine.

This cannot be done in an insurance culture that has little or no expertise in general practice. The answers to these questions matter because our health insurers are letting the modern world of healthcare development pass them by. Government needs to facilitate the industry to become players in healthcare with modernised legislation, giving them a place in policy development in return for a commitment to best international practice.

We now know the Minister has read the McLoughlin report and our health insurers would be wise to read it again and act on it in order to serve patients better. – Yours, etc,

TOM O’DOWD, MD

Professor of General

Practice,

School of Medicine,

Trinity College Dublin,

Dublin 2.

Sir,– Fintan O’Toole is to be commended for his article questioning the value of the veneration of recently deceased political leaders (“Turning our dead taoisigh into ‘great leaders’”, Opinion & Analysis, September 9th).

Living in London, I was shocked by the glorification of Margaret Thatcher at the time of her death, and it was certainly interesting to see a similarly beatific portrayal of Albert Reynolds in the national media upon his passing.

While it is easier to write a laudatory piece of prose upon the death of a former leader, Fintan O’Toole should be praised for embracing the ambiguity and conflicting viewpoints that most often surround a life in politics. – Yours, etc,

MARK CURRAN,

Southwark Park Road,

Bermondsey,

London.

Sir, – Prescription drugs can cost from from four to seven times more in the Republic of Ireland compared to Northern Ireland. Sick people are being cheated and this is wrong.

Leo Varadkar has been told he is powerless to change this situation (“Minister told by department officials he has no power to set drug prices”, September 6th).

There is something the minister could do – he could permit Irish people to fill their prescriptions by mail order from Northern Ireland. It is already legal to use an Irish prescription in a Northern pharmacy; however, regulations issued by Micheál Martin in 2003 forbid patients from ordering their medicines online. Like other European countries, the UK has a functioning system of regulating and permitting pharmacies to fill prescriptions by mail order, posting the goods to the address on the prescription.

Who are we protecting with this rule? Northern Irish pharmacists may post prescription drugs to their Northern customers, yet their attempts to ship to the South are intercepted at the border. Annually we hear the Irish Medicines Board issuing dire warnings about the threat from drugs ordered on the internet, as if Boots were some kind of drug smuggling outfit.

If Mr Varadkar wishes to give Irish people fair drug prices, he merely needs to wave his ministerial pen and cancel this harmful regulation. – Yours, etc,

Cllr OSSIAN SMYTH,

Montpelier Place,

Monkstown,

Co Dublin.

Sir, – Like Mary Feely (“School uniforms not fit for purpose”, Opinion & Analysis, September 3rd), I never cared for wearing a school uniform during the “best days of my life”. While I do “get” a lot of her points, her prescription for comfort of the child’s PE outfit of tracksuit, polo shirt and trainers leaves a lot to be desired.

God help us if this is what has come to be deemed acceptable for mainstream daywear in 2014. Yet, of course, she is right and it is deemed acceptable. We can see that all around. Neatness of dress is rapidly becoming anachronistic. However, the purpose of a “tracksuit” is explained in its title. Why must everything be dumbed down under the justification of “comfort” and “convenience”?

Sure, the A-line skirt or V-neck sweater might be tweaked for something less “horribly scratchy” but not at the expense of steering children towards of some degree of professional attire, and while Ms Feely (and many others) may find men’s neckties passé, some, albeit a minority, of men still appreciate how a nice, elegant tie sets off a neat suit.

There is a difference to be drawn between comfortably casual and sloppy. Tracksuits in the classroom would be in the latter category and a poor example to instil in children for their future. – Yours, etc,

DAVID MARLBOROUGH,

Rowanbyrn,

Blackrock, Co Dublin.

Sir, – In two weeks, the Taoiseach will travel to the United Nations in New York, to join other world leaders in a review of the global strategy to tackle some of the world’s biggest problems.

That strategy was agreed in the year 2000, and is based on eight goals that the global community is set to achieve next year.

Now, with less than 500 days to go until the deadline, the verdict is that the recipe agreed 14 years ago is working, but that rich countries have not kept their side of the bargain.

While enormous progress has been made on the seven “Millennium Development Goals” for which developing countries are responsible, progress on the eighth target, which is the responsibility of the West, has been patchy.

Rich countries have by and large resisted the much-needed reform of the unfair trade rules that keep people locked in poverty, and have failed to deliver the increases in overseas aid that they committed to.

But it is not too late. Ireland has gained great global influence on the basis of our undeniable commitment to a fairer, more stable world and our willingness to invest in the policies and structures the United Nations are promoting. We do that, because we know that as a small, open economy, Ireland depends on its global reputation as a reliable partner and as a people that keeps its promises.

The Taoiseach now has the chance to announce to the world that Ireland intends to honour its commitments to the Millennium Development Goals and that we will reverse six years of cuts to the aid budget.

Such a decision would not just get our aid programme back on track, it will also help bring about the stable and fairer world that Ireland needs for its own prosperity. – Yours, etc,

HANS ZOMER,

Dóchas,

1-2 Baggot Court,

Lower Baggot Street,

Dublin 2.

Sir, – What joy to read of Inis Mór’s “energy independence” initiatives in Lorna Siggins’s report (“Sun, seaweed, rubbish: the theme of the newest Aran Islands tour”, September 6th). The people of the island got together and decided to use the island’s own resources to begin to create a situation where the island will be “energy independent” by 2022. Insulating houses, harnessing the power of sun and wind, together with recycling, are combining to ensure goals of energy self-sufficiency will be met.

Among the backers of this initiative is the EU project Remote (Renewable Energy Training & Demonstration Network for Remote Communities).

Why can this not be done across the whole country? Jobs would be created and education and training services protected. There would be reductions in energy imports, energy consumption and carbon emissions.

Reductions in energy costs means more money in people’s pockets, which could result in more local spending, hence more local employment. More employment means more money in the government’s coffers, and less spending on unemployment services.

High stress levels and illnesses exacerbated by living in cold, damp environments caused by poor housing design and exorbitant energy costs would be reduced, resulting in savings in health services.

Another bonus would be a surge in the creative mind-set where citizens can use their energy, skills and imagination positively. This cannot happen when people are burdened with constant worry about increasing energy costs and health consequences. This increase in creative thinking would result in more jobs.

I know we have enormous levels of national debt. I also know that money can be found when the will is there.

All of the above would be a massive investment in our people and our own resources – a massive investment with an immense return.

Why can this not be done? – Yours, etc,

TRISH McHALE,

Ballyedmond,

Clonbern,

Co Galway.

Sir, – Una Mullally makes some very sweeping generalisations and accusations about supposed “intentional, sexist bias” on Irish radio (“Women need to raise the volume on radio exclusion”, Opinion & Analysis, September 8th).

In particular, she makes reference to “gender imbalance” on Today FM. As Ireland’s most popular entertainment-based radio station, Today FM has always provided equal opportunities to new and experienced broadcasters, on the basis of merit and ability. Over the course of 17 years, the station has encouraged and developed new broadcasting talent, right across the spectrum of skills required for a national commercial station, regardless of gender.

The most recent programming recruits in Today FM have been primarily female. This is alongside frontline female presenters who have been here for many years and a full female line-up of news anchors. Furthermore, women are the primary producers across all of our main shows on weekdays and at weekends and have a major influence on our output.

Regarding our supposed gender imbalance, Ms Mullaly correctly points out that the majority of our primetime presenters are male. Contrary to her view, this is not “sexist bias” at play. It is a function of broadcasters, regardless of gender, winning and holding the support of audiences every day, through the connection that they have established with listeners. This is what has made Today FM the most popular radio station in the country, particularly amongst women under 45.

Ms Mullally would do well to look at her own newspaper before commenting erroneously on the radio sector. A simple analysis of 65 bylined articles in Monday’s edition of your newspaper shows that just 13 were by women. – Yours, etc,

PETER McPARTLIN,

Chief Executive,

Today FM,

Digges Lane, Dublin 1.

Sir, – Frank McNally in his Irishman’s Diary of September 4th and his commentator PN Corish are probably too young to remember correctly the Dublin paper boys’ cries.

In my youth, the date of which I will not disclose, the cry started with “Hairdle a Mayell”. It then broadened to include an upstart to become “Hairdle a Mayell Evenan Pressss”.

With the passage of time it became “Hairdle a Mayell a Press”. After the unlamented death of the “Mayell” it was shortened to “Hairdle a Press” later “Hairapress”, not “Herpes”. This is how false legends are born. For shame! – Yours, etc,

CHRISTOPHER WOOD,

Upper Glenageary Road,

Dún Laoghaire,

Co Dublin.

Sir,– In the early 1960s a paperboy called a veritable litany outside St Augustine’s church on Sunday mornings: “Press, Independent, People, Express, Review, Times — paypur!” – Yours, etc,

JOHN O’MAHONY,

Cabinteely,

Dublin 18.

Sir, – Not a street cry but a Saturday night pub call – “Press, Indo, Tribune, Wordild!” – Yours, etc,

J GERARD OSBORNE,

Grattan Lodge,

Hole in the Wall Road,

Dublin 13

Sir, – As someone who grew up living above my father’s barber shop in Dublin’s Mary Street, we were all very familiar with the cries from the family of newspaper sellers who for three generations sold evening newspapers outside our front door. Now, unfortunately, the cries of the independent newspaper sellers have been replaced with the cry of the illegal cigarette and tobacco sellers – “Bacco!” – Yours, etc,

GARY F PERRY,

Goatstown Road,

Dublin 14.

Sir, – My 23-year-old brother has rented an apartment in Dublin over the past two years. His contract was due to be renewed when the landlord informed him that the rent was going to be increased by €250 per month “in line with changes in the market”. Have we learned nothing about controlling a volatile property sector?

In France and other EU countries there are strict limits on increases in rent for existing tenants precisely to prevent this market taking on a mind of its own.

Our precariously perched economy can only take so many hits and it doesn’t help that regulatory bodies have once again seemingly excused themselves from responsibility. – Yours, etc,

PEADAR KING,

McDara Road,

Shantalla,

Galway.

Sir, – Padraig J O’Connor (September 8th) is right to be irritated by the number of broken biscuits in a packet these days. But equally annoying is the design of these packets. Most are impossible to open without taking a knife to them and those that can be easily unwrapped have their perforations almost a third of the way down. Hence, when opened, the required one biscuit does not appear, but four or more tumble out onto the table or the floor, and break! It drives me crackers. – Yours, etc,

BERNARD FARRELL,

Redford Park,

Greystones, Co Wicklow.

Sir, – You report that, according to Department of Transport research, speed cameras saved 71 lives in the past three years (September 6th).

Can you inform us whether or not the Department of Transport has notified those fortunate individuals, and congratulated them on their survival? They might wish to show their appreciation; perhaps by sponsoring the speed camera involved for a period of five years or so. – Yours, etc,

GERARD CLARKE,

Castlebrook,

Dundrum,

Dublin 16.

Sir, – The obituary of Rita Moynihan (August 23rd) errs in its reference to the “Aghabullogue team that won the first All-Ireland in 1884”. Aghabullogue took the title in 1890, three years after Thurles became the first winning team. – Yours, etc,

SHANE FORDE,

Model Farm Road,

Cork.

Irish Independent:

It has been implied in certain quarters that the economic boom and bust of the past ten years is related to the fact that the Dail is 85pc male.

It’s worth pointing out that in 2010 in Britain the Labour Party government had 98 female members out of a total of 355 MPs, ie was 27pc female.

This was in keeping with party policy, which since 1997, has been deliberately aimed at greatly increasing the percentage of its MPs who are female. Nevertheless, the UK has had similar economic ups and downs to our own during the same ten-year period (2004 to the present). This does not suggest that the mere fact of having considerably more female members of parliament results in a better quality of public representative or a better quality of decision-making on public policy.

As for the way in which Dail candidates are selected, we can be sure that, quotas or otherwise, the criteria for the selection of female candidates will be the same as for their male counterparts, ie having the right connections, having the right views and being willing to toe the party line when required. This is not a recipe for having a better quality of public representative.

Surely the answer to having a better quality of public representative (and, by extension, better decision-making at national level) is to have a political system that encourages people of the right calibre, regardless of gender, etc, to put themselves forward for selection in the reasonable expectation that they will be selected, and not to be obsessed with extraneous matters such as ‘balance’, whether in relation to gender or otherwise, which have no bearing on the quality of individual candidates?

Hugh Gibney, Castletown, Athboy, Co Meath

Hate poisons Israeli situation

Is Ted O’Keeffe (‘Israel should look to itself’, September) suggesting that the Israeli ambassador to Ireland “promptly takes himself off to Palestine and help promote [democratic values] … particularly among that particular groups of his fellow men who are clearly not familiar with such notions as applying to their neighbours” among the Arab population? If he is then perhaps he should recall that on September 12, 2005, Israel withdrew Gaza, leaving industrial buildings, factories, and greenhouses intact to provide a basis for its economic development. Within days these were destroyed by those whose blind hatred of anything Israeli overrode any benefit they might have had from it.

This is by no means an isolated incident but, on the contrary, typical of its knee-jerk reactions to anything Israel may do or say, as is clear from the rioting and destruction after the murder of an Arab youth by a mentally-deranged Jew last July. That the culprit was apprehended by the Israeli police within days did nothing to calm the situation, which continues to flair up. Somehow I fear that ambassador Boaz will have little influence on these people and I suggest Mr O’Keeffe investigate other avenues to make them familiar with “respect for democracy, for dialogue and hospitality”.

Martin D Stern, Salford, England

President’s visit an irrelevancy

Wasn’t there something incongruous about a visit by President Michael D Higgins to homeless families in Dublin?

Here is a man on a salary of €250,000 a year, living in a mansion with servants and drivers, sent to console those who have nothing and who have been abandoned by the state he represents.

What was achieved by the visit? Apart from highlighting the great divide between those who are cushioned by the state and those on the margins looking in? As a nation we have lost our sense of outrage.

John Leahy, Wilton Road, Cork

Beware the other risen people

I notice that history is never mentioned in debate re the coming Scottish Independence referendum. The Scots are Celts; the English are Anglo-Saxons.

This may seem totally irrelevant and even in bad taste in this enlightened day and age, but blood is thicker than water. The English were never invited in. I suspect Burns’ gut feeling of righteous resentment still runs deep in many Scottish hearts, and will surface and prove a telling factor on polling-day.

Sean McElgunn, Belcoo, Enniskillen, Co Fermanagh

The fight against suicide

Recently, the Samaritans introduced a new freephone number (116123). Many people with mobile devices use Skype or other web-based phone facilities. These can not contact the new Samaritans number. Would it be simple to set up a Skype contact for access over the web? This is a more modern method for making calls, especially for younger people. Ease of making such a contact must be vital in combating the terrible affliction of suicide.

Brendan Chapman, Booterstown, Co Dublin

Hanafin incriminates herself

Mary Hanafin is correct to conclude the electorate are “absolutely not ready” to put Fianna Fail back in Government (September 8). But perhaps she should apply the same logic to her own ambitions and explain why they should be prepared to put her back in the Dail after her role in the destruction and misery caused by the governments of which she was a member?

Why does she think that the electorate should reject her party, but elect her? It’s a bit rich of Ms Hanafin to accuse her colleagues of “looking after their own seats” when she comes out with this kind of self-serving waffle.

Barry Walsh, Clontarf, Dublin 3

Islam and Irish schools

I totally agree with Ian O’Doherty’s article on Mr Selim’s “suggestions” for concessions to accommodate Muslim students in our schools. Mr O’Doherty is voicing the concerns of many people in Ireland – and kudos to him for having the courage to express them!

We have to address these issues more openly and realised that the term “racist” is very often used by the intolerant themselves to stifle any reasonable debate.

Our too-liberal government would do well to read this article, too.

G Byrne, Co Wicklow

Coveney must tackle Coillte

Shane Phelan reports that Coillte, a commercial State company operating under the auspices of the Minister for Agriculture has refused to disclose the remuneration of the acting chief executive, even to the Government.

Surely this an instance of the board of Coillte not seeing the wood for the trees. There is an overriding obligation on all State bodies to act transparently as public entities. The guidelines for State bodies states explicitly and unequivocally that there is a requirement for the chairman and boards of all State bodies to implement government pay policy in relation to the total remuneration of the chief executive, or equivalent. How can this be demonstrated to the public, in this instance, from a posture of contrived clandestine secrecy?

The acting chief executive of Coillte has been an employee since 1992 and held this acting role since March 2013. The audit and risk committee of Coillte includes a board member appointed by the Minister in 2010 after his retirement as Assistant Secretary General of the Department of Agriculture Food and the Marine.

Does public trust not demand that Minister Simon Coveney elicit this information and see that it is placed in the public domain as a demonstration of coherent, consistent and transparent corporate governance?

Myles Duffy, Glenageary, Co Dublin

Irish Independent


Quiet day

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11 September 2014 Quiet day

I jog around the park I still have arthritis in my left knee, but I manage to get round the park. A sunny but cool day. I potter around.

Mary’s back not much better today, duck for tea and her back pain is still there.

Obituary:

Jim Dobbin – obituary

Jim Dobbin was a Labour MP who opposed gay marriage and demanded mandatory testing and registration for cyclists

Jim Dobbin

Jim Dobbin Photo: UPPA/PHOTOSHOT

5:48PM BST 10 Sep 2014

CommentsComments

Jim Dobbin, the Labour MP for Heywood and Middleton, who has died aged 73, chaired the All-Party Pro-Life Group and trenchantly opposed same-sex marriage; his final contribution in the Commons, days before his sudden death, was to urge caution over producing “three-parent designer babies”.

He had already been selected to stand again at next year’s election, by which time he would have been 74. He died in Slupsk, Poland while on a Council of Europe delegation to present the city with the Europe Prize.

Dobbin’s politics combined a devout Catholicism, a Scot’s distrust of military involvements overseas, a scientist’s thirst for proof and a socialism that put him some way to the Left of the party leadership. He was widely respected, Lord Prescott terming him “an excellent local MP, a strong believer in Europe, a proud Scot and a passionate defender of the NHS”.

In July he co-sponsored a motion criticising Israel’s action in Gaza, telling David Cameron: “I cannot stress strongly enough the disbelief and shock communicated by constituents of mine, when considering the Coalition Government’s response.

“Where is the plan for a safe and secure future for the Middle East? What action is the Government taking? Constituents are asking for peaceful action that leads to acknowledgement of the legitimate claims of the Palestinians to statehood, leading to a viable Palestine, alongside a secure Israel.”

Last winter Dobbin upset the cycling lobby by calling during a Transport Select Committee session for all cyclists to be registered and tested. Some accused him of being a “dinosaur” when he complained of cyclists ignoring the Highway Code and scratching car paintwork.

Yet Dobbin’s opposition to same-sex marriage – articulated in a Commons speech in February last year as well as consistent “Noes” in the division lobby – made the greatest impact. “Marriage,” he declared, “is primarily an institution that supports the bearing and raising of children in a committed and constant relationship.

“The traditional understanding of marriage has three basic elements: it is between a man and a woman, it is for life, and it is to the exclusion of all others.” These crucial elements were “designed not to exclude people or create inequality, but to promote the unique benefit of marriage in our society: it secures family environments and provides the essential qualities of safety and reliability for children.”

Challenging the idea that same-sex marriage was about equality and fairness, Dobbin added: “The equality agenda has been narrowly limited to dogmatic principles of uniformity. Such language makes open debate and disagreement look like prejudice.”

James Dobbin was born at Kincardine, central Scotland, on May 26 1941, the son of William Dobbin, a miner, and the former Catherine McCabe. From St Columba’s high school, Cowdenbeath and St Andrew’s, Kirkcaldy, he completed his studies at Napier College, Edinburgh.

Joining the NHS as a microbiologist in 1966, Dobbin moved south, working mainly at the Royal Oldham Hospital. He was elected to Rochdale council in 1983, leading its Labour group from 1994 and the council after Labour took control in 1996.

Dobbin fought Bury North in 1992, then was selected for Heywood and Middleton to succeed the retiring Jim Callaghan (not the former prime minister). As Labour under Tony Blair swept to power in 1997, Dobbin was elected with a majority of 17,542.

At Westminster he became a member of the European Scrutiny Committee, serving until his death. Generally loyal to the Labour government, he rebelled against the Iraq war, and voted for a fully elected House of Lords – and more recently for a Mansion Tax.

When the furore over MPs’ expenses erupted in 2009, Dobbin had one of the lowest bills overall, though it did include £400 for decking for the garden of his London home. He had, however, made one of the largest claims for staff – £99,700 – justifying it because of the size of his constituency. That staff included his wife, the leader of Rochdale council and one current and one former Labour councillor.

Re-elected in 2010 with a majority of 5,971, Dobbin became a forceful critic of the Coalition’s social policies. He was also Fusilier Lee Rigby’s MP, saying after the soldier’s murder by two Islamists in Woolwich last year that the death had “absolutely traumatised” people in Middleton.

As a Catholic and a scientist, Dobbin watched closely the argument on mitochondrial replacement, which would create what have been dubbed “three-parent designer babies”. Referring to tests on the process that have yet to be completed, he warned: “Denying Parliament the opportunity to examine these results seems difficult to defend.

“In effect, it would be asking the House to vote blind on the safety of techniques that the House might reject outright on the basis of the results. LET us be clear and honest about this: the results could not be published and peer reviewed in time for the rumoured vote in the autumn.”

Jim Dobbin was invested as a Knight of the Pontifical Order of St Gregory the Great in 2008 by Pope Benedict XVI.

He married Pat Russell in 1964; they had two sons and two daughters.

Jim Dobbin, born May 26 1941, died September 6 2014

Guardian:

I do not need Michael Gove to explain to me what antisemitism is (Gove attacks ‘antisemitic’ Israel boycotts, 10 September). I have been the object of antisemitism by two Conservative MPs, Sir Charles Taylor, who told me to “Get back to Tel Aviv”, and Sir Alec Douglas-Home, who admonished me that my loyalty should be to this country and not to Israel, bringing the proceedings of the House of Commons to a roaring halt. Harold Macmillan referred to me antisemitically in his diaries.

Of course the Holocaust, the Nazi slaughter of 6 million Jews, including many members of my family, was an atrocity unparalleled in human history. That does not provide justification for the Israelis murdering thousands of Palestinians. Since governments take no action against these massacres, it is right that communities and individuals should boycott Israeli products.
Gerald Kaufman
Labour, Manchester Gorton

• Mr Gove creates the all-too-common (and deliberate?) confusion between antisemitism and anti-Zionism. The Boycott, Divestment and Sanctions campaign (BDS) is symbol of opposition to the policies of the state of Israel’s policies, in relation to the occupation, the continued building of settlements, the imprisonment of children and the murderous attacks on Gaza.

There should never be any devaluation of the Holocaust, and antisemitism should always be resolutely resisted. Very unfortunately some protesters also confuse antisemitism and anti-Zionism. Where Mr Gove is right is that “we need to stand united against hate” – but that of course includes Palestinians, and even Hamas, who are at least partially a product of Zionism. BDS should continue and grow, including a total arms embargo, until Israel is willing to seriously negotiate with all Palestinians, including Hamas. That was how the original apartheid state was brought to the table, with the hated ANC, and that is what needs to happen again.
Rev David Haslam
Evesham, Worcestershire

• Michael Gove needs to be reminded that one case is not a reliable basis for generalisation. Yes, the Nazi boycott of Jewish goods was followed by the Holocaust but the campaign against South African apartheid was not followed by the mass killing of whites. He also needs to be more careful in his assertions: the Tricycle theatre did not reject “Israeli money” because it came from Israel but because it came from the government of Israel, which is instrumental in the denial of Palestinian human rights and the ethnic cleansing of Palestine. The Palestinian call for the boycott of Israel is absolutely clear in its opposition to all forms of racism.
Professor David E Pegg
York

• Antisemites and defenders of Israel seem united in the delusion that opposition to Israel means hatred of Jews. Most people, I hope, can see the difference. Responsible politicians and commentators should make it clear that many Jews and non-Jews are critical of Israel’s policies without being antisemitic, and not fuel this dangerous fallacy.
Caryl Churchill
London

• Avi Shlaim (Israel will find wisdom when it admits its mistakes, 8 September) shamefully glorifies a designated terror group whose fighters, according to him, have “reasons for rejoicing”, for standing firm while their “spirit did not break”. Shlaim admits that Hamas “is guilty of terrorism”, yet says it should not be labelled as terrorist, because it is “also a legitimate political actor”. This argument makes little sense, and did not convince the European Union last year when it designated Hezbollah as a terror group, despite its role in the Lebanese government. Terror groups should be isolated, not “let off the hook”, as demonstrated just a few days ago when the president of the Palestinian Authority, Abu Mazen, harshly criticised Hamas for the group’s responsibility in instigating the Gaza conflict. It seems that while both Palestinians and Israelis are seeing the situation for what it is – a conflict between moderates and radical terror – Shlaim’s piece reflects an outdated narrative that is not only anti-Israeli but arguably anti-Palestinian.
Yiftah Curiel
Spokesperson, embassy of Israel, London

• Avi Shlaim’s excellent article explains why Israel’s current policies cannot bring it peace or security. The article’s flaw is the unspoken assumption that Israel wants peace and security. Since 1948, Israel’s aim has, demonstrably, been ever greater expansion by means of dispossessing Palestinians. The map of military conquests and settlements in the West Bank, including down the Jordan Valley, show over time how well that aim has been realised – and continues to be realised. Israel wants not peace and security but Palestinian, Arab and world acquiescence in this continual expansion. The various “peace processes” have nothing to do with peace and everything to do with providing a smokescreen to this end.
Mike Davies
Chair, Alliance for Green Socialism

• While the author’s intentions are no doubt good, articles such as this are detrimental to the cause of peace. Mr Shlaim admits that “Hamas is indeed guilty of terrorism” and that it “vehemently denies the legitimacy of Israel”. Surely, conferring any sort of political legitimacy to such an organisation (as the author suggests) would only reward terrorism, while weakening those Palestinians more amenable to a peaceful solution. Hamas – which has claimed responsibility for numerous suicide bombings – is no more “a legitimate political actor” than Isis, al-Qaida, al-Shabaab or Boko Haram. Peace has never been achieved by empowering extremists, or by placing demands on just one side; but by working with the moderates in both camps. Both sides need to recognise that this is a conflict of right v right, not right v wrong; that both peoples are there by right, not sufferance. This is key: once this is recognised, mutual concessions, accommodation and respect become the self-evident next steps.
Noru Tsalic
Coventry

• I am a Jew, committed to the Jewish religion and the ethical values of justice, mercy and compassion. As such, I deplore the Israeli aggression against the people of Gaza. I hope that the present ceasefire will eventually lead to a wider agreement.

It has come to my attention that the deputy lord mayor of Cardiff, Cllr Ali Ahmed, has been reported to the south Wales police by the Liberal Democrat opposition, on the grounds that he referred to rockets fired by Hamas against Israel as “toy rockets” and that this reference was offensive to the Jewish community.

It would have been preferable, that instead of using the words “toy rockets”, he has said that “the damage done by Israel is not comparable with the Israeli bombing on the people of Gaza”; that may have been more explanatory. However, the sentiments that he expressed are the sentiments shared, not only by many Jews like myself but also of some Israelis with regard to their own government.

There is no need for the deputy lord mayor to resign. He is a man who has a strong commitment to ethical principles.
Walter Wolfgang
Former member, Labour party NEC; vice-president, CND; national steering committee member, Stop the War Coalition

• One night, when I was 13, I was woken by the sound of a door being broken down. Boots stumbled up the stairs, there was loud shouting, and a terrifying series of crashes. Nazi stormtroopers had identified our house as the home of a Jewish family, and this was the night of 9 November 1938, when the Kristallnacht pogrom raged across Germany. Our entire home was destroyed before our eyes, with axes and sledgehammers.

I have a vivid recollection of my father, after the monsters had gone, sitting on the one chair that remained and weeping. I had never seen him weep before. I now realise that, but for the presence of myself and my younger sister, my parents might not have survived the raid. It was a brutal demonstration of our situation. My sister and I left Germany on the last Kindertransport from Düsseldorf in May 1939. We have never had a full account of our parents’ fate.

Even now, I sometimes start up in bed, reliving that night. But in recent weeks, it is more often images of devastation in Gaza – of homes and families destroyed in Israeli targetings of such “military objectives” as the homes of officials in the democratically elected Hamas government – that have recalled the terror of the Kristallnacht. For I can hardly believe that a Jewish government is doing these things. How can Jewish people, aware of their own history, undertake a campaign of collective punishment that kills a higher multiple of the casualties cited as justification, than did the Nazi reprisals for resistance in occupied Europe?

Surely we have reached the point where every government not composed of utter humbugs must join in insisting that an Israeli renunciation of ambitions for expansion beyond the 1947 boundaries is a prerequisite for progress towards reconciliation and peace within a two-state solution. The very doubtful prospect of a unified, multinational, secular state in Palestine appears to be the only alternative.
Karola Regent
Newport-on-Tay, Fife

Britain's Prime Minister David Cameron speaks during a visit to Edinburgh David Cameron gets all Breaking Bad on a visit to Scotland. Photograph: Reuters

If the Scots feel that they no longer belong in the UK, then of course they should vote for separation. But the debate should be based on facts. George Monbiot’s rant against UK solidarity ignores the facts (A yes vote would unleash the most potent force of all, 10 September).

In the late 1950s and 60s when Scotland’s GDP per head was around 10% below the UK average, it was one of the poorest parts of the UK. But, as Gavin McCrone, one of Scotland’s leading economists, has shown in his book, Scottish Independence, by 2011, Scotland’s gross added value per head was 98.6% of the UK average – exceeded only by London and the south-east. This seems to me to reflect UK solidarity, not its absence.

That solidarity also enabled Alistair Darling in 2008 to bail out the Royal Bank of Scotland to the tune of £46bn after the disastrous takeover by RBS of a Dutch bank. Would an independent Scotland have been able to do that?

The tragic irony is that, without the solidarity of the UK government, the people who would have suffered the most from a collapse of the bank are the very underprivileged in the central belt of Scotland who appear to be swinging towards a yes vote. It is they who have the most to lose if independence does not bring the economic benefits that Alex Salmond has promised.
Vernon Bogdanor
Professor of government, King’s College London

• While Tom Holland and the Let’s Stay Together campaign may appeal to “our mutual bonds of affection and admiration” (Comment, 9 September), he, like the political leaders in Westminster, is missing a crucial point. For over two years we in Scotland have been debating the issue of independence. During this time Scots have discussed and considered various solutions to deal with our genuine grievances. What we have not had from the political elite at Westminster is a single concrete policy proposal to address these concerns. All we see is arrogance from the unionist parties matched by complacency from an English electorate who want to “love-bomb” us but have failed to ensure that real political alternatives were offered. Thanks for your affection, Tom; what we really wanted was your political support.
Geoff Earl
Edinburgh

• Your choice of headline (Party leaders take the high road, 10 September) may be prescient. In the song, he who must “take the high road” to Loch Lomond is already dead while he who is able to “take the low road” is alive. Will Cameron, Miliband, Clegg and Salmond never meet again?
Iain Mackintosh
London

• Someone should tell Steve Bell that it is not the “royal brat” who is going to save the union (If…, G2, 9 September), but Nigel Farage, who is going to descend on us next Friday, followed on Saturday by the Grand Orange Orders of Scotland and Northern Ireland. Both guaranteed to delight the yes campaign.
Myra Gartshore
Dumbarton

• Is it just me with this scene on a mental loop: David Cameron as Walter White in the Ozymandias episode of Breaking Bad, thundering: “We’re a family!”

Just me then.
Karen Peploe
Berkhamsted, Hertfordshire

Magazines on a stand in a newsagents. Image shot 09/2009. Exact date unknown. The new press regulator took over on Monday. Photograph: Alamy/Apex

Your leader on (Judgment on Ipso, 5 September) is apt in its analysis and expectation of a system for the independent self-regulation of the newspaper industry. You express, correctly, a perspicacious view of the Leveson inquiry and its aftermath. It is not too extreme to say that Sir Brian Leveson sought simultaneously to promote freedom of speech for the press as well as the regulation of certain incursions only into matters of privacy. Sir Brian’s report was, as you observe, cautiously welcome, but it has predictably been portrayed otherwise. What you now prescribe for the new organisation that took over on Monday is in line with what I, as the last chairman of the Press Council in all-too-short a time (1988-90), endeavoured to achieve. It was Pressbof (the industry’s newly created paymaster in 1988) that ordered the disbandment of the Press Council. It should be imperative that Ipso is adequately funded, at the insistence of the new chairman, Sir Alan Moses.

The Press Council was composed, as to half of its membership, of non-journalistic persons from a wide variety of occupations. The history (including the independent element in its chairmanship since 1966) was virtually ignored by Sir Brian, on the grounds that I could give evidence only on historical matters that were not strictly within his terms of reference. The historical aspect of the regulatory system before 1991, when the Press Complaints Commission took over (20 out of the 1,978 pages of Sir Brian’s report), is, sad to relate, inaccurate in several important respects.
Sir Louis Blom-Cooper QC
Chairman of the Press Council 1988-90

• Is it appropriate in a democratic society that so many public appointments, of which the new press regulator Impress is the latest, require those applying to have worked at “a senior level in a public or professional capacity”? (And did they mean to exclude senior private sector experience, common in so many public appointment ads?) Impress will not be a big organisation and might benefit from not being dominated by another set of establishment suits. Recruiting from the senior and successful also discriminates against women and ethnic minorities. Open application and fair assessment of all candidates are surely the least we should expect from this and many other public bodies.
Peter West
London

Displaced Iraqis from the Yazidi community gather for humanitarian aid Displaced Iraqis from the Yazidi community gather for humanitarian aid at the Syria-Iraq border at Feeshkhabour border point, northern Iraq. Photograph: Khalid Mohammed/AP

As faith leaders we are called to dedicate ourselves to serving the poor and vulnerable both at home and overseas; we therefore call on MPs to attend and save lives by voting in favour of overseas aid legislation in parliament on Friday. The proposed bill means that the UK government will continue to honour Britain’s commitment to spend the 0.7% of our national income on international aid, a promise made in all three main parties’ manifestos and the coalition agreement of the current government.

Despite challenges at home, we should be proud to be a nation that has kept our promise to the world’s poor and upheld our responsibilities of fairness and generosity. Every day UK aid saves and changes lives and helps to respond to humanitarian crises like those in Iraq and Syria.

Enshrining our commitment in law would ensure that our support continues until it is no longer needed and will enable us to focus our efforts on making certain that UK aid is having the greatest possible impact, transforming and improving lives. By voting for aid legislation, MPs can play their part in the solutions to global poverty – we urge them to seize the historic opportunity presented by this bill.
Rabbi Danny Rich Chief executive, Liberal Judaism, Rt Rev Dr Alastair Redfern Bishop of Derby, Shuja Shafi Secretary general, Muslim Council of Britain, Rt Rev William Kenney Auxiliary bishop of Birmingham

As outgoing women’s editor Jane Martinson indicates (Four years on the feminist frontline, G2, 2 September), a major problem with the overrepresentation of men in the media, and public life more generally, is its invisibility. The appointment of a men’s editor might help to address this by drawing attention to maleness as gendered rather than the standard model of mankind [sic]. An encouraging example of male visibility has been set by the television channel movies4men, whose conflict-and-cowboy dominated schedules, however, are often indistinguishable from the daytime offerings of some supposedly gender-neutral film channels. Such commendable honesty could well be practised by programmes which regularly feature men and women in a ratio of 3:1 or worse. Thus we might have, for instance, Men’s Match of the Day, Men in the Saturday Kitchen, and Have Men Got News for You. Mastermind and the channel Dave, of course, need not change a thing.
Jean Northam
Exeter

• And if (heaven forfend) Kate Middleton’s morning sickness does not settle following Justin Welby’s prayers (Report, 9 September), can we take that as proof positive that there is no God, or simply assume that She heeds not the supplications of her Main Man? Either way, the duchess appears to be stuffed.
Sylvia Lockett
Nottingham

• George and Mildred, perhaps?
Mick Beeby
Bristol

• Poutine originated in the late 1980s (Farewell, doner kebab – hello, poutine, G2, 8 September)? Get a grip! French Canadians in Montreal had been eating poutine for at least 10 years in the late 1960s, along with “mae wests” and Pepsi.
Mabel Taylor
Knutsford, Cheshire

• Before we all get bored stiffof uses for a whisky tin (Letters, 6 September), I have always used one to store my rolled-up Panama hat. Keeps it safe, dry and moth-free, and it unfurls perfectly every time.
Paul Cabrelli
London

• Vatican’s first cricket team (Report, 10 September)? Acts 2:14: “Peter stood up with the eleven.”
Rev Tony Bell
Rochester, Kent

The arguments of the no campaign are no weightier (Michael White, 5 September) – they boil down to the currency question and uncertainty about future EU membership, both essentially political issues which are bound to be resolved by agreement – like all political questions – when the electioneering is over.

There is far more to the movement for independence than “desperate , insouciant optimism” – more than anything it’s a desire to be in charge of their own affairs as much as a small country which belongs to the EU can expect to be and this has an appeal that goes far beyond the SNP or Alex Salmond pace the patronising impressions of London-based commentator.
Conor Magill
London

• Although it is clear that the complexity of events following a yes vote in Scotland has been significantly underestimated, I sympathise with the many in Scotland who must yearn for the day when they can no longer be under the cosh of any conservative government. Scotland has a natural tendency towards a society built on fairness, justice and decent public services and must deeply resent the marginalisation of its priorities and values.

In terms of what is archaically referred to as the United Kingdom, a yes vote would offer an exciting opportunity to reform our sclerotic, creaking, hugely expensive and sometimes corrupt houses of parliament. The four assemblies of England, Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland should be proportionally represented in an elected upper house, sweeping away the House of Lords with all its velvet and ermine. Might it even be possible to be citizens rather than subjects in a secular state where religion is a private matter, divisive faith schools a thing of the past and all religions are required to respect the laws of the land.

A refreshing wind of change would be very welcome.
Irene Short
Aylesbury, Buckinghamshire

• “No other issue now matters in British politics, “writes Martin Kettle (8 September). I’d say nothing better illustrates the chasm between the perception the Westminster political and media village has of Scottish independence and that of people in England, if our corner of England is any guide to it. In our street, indeed if listening as well to conversations in pubs, shops and the market tells me anything, there isn’t any interest in the issue at all. I’ve heard no one talking about it, no one is in the slightest bother over it, and I would bet my house that if I stood in the high street of this Cheshire town with a questionnaire tomorrow, nine of 10 people would, if asked, not know what is happening up in Scotland a week on Thursday.

Because the fact is, for all the hype, Scotland going independent won’t make a blind bit of difference to anyone in England. The whisky will still flow south, people will still take holidays in that most beautiful of countries, the Scots will still carry on coming down here to find work, English blokes and Scottish girls will still meet up and marry. During the Glasgow late summer fortnight holiday, the Glaswegians will still come in their thouands to the Lakes, to Blackpool, to the Yorkshire Dales, to England’s south coast for the sunshine and of course to Manchester to see civilisation at its best. Nothing real as far as English people are concerned is about to change.

But it will of course for the Scots. They will rule themselves. As indeed they should. Why should they be ruled by English MPs who make up some 550 of the 650 MPs in the Commons, by some 90% of the 800 or so lords who decorate the so-called upper house and by the public school toffs and the Oxbridge elite who dominate the judiciary, parliament, the civil service and the newspaers? Yes, why should they? They’d be mad to vote no. They’ve got one of the loveliest magnets in all of Europe for mass income from tourism in the shape of the Highlands and the isles, any amount of hydro-electric power, oil and gas in the North Sea, a great education service, a health service that is there to serve the sick and not the pockets of investors, and one of the most enterprising manufacturing and scientific traditions in the world. They’ve got it all before them. And they’d go independent without the slightest resentment from English people. We do not mind. Only the Westminster politicos do, and who gives a fig for that lot?
Michael Knowles
Congleton, Cheshire

• Do the quasi-Scots who are still espousing the Better Together campaign not realise they are strangling our political freedom? In the event of a no vote, and even if the British electorate delivered a Labour government at the next general election, in the larger scheme of things it would only be a fleeting visit to power.

However, unlike Labour supporters in England, Scottish Labour is customarily more leftwing but, when sitting 400 miles away at Westminster, through no fault of their own, have as much bite as a toothless tiger, incapable of giving Scotland satisfactory representation.

In any event, it will only be a matter of time, and perhaps a lot sooner that we think, until the Tory-Labour swings-and-roundabouts scenario takes a back seat to accommodate a Tory/Ukip coalition.

It would be a tragedy if we gave up this once-in-a-lifetime opportunity to choose a Scotland where governments, of any political hue, would be more concerned about social and political justice for Scottish people than any London government would.

We should not be listening to careerist, synthetic Scottish politicians with whom Rabbie Burns might have recognised certain similarities with the earlier treacherous nobles, hastening him to coin the phrase: “We’re bought and sold for English gold, such a parcel of rogues in a nation.”

It is unfortunate, but too many people in Scotland do not seem to know the difference between the reality of freedom and the illusion of freedom. We should listen to our heads, hearts and souls and not end up spending a lifetime lamenting the great opportunity we missed.
William Burns
Edinburgh

• I am not a nationalist. With a liberal Scottish Presbyterian father and a conservative English Catholic mother, I grew up in an atmosphere of tolerance and good humour. Working in both Scotland and England I always defended a tolerant marriage of differences rather than a petulant split because of them. The occasional victim mentality I met north of the border (“It’s all the fault of the English”) irked me as much as the casual ignorance which provoked it south of the border (“Why do these Scots whinge on so about the poll tax?). As a hybrid, I longed for each country to understand and accommodate the other better. Devolution in 1998 cheered me, and I looked for more both in Scotland and all parts of the UK. I did not initially welcome the independence debate, wary of the divisiveness it could cause. I despaired at David Cameron, early on, striking the middle of the road “devo max” possibility from the ballot paper.

Faced with a polarised yes or no vote, I naturally leant more towards Better Together, but was dismayed to find nothing positive I could vote for in their campaign. All I found were dire threats of all the future uncertainties involved in a yes vote, with no honest admission of the equally uncertain future a no vote implied. Better Together parties, amazingly late in the day, have promised to devolve more powers to Scotland but this promise has no reliable substance since they themselves are not together, and will be fighting each other tooth and nail in next year’s general election. If the Ukip vote continues to rise, no one knows or can predict what strange compromises may be born in Westminster 2015, regarding both EU membership and Scottish devolution.

The firm and unexamined assumption in the no campaign is that we are all very much better together. Well, by the evidence to date, are we? I had to admit that after decades of voting either Liberal or Labour I now live in a country where hundreds of thousands of British children are being shifted into poverty, where food banks have become a new necessity, and where social inequality is ever increasing. This is not an inevitable result of the financial crisis. It is the inevitable result of government austerity measures, backed by all three main parties, in response to that crisis. These economic policies favour the wealthy, and it is the poor and vulnerable who are paying for the financial crisis. Continuing welfare cuts are backed by Labour, and after the dreary disillusionment of the Blair years I can no longer trust a Labour government, if elected, to deliver the fair society that was John Smith’s vision.

Turning to the yes campaign, I looked not at Alex Salmond and the rhetoric, but at the actual results in Scotland of SNP policy decisions. I see that the NHS in Scotland, though struggling, has been firmly protected from the ravaging changes that are transforming the service forever in England and Wales. I see that the priorities are care of the elderly, supporting the less well-off, and above all a firm commitment not to put our young people into impossible debt if they wish to go to university. England has stopped investing in its single most important asset – its young people. Scotland (though far from perfect) has not. All the data shows that nothing fast forwards social inequality more rapidly than the introduction of hefty university tuition fees.

The central question is surely: which option offers the best chance of developing a more caring, creative and equitable society for all our children to live in, and contribute to? I have to admit the greater possibility, and the only vision, lies with the yes campaign. So much so that should Scotland become independent, my concern is more for England and Wales. Hopefully, an independent Scotland establishing a fairer more caring society (one that is natural to so many people in England and Wales) will help stimulate the English and Welsh peoples’ own long-overdue debate with a centralised Westminster government whose targets have become so predominantly monetary.

I will be voting yes, though more in grief than grievance. But I will also have a swing in my ballot box step for the first time in many years, at the thought of more imaginative possibilities ahead. I hope that both my parents, whose commitment to fairness and social justice was far deeper than any allegiance to political party or country, would understand.
Mary Gillies
Selkirk

• And so the gnashing of teeth and wringing of hands for the beloved union begins. So beloved by those who profess to cherish it and seek to defend it at all costs, that it’s taken until just 10 days to go to the poll for them to seriously contemplate the reform needed to transform it into a workable solution for everyone in these isles.

We’ve had patronising hauteur and dismissive brow-beating, intermingled with vacuous (if well-intentioned) pleas from sportsmen, celebrities and actors. But no meaningful attempt to consider this an opportunity to reappraise and refresh democracy so that it serves the interests of all and not some.

Whatever the result, hopefully this whole event may wake people from their slumber and engage with what it means, or should mean, be a participating citizen in a 21st-century capitalist democracy. As opposed to a docile consumer-cum-subject in a delusional post-imperial parody.
Colin Montgomery
Edinburgh

• As the scots (Alex Salmond included, I expect) like to quote Robert Burns, maybe the yes voters should remember this from Does Haughty Gaul Invasion Threat: Be Britain still to Britain true, Amang ourselves united; For never but by British hands Maun British wrangs be righted!
Dennis Falloon
Tunbridge Wells, Kent

• Excuse me for being a bit naive here, but if the Scots decide to leave the union, surely everyone benefits, particularly (from a fiscal point of view) the English. And the one person who has everything to gain from Scottish independence is David Cameron, since his party will walk into power again at the next election.

So would someone please explain the problem to me.
John Davison
London

• Alastair Deighton asks “How can so-called progressives have become so bewitched by a nationalist movement?” (Letters, 9 September). It is because the assumed progressives, the Labour party, have entered illegal wars, engorged the bankers and deserted the needy. They sent us Gordon Brown. How busted can a flush get?
Denis Jackson
Glasgow

• Were I a Scot I’d be voting yes for all the reasons set out in the independence arguments. But there is another reason: surely the end of the UK would mean the end of Ukip. Is Nigel Farage currently working on a new name for his party? English, Welsh and Northern Irish Independence Party doesn’t quite do it.
Barbara Richardson
London

A Union Flag and Scottish Saltire fly over Britain's Cabinet Office in central London A union flag and Scottish saltire fly over the Cabinet Office in central London. Photograph: Suzanne Plunkett/Reuters

The sentiment expressed by a psychologist (Letters, 10 September) was news to few pro-union Scots. We have always known, only too well, that Cameron gifted first the whole referendum process which a majority of Scots did not seek, secondly the wording on the ballot paper and thirdly refused to include “devo max”. This last option would, as some commentators have lately observed, have been a winner. Salmond could not believe his luck. From then on he has wallowed in the extended period up to his chosen election date spinning his tartan dream world, firing up people who may never before have voted with spurious promises of milk and heather honey. This is his “Diana” moment, where disconnected people grab a chance to live vicariously their own drama, a soap opera that involves emotional chaos just like on TV. And not a thought is spared for the cold, dark mornings of the long Scottish winter to come.

If the Scottish government has resolutely refused to use the devolved tax-raising powers it has long had, that now looks very much like cynical bribery, one of the many unanswered questions Salmond declines to address. As Peter Hetherington points out (Society, 10 September), £1bn is the sum the SNP could have spent on an infrastructure fund. Instead we have a referendum, costly in so many ways – not least in the divisiveness and hostility within Scotland and the overt antipathy shown to anything or anybody English. Mandela might have called it apartheid. In desperation and fear I have finally dared to stick a no poster in my window.
Carolyn Kirton
Aberdeen

• I’m fed up hearing Mr Salmond promise voters that separation will solve all ills, with no mention of who’ll pay the bills. I’m sick of him attributing every problem to “Tories” and “Westminster” and “the English” – when his SNP has already controlled so much for so long.

But I also think Mr Darling’s indisputable economic arguments for a no thanks vote urgently need much more positive presentation. Sure, paint the vivid picture of numerous large employers finalising their plans for flitting south in the event of a yes vote. But simultaneously shout to the rooftops about the emotional “high” we all gain from Scotland being a leading nation within the UK! Heaven knows there’s a lot to be proud of.

Why else are immigrants bypassing countless countries to queue at Calais? Why else are the British parliament (warts and all), the British civil service, the BBC, the British military, the British NHS, the British Red Cross, British sport and arts, so globally admired? British farming methods are also renowned, and even “Made in Britain” is again becoming a proud boast.

Scots are deeply involved in all these very British things, with great affection, too, for our Queen and royal family – again, the subject of huge overseas envy – but who’d quickly be removed by President Salmond’s republican bedfellows. Scotland and the Scottish diaspora are intimately interwoven throughout the fabric of Britain, and we only have a few days left to convince the undecided that this is a cause for celebration and retention.
Graeme G Crawford
Edinburgh

• In my heart I hope the Scottish people, including many of my relatives, vote no next week. However, I am puzzled that more people in England, Wales and Northern Ireland haven’t started to discuss the many benefits to them that might be realised from Scottish Independence.

For example, there will be many job opportunities, as the departments like DWP and National Savings will have to relocate. In the past these have been allocated to areas where there has been low employment due to the loss of industries. Surely many cities would benefit from having these additional workforce requirements? This is one example, I’m sure there are many others.

If we seriously want the Scottish people to reflect on what they might lose by becoming independent, it may be better to phrase the argument in terms of what the rest of the UK will gain. Sadly I suppose it’s a bit late for that now.
Jenny Page
Sidmouth, Devon

• Should Scotland vote to separate from the rest of Britain then all our lives will be diminished at every level: cultural, political and economic. It is not scaremongering to remind people that a win for Alex Salmond could plunge the whole of the United Kingdom into an economic crisis the following day. The sharks are circling: our hard-earned, steady economic recovery is threatened.

We are better together, but we should not remain together in the same way as we are today. There is a deep malaise in our current system of government. Far too much power has been centralised in Westminster. Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland are rightly demanding more political and economic control of their own futures. England, where 85% of British people actually live, has had no distinct voice on the constitutional changes that have taken place over the last five decades.

Local government has been emasculated year on year since Margaret Thatcher won in 1979 and there is a compelling argument for some form of regional government that empowers business, industry and local communities.

Voter turnout for all elections is so low that our democracy is undermined by non-participation. Perhaps the one thing we might be pleased about is that over 80% of eligible Scots are expected to vote in their referendum. We need a full constitutional convention. It is time to stop tinkering with our system of government. It is broken – let’s fix it.
Ian Jones
Chair, North East Liberal Democrats, Middlesbrough

• Let us be quite clear, if there is a yes vote it is for ever. There will be no chance for second thoughts. Antagonistic attitudes will harden as if every issue was like a football match between the two nations. Before we get to this point of no return, could we plead for the matter to be looked at in a longer-term perspective?

Let us reflect back say 200 years or so and forward say 25 years. If Scotland leaves the UK, it is most likely that the “little Englanders” goaded by the popular press will ensure that the rump of the UK leaves the EU. Even if Scotland is accepted into the EU, which is by no means guaranteed, it will have little chance of influencing the much-needed reforms of that institution compared with what a well-led UK government could do.

Over the last two centuries or so the UK has fought hard and made significant sacrifices to ensure that the continent of Europe is not dominated by one national group for the clear reason that it would most likely be to the detriment of ourselves. The reunification of Germany, coupled with the investment and determination of the German people to make it a success, followed by the formation of the euro using political rather than economic criteria, and then the banking crisis, has put Germany in a dominant economic position which looks like growing at the expense of France, Italy and the rest. Of course, Germany is a good democratic European at present but who is to say as it gets even stronger that this will always be its stance.

The UK’s “special relationship” with the Americans will die once we have no influence in the EU. That will, of course, mean that we will no longer have to help them in their unwise wars, but they will not intervene on our behalf. They will be busy coping (or not) with their own decline in world influence as China becomes the dominant economic power. Our trading relationships with the EU could well suffer and our bloated banks will most assuredly be sidelined. Yet nationalised French and German companies will be dominating our electricity supply. We will both be impotent to look after our joint interests.

So, dear Scottish friends and partners, please reflect on the tough times ahead for our children and grandchildren and help us all to hold our own.
Graham Cooper
Smethcott, Shropshire

• The yes campaign hype has succeeded – so far – in masking its own hypocrisy and conning the electorate in the process. Here are just three examples:

First, ridding Scotland of Trident while still hiding behind the nuclear skirts of Nato. Really? The SNP and the yes campaign have proclaimed that Nato has a number of non-nuclear states, yet hidden the fact that none of them eschew Nato’s nuclear umbrella, part of which happens to be based in the UK.

Second, disavowing new nuclear energy, yet tacitly supporting extending the lifetimes of Scotland’s existing nuclear power stations and, through Scottish Enterprise (the Scottish government’s economic development agency) encouraging Scottish industry to “tool up” to support the nuclear energy industry outwith Scotland.

And third, proclaiming the Scottish government’s avowed holier than thou foreign policy, yet happy to hawk the Clyde shipyards around the world as the place to build warships for foreign powers with whose foreign policies it disagrees.

On this, and on many other issues, the SNP/yes claims of the moral high ground are totally dishonest. Social justice and equality of opportunity are felt just as strongly throughout the UK. The SNP’s moral and social concerns seem to stop at the border.
Professor Paul W Jowitt
Edinburgh

• Scotland is no more homogeneous than the rest of the UK. The Shetlands were effectively a wedding present to the Scottish king in 1469. Is it safe to assume, therefore, that, if the Shetlands vote no, the SNP would respect their decision not to be part of an independent Scotland (what would that do to their sums?). It is also notable that, despite the SNP’s negative rhetoric, the rest of the UK wants Scotland to stay – and no one else seems to care about the financial impact either way.

Nationalism is an ugly force, accentuating and exaggerating minor differences, creating and exploiting perceived grievances. It also creates simplistic, unrealistic solutions that will only be tested when it’s too late. The SNP’s unnecessary obsession with independence drowns out all else. It is a wonder drug, a panacea that solves everything. It gives rise to unrealistic expectations, not least in Alex Salmond’s attempt to treat the union as a pick ‘n’ mix where they can blackmail the rest into allowing them to choose unilaterally what they keep and what they reject. It is worth pointing out that, in the event of a yes vote, it would be the fiduciary duty of the rump UK government to negotiate the absolute best deal for the rest of the UK, and that means no favours for Scotland. The SNP will reap what they sow, but it is the ordinary citizen throughout the UK who will ultimately lose out. We will all be diminished.
Stewart Fergus
London

• The Scots have been warned that there will be no currency union and they will have to abandon the pound. It is deeply troubling that so many people seem willing to ignore the facts.

However a major reason for the growth of separatist feeling is the behaviour of the Tory and Ukip right wing. The Tory party lost Scotland several decades ago, and the growth between the largely social democratic Scots and the Thatcher brigade is massive. Nothing could be better calculated to remind the Scots of what they loathe about the English Tories than Douglas Carswell’s idiotic decision to trigger a byelection, in the run up to the referendum.

Carswell is not the only one to undermine David Cameron and his attempts to hold the UK together. Boris Johnson is making it very obvious that he wants Cameron’s job and is prepared to play the anti-European card. As the Tory party is going to be divided and dominated by its right wing, and in government, for the foreseeable future, is it any wonder the Scots may think, wrongly, that separatism is for them? But they are at least conscious about wanting to destroy the UK. Do the Tory right even grasp that by boosting Ukip they are helping destroy the union they claim to support?
Trevor Fisher
Stafford

• As a Scot living in England, I am sad, ashamed and angry at the level of support for the yes campaign. Sad when I think of the great Scots of the past like Andrew Carnegie, John Buchan and David Livingstone: principled, selfless and courageous – are these characteristics shared by Alex Salmond? Ashamed when I think how Scots’ emotions, especially Anglophobia, are being cynically manipulated by a rabble-rouser, supported by a spin doctor. Ashamed too at the bullying tactics and cheap jibes of the yes campaign and the resulting lasting damage to relationships between Scots. Angry because in the event of a yes vote my daughter and son-in-law will probably have to uproot their family to find work elsewhere, as they stand to lose their jobs in a national bank and an international energy company respectively. Such huge employers plan to leave Scotland because of certain financial chaos and because most of their business comes from elsewhere. Wake up: it’s not Westminster making fools of you, but a coterie of Scots hungry for power but irresponsibly clueless on policies.
Frances Edge
Bury St Edmunds, Suffolk

• There are three things about the yes campaign that have convinced me to remain a no vote: their rose-tinted speculation, their insistence that everything will remain the same when it will not, and the arrogance of the SNP leaders of the campaign.

The first two of these reasons were well illustrated during a television debate when the question of science research funding came up and it was stated that Cancer Research UK would continue to fund its research in an independent Scotland. CR UK does not fund any research outside the UK, but no one commented on the possibility that in the future this rule may be applied to Scotland if donors in the rest of the UK do not want their donations going to a foreign country, which is what Scotland will be. Having worked in academia I know how easy it is to move research groups; they will just follow the money out of Scotland.

The question of oil revenue has been hotly debated, but the main thrust of the yes campaign is that Scotland would get the majority of the tax revenue assuming the division of the North Sea between the UK and Scotland will lie on a line running due east from Berwick. However I believe that under international law the UK could claim that the boundary between the Scottish and UK parts of the North Sea should follow approximately the direction of the land border between the countries, giving Scotland the area north of a line from Berwick to roughly Bergen. This puts more production platforms in the UK area than the yes campaign have counted on. Also, Norway may insist on negotiating to increase its oil production zone as the original division was between Norway and the UK, not Norway and Scotland.

As for other things remaining the same, the yes campaign has remained silent over the domestic changes that will take place, for example: any product or special personal financial arrangement made by the UK Treasury will cease. Do you have Premium Bonds? They will be worthless but the UK Treasury will no doubt repay you their face value. Do you have any deposits in UK National Savings? These accounts will be frozen. Do you have an Isa? It will also be frozen.

Has anyone in the yes camp said anything about car insurance? If Scotland becomes independent in March 2016 the law governing car insurance will become Scottish law. UK insurance companies will not insure drivers resident outside the UK, so to renew car insurance for a year after March 2015 two insurance contracts may be needed with all the extra expense that will no doubt bring. Of course if you then drive into the UK after March 2016 you will only be insured as a foreign driver, and what is to happen about drivers who are Scots-based but spend most of their time driving for work in the UK?

As for arrogance, has anyone ever heard any SNP leader ever concede that any criticism of the yes campaign may be worth considering? To me Salmond, Sturgeon and Swinney are taking on the mantle of the old high Tory elite, putting the SNP up as the party with the manifest destiny to run Scotland. They are supporting the yes campaign with promises (increased state pension, reduction in corporation tax, increased agricultural subsidies) that they can only fulfil if they win both the yes vote and the 2016 election. Make no mistake, the yes campaigners outside the SNP have been hoodwinked into thinking they are doing the best for Scotland, but all they are doing is giving the SNP the right to split the UK and have the glittering prize of their own country to run.

Finally a question that I have never had answered by a yes campaigner: if Scotland is so well run, why does the yes campaign want to remove from the Scottish people any influence that it may have in the rest of the UK?
Dr Stuart McGlashan
Newton Stewart, Dumfries and Galloway

Independent:

Rosie Millard is rightly concerned about the electoral implications of the proposed “mansion tax” in London and the South-east (8 September). It would create an arbitrary threshold at which yet another tax, just like that on inheritances, is suddenly imposed at a high rate.

Instead, we need a complete revamp of the existing system of council tax, under which the owner of a £100m mansion in London currently pays only twice as much as the tenant of a flat in Middlesbrough.

Rather than clumsy “bands”, why not follow Sweden, which has a flat-rate annual tax of around 0.7% of each property’s value? Soaring property prices work against tenants and favour owners. This suggests that council tax should be paid by landlords.

It is contradictory for homes to be subjected to council tax by local authorities, while central government exempts principal private residences from unlimited amounts of capital gains tax. Why does the government use such reliefs to encourage people to put their money into ever-more lavish homes when they would surely be much better encouraged to invest in initiatives which create jobs and enhance the environment?

Aidan Harrison 

Rothbury, Northumberland

 

I find it difficult to believe that the taxpayers of London are quite as selfish as Rosie Millard asserts. Surely those who, through no effort or skill of their own, have accumulated property worth 10 times the average UK house price would have no objection to making more contribution to the exchequer than the current absurdly generous council tax allows? In a time when homelessness is widespread, surely exceptionally fortunate Londoners are more public-spirited than that?

Michael Godwin

Bath

The real case against the so-called mansion tax is that any change in the taxation of private houses should be to update the council tax.

At present council tax is levied on houses being placed in one of a number of bands but the highest is £350,000 and over. The bands were calculated in 1991. This is equivalent to about £850,000 today. So the owner of a house valued at £900,000 pays the same tax as a Russian billionaire owning a mega-mansion costing £60m or more.

Not even the most bare-faced plutocrat can claim this is fair. What is obviously needed is to introduce more bands above the present top one. The popular myth that this will automatically lead to higher council tax for everybody needs to be exploded.

Because governments of all parties tend to put a cap on local authorities’ spending, they would not be able to increase it. The income would however be differently raised. A larger share would come from more put into the new band (which would need only a revaluation of those now in band H – less than 3.5 per cent of the country’s 28m houses).

In fact everybody now in bands A to G would enjoy a reduction in their council-tax bill – surely an attraction to the politicians?

Harvey Cole

Winchester, Hampshire

 

Scots vote may be a boon for democracy

This referendum has been the greatest driver for many years in getting citizens actively involved in the political process and enabling them to express what kind of values they want politics to represent. It has also revealed the strength of feeling of many in England, too, that their interests are disregarded  in Westminster.

When the dust settles, there may well be a greater debate about how we can make Westminster more accountable to, and representative of, the wider population. For the first time in many years the political establishment may be sufficiently shaken out of its self-serving torpor to actually look beyond the Westminster bubble and listen to the voices they’ve been able to ignore for so long. We may all gain yet, regardless of what happens on 18 September.

Steve Porter

Reading

By the time the consequences of destroying one of the oldest and most successful political unions become clear I suspect Alex Salmond will be long gone to the lucrative lecture circuit.

Having bet the future of the UK on the voting whims of some thrawn Celts, David Cameron will also be gone, as will Ed Miliband for losing control of Scottish Labour supporters. Their successors, put in place by a now furious English electorate, will be in no mood to do us any favours and we are likely to end up in the enervating embrace of the IMF.

Too late we will realise we have voted for an impoverished statelet facing public-service cuts, endemic unemployment, raised taxes and the flight of both youth and capital.

Dr John Cameron

St Andrews

Yes, the Scots will go, and beyond doubt, the major responsibility lies with the governing elite. The Scots are inclined to be socialist in attitude, closer to the egalitarian and republican outlook characteristic of Europe than to the hideously class-riven society that exists south of the border.

Like the rest of us, they have suffered from the unrestrained capitalism of the past 30 years which has left ordinary people paying ever-increasing bills to private companies for the ordinary services of life.

By voting Yes they will free themselves of the cabal of public-school spivs that governs these islands. God help the rest of us.

Keith Purbrick

Canterbury, Kent

It now looks as though neither side can win a convincing victory in the Scottish independence referendum. What this illustrates is the gross inadequacy of our form of democracy. It is quite understandable that the Scottish electorate feels unrepresented by the “Coalition” – in fact essentially Tory – Government, because so do millions of the rest of us. It is surely time to end the system by which a party with a third of the popular vote feels empowered to inflict its nutty agenda on the rest of us, for example in education, the NHS and the bedroom tax.

The Scots are in a unique position to deliver bloody noses to these vain, strutting peacocks. There can be little doubt that the loss of Scotland to the UK would be remembered as the only lasting legacy of the “Coalition”.

Gavin P Vinson

London N10

We need each other within the UK and are stronger for it – on defence, trade and multinational organisations. Divided we would lose our voice on the UN Security Council – perhaps to India, Brazil or South Africa – and Nato could no longer rely upon a common UK foreign-policy position.

Meanwhile, across Europe independence movements and Russian geopolitical strategists take heart at the success of the Yes campaign. As Russia sows the seeds of division and chaos by encouraging separatist groups, it knows Britain will be weaker if divided from within.

The idea of a divorce between countries with a shared history of culture, language and religion sends shivers down the spines of those who champion harmony across Europe. Alarm bells are ringing at the prospect of Scottish independence heralding the atomisation of Europe.

The future is uncertain and potentially dangerous so the question of whether we face it together or apart extends beyond the shores of Britain to a Europe whose security has been built upon unity.

Geraint Davies MP (Swansea West) & Member of the Council for Europe

London SW1

The sight of all three Westminster party leaders arriving in Scotland in a blind panic is reminiscent of a group of leaders from a totalitarian state attempting to stop one of its outlying regions from breaking away.

Surely if the Scottish economy were such a liability they would be happy to see it go? Why, then, do they constantly talk it down and suggest that an independent Scotland would be bound to fail?

Dr Dominic Horne

University of Worcester

 

If the Yes vote wins, will it be written, correctly, that Scotland was lost on the playing fields of Eton.

Malcolm Calvert

Anglesey, North Wales

 

University educated, but unemployable

The OECD’s report on numeracy and literacy levels in the UK reveals a worrying gap between skills and qualifications (report, 10 September). To counteract this, school-leavers need to think carefully about whether the degrees they are about to start will enable them to get the skills businesses actually need.

Employers tell us that apprentices are often better placed to meet the needs of business than those with other qualifications. Young people who enter into apprenticeship programmes benefit by gaining technical qualifications while learning the skills necessary to succeed at work. However, they are often unaware that these options exist.

Recent YouGov research reveals that nearly two-thirds of 18-24-year-olds have not had advice at secondary school or college on paid apprenticeships.

Jackie Bedford, Chief Executive, Step Ahead

London EC1

I was interested to see your article (10 September) headed “University education boom fails to improve numeracy and literacy”. This would seem to be borne out by your health briefing, two pages earlier: “2bn: number of Britons who will suffer from Alzheimer’s by 2050”.

Roger Smith

Times:

The independence referendum debate has brought latent constitutional issues into sharp focus

Sir, As it appears from public comments by the Cabinet Secretary that civil servants are under instructions to make no contingency plans for a “yes” vote next week, I assume there has been no planning for the relationship, and share of resources, between a separate Scotland and both the British (United Kingdom) Diplomatic Service and the British Council.

As a former head of the Diplomatic Service, I should like to record the considerable contribution that the Diplomatic Service and the British Council make to Scottish interests at home and abroad. Scotland inward investments interests, export promotion and Scotland’s cultural and education profile form an important part of the work of both services. In particular, I commend the remarkable efforts by our embassy in Tokyo on behalf of the Scotch Whisky Association.

Whatever arrangements are made for Scotland’s future relationship with either service, I wonder whether an independent Scotland could reasonably expect the same commitment and effort from our diplomats in future.

Lord Wright of Richmond

House of Lords

Sir, Buckingham Palace put its finger on a key factor in the referendum (report, Sept 10). The statement that the choice is one for “the people of Scotland” surely casts harsh light on the composition of the current franchise. People have always been one of Scotland’s greatest exports. Whether sent unwillingly across the seas as a result of clearances, or in foreign lands by choice in search of adventure, fame or fortune, Scots have thrived and created vibrant communities and the very fabric of empires both commercial and political. Wherever they may reside, they see themselves as Scots.

Yet we have no vote. We watch powerless as our nation is torn asunder — knowing that our views will neither be sought nor reflected in this utterly misguided exercise.

Alastair Singleton

Chewton Keynsham, Bristol

Sir, The saltire and its colours are the emotive and endearing symbols of Scottish nationalism, and clearly demonstrate support for the “yes” campaign. Dan Snow’s bizarre suggestion (Sept 10) that flying the saltire will perhaps show support for the “no” vote simply demonstrates the total disarray and desperation of the Better Together campaign.

Peter Froggatt

Dorking, Surrey

Sir, As John Major describes (Sept 10), Scottish independence would not only substantially weaken the UK but result in major financial problems for an independent Scotland. The irony is that it would be those who are reportedly most likely to swing the vote to independence, based on Alex Salmond’s misleading rhetoric, who would suffer most: working-class Labour voters and the poor.

PA Macnab

Brussels

Sir, John Major appears to have drawn the short straw in who might be wheeled out to hastily shift blame for the debacle over Scotland. Let us be clear that this impending tragedy can be laid fairly and squarely at Mr Cameron’s front door. Not only did he dismiss devo-max options out of hand, he also agreed the date, a simple majority format and the unconstitutional “suggestion” that 16-year-olds be allowed to vote.

Ian Hoyle

Sir, John Major says that the strengthening of the movement for Scottish independence is the fault of the last Labour government. A more plausible cause was the the Local Government Finance Act of 1988. This unleashed the poll tax on the UK, starting with Scotland one year ahead of England and Wales. The Conservative government’s blindness towards the perceived unfairness of both the tax and the order of its implementation galvanised Scottish nationalism then — and continues to do so today.

Ian Ward

Westbury-sub-Mendip, Somerset

Sir, I was born, raised and educated in Scotland. As soon as I graduated, I left to pursue career opportunities in London. I have been here, in England, my home, for 35 years. But Scotland has changed much during those 35 years. On my frequent visits to Glasgow and Edinburgh, I am taken aback by how far Scotland has lurched to the left and how many of its leaders embrace socialism. I am saddened by their obsession with state control, trade unions, workers’ rights and public sector pay.

This is not the Scotland of my youth. It has become embittered, and the Labour party in Scotland has done a sterling job of making the Conservative party a symbol of evil. Ideologically, Scotland and the rest of the UK are miles apart. Scotland has rejected centrist and right-of-centre policies for nearly four decades and its alienation from Westminster should not come as a surprise. For that reason, and that reason alone, Scotland should vote “yes”.

Alan Templeton

Northend, Berks

Sir, The narrowing of the polls has led to a cascade of promises from the unionist political parties. Whatever the result of the vote, we need to decide where power in this country (or countries) should lie. It is time for a UK-wide constitutional convention, on the lines of recent conventions in Ireland and Iceland, that gives citizens a say in shaping the future. Such a process needs the support of all the political parties, but it must retain its independence from them. Above all, a UK constitutional convention must build on the passion ignited in Scotland by the referendum, and bring that desire for determining our political future to the rest of the UK.

Katie Ghose, Electoral Reform Society; Vernon Bogdanor, King’s College London; Graham Allen MP, chairman, Political and Constitutional Reform Committee Plus a further 16 signatories at thetimes.co.uk/letters

Sir, If Scotland votes for independence, the impact on the rest of the UK will be profound despite the fact that the people of England, Wales and Northern Ireland have had no say in the matter. To ensure that we are not sold short, the terms eventually negotiated between the Scottish and UK governments must be put to a binding referendum of those of us who will remain in the UK.

Michael Patterson

Swineshead, Lincs

Many teachers think interactive whiteboards are a gimmick and a waste of educational finance

Sir, As a recently retired teacher, I find the claim that the use of “interactive whiteboards” has improved exam results by one grade intriguing (report, Sept 8). Just because students can skilfully find their way around interactive whiteboards does not necessarily mean that they are increasing their learning. Many students I taught were brilliant at using technology but lacked critical analysis, knowledge or understanding. Many teachers think that interactive whiteboards are a gimmick; the educational rewards certainly do not justify the enormous expense laid out for them, especially when most young people are computer savvy anyway.

Leo McCormack

Sedgefield, Co Durham

2014

Jane MacQuitty’s rebuttal of various wine myths was welcome — with one exception…

Sir, Jane MacQuitty’s dismissal of a number of wine myths (Sept 6) came as a pleasant taste to the palate. I would, though, question her plea to ignore the practice of letting wine breathe. It depends on the wine. A good Burgundy may often be drunk immediately after opening, but many ordinary, higher-volume wines from the new world improve remarkably after an hour in a decanter. She is right that wine starts to oxidise at once after opening, but this process initially creates the organic esters that please the nostrils so much. The deterioration comes later, when the half-empty bottle has been left overnight.

Dr AG Holton

Lockerley, Hants

The ortolan bunting deserves to be saved from the clutches of France’s finest chefs

Sir, Four of France’s finest chefs want the ban on hunting ortolan buntings to be suspended (Sept 10). They fear that the recipe for these birds — which are said to have inspired the first notes of Beethoven’s Fifth Symphony — may be lost. Is there a happy chance that it may never be found?

Juanita Fenton

Ilkley, W Yorks

If we can’t get land use policy right in the UK, what chance for Sir Jonathon Porritt’s ‘very poor countries’?

Sir, Sir Jonathon Porritt (letter, Sept 9, and report, Sept 4) might reflect that forestry, like charity, begins at home, and consider the results of his previous campaign, to “save” our own state forests from privatisation. We have had nearly three years of reports, meetings, delays and obfuscations from Defra, which is now preparing to hand over its “recommendations” to a new government, after next year’s election.

If we can’t get forest and land use policy right in England, what chance for his “very poor countries”?

David WG Taylor

(Past president, Institute of Chartered Foresters) Rodley, Glos

Telegraph:

Mega-city: compact cities like Hong Kong tend to use much less energy per capita compared to sprawling cities Photo: AP

6:58AM BST 10 Sep 2014

CommentsComments

SIR – Allister Heath is right to recognise the challenges posed by rapid urbanisation, including getting the infrastructure right.

One essential consideration is the impact on energy use and carbon emissions. Compact cities like Hong Kong tend to use much less energy per capita than more sprawling ones like Los Angeles – not least because of shorter distances between homes and workplaces and better access to public transport.

Other ways to make our cities more energy efficient include better integration of water, waste, sewage and power systems; switching from coal to natural gas-fired power stations; and expanding the range of cleaner fuels for vehicles.

Cities are, and will continue to be, a defining feature of our civilisation. Making sure we get city design right is one of the most important tasks we face.

Jeremy Bentham
Head of Scenarios, Shell
The Hague, The Netherlands

Arming the Kurds

SIR – Nato should take heed of the law of unintended consequences when considering whether to support and arm the Kurds further in their battle with Isil.

Those with a knowledge of the area will recall that for many years Turkey fought an insurrection in the south of the country, and that it has long been a Kurdish ambition to create a national state embracing the Kurdish areas of Syria, Iraq and Turkey.

Such a landlocked country would control the headwaters of the rivers Tigris and Euphrates, together with several major oil producing areas, creating unacceptable economic and strategic threats to the current sovereign areas.

Where would the West stand on the subsequent political upheaval?

Col Peter Mitchell (retd)
Odiham, Hampshire

Talking greens

SIR – Am I alone in being weary of food manufacturers anthropomorphising their products?

Today I bought a bag of fresh greens from Tesco. The instructions on the bag were: “Please keep me in the fridge.”

I don’t want a relationship with a bunch of greens – it’s bad enough being told I’ve got to eat them.

Ruth Morgan
Horsham, West Sussex

More expensive police

SIR – If the president of the Superintendents’ Association believes amalgamating police forces will make savings, she is badly mistaken. Large organisations are always more expensive to operate.

Amalgamating police forces in Scotland resulted in additional costs totalling hundreds of millions of pounds – the opposite of what was promised – and the same would apply to any amalgamations in England and Wales.

Paul Hornby
Oxford

Ranking pupils

SIR – The next Conservative manifesto could include a promise to force schools to set pupils by ability. This is obviously a good thing and the fact that the Association of Teachers and Lecturers is against it gives it extra weight.

Unfortunately, this continues the practice of gauging a school’s performance on how well it does the things Ofsted thinks will make it a better school. What we need is an objective measure of performance.

A repeated IQ test for all pupils throughout their school careers would allow us to compare actual results with reasonably expected results and provide a good objective measure of the value added by individual teachers as well as schools.

Kenneth Hynes
London N7

Fair game

SIR – Major-General Dare Wilson, who kept a 12-bore shotgun with him throughout the Second World War, was not the only soldier to refuse to forego game shooting during the hostilities.

While serving with the 1st Armoured Coldstream Guards on September 1 1944 the late, great Major Nico Collin was passing a field of kale near Arras in France. Remembering that it was beginning of partridge shooting season, he offered a pound to anyone who downed one.

As a covey got up 200 yards ahead of him he blazed away with a light machine gun fixed to the turret of his Sherman. His disappointment at missing them was more than compensated when two German soldiers arose from the kale with their hands raised in surrender.

They were recorded in the “Various” column of his game book.

Michael Cleary
Bulmer, North Yorkshire

Cameron’s CCF cuts will damage state schools

SIR – Independent school heads are concerned that funding cuts jeopardise the future of their CCF contingents (report, September 6).

Given that the Prime Minister’s Cadet Expansion Programme aims to establish 100 new cadet units in state schools, readers may be more surprised to know that the funding cuts apply equally to existing CCF units in state schools.

My state school is celebrating the centenary of our Combined Cadet Force, which is currently thriving. Over the next four years the MoD plans to withdraw our contingent grant; adult volunteers will no longer be remunerated; and each cadet will be charged £150 per year.

These changes will lead to a contraction of state school CCF contingents – the opposite effect to that intended by the Prime Minister.

Chris Pyle
Headmaster, Lancaster Royal Grammar School

SIR – State schools are uniquely dependent on the direct grant to fund their CCF units, having no money in school foundations or from school fees. The CCF offers a tremendous opportunity for pupils, regardless of background or wealth, which is likely to disappear if the MoD’s proposals to charge cadets and schools for running a CCF are put into practice.

State school contingents are also heavily dependent on non-teaching volunteers who take time off work to help run CCF activities and undertake extensive personal training in order to be competent. By withdrawing funding to existing programmes, the MoD’s proposals may force them to resign from their positions. Their equivalents in the Army Cadet Force and Air Training Corps face no such threat – a clear and unjust disparity.

Wg Cdr David Hobbs RAFVR(T)
Contingent Commander, Sutton Grammar School CCF
Sutton, Surrey

Jack the Ripper, from Le Petit Parisien, 1891, engraving with later colouration Photo: BRIDGEMAN ART LIBRARY

6:59AM BST 10 Sep 2014

CommentsComments

SIR – On the basis of DNA analysis, Russell Edwards claims that Aaron Kosminski was “definitely, categorically and absolutely” Jack the Ripper.

The detective in charge of the case, my great-grandfather Donald Swanson, named the perpetrator as just “Kosminski”, a fact first revealed in your columns in 1987.

Nevill Swanson
Worcester

SIR – As Catherine Eddowes was described as a “casual prostitute”, can the intimate DNA samples linked to Aaron Kosminski, found on her shawl be taken as definitive proof of him being Jack the Ripper, or was he a recent client?

I’d be surprised if this would stand up in court today.

Arthur Bayley
Tyldesley, Lancashire

Exports: independence could have a significantly negative effect on businesses based in Scotland Photo: Alamy

7:00AM BST 10 Sep 2014

CommentsComments

SIR – Independence would be damaging to the Scottish-owned, independent Scotch whisky company of which I am finance director. We are wholly based in Scotland so, unlike our globally based competitors, will face the full impact of the ensuing changes and associated risks.

The prospect of higher interest rates

will curb our ability to fund stock and therefore reduce growth or force us to contract.

Will we be able to trade as a member of the EU, and what will our currency be? If it is to be the euro, how will we progress to meet the accession criteria?

The presence of greater currency risks will affect our margins, which are reasonably protected at the moment, as nearly all of our export sales are in sterling.

Our global representation will be diminished as few Scottish trade missions will be established, and they will take time to become credible.

It is startling that independence could affect an independent Scottish export business more adversely than others. I am concerned that these risks will only be appreciated when it is far too late.

Mike Younger
Ian Macleod Distillers
Broxburn, West Lothian

SIR – The consequences of a Yes vote would be dire for Scotland, and I believe that the SNP’s economic promises amount to little more than fool’s gold.

However, money is not the sole reason for keeping the Union. Together we have achieved great things in the world and the Scottish contribution has been very significant. Whether on the battlefield confronting fascism or in the fields of engineering, medicine, science, sport or politics, Scottish representatives have been up there with the best.

I find it hard to believe that the Scottish people would want to retreat from an international front-row seat for their representatives to a place with little influence in the world.

For those of us in Northern Ireland, the people of Scotland are our kith and kin, and the thought of them leaving us is very sad indeed. The main parties in Parliament must set out a clear vision of what all of us in the Union can do together to expand our economies, improve standards of education and redraw our constitutional future.

Lord Empey
Chairman, Ulster Unionist Party
London SW1

SIR – What clearer message that your cause is lost could you give than to wheel out as your spokesman the most embarrassingly inept prime minister in living memory?

Clive Boddington
Armathwaite, Cumberland

SIR – Presumably, if Scotland becomes independent, the Royal Mail will no longer be able to justify the cost of postage within the UK by citing the excessive costs of providing a daily delivery service to remote Scottish dwellings, and therefore the cost of sending letters within England and Wales will go down and European rates will apply to letters to Scotland.

Doubtless the BBC, Met Office and Forestry Commission, to name but three, would also have to downsize substantially, with resultant large savings to the new United Kingdom.

John Mellows
Kilmington, Devon

SIR – Having lived through a period during which two Scottish prime ministers, aided by two Scottish chancellors, steered the UK into a financial downturn in which two Scottish banks needed to be bailed out by British taxpayers, I regard the prospect of Scottish independence with equanimity tinged with relief.

John Gordon
Kingsbridge, Devon

SIR – To appease the Scots, should the next royal baby be christened Bonnie Prince Charlie?

Roger Briers
Fitz, Shropshire

Irish Times:

Sir, – If the people of Scotland vote Yes to independence but the majority of the people in the northeast, say the Grampian district, vote No, would those unionists be entitled to partition the country?

If they did not want to be called Scottish they could call themselves Northern Scottish or Grampians. – Yours, etc,

PEADAR DALY,

Tuamgraney,

Co Clare.

Sir, – Your editorial “Scotland’s Moment” disappoints me. You imagine Ireland in the personage of our Minister for Foreign Affairs Charlie Flanagan telling Scotland with confidence that we’ve “been there, done that”. You make the troubled course of Ireland’s independence seem like a jaunt on a luxury coach to the Palace of Versailles. Such grandiosity, sir, needs to be challenged.

We have paid a very high price for our independence and the burden of that price has been disproportionately borne by the ordinary people of Ireland.

Scottish independence, rather like Irish independence, will be a marvellous boon for those who are well heeled and middle class.

As for the rest, they will have to make themselves familiar with the street plans of London, Manchester and Birmingham. – Yours, etc,

KEVIN RYAN,

Buckingham Road,

London.

Sir, – Your edition of September 9th presented an interesting divergence of opinion on Scotland’s forthcoming referendum. In your editorial “Scotland’s moment” you conclude, “Scotland’s desire to forge its own direction should be supported”. While in your Business section Paul Krugman (“Why Scotland should think hard about going it alone”) succinctly points out the huge risks of an independent Scotland using England’s pound sterling.

Surely, Mr Krugman’s case is correct, because the Scottish economy would remain totally controlled by the interest rates set by the Bank of England, and there could be times when the two economies would be heading in completely different directions.

We have only got to cast our minds back a few years when the rates set by the ECB did not suit Ireland’s economy.

Scotland’s economy is tightly integrated with the rest of Britain’s, which would seem to suggest a new government in Edinburgh would have little room to manoeuvre, and little chance of Mr Salmond delivering the goodies he is promising in return for a Yes vote. – Yours, etc,

MIKE CORMACK,

Ardagh Close,

Blackrock,

Co Dublin.

A chara, – After spending some time recently in the UK, I’ve just returned to read the editorial “Scotland’s moment”. The difference between the treatment of the debate about independence for Scotland in the majority of the newspapers in the UK and your commentary is glaring. The calm, considered, informed and balanced tones of The Irish Times contrast with the one-sided, strident disparagement meted out by the UK press to the Yes side. – Is mise,

NIALL Ó MURCHADHA,

An Spidéal,

Co na Gaillimhe.

Sir, – One week to go and the outcome is in the balance.

I am nearly 70 and I notice that most of the older age-group is firmly in the No camp. Why is this? Is it only because they selfishly fear for their pensions and savings, as some Yes people have dismissively claimed?

Or could it be that they can transcend such considerations, have travelled a bit, and understand better the importance of good relationships among this family of nations?

Could it be that those in the older generation have a better sense of how unstable our modern world is, economically and politically, and how the union, for all its inadequacies, has served people well? – Yours, etc,

PADDY McEVOY,

Ardmore Road,

Holywood,

Co Down.

A chara, – I cannot agree entirely with Susan Fitzgerald (September 5th) that “in every area of public service run by the State there are calls for regular and thorough systems of regulation” and that, therefore, Monica O’Connor was wrong to refuse to submit to such regulation regarding home schooling.

Article 42 of Bunreacht na hÉireann safeguards the right of parents to choose a school with an ethos they support, or alternatively to home school. The latter, far from being a public service provided by the State, is precisely a method of education outside State direction. Not all parents are happy with State education, or else simply believe that home schooling is a better alternative for their own children. Consider the tiny number of people who actually write the syllabus which is imposed on all State schoolchildren – it is in the dozens, for a nation of millions.

The family is the basic unit of society and of civilisation, and parents are the natural and primary educators of their children. The school – and the State – exists to support and protect the family, not the other way round.

What if parents do not agree with the criteria by which their children are to be “inspected” by the State? Home schooling groups made these points in the debate leading up to the Education (Welfare) Act 2000. The initial draft of this legislation had effectively equated home schooling with truancy. Some of our ideas were incorporated. We were willing to have our children present a portfolio of work at a neutral location, or present for State exams as external candidates, but objected to the intrusion of inspectors into private homes.

The question remains, who is the ultimate boss of our children – the parents or the State? There will always be “hard cases” that can be dealt with on an individual basis; but the basic fact remains – you cannot have two bosses. – Is mise,

MICHEÁL

Ó FEARGHAIL,

BSc, Dip Ed,

Sallybrook House,

Glanmire, Co Cork.

Sir, – In his reference to Kenmare, Frank McDonald has got the wrong end of the stick (“Time to let go of the hanging baskets”, September 8th). Today I counted eight hanging baskets in Kenmare. Yes, we do have a profusion of flowers, but they are in window boxes, and they do not obscure any of our wonderful architecture. I have seen many overseas visitors in our town, over the last 25 years, who stop, wonder at and photograph our most colourful displays. I can see them back home sharing the beauty of Kenmare with their friends and relations.

Kenmare is a living place, a place we are very proud of. Having lived, over the years, in over 20 counties in Ireland, I have found nowhere more beautiful or fulfilling than Kenmare.

Come back soon, Frank, and see for yourself ! – Yours, etc,

TERRY O’ DOHERTY,

Lodge Wood,

Kenmare, Co Kerry.

Sir, – Frank McDonald in the early 1980s accepted an invitation to visit our, then, rather dull and dirty town, Kinsale. He told us that it was up to us to care for our environment. He was inspiring. He got us going.

He was right – painting, planting and caring for our plants unites our community. Kinsale is now alive, well loved and lived in. Our planted environment is evidence of individual involvement. We in southwest Cork enjoy our hanging baskets.

Times change. I live over the shop in a Victorian house and feel much better since I got rid of the aspidistra and planted geraniums. – Yours, etc,

COLETTE BOLAND,

Barrys’s Place,

Kinsale, Co Cork.

Sir, – I am a native of Leitrim who moved to the US since in 1960. I read The Irish Times almost every day. I got a really good laugh from Frank McDonald’s tirade against hanging flower baskets. I am amazed that someone had the courage and the time to disparage such an innocuous practice with such venom, but it was very refreshing. But please tell him to lighten up. – Yours, etc,

CONOR WRAFTER,

Union,

New Jersey.

Sir, – Hanging baskets are a modern phenomenon, so how could Frank McDonald see them in photos from the Victorian era, as if that would authenticate their use?

There are a lot of ugly buildings out there that are redeemed by the use of baskets. Victoriana had its fair share of bad taste, including aspidistras. It was not a golden age of good taste but it was remarkable for its pomposity. – Yours, etc,

JOE BYRNE,

Ballyboughal,

Co Dublin.

A chara, – Dr Ronan McCrea’s response (“Muslim pupils should not be deprived of the cultural resources to take a full part in Irish society”, Opinion & Analysis, September 10th) to Dr Ali Selim’s call for a “revolution” in the Irish educational system to combat “discrimination” against Muslims (“Call for State schools to accommodate Islamic beliefs”, September 3rd) seems to have missed the update that the vast majority of Muslim parents in Ireland do not regard the system as discriminatory at all (“Irish Muslim organisations praise schools system”, September 10th).

But then again, as Dr McCrea’s article makes clear, this particular controversy has nothing to do with discrimination. It has to do with dismantling our school system and replacing it with one designed to promote a particular worldview. This is made clear in his statement that “parents do not have the right to prevent their child from encountering anything with which they may disagree while using the State education system”.

It is apparently now intolerable that schools should foster the values or beliefs of parents, or even be a safe haven for children from the wider culture’s constant barrage of ideas and values which parents may reject and wish to protect their children from, or at least wait until what they think is the appropriate time to introduce their children to them; the wise and benevolent state must protect children from their parents and schools must “brainwash or propagandise” their students solely in the cause of secularism.

All this flies in the face of our constitutional recognition of the fact that it is parents, not the state, who are the primary educators of their children. The mask is slipping. Those who think faith is nonsense and that religion has nothing to offer see our schools as the best place to promote their own ideological “revolution”. And every opportunity must be taken to promote that agenda; even if those “opportunities” turn out to be media-driven non-events. – Is mise,

Rev PATRICK G BURKE,

Castlecomer,

Co Kilkenny.

Sir, – Rob Sadlier (September 9th) declares it a”fallacy” to state that we might not have ended up with a bankrupt country if women were represented in the Dáil at nearer their 50 per cent proportion in the electorate .

It can be argued that women are more vulnerable in situations of societal upheaval, insecurity and chaos and that renders them less reckless decision-makers. We could have done with less reckless decision-makers during the boom. Indeed it is perfectly reasonable to argue that if we had more of them we might have avoided the highs of the Celtic Tiger and the lows of the post Celtic Tiger bust. – Yours, etc,

ANTHONY LEAVY,

Shielmartin Drive,

Sutton, Dublin 13.

Sir, – Dr Colette Finn (September 9th) states that “women are by far the biggest group under-represented in Irish politics”. One crucial fact here is that, since the foundation of the State, no one has been excluded from standing as a Dáil candidate because of their gender.

Also, while it is true that the main political parties have been, and continue to be, mainly male, one does not require, and never has required, the nomination of a political party to stand for election.

As Dr Finn is obviously dissatisfied with the performance of the political parties in respect of nominating female candidates, let her and her 5050 Group organise the nomination of independent female candidates to contest every Dáil seat at the next general election. If nothing else, this would provide an opportunity to see what importance the electorate as a whole attaches to the gender of Dáil candidates, as distinct from the importance attached to this by Dr Finn and her colleagues in the 5050 Group. – Yours, etc,

HUGH GIBNEY,

Castletown,

Athboy,

Co Meath.

Sir, – To read that the planned expansion of cancer treatment facilities at St James’s Hospital in Dublin has now been deferred because of the construction of the National Children’s Hospital was enough to send me into orbit, crutches and all (“Expansion of cancer facilities at St James’s Hospital deferred”, September 6th).

What is it about this Government’s propensity to try to squeeze health facilities into small spaces? There simply isn’t enough room at St James’s to fit a children’s hospital, an adult hospital, a maternity hospital and expanded cancer facilities. I can only hope that the Fota Island think-in gives our political masters the time and space they need to revisit the location of the children’s hospital at St James’s and to reopen the file on Blanchardstown, which would give everyone enough room to breathe and expand.

While they’re at it, they should also establish a new government department – a “Department of Common Sense”.– Yours, etc,

JONATHAN IRWIN,

Johnstown Manor,

Johnstown,

Naas, Co Kildare.

Sir, – The recent upheaval in council chambers over the determination of the chief executives of the four Dublin local authorities to proceed with the Poolbeg incinerator highlights yet again the excessive powers of their offices over those elected by the citizens of Dublin city and county.

It was former minister for the environment Noel Dempsey who amended the 1996 Waste Management Act to vest decision-making powers in the county managers (chief executives) rather than elected representative. In the context of the ongoing debate about an elected mayor for Dublin, it is time this Government reversed Mr Dempsey’s decision in favour of councillors, who are democratically elected and accountable to the citizens. – Yours, etc,

Cllr VICTOR BOYHAN,

County Hall,

Dún Laoghaire.

Sir, – Fintan O’Toole (“Turning our dead taoisigh into great leaders”, Opinion & Analysis, 9th) may be missing the point that speaking well of the dead, even our taoisigh, may just about rectify the inevitable torrent of abuse most receive during the course of their political lives. As he stated, “death is one of the things we do well in Ireland”; but is it not this fact of celebrating the life of a recently departed relative or friend that is at the heart of Christian burial? – Yours, etc,

FRANK BROWNE,

Ballyroan Park,

Templeogue,

Sir, – In his letter on Mary Feely’s article criticising school uniforms, David Marlborough (September 10th) talks of “steering children towards some degree of professional attire”, conveniently forgetting that this country was brought to its knees by bankers and politicians who “appreciate how a nice elegant tie sets off a neat suit”.

I would prefer to be led by honest people whose primary concern was not conforming to an outmoded dress code. – Yours, etc,

ADRIAN J ENGLISH,

Kilcolman Court,

Glenageary, Co Dublin.

Sir, – Further to Aonghus Dwane’s Rite & Reason article of September 2nd (“Retired Church of Ireland archbishop led his community to places they had not been”), and just to keep the record straight, the first woman to be ordained priest in the Republic was Janet Catterall in St Fin Barre’s Cathedral, Cork. The first two women priests in the Church of Ireland, Irene Templeton and Kathleen Young, were ordained in Belfast by the Bishop of Connor, Dr Samuel Poyntz. Ginnie Kennerley was the fourth woman priest to be so ordained. – Yours, etc,

Right Rev ROY WARKE,

Kerdiff Park,

Naas, Co Kildare.

Sir, – Christopher Wood (September 10th) appears to think that I am too young to remember the street cries of newsboys of old. I wish! He also refers to the death of the “Mayell” as unlamented. Poor Jiggs and Maggie! – Yours, etc,

PN CORISH,

Oaklands Drive,

Rathgar, Dublin 6.

Irish Independent:

In his recently-published letter, Philip O’Neill was right that the banality of irrational news from the Middle East distracts us from the fact that Arab cities were once beacons of tolerance, science and enlightenment.

Most of the pillars of Western civilisation were built up in Muslim Spain, such as free trade, open borders, diplomacy, etiquette, alternative medicine, hospitals, fashion, techniques of academic research and anthropology, to mention just a few.

It is true that the beheadings of innocent journalists, the desecration of Christian symbols and places of worship and asking Christians to leave the Iraqi city of Mosul within 24 hours were done under the rubric of religion.

However, we must remember that such appalling acts are nothing but a blot on a tradition that prides itself on being a cultural and religious mosaic.

The region has been a home for myriad faiths for thousands of years. There is no clash of civilisations or religions, as Muslims bear the brunt of oppression, injustices and atrocities.

Also, those who heap blame on religions as the drivers of hatred and animosities need look no further than the UK, where many disparate faiths, ethnic groups and religions cohabit peacefully. Another example of ancient harmonious cohabitation could be found in Jordan, where the kingdom derives its name from the River Jordan: a site revered by the three Abrahamic religions as the river where Jesus Christ was baptised by John the Baptist and the river which the Israelites had to cross to reach the promised land.

In our quest for civil rights and the sanctity of human life and dignity, we should always look for such shining beacons as oases of peace.

Dr Munjed Farid Al Qutob, London NW2, UK

 

Badger cull based on old science

There is going to be a badger cull.

This will probably please many farmers who, for very good reasons, see the badger as a spreader of the dreaded TB to their cattle herds.

This will not please environmentalists, who see the badger as an integral part of Ireland’s ecosystem.

But do we really need to cull the badgers?

Do we really need to spend a fortune on an “eradication programme” that has proven itself to be anything but that which its proponents claim it is?

When an animal tests positive for TB on a farm, it is sent to the meat factories for slaughter. After the beast has been killed, its lungs are subjected to a veterinary inspection for lesions on the lungs caused by the disease.

In some cases, despite the positive on-farm test, the animal in question may not have any visible signs of the disease. The test is paid for by the farmers through veterinary fees paid by all who send livestock to be slaughtered.

This scheme was established many, many moons ago, when food processing and milk production was carried out in a completely different manner and when there were very poor medicines for dealing with TB in the human population.

It was also a time when all the beef eaten in Ireland was home-grown. Today, because the world is now a global market, the beef you eat may have been transported from many different countries in the world.

Do these exporting countries test for TB to meet our high standards, which see badgers being killed ?

The cull seems to be relying on old science.

Well, I suppose at least the badgers won’t form a group of protesters.

Dermot Ryan, Athenry, Co Galway

 

Rebuke for Leo, none for James

For more than three years James Reilly presided over fantasy budget proposals, medical cards being taken from sick children and controversy after controversy.

All the while, Dr Reilly retained the full, unwavering support of Enda Kenny.

Perhaps that was because Enda saw Dr Reilly as a close ally and supporter or perhaps because Dr Reilly was an unquestioning and eager participant as the Government annually slashed the public health budget and promoted the ideology of the privatisation of health.

Whatever the reason, it’s clear that the Taoiseach stood four-square behind Dr Reilly as he lurched from one scandal to the next.

Contrast that with his response to Leo Varadkar’s comments yesterday.

Mr Varadkar spoke candidly about the current state of the public health system and about how unrealistic some of the Government’s health policies actually were.

Mr Kenny, however, apparently didn’t take kindly to Mr Varadkar’s refreshing honesty and instead publicly rebuked him in a manner that he never did with Dr Reilly.

Simon O’Connor, Dublin 12

 

Hanafin – a woman scorned

Mary Hanafin has done it again, and there really is nothing quite like a woman scorned.

Micheal Martin still has a lot to learn. The Fianna Fail leadership’s handling of Ms Hanafin’s local candidacy has come back to bite him and the Fianna Fail party.

Senior figures in the party seem to be terrified of anything that will remind voters of failings while in government. Ms Hanafin has tussled with the elephant in the room. This will resonate with voters, but rankle with Mr Martin.

Mr Martin needs to bring Ms Hanafin back into the fold before she finds a way to really get stuck in.

Killian Brennan, Malahide Road, Dublin 17

 

Bring back the gold standard

For seven years, through letters to editors and politicians, I have endeavoured to raise the issue of the need for nations worldwide to return to the gold standard – to no avail.

It is that time of the year for me to make another attempt. Here goes: Fiat money is eventually worth the paper that it is printed on. Within 25 years, the planet will recognise such a need when the world’s major economies all collapse at the same time, and many of us will ask: “How could we have let this happen?” Sound familiar?!

Vincent J Lavery, Dalkey, Co Dublin

 

The great USC giveaway

Brendan Howlin thinks there is no room for a “giveaway budget”.

What about my Universal Social Charge, which is taken from me each month and given away?

Darren Williams, Blackglen Road, Waterford

 

The whole truth

You carried a piece stating that almost €7m had been spent on air travel for public service “high flyers” “whisked” around for the year 2013 (Irish Independent, September 9).

Various statistics and expenditure breakdowns were quoted, with the observation that the €6.97m spent was a 13pc increase over 2012. All these figures are doubtless true.

But one important element was missing from the article – for six months of 2013, Ireland held the EU Presidency.

It’s hardly surprising that this tenure would have incurred increased traffic to Brussels, the permanent hub of Europe.

It’s another example of nuanced journalism: print the truth, nothing but the truth. But don’t print the whole truth if it doesn’t fit the agenda.

I have a bet with my bookmaker that this letter will not be published. I’d love to lose it!

Larry Dunne, Rosslare Harbour, Co Wexford

Irish Independent


Meg and Lynn

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12 September 2014 Meg and Lynn

I jog around the park I still have arthritis in my left knee, but I manage to get round the park. A sunny but cool day. Meg and Lynn come to visit.

Mary’s back not much better today, no breakfast wt down corn for tea and her back pain is still there.

Obituary:

Graham Joyce – obituary

Graham Joyce was an acclaimed fantasy novelist whose fiction reinvented the fairy tale, mixing the eerie with the everyday

Graham Joyce, fantasy writer

Graham Joyce Photo: BETH GWINN/WRITER PICTURES

5:21PM BST 11 Sep 2014

CommentsComments

Graham Joyce, who has died aged 59, was a multi-award-winning author of what was usually described as “dark fantasy” – his long suit was atmosphere and the ability to marry the magical with the quotidian; and his books occupied narrative territory similar to contemporary reinventors of the fairy tale such as Neil Gaiman and Jonathan Carroll.

The titles of several of Joyce’s books — such as Dreamside, The Tooth Fairy, House of Lost Dreams, The Limits of Enchantment and Some Kind of Fairy Tale — made no secret of this tendency. His ready incorporation of the eerie or mystical with the matter-of-fact led to comparisons with the magical realism of writers such as Gabriel García Márquez, but he regarded it as being in a much more English tradition, often citing Arthur Machen as a formative influence.

Covers of two Graham Joyce novels

Graham William Joyce was born on October 22 1954 and grew up at Keresley, a mining village near Coventry in the industrial West Midlands. He described the women in his family as prone to dreams and visions which they regarded as part and parcel of everyday life: “They just accepted this mystery and then they cooked the dinner.”

His first piece of writing was an attempt to provide an account of his junior school’s success in the football shield in the dialect of his teacher, who had a broad Yorkshire accent. Football remained an enthusiasm; he was the regular goalkeeper for the England Writers team. At 16, he started his first novel – “a really bad spy story” – and got a job mixing cement in a builder’s yard.

Joyce continued to write, without any commercial success, and trained as a teacher at Bishop Lonsdale College in Derby, where he lived in a bedsit, for which he paid £2.50 a week. After gaining his BEd in 1977 he went on to Leicester University, where he studied English Literature and met his wife, Sue.

Upon graduating, he took a part-time job with the National Association of Youth Clubs, reasoning that it would give him time to write. But he enjoyed little success, while his work became full-time.

Joyce claimed that he felt miserable during this period – he was strongly opposed to Margaret Thatcher’s government – and after eight years he quit his job to have one last stab at making a career as a writer. His wife also left her job as a solicitor, and the two drove to Greece, choosing at random to settle on Lesbos.

After a year the manuscript of Dreamside, which dealt with college students experimenting with lucid dreaming, was accepted by Pan Macmillan, and Joyce and his wife used the advance to explore the Middle East before returning to Leicester. By the time it was published in 1991, he had written two others.

One did not find favour with his agent, but the other, Dark Sister, a tale of occult herbalism in Leicester, won the British Fantasy Award for 1993. His fourth novel, Requiem, and his fifth, The Tooth Fairy, took the same prize in 1996 and 1997, as did 1999’s Indigo. The Facts of Life (2002) won the World Fantasy Award.

What made this steady output and success the more remarkable was the range of subjects and settings Joyce was prepared to explore. Apart from the elements of the fantastic, the books had little in common. Requiem was set in Jerusalem and used religious divisions to mirror personal distances; The Tooth Fairy was a coming of age tale of loss and maturity; and Indigo drew on art and cultural clashes to examine ways of seeing.

In all Joyce produced more than a dozen novels, as well as collections of short stories, and the non-fiction football memoir Simple Goalkeeping Made Spectacular (2009), which was shortlisted for William Hill Sports Book of the Year. From 1996, he also taught Creative Writing at Nottingham Trent University, which awarded him a PhD (for published fiction; his Master’s thesis had focused on Thomas Pynchon).

Smoking Poppy (2001) was set amid Thai hill tribes, while Memoirs of a Master Forger (2008), purportedly by an alcoholic bibliophile who can see demons, was actually published under the name of the central character, William Heaney. Some Kind of Fairy Tale (2012) described the return of a missing girl, unchanged after 20 years.

Graham Joyce was diagnosed with aggressive lymphoma last year. He documented his experience of chemotherapy, and the way in which the disease made him look differently at the world, on his blog, which brought him many messages of support from readers. His last novel was The Year of the Ladybird, a ghost story set in the long hot summer of 1976, and his most recent publication a collection of short stories, 25 Years in the Mines, with a cover designed by his 18-year-old daughter, Ella.

He is survived by his wife, their daughter and son, Joe.

Graham Joyce, born October 22 1954, died September 9 2014

Guardian:

Abraham Lincoln circa 1863. Photograph: Library Of Congress/Sanna Dullaway Abraham Lincoln circa 1863. Photograph: Library Of Congress/Sanna Dullaway

I am surprised that in all the hubbub about Scottish secession from the United Kingdom, so little reference has been made to the 19th-century American experience. For instance, Abraham Lincoln’s first presidential inaugural address (4 March 1861), a passionate plea to avoid civil war, demonstrates the immense relevance of that experience to our difficulties. He said to the Southern states, and seems to be saying to Scotland:

“Physically speaking, we cannot separate. We cannot remove our respective sections from each other, nor build an impassable wall between them. A husband and wife may be divorced and go out of the presence and beyond the reach of each other; but the different parts of our country cannot do this. They cannot but remain face to face, and intercourse, either amicable or hostile, must continue between them. Is it possible, then, to make that intercourse more advantageous or more satisfactory after separation than before? Can aliens make treaties easier than friends can make laws? Can treaties be more faithfully enforced between aliens than laws can among friends?”

The implications of this, for us are plain. What is at stake is not just the Act of Union but the future of all the people of the island of Britain, who cannot but remain face to face (as Lincoln puts it). If the Scottish Nationalists are serious about reform, they should demand that the whole British people come together to exercise their constitutional right of amending their government. All other courses, including secession and “devo max”, threaten all of us with years of disorder, and no satisfactory outcome, perhaps, at the end.

I hope that the Scots, whose nationalist leaders seem so indifferent to anything except their own immediate interests, will vote no on referendum day; and then that all of us Britons can elect a constitutional assembly to address the problems so dismally threatening our future together – a future which, I repeat, is, as Lincoln helps us to see, inescapable.
Hugh Brogan
Research professor of history, University of Essex

• My great-grandfather Keir Hardie, one of the founder members of the Independent Labour party, believed passionately in the concept of home rule but also in a socialist party built on solidarity and unity. Salmond and co are cynical with their half-truths about creating a state where social mobility and welfare for the poor will flourish. North Sea oil, which is beginning to sound as large as the North Sea itself, will need investment to maintain and will eventually dry out. Businesses may well come on low corporation tax but will they stay if their profits are capped? And if they do, will they reinvest their profits in the economy or do as they are doing elsewhere in the world keep them in-house or move them elsewhere to some safe tax haven?

Nationalism fosters insularity and hostility. However, we have a grumpy neighbour. I have spent 50 years in education and counselling and know that one difficult kid can bring the class down. Eventually you have to open the door and tell them to go. The rest of the class thrive in their absence, as the UK will do. We are an intelligent, determined nation and have survived far worse than this.
Kate Axford
Selby, Yorkshire

• I recall that the Guardian initiated a letter-writing campaign to US voters prior to the 2004 presidential election (Report, 22 October 2004). I wish to respond to voters in the British Isles and suggest that Scottish citizens vote in favour of independence. This is a historic moment. This is your chance to utterly and totally transform the British Isles. You are the change that you’ve been waiting for. Since 2008 the citizens of the United States have had so much hope and change that it wouldn’t be right to keep it all on this side of the Atlantic. Next weekend I urge all eligible voters in Scotland to break the chains that bind you to the English and Welsh. Assert yourselves and go forward.

Depending on the outcome, Welsh citizens might consider a referendum of their own.
Martha Furman Kojro
Rolla, Missouri, USA

• The campaign has been brilliant to observe and seemingly galvanising for all those who can vote. We should thank those who made the referendum possible. And as the vote draws near, one central issue has been thrown into stark relief – simply, as the no campaign demonstrates, across all its arguments, that the rUK currently subsidises Scotland and in exchange Scotland sends 40 or so Labour MPs to Westminster – is this the sustainable deal all the citizens of the UK freely buy into? Are the unemployed, the strained social services, the poor housing, the old and infirm, the health services, the universities in the rUK better serviced by the subsidies and disproportionate allocation of public funds to Scotland than a new partnership with an independent Scotland?

As Madeleine Bunting points out (Comment, 10 September) there is a huge opportunity for reinvention of politics, of identity, of new alliances; let us hope that Scotland will seize the opportunity and help propel the whole of the UK into a new age of enlightened politics.
Howard Williams
London

Welwyn Garden City, Hertfordshire: dispute over manorial rights. Photograph: Graham Turner for the G Welwyn Garden City, Hertfordshire: dispute over manorial rights. Photograph: Graham Turner for the Guardian

Nowhere in the discussion of garden cities (Rogers attacks ‘ridiculous’ plan for garden cities in green belt, 9 September) is there any mention of manorial rights. It has only recently been made known by the Land Registry that these feudal rights still exist, affecting 100,000 freehold properties nationwide, allowing hunting, shooting, fishing and mining for minerals over those properties. Councils that own freeholds and lease out properties to tenants are also affected by this. Nobody mentioned the existence of manorial rights when Welwyn Garden City was set up or disposed of by Margaret Thatcher, and nothing was ever mentioned during searches or conveyancing for property sales. A national campaign to abolish manorial rights, the Peasants’ Revolt, has been initiated in Welwyn Garden City. Manorial rights have already been abolished in Scotland. We wrote to Nick Clegg and Ed Miliband about this issue, but have received no replies.
Richard and Janet Woodward
Welwyn Garden City

•  One of the central strategies of Ebenezer Howard’s “town-country garden city” was to spatially separate dwelling from workplace. This separation has become a widely accepted central plank of urban planning and associated governance systems, an unexpected consequence of which has been to drive home-based work underground.

With structural unemployment, a globalising economy and enabling new technologies, the home-based workforce is now growing rapidly. This popular, family-friendly working practice has the potential to benefit the city, the economy and the environment.

Many home-based workers operate covertly, fearing they are, or actually are, breaking some regulation or other. It is crucial, as we think about the housing crisis, that we do not repeat past mistakes. Today’s dwellings are often also workplaces. They, and their neighbourhoods, need to be designed and governed differently. The garden city is not the answer.
Dr Frances Holliss
London Metropolitan University

A plate of poutine Poutine … a ‘democratic’ dish. Photograph: Alamy

As your otherwise excellent article states, poutine is a dish prepared with curd cheese, fried potato and the cooking juices from a roast (The posh chips and gravy taking over the world, G2, 8 September). If you deem such a food to be “posh” I shudder to think what might qualify as “proletarian”. Moreover, as a Canadian, I take exception to this imposition of your society’s obsession with class on to one of the most democratic foods the world has ever known. Poutine, in its original and natural state, is an honest food. It does not pretend to refinement or sophistication, and yet (as any consumer of a truly great poutine will tell you) its simple constituent parts combine to form a complex and uniquely satisfying food. It wants to be enjoyed by all – be they lords or labourers.
Zachary A Palmer Laporte
London

• No doubt the Vatican cricket team’s maiden tour of England (Report, 10 September) will find its way into Wisden, which is, after all, the Bible of cricket. And presumably any return fixtures can be played on the square at St Peter’s, which is more than a match for the square at Lord’s.
Adrian Brodkin
London

• Patrick Wintour writes (Cameron could secure his place in history – as PM who lost Scotland, 10 September) that (in 1982) “Lord Carrington was the last cabinet minister to resign … as a matter of honour”. But did not Robin Cook do so in 2003, when he resigned as leader of the House of Commons because of the Iraq war?
Claude Scott
Richmond, Surrey

• How marvellous to see Annie Freud, at 66, included in the list of next generation poets (Double recognition for genre-busting poet, 11 September). As a 48-year-old working on my first collection, this news has markedly improved my morning.
Emma Must
Belfast

• With respect, talking of “the world’s first artwork” dating back to 77,000 years before present (Letters, 8 September) underestimates H sapiens. Evidence indicates that human art had its origins 110,000 years ago at various near east sites and probably earlier.
Dr John Jennings
Leamington Spa, Warwickshire

German bombers over London in 1940 German bombers over London during the Battle of Britain in 1940: one in five of the RAF pilots who took them on were Polish. Photograph: IWM via Getty Images

While I agree with Dr Jane Darke about honouring those who fell in the second world war (Letters, 6 September), it is high time for national recognition of the part Poland played in the allied victory. It was the fourth largest allied armed force and played vital roles in most of the main theatres of war – North Africa, Monte Casino, Arnhem and many more, plus had a crucial role in cracking the Enigma code.

In 1940, before the US and USSR entered the war on the allied side, Poland played a vital role in the Battle of Britain. There were times when one out of five or six pilots was Polish. The entirely Polish 303 squadron scored the highest number of “kills” in the battle. After the war, Air Chief Marshall Sir Hugh Dowding, head of Fighter Command, wrote that without the Polish contribution “I hesitate to say that the outcome of the battle would have been the same”. It really was down to the wire.

Poland lost more people pro rata than any other nation including USSR. How did we acknowledge this? The Polish land forces were excluded from the victory parade on 8 June 1946 for fear of upsetting Stalin. It is time to acknowledge with gratitude what we owe to the Poles.
Joseph Cocker
Leominster

• Soon the brave men and women who endured the trials of a world war will all be gone. That is why every year I take a group of children to Arnhem in Holland to hear, first hand, the stories of a bitter battle told by those who fought it.

Last year, at a ceremony in the main cemetery, we witnessed a young soldier fainting while on duty. The first to his side was no medic or first aider. It was an elderly figure, wearing beret and medals, who had leapt from his chair and run all of 40 metres to help – it was 92-year-old Arnhem veteran Johnny Peters. We stood witnessing an extraordinary act of selflessness and camaraderie, instinctive and undimmed after all these years.

This month is the 70th anniversary of the battle at Arnhem. The last survivors will make one final pilgrimage. Peters will not be present. He passed away last month. But the qualities of that extraordinary generation, embodied in men like Peters, will live on. Their legacy will endure. It is a lesson not found in any school curriculum.
Titus Mills Headmaster, Walhampton school, Lymington

Protestors against the EU-US Transatlantic Trade and Investment Partnership in Brighton. Photograph: Protestors against the EU-US Transatlantic Trade and Investment Partnership in Brighton. Photograph: Kate Nye/Demotix/Corbis

Today, negotiators meet in Brussels to finalise an EU-Canada “free trade” deal, the Comprehensive Economic and Trade Agreement (Ceta). Like the EU-US deal being discussed, the Transatlantic Trade and Investment Partnership (TTIP), Ceta contains a controversial clause to allow large companies to sue governments over decisions they believe could harm their profits. This “investor-state dispute settlement” (ISDS) system circumvents existing court systems and could be a barrier to democratic policymaking.

In Britain, Ceta could threaten the NHS, public education and other public services, as well as our ability to regulate a host of industries from fracking to finance. Despite widespread public concern over ISDS, trade negotiators have seen fit to keep it in Ceta. If the British government doesn’t challenge it this week, neither European or British parliaments have the ability to amend a deal whose text still remains formally secret. Today is business secretary Vince Cable’s last chance to use the UK’s veto to remove ISDS from Ceta, to protect our democracy from the corporate power-grab proposed by this deal. We urge him to do so.
Nick Dearden Director, World Development Movement, John Hilary Executive director, War on Want, Sally Hunt General secretary, University and College Union, Christine Blower General secretary, National Union of Teachers, Helen Drewery General secretary, Quaker Peace and Social Witness, Ruth Bergan Coordinator, Trade Justice Movement

• The GMB revealed at a TUC fringe meeting on Sunday that as well as TTIP (Report, 8 September) it is fighting TiSA (the global Trade in Services Agreement) and the “Trojan horse” EU-Canada Ceta. These are the final pieces in the neoliberal jigsaw, handing over control of our rights and services to the multinationals.
John Airs
Liverpool

• Despite forever banging on about the repatriation of “powers” from Europe, the Eurosceptic wing of the Conservative party and Ukip appears content to surrender vast swaths of UK sovereignty to multinational agribusiness, pharmaceutical and energy companies. Hypocrisy – or self-interest?
Wal Callaby
Ipswich

• Amid the furore about hacking of celebrity images, your writers (on 6 September) identify very real wider dangers in the communications revolution already spinning beyond control. Zoe Williams uses “citizen porn” examples to show how phones are now data terminals; Ian Sample explains how inequalities in wealth impact on health and our genetic futures; Charles Arthur shows how increasingly rapid and easy connection has dark downsides.

Last week I joined European doctors discussing the information sharing being pressed on them in the name of patient access but also cost efficiencies. There is no doubt that the rapidly expanding global use of so-called e-health, m-health, the cloud and all the new gadgets we may soon all have to carry to monitor our vital signs, have massive potential benefits.

But private research priorities based on profit have not necessarily addressed equitable human needs.For business knowledge is power. I refuse to allow increasingly privatised health services to access my personal data when I cannot know the purposes for which it may be used or abused. If I had secrets, for example concerning abortion or sexual health, I could be even more vulnerable to exploitation, threat, blackmail or persecution as those who had hoped their playtime images were inviolable. But I would not have access to Hollywood lawyers, and little protection for my rights.

Multinational corporations are driving this revolution, irrespective of predictable and unforeseen consequences. There is urgent need for global oversight backed by local and EU powers and rights to ensure new communications tools are harnessed for good.
Clive Needle
Director, EuroHealthNet

Detail of Peace - Burial at Sea, 1842 Detail of Peace – Burial at Sea, 1842, on show at Tate Britain until 25 January 2015. Photograph: Tate

Wow, what a stunning Turner painting (Peace – Burial at Sea, 1842, illustrating Jonathan Jones’s review of Late Turner at Tate Britain, 9 September). Not a picture-postcard sailing ship but a proper industrial dirty-black-smoke sail/steam ship. It was painted at a time of great turbulence and poverty, which Turner’s patron George Wyndham and his associates did much to alleviate. What a shame their morality has not been handed down to present-day industrialists.

My namesake, Elizabeth Iliffe, Wyndham’s mistress and later wife, worked with Turner at Petworth House – a painter, she built a lab, made pigments, won a medal for designing a type of lever, and did horticultural experiments. Quite a good example of a scientist who remained anonymous because of her gender.
Cathryn Iliffe
Leeds

Scottish party leaders announce their backing for more powers for Scotland Scottish Conservative leader Ruth Davidson (front left), Scottish Labour leader Johann Lamont and Scottish Liberal Democrat leader Willie Rennie, announce their backing for more powers for Scotland. ‘English people should not support any further (expensive) devolution should Scots choose to stay.’ Photograph: Jeff J Mitchell/Getty

On Tuesday, Westminster politicians woke up to the fact that Scotland is very close to voting for independence. They are scrambling to throw together a plan promising new powers to the Scots to convince them to stay in the union (Brown to the rescue? No camp sends for ex-PM to save union, 9 September. Never mind that many of us have already cast our ballots in the post. And never mind that any plan so hurriedly thrown together will not fill many voters with confidence.

But supporters of the yes campaign would do well to acknowledge that the change they promise will not simply be delivered by a successful referendum. Any real change to how Scotland is governed will only be hard won, after difficult compromise and painful sacrifice. In this intense atmosphere, we might remember Barack Obama’s 2008 presidential election campaign, when he offered “Change you can believe in” to a country that desperately wanted it. Hindsight, however, has not been kind to this promise. Today, the approval ratings of the president are at dismal 41% – the lowest of any US president since the 1950s. The American political system is more ideologically divided than ever.

Yet we continue to imagine that someone else can make changes for us, while we carry on comfortably as always. Whatever the result of the referendum, once all of the emotional turmoil has settled, may all of us who long for real change across Scotland and the rest of the UK finally commit to getting down to work and trying to make that change happen.
Christopher Brittain
Aberdeen

• The issue of a timetable for further powers to the Scottish parliament is secondary. The primary concern is: “what powers?” There needs to be clarity on that before the referendum date. Otherwise the Scots are being offered the same pig in the same poke as in 1979. By 19 September, the three Westminster parties, whose recent record for probity is not to be relied on, will have no need to offer any more than the lowest common denominator at best. As a Scottish voter, why should I place any faith in their offering?
James Reid
Castle Douglas

• The polls suggest that the result of next Thursday’s referendum will leave approximately half of the population of Scotland profoundly unhappy. The polls also show that many people are still not clear about the relative merits of devo max and independence. In this context it doesn’t make any sense to have a single yes/no decision-making process. What is required is an opportunity to try one of the solutions, and then choose the other if the first proves to be unsatisfactory. Coupling a timetable for extensive devolution with an undertaking to hold a further referendum in (say) 10 years would offer this option.
Stephen Gardner
Manchester

• The coalition government failed to agree to bring in proportional representation for UK voters. Had it done so, Scots anywhere in the union could have voted SNP, indeed any UK voters could have voted SNP. This would have the effect of strengthening the influence at Westminster of Scotland and Scottish ideas about social and fiscal policy. That opportunity was lost but still could still offer a compromise, post-vote, that would enfranchise the Scottish diaspora and leaven the monotony of the first-past-the-post system. The current democratic deficit lies at the root of the Scottish yearning for a more equitable voting system, and explains the lamentable turnout at elections of the nation at large.
Craig Sams
Hastings, East Sussex

• How long has Westminster known about the Scottish referendum? How long has the Labour leadership been aware of the disastrous effect on the party that a yes vote will bring? How long has it taken for Ed Miliband to show himself in Scotland? We are now seeing the no strategy panic set in. I received an email yesterday from Labour asking for donations, or for volunteers to phone Scottish party members to ask them not to vote. Talk about too little, too late. Add to this Gordon Brown being asked to play Santa Claus to tempt the voters (with the very things they were asking for prior to any talk of a referendum), plus Ed Miliband’s apparent endorsement of guards strung along the Scottish border (nice one, Ed), and you have the perfect yes-voting storm.

As an expat Scot, I don’t relish the break up of the union, but if the country of my birth wants to beat a retreat from Westminster and from the Labour party’s apparent loss of memory regarding Scotland’s unswerving support of the Labour movement since its inception, then I can live with it.
Janet Fearnley
Farnham, Surrey

• Gordon Brown acknowledges (Report, 8 September) that it is proving “difficult” to win over Scots to stay in the UK because of anger at coalition policies on austerity and privatisation. Yet in the Better Together campaign Labour is in coalition with the coalition, giving credence to the very parties that are implementing austerity.

Even worse, should Labour win the general election in 2015 it too has committed to austerity policies to eliminate the budget deficit in the lifetime of one parliament, so twice as many cuts will take place in five years compared to the past five years. If the Scots don’t want to vote for austerity, why should any Briton vote for Labour and austerity in 2015?
Darrall Cozens
Coventry

• There is one thing Gordon Brown could do to show his support for devo max. He could pledge to stand for the Scottish parliament and offer himself as leader of Scottish Labour and possible first minister. That might just be too much of a two-edged sword.
Gerard McMullan
London

• A wonderfully insightful and splendidly unforgiving piece from Owen Jones (Whatever Scots decide the old order is dead and buried, 8 September). The simple truth is that there are only 5.3 million people living in Scotland and over 56 million living in England. Scotland has 59 MPs and England 533. Even allowing for Wales’s 40 and Northern Ireland’s 18, English interests outweigh the rest – as they have done for centuries. Domination may not be as savagely exercised as it once was, but it’s ever present.

So however much Cameron, Clegg, Darling et al prattle about a better together union of equals, population and parliamentary numbers indicate that if they triumph, Scotland will revert to being an afterthought. A yes vote make sense, as the imperative of shared interests will ensure independence brings a more effective alliance between the two nations than what is presently imposed by whoever is in power in Westminster. So other than those who can’t bear to let go of what they have long held, relentlessly exploited and taken for granted, we will all be winners.
Jim Gillan
Huddersfield, West Yorkshire

• I hope the Scots vote yes, because I fear the consequences for northern England should Scotland choose to stay in the union. Scotland already receives more public subsidy per head than its prosperity deserves. Promises (bribes) now being made by all major party leaders will have to be paid for. Is it likely that grandiose spending and capital schemes in the south-east, the nation’s so-called powerhouse, will be curtailed? No, the north, which contains many of the poorest areas in Britain, will pay the price.

I wish an independent Scotland every success in creating a fairer society, should it choose to go, but English people should not support any further (expensive) devolution should Scots choose to stay.
Mike Mosley
Norwich

• If bribery in the form of the belated offer of greater “devo max” doesn’t work let’s try blackmail. Shares set to slump on independence (Report, 8 September), homeowners at risk of a price crash, crisis worse than eurozone if Scotland votes yes. Some extracts from recent press. I hope my fellow Scots won’t let these shoddy tactics dissuade them from voting yes.
Dugald MacInnes
London

• Please do not separate Scotland from England. For us, Scotland and England are one. Both Scotland and England will suffer economically. When nations in Europe are banding together to make a bigger market, separation will reduce both economically and politically. Logistically there will be problems. It is a bit late don’t you think after 300 years? If you want to protect certain things you can negotiate for autonomy in certain areas. Don’t say yes to independence.
Dr S Sudarshan
Bangalore, India

Yes and no campaigners display their placards as Labour veteran takes to the streets of Glasgow in s Yes and no campaigners display their placards as Labour veteran takes to the streets of Glasgow in support of the no campaign. Photograph: Jeremy Sutton-Hibbert/Getty Images)

Many, like Sir John Major, are describing the union as “long-standing and successful”, with this is as one reason to maintain it. I am sure it is right to take a long view. That way, looking at Europe’s geopolitical map over centuries, a historian can see how much units of government have changed, as regions have come together and sometimes divided. The picture’s complex. I can’t think of a modern European state in which its “union” hasn’t involved issues regarding the “centre” and the “parts”. Is it surprising that in our time these issues are resurfacing? Should we not see the Scotland/UK agenda as a particular case of this?

There seems no reason for the United Kingdom to stay the same just because we may say it’s been successful, something founded, I think, largely on the shared opportunities and gains from empire through much of the time. But a larger view may also say that the way forward isn’t to break the multiple bonds established over time (I write as an English person who, like so many, is part Scot). It is to recognise on the one hand that there is a real and urgent need to change relationships within the UK, not just regarding Scotland; on the other hand that separation is not now a good way to go about it.

After a yes vote for independence, the issues of relationship will still be there – especially in the economic sphere. What our times need is recognition of interdependence, surely, and more mature exploration of how that is brought together with regard for the identity of peoples, places and interests within the larger frame. Don’t we need this larger view from our politicians? It’s about an endeavour based not on argument from the past but a positive view for people and states in changing times.
Rev Dr Brian Curnew
London

• As a new Scottish Enlightenment brings the mythology surrounding Britain and its empire crashing down around the feet of the Tories, let us remember that the local name for the despised British in colonial north America was Tory. If we add the words penned by Thomas Jefferson in the opening paragraph of the US Declaration of Independence in 1776, there is every reason to believe the same act of self-determination will liberate the real potential of Scotland: “When in the course of human events it becomes necessary for one people to dissolve the political bands which have connected them with another and to assume among the powers of the earth the separate and equal station.”
Miles Secker
Heckington, Lincolnshire

• People living in Scotland (of whom almost 10% were born in England) have followed the debates and discussions for months now and know that no concept of rejecting Britishness has ever entered into their thoughts. However, for people to be able to elect their own government and prosper as their Scandinavian neighbours do with a fairer distribution of wealth does involve rejection of an outdated British political model. People in Newcastle and Manchester know this but sadly they don’t have Scotland’s opportunities – as yet.
Stuart Campbell
Lockerbie, Dumfries and Galloway

• I am a naturalised Briton who has travelled widely and frequently in Scotland. I have always regarded Scotland as a separate nation and am surprised that its independence was not confirmed decades ago. So far as I can see, the principal argument employed by the no camp in England is that a yes vote would bring adverse results for England and the English. This is an argument which Scots can be excused for finding less than compelling. I have often been told by friends that I may be British but (they are relieved to say) I can never be English. I rather look forward to proving them wrong.
David Rubinstein
York

• I have lived in England for years, but was brought up and educated in Scotland, support the Scottish national football team and still have a Scottish accent. I consider myself to be Scottish.

However, unlike unlike many expat Scots who presumably could, if they wished, claim Scottish nationality based on birth, I was born in England. I still have family in Scotland: my English-born parents have lived there since they first moved north in 1963 with a very young family, and could presumably claim nationality through residency. I have a sibling who will be able to claim Scottish nationality by birth. I know my circumstances don’t apply to many people but those of us who are affected will effectively be stripped of what we believed to be our nationality if Scotland votes yes. I like being Scottish and British. After next Thursday I may well loose the former.
Mark Jackson
Harrow, Middlesex

• A BBC report stated there are some 750.000 Scottish-born people living south of the border. This is more than the population of Edinburgh or Glasgow. We hear about numerous surveys being conducted. Has anybody bothered to ask these Scots their opinions concerning the upcoming vote on independence? What about their heritage?
Justin Brown
Sherborne, Dorset

• It’s absurd to suggest that people living outside Scotland should have a vote in the referendum. If you had once lived in, say, Macclesfield, and later moved to, say, Mitcham, would you feel entitled to vote in Macclesfield elections?
Douglas Graham
Hamilton, South Lanarkshire

• I was born in England but, during the war, I served in a Scottish regiiment for over four years. If Scotland gains independence, will I be able to claim dual nationality. What would be the advantages? And the cost?
Ron Cox
Croydon

• With the momentum now swinging in favour of the yes campaign, there must be a duty on the prime minster and his colleagues to seek agreement on the make-up of the new union flag as the saltire is removed on independence. This is not a flippant comment. Many Commonwealth countries and dependences have the present union flag as part of their own. Surely there is a duty also to discuss with them the future design of the new union flag?
Colin Cameron
Irvine, Ayrshire

• Just to reassure Charlie Brooker (G2, 9 September) and anybody else who is worried about it: the union flag will remain the same even if Scotland chooses independence. It dates from the reign of James VI of Scotland/James I of England, over a century before the 1707 parliamentary union, and ingeniously represents separate countries sharing the same monarch. The flag will only have to be changed if Scotland makes the mistake of becoming a republic, in which case they will also have to elect dreary bourgeois presidents instead of enjoying our glamorous royal family.
Ralph Lloyd-Jones
Nottingham

Independent:

Rosie Millard is rightly concerned about the electoral implications of the proposed “mansion tax” in London and the South-east (8 September). It would create an arbitrary threshold at which yet another tax, just like that on inheritances, is suddenly imposed at a high rate.

Instead, we need a complete revamp of the existing system of council tax, under which the owner of a £100m mansion in London currently pays only twice as much as the tenant of a flat in Middlesbrough.

Rather than clumsy “bands”, why not follow Sweden, which has a flat-rate annual tax of around 0.7% of each property’s value? Soaring property prices work against tenants and favour owners. This suggests that council tax should be paid by landlords.

It is contradictory for homes to be subjected to council tax by local authorities, while central government exempts principal private residences from unlimited amounts of capital gains tax. Why does the government use such reliefs to encourage people to put their money into ever-more lavish homes when they would surely be much better encouraged to invest in initiatives which create jobs and enhance the environment?

Aidan Harrison 

Rothbury, Northumberland

 

I find it difficult to believe that the taxpayers of London are quite as selfish as Rosie Millard asserts. Surely those who, through no effort or skill of their own, have accumulated property worth 10 times the average UK house price would have no objection to making more contribution to the exchequer than the current absurdly generous council tax allows? In a time when homelessness is widespread, surely exceptionally fortunate Londoners are more public-spirited than that?

Michael Godwin

Bath

The real case against the so-called mansion tax is that any change in the taxation of private houses should be to update the council tax.

At present council tax is levied on houses being placed in one of a number of bands but the highest is £350,000 and over. The bands were calculated in 1991. This is equivalent to about £850,000 today. So the owner of a house valued at £900,000 pays the same tax as a Russian billionaire owning a mega-mansion costing £60m or more.

Not even the most bare-faced plutocrat can claim this is fair. What is obviously needed is to introduce more bands above the present top one. The popular myth that this will automatically lead to higher council tax for everybody needs to be exploded.

Because governments of all parties tend to put a cap on local authorities’ spending, they would not be able to increase it. The income would however be differently raised. A larger share would come from more put into the new band (which would need only a revaluation of those now in band H – less than 3.5 per cent of the country’s 28m houses).

In fact everybody now in bands A to G would enjoy a reduction in their council-tax bill – surely an attraction to the politicians?

Harvey Cole

Winchester, Hampshire

 

Scots vote may be a boon for democracy

This referendum has been the greatest driver for many years in getting citizens actively involved in the political process and enabling them to express what kind of values they want politics to represent. It has also revealed the strength of feeling of many in England, too, that their interests are disregarded  in Westminster.

When the dust settles, there may well be a greater debate about how we can make Westminster more accountable to, and representative of, the wider population. For the first time in many years the political establishment may be sufficiently shaken out of its self-serving torpor to actually look beyond the Westminster bubble and listen to the voices they’ve been able to ignore for so long. We may all gain yet, regardless of what happens on 18 September.

Steve Porter

Reading

By the time the consequences of destroying one of the oldest and most successful political unions become clear I suspect Alex Salmond will be long gone to the lucrative lecture circuit.

Having bet the future of the UK on the voting whims of some thrawn Celts, David Cameron will also be gone, as will Ed Miliband for losing control of Scottish Labour supporters. Their successors, put in place by a now furious English electorate, will be in no mood to do us any favours and we are likely to end up in the enervating embrace of the IMF.

Too late we will realise we have voted for an impoverished statelet facing public-service cuts, endemic unemployment, raised taxes and the flight of both youth and capital.

Dr John Cameron

St Andrews

Yes, the Scots will go, and beyond doubt, the major responsibility lies with the governing elite. The Scots are inclined to be socialist in attitude, closer to the egalitarian and republican outlook characteristic of Europe than to the hideously class-riven society that exists south of the border.

Like the rest of us, they have suffered from the unrestrained capitalism of the past 30 years which has left ordinary people paying ever-increasing bills to private companies for the ordinary services of life.

By voting Yes they will free themselves of the cabal of public-school spivs that governs these islands. God help the rest of us.

Keith Purbrick

Canterbury, Kent

It now looks as though neither side can win a convincing victory in the Scottish independence referendum. What this illustrates is the gross inadequacy of our form of democracy. It is quite understandable that the Scottish electorate feels unrepresented by the “Coalition” – in fact essentially Tory – Government, because so do millions of the rest of us. It is surely time to end the system by which a party with a third of the popular vote feels empowered to inflict its nutty agenda on the rest of us, for example in education, the NHS and the bedroom tax.

The Scots are in a unique position to deliver bloody noses to these vain, strutting peacocks. There can be little doubt that the loss of Scotland to the UK would be remembered as the only lasting legacy of the “Coalition”.

Gavin P Vinson

London N10

We need each other within the UK and are stronger for it – on defence, trade and multinational organisations. Divided we would lose our voice on the UN Security Council – perhaps to India, Brazil or South Africa – and Nato could no longer rely upon a common UK foreign-policy position.

Meanwhile, across Europe independence movements and Russian geopolitical strategists take heart at the success of the Yes campaign. As Russia sows the seeds of division and chaos by encouraging separatist groups, it knows Britain will be weaker if divided from within.

The idea of a divorce between countries with a shared history of culture, language and religion sends shivers down the spines of those who champion harmony across Europe. Alarm bells are ringing at the prospect of Scottish independence heralding the atomisation of Europe.

The future is uncertain and potentially dangerous so the question of whether we face it together or apart extends beyond the shores of Britain to a Europe whose security has been built upon unity.

Geraint Davies MP (Swansea West) & Member of the Council for Europe

London SW1

The sight of all three Westminster party leaders arriving in Scotland in a blind panic is reminiscent of a group of leaders from a totalitarian state attempting to stop one of its outlying regions from breaking away.

Surely if the Scottish economy were such a liability they would be happy to see it go? Why, then, do they constantly talk it down and suggest that an independent Scotland would be bound to fail?

Dr Dominic Horne

University of Worcester

 

If the Yes vote wins, will it be written, correctly, that Scotland was lost on the playing fields of Eton.

Malcolm Calvert

Anglesey, North Wales

 

University educated, but unemployable

The OECD’s report on numeracy and literacy levels in the UK reveals a worrying gap between skills and qualifications (report, 10 September). To counteract this, school-leavers need to think carefully about whether the degrees they are about to start will enable them to get the skills businesses actually need.

Employers tell us that apprentices are often better placed to meet the needs of business than those with other qualifications. Young people who enter into apprenticeship programmes benefit by gaining technical qualifications while learning the skills necessary to succeed at work. However, they are often unaware that these options exist.

Recent YouGov research reveals that nearly two-thirds of 18-24-year-olds have not had advice at secondary school or college on paid apprenticeships.

Jackie Bedford, Chief Executive, Step Ahead

London EC1

I was interested to see your article (10 September) headed “University education boom fails to improve numeracy and literacy”. This would seem to be borne out by your health briefing, two pages earlier: “2bn: number of Britons who will suffer from Alzheimer’s by 2050”.

Roger Smith

Ipswich

Times:

The Scottish referendum debate hinges on economics — or at least, it should

Sir, The discussion in Scotland in many ways mirrors the the UK debate about membership of the EU. In both cases there is a desire for political independence and the removal of central interference, but also support for economic unity in trade and industry to promote growth and prosperity. Total independence creates one but damages the other.

The voice of the business community in Scotland has been largely silent. Business organisations have been forced to take a strictly neutral stance, but for any business that trades across the border (ours has 98 per cent of its customers in the rest of the UK) the choice is clear. Economic separation would create barriers, physical, emotional and financial, that would seriously damage business relationships with our customers. The uncertainty of independence would last for many years. This uncertainty would lead to capital withdrawal, reduced investment, higher costs and in some cases relocation of businesses to England.

Alex Salmond is an astute politician and he knows this. He is desperate to keep the pound and intriguingly wants to remain in the EU, where his desire for economic unity overcomes his aversion to political interference, probably because Brussels is more remote than Westminster.

The debate should not be a Scotland-England rugby match, with rival supporters jeering and singing songs. We deserve better, and that is political freedom with economic unity. This is devolution and Scots will get more of it by voting “no”.

Philip G Blake

Munro Sawmills, Dingwall, Highland

Sir, Like Alan Templeton (letter, Sept 11) I am also one who was born in Scotland and left over 30 years ago to work in England. Mr Templeton regrets Scotland’s move to the left but believes that its resultant alienation from Westminster provides adequate reason for Scotland to vote “yes”. If he truly despairs of what has happened since he left Scotland, he should not advocate separation as that would only further the alienation that he decries. If Scotland is to move towards a more centrist attitude then it will only do so under the friendly companionship and influence of the English, Irish and Welsh within a United Kingdom.

RA Connell

Guildford, Surrey

Sir, Perhaps English politicians should remind Scottish voters of the Darién Disaster of the 1690s, when the Kingdom of Scotland, in an attempt to break free of what it perceived as English hegemony, bankrupted itself in an attempt to become a world trading nation by establishing a colony called “Caledonia” on the Isthmus of Panama on the Gulf of Darién.

Scotland’s nobles were almost bankrupted by the Darién fiasco. Fortunately for Scotland, the newly formed Bank of England was able to bail Scotland out, effectively acting as lender of last resort.

Peter Forrest

London N6

Sir, Bravo for an excellent leader (“Cliff Edge”, Sept 10). For Scotland faces waking up on September 19 without any feasible currency if the “yes” vote wins. The confidence vacuum created by this kind of ruinous uncertainty will almost certainly mean a run on bank deposits, a flight of capital from investors in Scottish business, and further pledges by businesses to relocate out of Scotland. Because of a lack of viable currency options, an independent Scotland would quickly become a great deal poorer.

The argument for an independent Scotland is lost already on the currency issue alone.

Elizabeth Oakley Dursley, Glos

Sir, Predictions about the nature of an independent Scotland overlook the dynamics of negotiations that would follow a “yes” vote.
England would be desperate to agree a secure new treaty to help to restore its international reputation, and would undermine its own moral authority and influence if it failed to help the new nation to establish itself successfully.

Bob Edmands

Chelmsford, Essex

Sir, Comments have been made about Trident and the RAF in Scotland, but what will happen to the Royal Regiment of Scotland, and its affiliated battalions such as the Black Watch and the Argyll and Sutherland Highlanders, to name just two? I was privileged to serve with the Black Watch in Korea as part of the Commonwealth Division, and I cannot imagine it not being part of the British Army.

Lt-Col David Lloyd

Middleton-on-Sea, W Sussex

Sir, Surely the best way to let the Scots know that we want them to stay is not to pontificate further but to conduct opinion polls throughout England, Wales and Northern Ireland, and publish the results.

Simon Downer

Hungerford, Berks

Sir, Liechtenstein has been in a customs and monetary union with Switzerland since the 1920s, and the Swiss Franc has been used as Liechtenstein’s currency since then. Liechtenstein is even permitted, on a limited basis, to mint commemorative Swiss Franc denominated coins with a Liechtenstein inscription.

It all seems to work quite well.

Doug Dean

Hergiswil, Switzerland

Sir, Many years ago, I asked my 84-year-old great aunt, an ardent Scot, if she supported the Scottish National Party and Winnie Ewing. The canny Scot in her came to the fore and she replied: “Oh no! I will go down for my pension and there will be nothing in the kitty.”

Rosalind Sherwood

Aldershot, Hants

Sir, When David Cameron began his speech in Scotland he said that his eight-year-old son had come into the bathroom to ask whether he could have a day off from school because his father was not attending parliament and would not be present at Question Time.
I wonder, on his return to London, whether his son asked him what the words “effing Tories” meant. Perhaps the prime minister is trying to reassure Scottish voters that the spirit of Rab C Nesbitt lives on south of the border.

Sidney Hauswirth

London NW8

Why do planning departments persist in demanding that a house is built of brick to ‘fit in with the neighbours’?

Sir, You highlight (Business, Sept 11) the current shortage of bricklayers. As an architect I have often advised clients that their new house or extension could be designed to avoid the extra costs of labour and materials that are in short supply, and generally they have been keen to accept this idea. Unfortunately many planning departments are oblivious of the pressures on the building industry and insist that a house is built of brick to “fit in with the neighbours”.

This attitude is no longer fit for purpose and I am increasingly taking the view that local planning departments are the greatest obstacle to increasing the supply of housing.

John T Pounder

London SE5

Humans, rather than badgers, are responsible for the disappearance of hedgehogs in Britain

Sir, Clive Aslet (Sept 9) implies that the decline of hedgehogs has been caused by badgers. In fact hedgehogs are disappearing mainly because of man. Modern landscaping and concreting over gardens, slug pellets, pesticides, solid fences, bonfires, modern farming methods and road kill are to blame. Unless we start taking responsibility for this, our hedgehogs could be heading for extinction.

Valerie Russell

Tonbridge, Kent

Sir, Further to Dr Sir Christopher Lever’s letter (Sept 10), baby birds in the nest and immature fledglings are no match for magpies and sparrowhawks. These are their main supply of food, not the speedier, lighter parent birds.

Sally Blundell

Martley, Worcs

Why do planning departments persist in demanding that a house is built of brick to ‘fit in with the neighbours’?

Sir, You highlight (Business, Sept 11) the current shortage of bricklayers. As an architect I have often advised clients that their new house or extension could be designed to avoid the extra costs of labour and materials that are in short supply, and generally they have been keen to accept this idea. Unfortunately many planning departments are oblivious of the pressures on the building industry and insist that a house is built of brick to “fit in with the neighbours”.

This attitude is no longer fit for purpose and I am increasingly taking the view that local planning departments are the greatest obstacle to increasing the supply of housing.

John T Pounder

London SE5

What on earth does the Imperial War Museum mean by saying its exhibits ‘speak to each other’?

Sir, Janice Turner (Sept 11) is right about the labelling at the Imperial War Museum. My son, aged 12, is a history fanatic and badgered me for months to go there. To find that we had to skulk around to find out what everything was, in a very crowded museum, was very frustrating.

To now learn that the exhibits “speak to each other” makes me wonder what language they were speaking in. Has the written word gone the same way as the typewriter ?

Brian Kettell

Sharjah, United Arab Emirates

It is not just overweight people who can feel discriminated against — virtual strangers comment on my build

Sir, I do not doubt that overweight people feel discriminated against (Sept 11). I would never make a hurtful comment to somebody about their size but find it odd that people seem to think it is acceptable to comment to my face on my very slim build by calling me “skinny” or “anorexic”.

Slim Jims also have feelings.

Catrin Board

Shorne, Kent

014

The reports from the Times Archive reveal that ‘there was no William Howard Russell of the Great War’

Sir, Nothing could illustrate more clearly the paucity of news from the front during one of the largest battles in human history — the Battle of the Marne — than the extract on needle-work from the Times Archive (Sept 9). And yet only days before, in the Amiens Dispatch (Aug 29), Times readers had learnt of the “broken bits of many regiments” reeling back in the retreat.

There was no William Howard Russell of the First World War.

Antony Bird

Chichester

Telegraph:

SIR – If voters on the Scottish electoral register do choose independence, who decides who gets a Scottish passport?

Andrew Doubt
Leicester

SIR – John Taylor (Letters, September 9) is absolutely correct. I am English and British, in whichever order you like, and the reason I live in Scotland is that it now appears that I have spent more than 30 years helping to extract “Scotland’s oil” from the North Sea. The fact that I am allowed to vote in the referendum is not of my choosing, but I am happy to put my “No” on the ballot form.

Alex Salmond says that a Yes vote in the referendum will make me Scottish; this I totally deny. As far as I am concerned, any attempt to do so will breach my human rights and will be fought tooth and nail.

Capt Gerry Harcombe
Banchory, Kincardineshire

SIR – As one who was based in Scotland during the unceasing efforts to counter the Soviet threat in the North Atlantic and Arctic oceans during the Cold War, any prospect of the northern defences of this island coming under the direction of pacifist Scottish Nationalist policy-makers fills me with dread. This is especially so now that the Russian bear is again unsheathing its claws.

Sqn Ldr Seamus Hamill-Keays RAF (retd)
Llansantffraed, Breconshire

SIR – The SNP has said that an independent Scotland would open 100 embassies. This is more than Ireland at the top of the boom years.

Can Mr Salmond tell us the cost of this diplomatic network, and that of establishing a Scottish foreign office? Can we have an assurance that the embassies will not be rewards for party support, as in America?

Leigh Hatts
London SE1

SIR – When Scottish Nationalists divorce, do they retain their joint bank accounts?

Dr Andy Ashworth
Bo’ness, West Lothian

SIR – It’s said that Italy is refusing to deal with migrants, merely waving them through towards Britain (Letters, September 9). If Scotland separates, can we pass them on to Mr Salmond, who promises even more generous welfare?

Cynthia Harrod-Eagles
Northwood, Middlesex

SIR – What will Nigel Farage call his party if there is no United Kingdom?

Ian Smee
Sutton Mandeville, Wiltshire

SIR – What a racist debasement of the struggle for the liberation of black people in South Africa for Alex Salmond to cite it in support of a Yes vote. There is no apartheid in Scotland.

My wife and I were political prisoners in South Africa (1964-67). Where are Scotland’s political prisoners, or its banned people (such as we both were), or its pass laws, its residential segregation, its separate public facilities, its death penalty, its exclusion of the majority from the vote?

Would you buy a used car from this snake-oil salesman?

Paul Trewhela
Aylesbury, Buckinghamshire

SIR – If the vote is Yes, there will follow a 16‑month period during which negotiations will take place between the Scots and Westminster to agree the fine print.

If, as we are being warned, the general election in 2015 results in a Labour victory, there will be the Gilbertian situation of a Labour prime minister, possibly Ed Miliband, negotiating the demise of the Labour Party as an electable party for any foreseeable future government of the less-United Kingdom.

Michael Sydney
South Godstone, Surrey

SIR – David Cameron should resign for allowing this to happen. Flying the Saltire over Downing Street was an utter disgrace – a surrender of belief in the Union flag and all that it stands for at a crucial time for deciding the whole country’s future.

Johan Van Dijk
Oxhill, Warwickshire

SIR – The definition of a referendum is “a general vote by the electorate on a single political question which has been referred to them for a direct decision”.

Given the Scottish National Party’s landslide victory in the 2011 Scottish parliamentary election, albeit on a 50 per cent turnout, a referendum on independence became a democratic inevitability, and Mr Cameron was right to insist on a straightforward Yes or No question.

The outcome was always likely to be close either way, decided, as so often in plebiscites, by gut instinct and emotional appeal, not by economic considerations or statistical certainties. As Martin Luther King said, “There comes a time when one must take a position that is neither safe, nor politic, nor popular, but he must take it because conscience tells him it is right.”

Those now queueing up to criticise Mr Cameron for taking the risk of becoming “the prime minister who lost Scotland” are largely the same people who have campaigned for years for a referendum on Britain’s membership of the EU – which, if it takes place, will be similarly divisive and unpredictable in outcome.

Philip Duly
Haslemere, Surrey

SIR – I agree with your leading article (September 10): “Let the whole country have a say on… the way the UK is structured”, in respect of Scotland.

As I said in the House of Commons on June 3 1997: “Referendums should not be confined to Scotland and Wales; they should encompass the United Kingdom as a whole…The electors of my constituency and all those of the United Kingdom, including those of England and Northern Ireland, are involved.”

Professors Philip Cowley and Mark Stuart noted in 2003 that the “largest rebellion” of Conservative backbenchers in the 1997-2001 Parliament was on my amendment that day to the Referendums (Scotland and Wales) Bill.

This sought to have the referendum “encompass the whole of the United Kingdom rather than merely those resident in Scotland”. Eighty-two Conservative backbenchers, a full half of the parliamentary party, backed my amendment, against the Whip.

Sir William Cash MP (Con)
London SW1

SIR – The Scots have a UK independence referendum before negotiations. The British are offered an EU independence referendum after negotiations. Both from Mr Cameron. Why?

Trefor Jones
Little Somerford, Wiltshire

SIR – It is not for economic, defence or political reasons that most of us pray for a No vote; it is because we do not see Scotland as separate or alien, we see it and the proud people who live north of the border as part of us.

The majority of Britons, like my family, have ancestors from all over these islands, and we feel proud of the whole, as well as of our part.

Maybe we have not been as clear and as vocal as the Yes campaign, feeling we should not intrude in what has been seen as Scotland’s concern. Perhaps there are those, like me, who feel not a little slighted by what has seemed in Scotland a real dislike of the rest of the United Kingdom, and particularly of all things English.

The rest of us need to shout loud and passionately that we value our brothers and sisters in Scotland, and put to rest the Salmond spin and promises of greener grass beyond an independence vote.

All this said, United Kingdom politicians should not be making promises of almost complete home rule, which, after the vote, can only breed discontent with what the UK does within Scotland at national and international level.

Michael McGarry
Heighington, Co Durham

SIR – For 300 years the United Kingdom punched above its weight economically, diplomatically and militarily, leading to the greatest empire the world has ever known. Even now, we retain an influence remarkable for a relatively small country.

The Scots would be foolish indeed to throw all that away.

Christopher Piggins
Landford Wood, Wiltshire

SIR – Boris Johnson wrote that he is appalled by the complacency and apathy of his non-political friends.

He should instead be appalled by the complacency of his political friends, who have allowed this decision to be made with no advance precision on the terms of the divorce. We read yesterday that in 2012, David Cameron told the BBC’s Andrew Marr that clarity over independence was needed. Instead, we are now paying the price for the uncertainty over what separation actually means.

David Mannering
Langley Burrell, Wiltshire

SIR – This weekend the people of England, Wales and Northern Ireland must demonstrate our high regard for our fellow citizens in Scotland, or they will leave our country. I suggest we all meet in Trafalgar Square on Sunday, and in the city centres of Birmingham, Cardiff, Belfast, Manchester and Newcastle.

In the meantime let us email, text or write to those who have a vote, asking them to stay with us. The politicians have failed to win the argument, so it’s time for us all to tell Scots we are better together.

Tim Devlin
London EC4

SIR – If I were a Scot, a visit from three no-hoper English politicians such as Messrs Cameron, Clegg and Miliband would drive me into the Yes camp immediately.

Dr Terry Langford
Milford-on-Sea, Hampshire

SIR – The arrogance of David Cameron, Nick Clegg and Ed Miliband to say, with no vote taken, that the choice is now between independence and “devo-max” is breathtaking.

Given that many people have already cast their postal vote on the simple Yes/No question, they have undemocratically ridden roughshod over years of debate when they specifically refused to allow the devo-max option to be on the ballot paper.

Alistair Muir
Glasgow

SIR – Some years ago I purchased my pension through an insurance company in Scotland. If the result is Yes, will I be paid in Monopoly money?

Jo Powell
Wolverhampton

SIR – As an English citizen, I may not have a vote on Scottish independence or indeed on whether we should share the pound with a foreign country, but I can make my opinion known. I have today transferred my pension and share investments into the hands of a company based in England.

Glyn Hawkins
Tredington, Warwickshire

Irish Times:

Sir, – A Yes vote in Scotland would be a disaster for England and Wales. It would condemn them to permanent Tory rule. Does Alex Salmond want that? – Yours, etc,

TERENCE ORR,

Rowan Hamilton Court,

Cabra,

Dublin 7.

Sir, – With independence for Scotland becoming a very real possibility, would it be an appropriate time to suggest a radical new proposal for the governance of the western flank of these islands? It is a proposal that, if endorsed by the governments of the Republic of Ireland, Northern Ireland and Scotland, might finally bring about the true reconciliation of the political, religious, cultural and industrial traditions of our 12 million people. The proposal for the setting up a confederation (or even a more formal federation) of the three political entities is not rooted in some misty-eyed dream of a “Celtic” counterbalance to the political dominance of England within what was, in former times, the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland but is a practical suggestion on how best to secure long-term peace and prosperity on the northwestern fringe of the European Union in a post-independence scenario.

Such a confederation would have a quarter of the population of these islands and would make up some half of its land mass.

From an economic standpoint, a union of three states with a combined population of some 12 million people would have considerable clout. The current situation where the three governments compete with each other for foreign investment is, self-evidently, in no one country’s best interests. Furthermore, the recent travails Ireland has endured demonstrate all too clearly the fragility of the economic independence of small nations (albeit badly managed ones) where they find themselves at the mercy of troikas that are far more concerned with the stability of the big economic powerhouses in Europe and further afield than with effecting a swift recovery in the countries they are charged to “help”.

Working together, a union of the three states could, in time, become an economic powerhouse in its own right. This is not fanciful. The region has vast natural resources in oil, wind and wave power and it has highly fertile lands and seas that have already spawned a world-class food-based economy.

All three existing states have also been highly successful in attracting some of the world’s leading companies in information technology and pharmaceuticals, in particular – and given that our populations are already among the best educated in the world, the potential for future success is boundless.

Equally, if not more, compelling in making the case for a future union is the quest for a resolution to our political arrangements. The current arrangement on the island of Ireland, while it has produced a very welcome period of comparative peace, continues to leave all traditions on the island with something less than an ideal outcome. Nationalists and republicans still cling to the ideal of a future union of north and south, while unionists of all hues find themselves uneasy about the future of the existing British union in a state where the demographics are against them and the greatest threat to that union comes not from the nationalists within but from those a short distance away across the north channel. That those who now most threaten the union are, for the most part, their own kith and kin can only add to the sense of unease. The confederation of three states proposed would provide “the best of all worlds” for all the traditions in both Ireland and Scotland. – Yours, etc,

MICHAEL SEXTON,

Shanakiel,

Cork.

Sir, – I am amazed that the people in Scotland do not realise how fortunate they are. We in Ireland achieved independence at a very high price – the wasteful and tragic shedding of blood. On referendum day every Scot can win independence at the stroke of a pen. – Yours, etc,

J ANTHONY GAUGHAN,

Newtownpark Avenue,

Blackrock,

Co Dublin.

Sir, – Your editorial “Scotland’s moment” was invigorating (September 9th). You state correctly that “independence can indeed be good for Scotland”. The referendum campaign has reawakened an interest in real politics and democracy in Scotland, and London has been caught sadly napping.

The Act of Union of 1707 has failed, as has been evident since the Depression in the 1930s in which Scotland, so dependent upon the great industries of the 19th century, suffered severely. It was only a matter of time before the Scots acquired a huge desire for independence and separateness from the English. – Yours, etc,

PATRICK O’BYRNE,

Shandon Crescent,

Phibsborough,

Dublin 7.

Sir, – As in so many similar instances, the most preferred option of the Scottish people (“devo-max”) is not on the ballot paper. It is now being offered by the leaders of the three main Westminster parties in a frantic attempt to arrest the drift towards a Yes result.

The referendum and its underlying logic of the majority vote are well past their sell-by date as a means to establish the will of the people. As a method of national self-determination it is deeply flawed and even dangerous.

If, as now seems inevitable, Scotland “decides” by a slender margin, how can this be seen as a democratic mandate for either change or status quo when so many are clearly of another opinion?

All that is confirmed is that the debate is complex, multifaceted and unresolved. At worst it is a mechanism for conflict generation and ensures no collective agreement.

Complex questions abound and they deserve to be addressed and, if possible, resolved through methods that allow for such complexity, include minority perspectives, and that do not silence dissent.

The referendum is a crude, capricious cudgel incapable of reflecting the complexities of modern life and politics. There are other options. – Yours, etc,

PHILIP KEARNEY,

Richmond Road,

Dublin 3.

Sir, – Differences in drug prices between here and Northern Ireland are as nothing when compared with those in the US. Last February, while I was swimming in Florida, a jackdaw stole my little bottle of glyceryl nitrate from my beach towel, first flinging aside the cap I had used to keep it out of the sun. It’s an over the counter medicine for “acute heart embarrassment”; here it costs around €16. In the UK, £6. In America, the identical little bottle is $196, “but only $160 if you have insurance, sir”! I nearly had a heart attack, but I waited to replace the bottle until we came back to this land of “socialised” medicine. – Yours, etc,

M ROSS-MacDONALD

Crinkill,

Birr, Co Offaly.

Sir, – The General Instruction of the Roman Missal was issued by Rome in 2002 in Latin, and published in English by the conference of Irish Catholic Bishops in 2005. It would appear to be yet another of the Catholic Church’s well-kept secrets. In the nine years since it was published, I have heard only one person mention it in the context of a talk on the liturgy and that person was not a priest.

Paragraph 382 reads: “At the funeral Mass there should, as a rule, be a short homily, but never a eulogy of any kind”.

The dictionary definition of eulogy is “A speech or writing in praise of a person”. There is a time and place for a member of the family of the deceased to saw “a few words” either before the start of the requiem Mass or immediately after the end of Mass and before the Rite of Final Commendation or farewell.

In his memoirs, Pope Benedict wrote: “I am convinced that the crisis in the Church that we are experiencing today is, to a large extend, due to the disintegration of the liturgy”. It is hardly surprising that when the Archbishop of Dublin visits his parishes, he brings his own master of ceremonies with him.

When proper protocol in the sanctuary goes, belief in the supernatural goes. – Yours, etc,

GERRY GLENNON,

Auburn Road,

Dún Laoghaire, Co Dublin.

Sir, – The discovery of the wreck of one of the two ships belonging to the ill-fated Franklin expedition, lost in the Arctic in 1846, is great news (“Canadians find wreckage from 1845 Arctic expedition”, September 9th).

It is especially pleasing to John Murray, of Crossing the Line Films, and myself, who were the Irish members of the Irish/Canadian search expedition which spent the summers of 2002 and 2003 in the same area searching for the two lost ships, Terror and Erebus.

Dave Woodman, our expedition leader, had identified the most likely search area. In the early summer, before the ice had melted, we painstakingly criss-crossed the area on a sled with a magnetometer attached. Our search was not successful but it was gratifying to see similar technology was employed by the Canadians on their search and that the ship was found only a short distance west of our search area.

Our expedition was poorly resourced compared to that of the Canadian navy, which mounted six major searches since 2008, leading to the solving of part of one of the great mysteries of exploration. I hope this discovery will help lead to the finding of the sister vessel and shed some further light on the fate of the crew. – Yours, etc,

KEVIN CRONIN

Grange Park,

Foxrock, Dublin 18.

Sir, – Well done, Mary Feely (Prospect of water charges leaving me high and dry”, Opinion & Analysis, September 10th). I feel good when somebody puts forward my case.

We wait for our water bill and the next election with unequal fervour. An average bill has been suggested. Is there a maximum bill? A burst pipe while you are away for the weekend might leave you with soggy carpets but I’m sure Irish Water will be very sympathetic That’s what scares me. Roll on election time. – Yours, etc,

LIAM CONNORS,

Knockaire,

Knocklyon, Dublin 16.

Sir, – The chief executive of Today FM Tom McPartlin (September 10th) takes Una Mullally to task over her article “Women need to raise the volume on radio exclusion”, Opinion & Analysis, September 8th). In doing so he also took a swipe at the dominance of males in the bylined articles in your newspaper. This lack of balance is a problem that print media, radio and television need to address.

However surveys conducted in 2010, 2012 and 2013 show that the Last Word (Today FM) scored lowest when compared with similar programmes on other stations, scoring 14 per cent, 16 per cent and 19 per cent for female participation across the three surveys.

Long may Una continue to write about the lack of female voices on air. – Yours, etc,

LUCY KEAVENEY,

Killester,

Ratoath, Co Meath.

Sir, – I fully agree with Alan Fairbrother (September 6th) on the question of our dropping the Irish “mam” or “ma” in favour of first the Anglo “mum” and now the American “mom”.

I suppose it has to do with our obsession with sounding posh, and fear of, God forbid, sounding Irish ! – Yours, etc,

RAYMOND KENNEDY,

Grange Park Avenue,

Raheny,

Dublin 5.

Fri, Sep 12, 2014, 01:08

First published: Fri, Sep 12, 2014, 01:08

Sir, – I heard the Minister for Education asking Junior Cert students to “celebrate responsibly”. It is unfortunate that we are not able to speak plainly in Ireland when it comes to alcohol and this indicates our failure to tackle the problem of excessive drinking.

It would be much better if the Minister had advised the students not to take alcohol as part of the celebrations.

Furthermore I presume that almost all Junior Cert students are under 18, which is the legal age the purchase of intoxicating liquor.

The defeatist attitude that says “they will get the drink anyway” represents a culture of neglect which the employment of more social workers will not address. – Yours, etc,

MARGARET LEE,

Ahane,

A chara, – There has been a recent spate of letters to your paper complaining about “unelected representatives” making decisions that affect urban and rural centres, most notably the Poolbeg incinerator. I, for one, am thankful that important decisions are taken out of the hands of part-time politicians with unproven qualifications in whichever respective arena they are commenting on, playing party politics with important decisions that will affect citizens now and in the future. – Is mise,

GARETH T CLIFFORD,

Priory Grove,

Stillorgan,

Co Dublin.

Sir, – Far be it from me to defend a Fianna Fáil minister but my good friend Cllr Victor Boyhan (September 11th) is really blaming the wrong man. It was Martin Cullen who transferred responsibility for waste policy to county managers not Noel Dempsey. While Mr Cullen and Phil Hogan would be close contestants in a “worst minister for the environment and local government ever competition”, Mr Dempsey, along with Brendan Howlin and John Gormley, actually tried to bring in real reforms. The only common denominators were the permanent senior officials in the Department of the Environment, Heritage and Local Government.

I hope the new Minister will be the first in a long time to stand up and remind them that they are there to serve the people and not perpetuate the power of the Irish “Sir Humphreys”. – Yours, etc,

Cllr DERMOT LACEY,

Beech Hill Drive,

Donnybrook,

Dublin 4.

Sir, – When Jean-Claude Juncker unveiled his team of commissioners on Wednesday, he did so on a set which had as its backdrop the words “The Juncker Commission” obtrusively displayed. Shouldn’t that have read “The European Commission”? – Yours, etc,

PÁDRAIC HARVEY,

Bóthar an Chillín,

An Cheathrú Rua,

Co na Gaillimhe.

Sir, – Minister for Communication Alex White “vows to bring fast broadband to rural areas” (September 10th). And then he’ll drain the Shannon. – Yours, etc,

MP NORRIS,

Kilgobnet,

Dungarvan,

Sir, – It is very ironic to hear Mr Kenny getting annoyed with Leo Varadkar’s comments on the upcoming budget.

After all, this Government has been like a sieve when it comes to pre-budget leaks and comments.

Sadly, one of the only reasons Mr Kenny’s Government will be remembered will be for the ongoing stream of speculative pre budget comments and leaks, most of which were untrue, and which irritated the general public during very difficult times.

A new way of doing politics indeed. – Yours, etc,

BRIAN CULLEN

Pine Valley Avenue,

Rathfarnham,

Dublin 16.

Sir, – “Cogito ergo sum”, wrote René Descartes back in 1644. Well, this autumn sees Fine Gael, Fianna Fáil, Sinn Féin and Labour engaging in their annual version of that celebrated proposition in order to justify their political existence. I think-in, therefore I am! – Yours, etc,

OLIVER McGRANE,

Marley Avenue,

Rathfarnham,

Dublin 16.

Sir, – What has the humble hyphen done to be treated with such indifference? In your edition of September 6th, we saw “cohost”, “coanchor”, “copresenter” and “coworker”. – Yours, etc,

DERMOD O’BYRNE,

Rathgar Park,

Dublin 6.

Sir, – Not a street cry, but a memory of the Dublin wit of the newspaper sellers of the 1950s. I asked for a Daily Mail and the reply I received was “I’m here every day. Will I do?” – Yours, etc,

MARGARET BUTLER,

St Helen’s Road,

Booterstown,

Co Dublin.

Irish Independent:

According to reports in the media in recent weeks, the Government is examining the income tax rates and the Universal Social Charge (USC) in advance of Budget 2015. However, it appears that the hinted changes (if any) will be too modest and uncourageous to make any difference to Ireland’s economy or to economic confidence.

The effective marginal rate of income tax in Ireland (including 7pc for USC and 4pc for employee PRSI) is 52pc for individuals; it is 55pc (thanks to an additional 3pc USC “levy”) if one has the audacity to be self-employed as a result of setting up your own business. These are rates of taxation that are unquestionably anti-enterprise and confiscatory. We should contrast these Irish rates with the 45pc top rate of income tax currently in place in Britain.

What needs to happen is that Ireland must get a Budget this October that supports growth. Everything in the Budget must support indigenous enterprise. To this end, the marginal rates of taxation must be reduced. Cutting the top rates of tax (not merely changing the point at which people enter tax bands, but actually reducing the top rates) will encourage enterprise and employment because it will allow businesses to retain more of the money that they earn. This means that people can invest in their businesses by hiring more staff and purchasing new equipment, or create new businesses.

It would also, crucially, help greatly to encourage talented people to remain in Ireland, instead of emigrating. Merely fiddling with the tax bands – which is a political cop-out, devoid of courage – would do little to change the true perception in Ireland today, that we are living in a very high-tax country which is a cold house for indigenous enterprise.

For the national finances to be balanced, Ireland needs a combination of public-spending control and real economic growth. It is now time to work on the growth by cutting the marginal rates of tax.

John B Reid, Monkstown, Co Dublin

Keeping the seasons Irish

On the RTE 1 ‘Nine O’Clock News’ on Monday, September 1, Mr Gerry Murphy, Met Office forecaster, announced that, “In Ireland, autumn is September, October and November”. As bald as that.

The Irish Met Office has a web page entitled ‘Fun Facts for Young Primary Students’, which starts, “Spring begins on the first of March and continues until the end of May”.

This is all bureaucratic propaganda, because it is not true. In Ireland, as Patrick Dinneen says in his dictionary, “Earrach, the spring, begins on La Fheile Bhride, February 1, and ends on the day before La Bealtaine, May 1″. The months of autumn are August, September (or Mean Fomhair, the middle of autumn) and October (or Deireadh Fomhair, the end of autumn).

This is a beautiful division of the year, with ceremonies attached to the opening days of each season, and each season balanced perfectly around a significant centre: spring equinox, mid-summer, autumn equinox and mid-winter.

We should not try to change an essential part of our culture, a part that connects us in the Ireland of today, through an unbroken folk tradition, with our Gaelic, pre-Norman past. If the Met Office needs to talk to the British Met Office in official terms, ones that require the meteorological year to be different from Ireland’s traditional calendar, let them do that, but leave us our spiritual and historical cultural division.

Michael Brennan, Address with Editor

 

Scottish poll and Burns’s ghost

I am amazed that the people in Scotland do not realise how fortunate they are. We in Ireland achieved independence at a very high price: the wasteful and tragic shedding of blood.

On referendum day, every Scot can win independence at the stroke of a pen.

J Anthony Gaughan, Blackrock, Co Dublin

 

Despite all the talking leading up to the Scottish Referendum, I hear a deafening silence. Is the past taboo, no longer relevant for Scotland’s future? Am I out of line for even mentioning it? Do Wallace, Bruce and Burns not stir any Scottish hearts any more?

Sean McElgunn, Belcoo, Co Fermanagh

 

GAA replay bonanza

With the expected bonanza from the replay of the hurling final, perhaps the GAA should now sing the song ‘Not Counting You’, by Garth Brooks to the Croke Park protesters?

Mick Hannon, Clones, Co Monaghan

 

Goodwill gesture from Ryanair

Given that Ryanair is regularly the target of widespread criticism on various issues, I consider it worthwhile to publicly record my recent experience in dealing with the company. Some months ago, I booked a return flight to Spain for my husband and myself costing €320. Subsequently, my husband was diagnosed with a serious illness, and we had to abandon our holiday plans.

I advised Ryanair of our situation and when I furnished it with medical confirmation of our story, I received a very sympathetic message and assurance that our money would be reimbursed in full. It was promptly lodged to our account. In times of stress, such goodwill gestures provide a necessary and much-needed morale boost.

Mary Aherne Ryan, Cappamore, Co Limerick

 

Junior Cert results night

Surely, it’s time to switch the day that teenagers receive their Junior Certificate results? Instead of students receiving them on Wednesday, results should be given out on a Friday.

Thus, students could go out on Friday night and not miss any school the following day. Thousands of students will have missed school after venturing out. It doesn’t make any sense, and neither pupils nor parents nor teachers benefit.

Chris Callaghan, Ramelton, Co Donegal

 

We’re not all farmers

We now have a Farming Commissioner, a Farming Minister, and a Taoiseach leading the Party of the Big Farmer in Government. What about the rest of us? That is to say, the people who pay for it?

Harry Mulhern, Millbrook Road, Dublin

 

Hospital hygiene: name names

As a member of the public and a HSE employee, I am fed up hearing about reports in the newspapers and other media outlets from state bodies such as the HIQA about non-compliance by some members of staff in hospitals regarding hand hygiene.

Why do these auditors not confront the individual regarding their poor hand hygiene practice when the non-compliance is observed and note the particular staff member’s name, profession and department within the hospital?

It is very easy to submit a report about these alleged non-compliances without names – start naming the individuals and the department in which they are employed in the audit reports using a separate appendix attached to the report, which would be exempt from FOI/public information, and submit this list to the relevant hospital manager.

Following this, the individuals should then be required to successfully complete hand-hygiene training within a tight time constraint, ie 48 hours, and submit a certification for hygiene training to the HIQA or the audit team.

On a second or subsequent non-compliance by the same person, they should be disciplined.

Dermot Duke, Drogheda, Co Louth

Irish Independent


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